CN103430755A - Method for developing healthy sugarcane seeds - Google Patents
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- CN103430755A CN103430755A CN2013104005315A CN201310400531A CN103430755A CN 103430755 A CN103430755 A CN 103430755A CN 2013104005315 A CN2013104005315 A CN 2013104005315A CN 201310400531 A CN201310400531 A CN 201310400531A CN 103430755 A CN103430755 A CN 103430755A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a technical method for developing healthy sugarcane seeds. The technical core of the technical method comprises the following steps: obtaining a generation of healthy sugarcane seed stems by utilizing the healthy sugarcane seeds which are obtained by carrying out tissue-cultivation and rapid propagation onto the sugarcane through an intermittent immersion type biological reactor; and carrying out single-bud coating onto the generation of the healthy sugarcane seed stems. The single bud of each healthy seed is about 1cm in diameter, and about 2-3cm in length. According to the method for developing healthy sugarcane seeds disclosed by the invention, the sugarcane reproduction result display is carried out by using the intermittent immersion type biological reactor, and the one-generation reproduction rate can reach 40 times or more; a bagged rooting cultivation technology of the sugarcane is utilized for carrying out rooting cultivation onto the sugarcane tissue-cultured seedlings, so that thee rooting percentage reaches 95% or more, and the transplanting survival rate reaches 90% or more. Mechanical seeding is adopted for a planting way, so that the seeding quantity per hectare of the healthy sugarcane seeds is 1-2 tons in comparison with the conventional 12-20-ton seeding quantity per hectare. Moreover, the labor cost is lowered, so that the healthy sugarcane seeds are easily accepted by a sugarcane grower, and therefore, the method is beneficial for promoting the popularization of the healthy sugarcane seedlings, and developing a new situation for popularizing and applying the healthy sugarcane seedlings.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to breeding, the cultivation method of a Plants, especially a kind of technical method of sugarcane health seed development, set up corresponding manufacture technology and corresponding cultivation techniques system, belongs to biological technical field.
Background technology
Sugarcane health seedling refer to by animal nutrition, obtain do not take viruliferous cane seedling, its technical system mainly comprises 5 links such as removal, tissue culture quick breeding, cause of disease detection, field proliferating and corresponding cultivation of pathogen.The application of sugarcane health seedling is the biotechnology of a practicability and effectiveness, be in the world each cane planting country all in the technology of being studied and utilizing.Since technique will begin one's study from the end of the year 70 of 20th century, now progressively ripe, and start to move towards business-like production and application.
It is combined with heat treatment stem apex cultured in vitro that sugarcane health seedling is produced the most frequently used method, be also current sugarcane tissue culture the most effectively and the most practical method.Long-term research shows, with stem apex detoxify, in conjunction with thermal treatment, is that the sugarcane health seedling technology is one of important means of Sugarcane Disease prevention and control.But along with constantly development and application widely of plant tissue culture technique, the weakness of tradition tissue culture technology self also constantly reveals, as in labour intensive, blake bottle, the gas exchange is obstructed, the automatic and mechanical degree is low, production cost is high, therefore, save and produce the important directions that input, reduction labour cost, raising reproduction coefficient and raising group training seedling quality become current plant tissue culture technical development.
The TIBs(intermittent immersion bioreactor) be the equipment that a set of massive planting fabric texture is cultivated and the research of Plant Secondary Metabolites matter is integrated, its principle is to utilize liquid nutrient medium take the plant tissue culture seedling to be carried out to step cultivation through filtered air pressure as power, compare it with traditional tissue culture mode a good environment can be provided for plant in the process of liquid culture, can carry out well the gas exchange in incubator, the circulation of medium can prevent the accumulation of nutrition deposition and harmful substance very effectively, thereby more effectively utilize the nutrient component of medium.So utilize large-scale bio-reactor to carry out the research application of sugarcane tissue-culture, can further promote commercially producing of sugarcane tissue-culture health seedling, improve the sugarcane production benefit.
Health seedling need to pass through the Cultivate administration stage of one-level nursery, secondary nursery, one-level kind stem and secondary kind stem from indoor group of training seedling to field planting, could recover the kind of self after cultivation through these stages, rather than directly health seedling be planted in land for growing field crops.In the process of applying, because the recovery of one-level kind stem kind is incomplete, tillering quantity is more, plants stem thinner, has increased the peasant in the middle of invisible to accept the difficulty of health seedling, thereby has strengthened the difficulty that health seedling is promoted.Secondly, because health seedling needs several Cultivate administration stage, and peasant's Cultivate administration level is limited, is also to hinder another difficult problem that health seedling is promoted.How to fully play the advantage of health seedling, improving the sugarcane grower is urgent problem in the sugarcane health seedling development to the sugarcane health seedling degree of recognition.
Sugarcane " healthy seed " is to utilize the sugarcane health seedling generation kind stem simple bud carry out after Cotton seeds to carry out the new technology of cane planting, is the latest development of sugarcane health seedling technology.About the research of sugarcane " healthy seed " technology, only have Brazilian Syngenta company that communications and reports are arranged at present, and almost do not have about the report of sugarcane " healthy seed " technology contents aspect.Research group of the present invention and this project team member have had preliminary understanding to this technology when participating in access Brazil of the delegation by Guangxi Science and Technology Department tissue in 2011, the rear research that starts to carry out sugarcane health seedling one-level kind stem simple bud stem germination test aspect of coming back home, and make some progress.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is a kind of key technology of sugarcane health seed development, and this technology mainly comprises: the sugarcane health seedling that utilizes intermittent immersion bioreactor to carry out the fast numerous gained of sugarcane tissue-culture obtains generation sugarcane health kind stem; The simple bud Cotton seeds technology of generation sugarcane health kind stem.
The concrete technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
(1) production of sugarcane health seedling
Utilize the intermittent immersion bioreactor fast breeding technique to carry out sugarcane health seedling production in conjunction with the packed technology of taking root, this technical system main operational steps comprises:
Utilize intermittent immersion bioreactor to carry out sugarcane propagation numerous soon, it is to breed cultivation, continuous culture 40 days in MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+GA 0.5 mg/L+white granulated sugar 30 g/L intermittent immersion bioreactor systems that the sugarcane detoxication health seedling of subculture 3 times is seeded to culture medium prescription;
Utilize the packed culture of rootage technology of sugarcane to carry out the sugar-cane tissue culture seedlings culture of rootage, every bag culture medium amount is 30 ml, and culture medium prescription is MS+NAA 5.0 mg/L+GA 0.3 mg/L+white granulated sugar 50 g/L, and cultivated days is 30 days;
(2) cultivation management of generation sugarcane health kind stem:
(2.1) planting type: utilize and heel in the sugarcane detoxication tissue culturing seedling after 40 days, transplant to nutritive cube and carry out the individual plant cultivation management, generally after transplanting, 4 months individual plants have 10 internode left and right to be cut receipts;
(2.2) cultivation management: after heeling in transplantation of seedlings, water permeable and lid white plastic film, after 7 days, open film; Open after film within every 10 days, spray 40 times of MS macroelement dilutions nutrient solution once; After the nutritive cube final singling, fertilizing amount need to strengthen fertilizer application amount, and the concentration that is 15%:15%:15% composite fertilizer 2% with N:P2O5:K2O sprays, and is also noted that the management of moisture simultaneously; Transplanting is tillered after finishing and is carried out the final singling processing, and each nutritive cube stays two young plants; Transplanting after two months individual plant starts the jointing initial stage and sprays 20 mg/kg Gibberellins solution and once carry out the elongation of internode;
(2.3) extermination of disease and insect pest: after heeling in transplantation of seedlings, carry out sterilization processing with 500 times of solution of 30% carbendazim dilution in general every about 5 days; During from transplanting, the sharp suspending agent of every two weeks spray 30% degree once carries out the snout moth's larva control;
(3) generation sugarcane health kind stem simple bud Cotton seeds:
(3.1) specification of stem-segment with single bud: the diameter control of one-level kind stem stem-segment with single bud is in the 1cm left and right, and length is in the 2-3cm left and right;
(3.2) kind of simple bud seed coat agent: the seed coat agent of simple bud kind stem is selected enemy that Syngenta Co.,Ltd the produces red suspension seed-coating agent of entrusting, by entrust 5 milliliters of red suspension seed-coating agents of 3% enemy, add 1-1.5 L water and dilute in container, admix 20 kilograms of simple bud kind stems, after fully mixing, in ventilating and cooling place, dry;
(3.3) preservation of sugarcane health seed: healthy seed pelleting generally can be preserved 8-10 days at the shady and cool ventilation place after processing.
Good effect of the present invention:
Utilize intermittent immersion bioreactor to carry out sugarcane propagation result and show, the generation rate of increase can reach more than 40 times; Utilize the packed culture of rootage technology of sugarcane to carry out the sugar-cane tissue culture seedlings culture of rootage, rooting rate reaches more than 95%, and transplanting survival rate reaches more than 90%.
Traditional planting patterns is two bud section of every 50 cm; the bud ratio under the condition of irrigation is arranged, be 50%; sugarcane " healthy seed " utilizes the generation kind stem simple bud of sugarcane health seedling; diameter is 1 cm; length is 2-3 cm, after utilizing insecticide and diaphragm to carry out dressing, forms " the sugarcane seed " be similar to corn coating seed that can planting with machinery; with traditional planting patterns per hectare 12-20 ton amount of sowing, compare, sugarcane " healthy seed " the per hectare amount of sowing is the 1-2 ton.
Utilizing on sugarcane TIBS tissue-culturing rapid propagation basis, the key technology of sugarcane " healthy seed " development is carried out to deep research, is a climacteric of cane planting industry.The maximum characteristics of sugarcane " healthy seed " are to utilize machinery to sow plantation, and the simple bud stem is short and small, store convenient transportation.So the most direct effect of development to Sugarcane Industry is exactly to reduce the planting cost of sugarcane.The first, owing to adopting mechanized cultivation, will save a large amount of costs of labor, this is effective means for solving the plantation labour cost day by day increased; Second, what adopt due to sugarcane " healthy seed " is that the simple bud stem of sugarcane health seedling generation kind stem is planted, will greatly reduce the sowing quantity of cane planting, the kind stem that reduces cane planting drops into, thereby can increase the overall productivity of sugarcane and the overall productivity of sucrose; The 3rd, the sugarcane health seed adopts artificial Cotton seeds, can effectively improve the germination rate of kind of stem, under room temperature condition, at the shady and cool ventilation place, generally can preserve about 8-10 days, and germination rate reaches more than 80%.In sugarcane stem apex Virus-free seedcane, and pass through again Cotton seeds due to the sugarcane health seed source, improved the ability of disease and insect resistance, so can effectively improve the diseases and insect pests resistance of seedling in seedling stage.The 4th, sugarcane stem apex Virus-free seedcane is owing to will passing through the one-level kind stem stage in production application, be not easy to be accepted by the sugarcane grower very much, and sugarcane " healthy seed " derives from the one-level kind stem of stem apex detoxify health seedling, the output after plantation is not less than traditional cultivation method, and adopts mechanical planting on planting patterns, reduce cost of labor, easily by the sugarcane grower, accepted, thereby be conducive to advance the popularization of sugarcane health seedling, open up the new situation that sugarcane health seedling is applied.
Embodiment
The concrete implementation step of this programme is as follows:
1. the production of sugarcane health seedling:
Utilize the intermittent immersion bioreactor fast breeding technique to carry out sugarcane health seedling production in conjunction with the packed technology of taking root.This technical system main operational steps comprises:
Utilize intermittent immersion bioreactor to carry out sugarcane propagation numerous soon, it is the MS(minimal medium that the sugarcane detoxication health seedling of subculture 3 times is seeded to culture medium prescription)+6-BA (benayl aminopurine) 1.0 mg/L+GA(gibberellin) breed cultivation, continuous culture 40 days in 0.5 mg/L+white granulated sugar 30 g/L intermittent immersion bioreactor systems.
Utilize the packed culture of rootage technology of sugarcane to carry out the sugar-cane tissue culture seedlings culture of rootage, the culture bag material is acrylic resin, specification is 12 cm * 8 cm, every bag culture medium amount is 30 ml, culture medium prescription is MS+NAA(1-methyl α-naphthyl acetate) 5.0 mg/L+GA 0.3 mg/L+white granulated sugar 50 g/L, cultivated days is 30 days.
2. the cultivation management of generation sugarcane health kind stem:
(1) planting type: utilize and heel in the sugarcane detoxication tissue culturing seedling after 40 days, transplant to nutritive cube (15 cm with a high standard * diameter 15 cm) and carry out the individual plant cultivation management, generally after transplanting, 4 months individual plants have 10 internode left and right to be cut receipts.
(2) cultivation management: after heeling in transplantation of seedlings, water permeable and lid white plastic film, after 7 days, open film; Open after film within every 10 days, spray 40 times of MS macroelement dilutions nutrient solution once; After the nutritive cube final singling, fertilizing amount need to strengthen fertilizer application amount, uses N(nitrogenous fertilizer): P
2o
5(phosphate fertilizer): K
2o(potash fertilizer), for the concentration of 15%:15%:15% composite fertilizer 2% sprays, be also noted that the management of moisture simultaneously; Transplanting is tillered after finishing and is carried out the final singling processing, and each nutritive cube stays two young plants; Transplanting after two months individual plant starts the jointing initial stage and sprays 20 mg/kg Gibberellins solution and once carry out the elongation of internode.
(3) extermination of disease and insect pest: after heeling in transplantation of seedlings, due to hot and humid, easily produce mould, carry out sterilization processing with 500 times of solution of 30% carbendazim dilution in general every about 5 days; To pay special attention to the preventing and controlling to snout moth's larva after transplanting, generally when transplanting, each two weeks spray 30% degree sharp (DURIVO) suspending agent once carries out the snout moth's larva control.
3. generation sugarcane health kind stem simple bud Cotton seeds:
(1) specification of stem-segment with single bud: the diameter control of one-level kind stem stem-segment with single bud is in the 1cm left and right, and length is in the 2-3cm left and right.
(2) kind of simple bud seed coat agent: the seed coat agent of simple bud kind stem is selected enemy that Syngenta Co.,Ltd the produces red suspension seed-coating agent (every 1 liter of enemy committee is red containing 30 gram Difenoconazole difenoconazole) of entrusting, by entrust 5 milliliters of red suspension seed-coating agents of 3% enemy, add 1-1.5 L water dilutes in suitable container, admix 20 kilograms of simple bud kind stems, after fully mixing, in ventilating and cooling place, dry.
(3) preservation of sugarcane health seed: healthy seed pelleting generally can be preserved at the shady and cool ventilation place about 8-10 days after processing.
Embodiment:
One, material: sugar cane breed is ROC 22
Two, method:
1. utilize intermittent immersion bioreactor to carry out sugarcane propagation numerous soon, it is to breed cultivation, continuous culture 40 days in MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+GA 0.5 mg/L+white granulated sugar 30 g/L intermittent immersion bioreactor systems that the sugarcane detoxication health seedling of subculture 3 times is seeded to culture medium prescription.
2. utilize the packed culture of rootage technology of sugarcane to carry out the sugar-cane tissue culture seedlings culture of rootage, the culture bag material is acrylic resin, specification is 12 cm * 8 cm, every bag culture medium amount is 30 ml, culture medium prescription is MS+NAA 5.0 mg/L+GA 0.3 mg/L+white granulated sugar 50 g/L, and cultivated days is 30 days.
3. the cultivation management of generation sugarcane health kind stem:
(1) planting type: utilize and heel in the sugarcane detoxication tissue culturing seedling after 40 days, transplant to nutritive cube (15 cm with a high standard * diameter 15 cm) and carry out the individual plant cultivation management, generally after transplanting, 4 months individual plants have 10 internode left and right to be cut receipts.
(2) cultivation management: after heeling in transplantation of seedlings, water permeable and lid white plastic film, after 7 days, open film; Open after film within every 10 days, spray 40 times of MS macroelement dilutions nutrient solution once; After the nutritive cube final singling, fertilizing amount need to strengthen fertilizer application amount, uses N:P
2o
5: K
2the concentration that O is 15%:15%:15% composite fertilizer 2% sprays, and is also noted that the management of moisture simultaneously; Transplanting is tillered after finishing and is carried out the final singling processing, and each nutritive cube stays two young plants; Transplanting after two months individual plant starts the jointing initial stage and sprays 20 mg/kg Gibberellins solution and once carry out the elongation of internode.
(3) extermination of disease and insect pest: after heeling in transplantation of seedlings, due to hot and humid, easily produce mould, carry out sterilization processing with 500 times of solution of 30% carbendazim dilution in general every about 5 days; To pay special attention to the preventing and controlling to snout moth's larva after transplanting, generally when transplanting, each two weeks spray 30% degree sharp (DURIVO) suspending agent once carries out the snout moth's larva control.
4. generation sugarcane health kind stem simple bud Cotton seeds:
The seed coat agent of simple bud kind stem is selected enemy that Syngenta Co.,Ltd the produces red suspension seed-coating agent (every 1 liter of enemy committee is red containing 30 gram Difenoconazole difenoconazole) of entrusting, by entrust 5 milliliters of red suspension seed-coating agents of 3% enemy, add 1-1.5 L water dilutes in suitable container, admix 20 kilograms of simple bud kind stems, after fully mixing, in ventilating and cooling place, dry.
Three, result
1. utilize intermittent immersion bioreactor to carry out sugarcane propagation result and show, the generation rate of increase can reach more than 40 times; Utilize the packed culture of rootage technology of sugarcane to carry out the sugar-cane tissue culture seedlings culture of rootage, rooting rate reaches more than 95%, and transplanting survival rate reaches more than 90%.
2. the generation kind stem simple bud of the sugarcane health seedling after Cotton seeds, i.e. sugarcane health seed, diameter is 1 cm, and length is 2-3 cm, under room temperature condition, at the shady and cool ventilation place, generally can preserve about 8-10 days, and germination rate reaches more than 80%.
Claims (1)
1. the method for sugarcane health seed development is characterized by:
(1) production of sugarcane health seedling
Utilize the intermittent immersion bioreactor fast breeding technique to carry out sugarcane health seedling production in conjunction with the packed technology of taking root, this technical system main operational steps comprises:
Utilize intermittent immersion bioreactor to carry out sugarcane propagation numerous soon, it is to breed cultivation, continuous culture 40 days in MS+6-BA 1.0 mg/L+GA 0.5 mg/L+white granulated sugar 30 g/L intermittent immersion bioreactor systems that the sugarcane detoxication health seedling of subculture 3 times is seeded to culture medium prescription;
Utilize the packed culture of rootage technology of sugarcane to carry out the sugar-cane tissue culture seedlings culture of rootage, every bag culture medium amount is 30 ml, and culture medium prescription is MS+NAA 5.0 mg/L+GA 0.3 mg/L+white granulated sugar 50 g/L, and cultivated days is 30 days;
(2) cultivation management of generation sugarcane health kind stem:
(2.1) planting type: utilize and heel in the sugarcane detoxication tissue culturing seedling after 40 days, transplant to nutritive cube and carry out the individual plant cultivation management, generally after transplanting, 4 months individual plants have 10 internode left and right to be cut receipts;
(2.2) cultivation management: after heeling in transplantation of seedlings, water permeable and lid white plastic film, after 7 days, open film; Open after film within every 10 days, spray 40 times of MS macroelement dilutions nutrient solution once; After the nutritive cube final singling, fertilizing amount need to strengthen fertilizer application amount, and the concentration that is 15%:15%:15% composite fertilizer 2% with N:P2O5:K2O sprays, and is also noted that the management of moisture simultaneously; Transplanting is tillered after finishing and is carried out the final singling processing, and each nutritive cube stays two young plants; Transplanting after two months individual plant starts the jointing initial stage and sprays 20 mg/kg Gibberellins solution and once carry out the elongation of internode;
(2.3) extermination of disease and insect pest: after heeling in transplantation of seedlings, carry out sterilization processing with 500 times of solution of 30% carbendazim dilution in general every about 5 days; During from transplanting, the sharp suspending agent of every two weeks spray 30% degree once carries out the snout moth's larva control;
(3) generation sugarcane health kind stem simple bud Cotton seeds:
(3.1) specification of stem-segment with single bud: the diameter control of one-level kind stem stem-segment with single bud is in the 1cm left and right, and length is in the 2-3cm left and right;
(3.2) kind of simple bud seed coat agent: the seed coat agent of simple bud kind stem is selected enemy that Syngenta Co.,Ltd the produces red suspension seed-coating agent of entrusting, by entrust 5 milliliters of red suspension seed-coating agents of 3% enemy, add 1-1.5 L water and dilute in container, admix 20 kilograms of simple bud kind stems, after fully mixing, in ventilating and cooling place, dry;
(3.3) preservation of sugarcane health seed: healthy seed pelleting generally can be preserved 8-10 days at the shady and cool ventilation place after processing.
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| CN103766042A (en) * | 2014-02-11 | 2014-05-07 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Method for increasing seed stem germination rate of sugarcanes planted in winter and spring |
| CN105103834A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-12-02 | 广西康丰科技开发有限公司 | Single-bud planting method of sugarcane |
| CN106818471A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-06-13 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | A kind of method of utilization sugarcane health cultivating seeds high yield sugarcane |
| CN109197484A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-01-15 | 云南农业大学 | A method of improving sugarcane wild species resource child care survival rate |
| CN110226596A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-09-13 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | A kind of method of sugarcane simple bud cryo-conservation |
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| CN106818471A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2017-06-13 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | A kind of method of utilization sugarcane health cultivating seeds high yield sugarcane |
| CN109197484A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-01-15 | 云南农业大学 | A method of improving sugarcane wild species resource child care survival rate |
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