CN103435402A - Agrocybe cylindracea cultivation material composition and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Agrocybe cylindracea cultivation material composition and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an agrocybe cylindracea cultivation material composition. The composition is characterized by using chestnut tree branch chips, corn husk dust and chestnut shell dust as main raw materials, and cotton seed hulls, bran, corn powder and gypsum powder as auxiliary materials, wherein the moisture content of the cultivation material is 63-65%. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the cultivation material composition. Compared with the existing sawdust and cotton seed hull cultivation material, the agrocybe cylindracea cultivation material composition has the advantages as follows: 1, the chestnut tree branch chips, the corn husk dust and the chestnut shell dust are accumulated to be aged and perform biological fermentation under the blazing sun, so that poisonous bacteriostatics are removed, and the macromolecule substances are degraded, which is beneficial to absorption of agrocybe cylindracea mycelia, and then the mycelia grow densely and vigorously; 2, the fruiting performance of agrocybe cylindracea is good, the product shape and properties are good, and the biological efficiency is higher; 3, the cultivation raw material channel is expanded, and the production cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical field
Content of the present invention comprises tea tree mushroom planting material compatibility, and the making method of this planting material, belongs to the fungus growing technique field.
Background technology
Tea tree mushroom has another name called Agrocybe aegerita (Brig) Sing, chaxingu mushroom, is a kind of rare edible fungus variety.It is crisp that tea tree mushroom covers tender handle, and the pure delicate fragrance of distinguishing the flavor of, include 18 seed amino acids, and can not synthesize voluntarily or transform comprising human body, and 8 kinds of necessary amino acid that must absorb from food, and also contain other many active factor materials, there is good food, pharmaceutical use.
All the time, the mushroom agriculture is raw material cultivate agrocybe mushroom mainly with wood chip, cotton seed hulls.Along with the fast development of mushroom industry, production-scale expansion, tea tree mushroom production also faces the problem of shortage of raw materials and production cost rising, so each production unit is all attached great importance to looking for cheap and good-quality alternative materials.
Chinese chestnut tree is Fagaceae Castanea nuts plant, and its fruit is the famous Traditional Agricultural byproduct of China.China is the first big producing country of Chinese chestnut, and according to the statistics of Food and Argriculture OrganizationFAO (FAO), to the end of the year in 2009, the Chinese Chestnut cultivated area was 200,000 hm
2, ultimate production is about 1,090,000 t, accounts for 77% of Gross World Product.
In Chinese chestnut production and the course of processing, can produce three class wastes.The one, the branch produced after pruning.China's Chinese chestnut cultivated area is large, 700,000 tons of the branch Yue Keda that the pruning of annual Cong Li garden falls, however these branches are not reasonably utilized, and major part is used as fuel wood; The 2nd, shell, have another name called luxuriant shell, Li Peng, Li Pu shell, is the waste stayed after collecting Chinese chestnut, general every 100kg Chinese chestnut just means the dry luxuriant shell that 60kg-90kg is arranged, and these luxuriant shells are drawn materials easily, enormous amount, but done fuel except minority, all the other are often arbitrarily abandoned or let alone rots; The 3rd, the chestnut shell, plant skin for the pericarp of Li Jianguo, accounts for 10% of chestnut fruit weight, and the chestnut shell is to produce in the Chinese chestnut course of processing, aboundresources and concentrating, but most of enterprise processed it as waste, both increased production cost, wastes again resource.
The Chinese chestnut branch, texture of wood is tight, and in unit volume, content of lignin is high; The bud shell, contain higher nutritive substance, and according to surveying and determination, luxuriant shell is containing crude protein 8.78%, carbon 39.04%, nitrogen 1.348%; The chestnut shell, contain the compositions such as Mierocrystalline cellulose, xylogen, and wherein content of cellulose reaches 48%, and xylogen accounts for 28.5%.Above these components, can grow essential carbon source, nitrogenous source is provided for edible fungi growth.But chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, these three kinds of materials of chestnut shell also contain the materials such as tannin, wax, can suppress the growth of hypha of edible fungus, therefore must effectively process, make these antibacterial substances be decomposed and volatilize.The method of processing comprises: sunlight exposure, accumulation ageing and biological fermentation etc.After treatment, owing to having removed the objectionable impurities that affects the hypha of edible fungus growth, therefore be suitable for the growth of wood rotting fungi.
Tea tree mushroom is a kind of wood-decay fungi, has the xylogen of decomposition, cellulosic ability.Edible mushrooms Main Cultivation raw material (cotton seed hulls, wood chip) increasingly the shortage today, if chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, these waste wood matter substitution of resources woods cultivating tea tree mushrooms of chestnut shell, be not only this behave of falling of an Edible Fungi, but also be a circular agriculture and environmental protection cause behave.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has following two aspects:
1, a kind ofly take the tea tree mushroom planting material compatibility that chestnut branch, luxuriant shell, chestnut shell be main raw material
2, the making method of planting material
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of tea tree mushroom planting material compatibility has following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 20%-30%, luxuriant shell bits 12%-18%, chestnut shell bits 13%-17%, cotton seed hulls 25%, wheat bran 12%, Semen Maydis powder 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
Chestnut branch bits: dry, be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Bud shell bits: be exposed to the sun, be ground into the following particle of particle diameter 3mm (preventing the long sack that punctures of luxuriant shell thorn), be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Chestnut shell bits: be ground into the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm after the chestnut shell that fresh nothing is gone mouldy is exposed to the sun, be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
Wheat bran: the wheat cortex that wheat separates in processing flour process.
Semen Maydis powder: as available nutrient, promote the mycelia Fast Growth, can be again the tea tree mushroom growth vitamin H etc. is provided.
Lime powder, terra alba: regulate, stablize potential of hydrogen, increase calcium, sulphur nutritive ingredient.
The making method of planting material, comprise the steps:
1. shine material: the 1d-2d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make antibacterial substance decompose volatilization simultaneously;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 2% lime aqueous solution prewetted (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled to high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm on heap, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, when turning for the third time, adds the auxiliary materials such as cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times 4-5 time altogether, time remaining 6d-7d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. bottle, beat and plant the bacterium hole: by the planting material 1100ml * 78mmPP culture bottle of packing into, stamping the aperture of planting ，Zhi Jun hole, bacterium hole is 16mm, then covers the bottle cap of the ventilative sponge of band;
6. sterilizing, cooling: culture bottle is carried out to autoclaving, first keep 100 ℃ of sterilizing 1h, then rise to 121 ℃ of autoclaving 1.5h; Process of cooling is: naturally cool to below 25 ℃.
After planting material access bacterial classification, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 22 ℃-24 ℃, and relative air humidity is controlled at 60%-75%; Through the cultivation of 27d-28d, mycelia is covered with bottle, can enter management of producing mushroom.
It is main raw material that chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are take in the present invention, is aided with the auxiliary materials such as cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba, makes the tea tree mushroom planting material.With existing wood chip, cottonseed shell cultivation material, compare, its advantage is: the one, and chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits, by sunlight exposure, accumulation ageing and biological fermentation, process, poisonous bacteriostatics had both been removed, make again the macromolecular substance degraded, be conducive to the absorption of tea tree mushroom mycelia, show as the mycelial growth densification, growing way is vigorous; The 2nd, the tea tree mushroom fruiting performance is good, and commodity property is good, and biological efficiency is higher; The 3rd, widened the culturing raw material channel, greatly reduce production cost.
Embodiment
Mode 1: in the present embodiment, the tea tree mushroom planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 20%, luxuriant shell bits 18%, chestnut shell bits 17%, cotton seed hulls 25%, wheat bran 12%, Semen Maydis powder 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.
Making method:
1. shine material: 2d is exposed to the sun raw material before spice;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 2% lime aqueous solution prewetted (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled to high 1.2m, and the trapezoidal heap of wide 3m, after carrying out heap, pat surrounding, then insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 15cm on heap, and at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, when turning for the third time, adds the auxiliary materials such as cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times totally 5 times, time remaining 7d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. bottle, beat and plant the bacterium hole: by the planting material 1100ml * 78mmPP culture bottle of packing into, stamping the aperture of planting ，Zhi Jun hole, bacterium hole is 16mm, then covers the bottle cap of the ventilative sponge of band;
6. sterilizing, cooling: culture bottle is carried out to autoclaving, first keep 100 ℃ of sterilizing 1h, then rise to 121 ℃ of autoclaving 1.5h; Process of cooling is: naturally cool to below 25 ℃.
After planting material access bacterial classification, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 22 ℃, and relative air humidity is controlled at 65%; Through the cultivation of 27d, mycelia is covered with bottle, can enter management of producing mushroom.
Mode 2: in the present embodiment, the tea tree mushroom planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 25%, luxuriant shell bits 15%, chestnut shell bits 15%, cotton seed hulls 25%, wheat bran 12%, Semen Maydis powder 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
Mode 3: in the present embodiment, the tea tree mushroom planting material comprises following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 30%, luxuriant shell bits 12%, chestnut shell bits 13%, cotton seed hulls 25%, wheat bran 12%, Semen Maydis powder 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, and the proportioning sum is 100%.Making method is with reference to mode 1.
Mode 4 (control group): wood chip 40%, cotton seed hulls 38%, wheat bran 20%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 1%.
From following table, the chestnut branch of all modes bits, luxuriant shell are considered to be worth doing, the full bottle of chestnut shell bits planting material mycelia number of days is suitable with control group, and its biological efficiency reaches 88.7%-98.3%, all over the control group level.
The impact of the planting material of table different modes on the tea tree mushroom biological efficiency
Claims (7)
1. a tea tree mushroom planting material, it is characterized in that containing following component and quality proportioning: chestnut branch bits 20%-30%, bud shell bits 12%-18%, chestnut shell bits 13%-17%, cotton seed hulls 25%, wheat bran 12%, Semen Maydis powder 5%, terra alba 1%, lime powder 2%, be all the quality of dry-matter, the proportioning sum is 100%.
2. a kind of tea tree mushroom planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described chestnut branch bits are the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, dries and be deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year.
3. a kind of tea tree mushroom planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described luxuriant shell bits, for the following particle of particle diameter 3mm, are deposited in air seasoning place, ageing 1 year after being exposed to the sun, pulverizing.
4. a kind of tea tree mushroom planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described chestnut shell bits are the particle of particle diameter 4mm-5mm, is deposited in air seasoning place after being exposed to the sun, pulverizing, ageing 1 year.
5. a kind of tea tree mushroom planting material according to claim 1, is characterized in that described wheat bran is the wheat cortex that wheat separates in processing flour process.
6. the making method of the tea tree mushroom planting material described in a claim 1-5 is characterized in that:
1. shine material: the 1d-2d that before spice, raw material is exposed to the sun, utilize ultraviolet ray to kill part miscellaneous bacteria in raw material, make antibacterial substance decompose volatilization simultaneously;
2. prewet: first chestnut branch bits, luxuriant shell bits, chestnut shell bits are turned evenly under drying regime, thereafter with 2% lime aqueous solution prewetted (fully drenching);
3. the fermentation of banking up: wet feed is piled to high 1.0m-1.2m, wide 2m-3m, the trapezoidal heap that length is not limit, the planting material of every heap is controlled at dry weight 300kg-500kg, after carrying out heap, surrounding is patted, then insert some vertical pores with the wooden stick of diameter 10cm-15cm on heap, at the bottom of straight through reactor, stomatal frequency is 1/m
3, finally cover straw mat by its spontaneous fermentation;
4. turning: after material temperature reaches 60 ℃, keep 24h, then carry out turning, and later turning every day once, when turning for the third time, adds the auxiliary materials such as cotton seed hulls, wheat bran, Semen Maydis powder, terra alba, and the water content of looking windrow keeps the skin wet, turning number of times 4-5 time altogether, time remaining 6d-7d, while stopping fermentation, the water content of culture material is 63%-65%;
5. bottle, beat and plant the bacterium hole: by the planting material 1100ml * 78mmPP culture bottle of packing into, stamping the aperture of planting ，Zhi Jun hole, bacterium hole is 16mm, then covers the bottle cap of the ventilative sponge of band;
6. sterilizing, cooling: culture bottle is carried out to autoclaving, first keep 100 ℃ of sterilizing 1h, then rise to 121 ℃ of autoclaving 1.5h; Process of cooling is: naturally cool to below 25 ℃.
7. by the tea tree mushroom planting material described in claim 1-6, after it is characterized in that accessing bacterial classification, culturing room's temperature is controlled at 22 ℃-24 ℃, and relative air humidity is controlled at 60%-75%; Through the cultivation of 27d-28d, mycelia is covered with bottle, can enter management of producing mushroom.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104108999A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-10-22 | 赵跃胜 | Preserved Chinese chestnut substrate material for plantation of Agrocybe cylindracea and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104609987A (en) * | 2015-02-24 | 2015-05-13 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing agrocybe cylindracea cultivation material |
| CN104725112A (en) * | 2015-02-24 | 2015-06-24 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of agrocybe aegirit cultivation material |
| CN104725114A (en) * | 2015-02-24 | 2015-06-24 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of agrocybe aegirit cultivation material |
| CN104725113A (en) * | 2015-02-24 | 2015-06-24 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of agrocybe aegirit cultivation material |
| CN104744157A (en) * | 2015-03-07 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing agrocybe cylindracea compost |
| CN104744155A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing agrocybe cylindracea compost |
| CN104744156A (en) * | 2015-03-07 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing agrocybe cylindracea compost |
| CN104961550A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-10-07 | 王金生 | Method for manufacturing culture substrates for agrocybe cylindracea |
| CN107162676A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-09-15 | 张和平 | A kind of organic edible fungus culturing matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN107434574A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2017-12-05 | 临桂铭泰果蔬农民专业合作社 | A kind of planting material for improving Agrocybe aegerita yield |
| CN108450237A (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2018-08-28 | 合肥益康现代农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of nuisanceless agrocybe aegerita culture material of addition teaseed cake dregs |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104108999A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-10-22 | 赵跃胜 | Preserved Chinese chestnut substrate material for plantation of Agrocybe cylindracea and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104609987A (en) * | 2015-02-24 | 2015-05-13 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing agrocybe cylindracea cultivation material |
| CN104725112A (en) * | 2015-02-24 | 2015-06-24 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of agrocybe aegirit cultivation material |
| CN104725114A (en) * | 2015-02-24 | 2015-06-24 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of agrocybe aegirit cultivation material |
| CN104725113A (en) * | 2015-02-24 | 2015-06-24 | 邬方成 | Preparation method of agrocybe aegirit cultivation material |
| CN104744155A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing agrocybe cylindracea compost |
| CN104744157A (en) * | 2015-03-07 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing agrocybe cylindracea compost |
| CN104744156A (en) * | 2015-03-07 | 2015-07-01 | 邬方成 | Method for manufacturing agrocybe cylindracea compost |
| CN104961550A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-10-07 | 王金生 | Method for manufacturing culture substrates for agrocybe cylindracea |
| CN107434574A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2017-12-05 | 临桂铭泰果蔬农民专业合作社 | A kind of planting material for improving Agrocybe aegerita yield |
| CN107162676A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-09-15 | 张和平 | A kind of organic edible fungus culturing matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN108450237A (en) * | 2018-02-10 | 2018-08-28 | 合肥益康现代农业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of nuisanceless agrocybe aegerita culture material of addition teaseed cake dregs |
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