Detailed description of the invention
Prescription analysis: in Mongolian medicine's theory, the symptom of diabetes is classified as to diabetes one class, treatment is to quench one's thirst as target.Therefore, collect the mongolian medicine proved recipe with the effect of quenching one's thirst, adopt modern science means test and screen, can discard the dross and select the essential, eliminate the false and retain the true, the Prescription of Mongolian Medicine of the diabetes that obtain medical treatment.Based on above-mentioned cognition, through collection and experiment for many years, form aforementioned prescription.Fructus Lycii in side, Mongolia's name clings to towards slave mattress-Ha Er mark, side, Xi Run-Wen Jile loud, high-pitched sound, is the fruit of the multi-branched shrub plant Fructus Lycii Lycium chinense of Solanaceae Lycium, containing betanin (betane) (C
5h
11o
2n), Semen Maydis xanthin (C
40h
36o
2), physalin (C
72h
116o
2), multivitamin, several amino acids, calcium, phosphorus, ferrum, polysaccharide, taurine, the derivant of γ-aminobutyric acid and guanidine class, sweet in the mouth, property is flat, light, blunt, soft, has dispel effect of stagnant blood of heat clearing away.Cortex Lycii is the root of aforementioned matrimony vine of solanaceae plant Lycium chinense, and containing compositions such as betanins (betane), tannic acid, known have antipyretic, blood pressure lowering, an antibacterial effect, is Mongolian medicine's conventional crude drugs.Radix Rehmanniae, have another name called the Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Rehmanniae, for the dry rhizome of Scrophulariaceae herbaceos perennial Radix Rehmanniae Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch, containing rehmanin, catalpol, several amino acids etc., there is the effect of hemostasis, heart tonifying, diuresis, recent studies proves to have hypoglycemic effect, but the intestines and stomach is had to greasy stagnant, the untoward reaction such as have loose bowels more, can not continue to take orally.Call Radix Ophiopogonis Radix Ophiopogonis, Mongolia's name fine jade fine jade lattice Radix Ophiopogonis, the dried root of Liliaceae Ophiopogon plant Radix Ophiopogonis (Ophitopogin japonicum (L.f) Ker.-Gawl.), sweet in the mouth, micro-hardship, cool in nature, containing Radix Ophiopogonis Saponin A, B, C, many kinds of steroid saponins of D, ophiopogonin B ', C ', D ' and multiple flavone compound, there is Yin-nourishing and body fluid promoting, nourishing the lung to arrest cough, the function of the relieving restlessness that clears away heart-fire.Spica Prunellae Prunella vulgaris Linn, perennial herb, claim again ferrum color grass, large headdress flower, rod stigma flower, Intestinum caprae seu ovis dish, hammer grass, June is dry, caput post etc., containing triterpene saponin, rutin (Rutin), the glycoside materials such as hyperin (Hyperoside), also contain ursolic acid (Ursolic acid), the organic acid such as caffeic acid (Caffeic acid) and free oleanolic acid, still containing vitamin B1. vitamin C, vitamin K, carotene, resin, amaroid, tannin, volatile oil, the inorganic salt such as alkaloid and potassium chloride, cold in nature, sweet in the mouth, pungent, micro-hardship, have and let out clearly liver-fire, mass dissipating and swelling eliminating, heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, expelling phlegm for arresting cough, effect of cooling blood for hemostasis, pharmacological research shows in the recent period, Spica Prunellae reduces blood pressure, blood vessel dilating, reduce vascular permeability, reduce fragility, reduce liver fat, resist the effects such as cancerous cell, it is the general medical material of middle Mongolian medicine.Semen Myristicae another name flesh fruit, semen myristicae, the very precious sound of Mongolia name Sa Di, Zhu, Na Ma, for the dry kernel of maturation of Myristicaceae aiphyllium Semen Myristicae (Myristica fragrn Houtt), property and flavor of peppery and warm, containing volatile oil, fat, myristicin (C
11h
12o
3), there is warming the middle warmer and descending qi, relieving diarrhea with astringents, effect of digesting and appetizing.Herba Dracocephali Mongolia name Bi Yanggu, precious GURIGUMU, bar loud, high-pitched sound-Ji Buse, fourth lashing wire, loud, high-pitched sound are outstanding, the dry aerial parts of labiate Herba Dracocephali (Draco-cephalum moldoviea L), sweet in the mouth, hardship, cool in nature, blunt, light, puckery, greasy, there is the effects such as removing heat from the liver, dry yellow fluid, flat stomach be sticky.Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis has another name called Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis, Mongolia its Er Tubaoya of fall-wood of name Zhuo, Nimu bar, for the dry root and rhizome of leguminous plant sophora subprostrata (Sophora subprostata Chun et T.Chen), bitter in the mouth, cool in nature, rare, soft, blunt, containing matrine, Oxymatrine alkali, anagyrine, methyl baptitoxine, genistein and phenol thing (C
31h
52o
4), there is effect that heat-clearing and toxic substances removing, moistening and cleaning throat quench the thirst.Semen Iridis Mongolia name Cha Hei Leda Ge Yin-Wu Re, Yi meter Bu Ru, it is the dry mature seed of Chinese small iris section plant Chinese small iris (Iris lsctea Pall.Var.chinensis Fiscn), acrid in the mouth, sweet, property is flat, heavy, solid, puckery, dry, there is parasite killing acute diseases such as cholera and sunstroke processed, removing toxic substances helps digestion, and only has a stomachache, goes the effects such as suffering from thirst.Above-mentioned prescription is mainly got the blood sugar reducing function of Radix Rehmanniae, the nourishing synergism of Fructus Lycii, Cortex Lycii, Radix Ophiopogonis, Spica Prunellae, Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis, the effect of the maintenance the intestines and stomach of Semen Myristicae, Herba Dracocephali, Semen Iridis, makes hypoglycemic medicine be continued to use 3-4 week, thereby reaches the object of controlling or treating diabetes.
The first embodiment: get 12 parts of Fructus Lycii, 8 parts, the Radix Rehmanniae, 8 parts of Cortex Lycii, 8 parts of Radix Ophiopogonis, 15 parts of Spica Prunellaes, 4 parts of Semen Myristicaes, 3 parts of Herba Dracocephalis, 2 parts of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensiss, 4 parts of Semen Iridis.Be soaked in water more than 24 hours, leaching immersion.
Instructions of taking: with Fructus Lycii 12g, Radix Rehmanniae 8g, Cortex Lycii 8g, Radix Ophiopogonis 8g, Spica Prunellae 15g, Semen Myristicae 4g, Herba Dracocephali 3g, Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis 2g, Semen Iridis 4g, immersion is directly drunk or is made various dosage forms, two days for oral administration.
The second embodiment: preferably 15 parts of Fructus Lyciis, 10 parts, the Radix Rehmanniae, 10 parts of Cortex Lycii, 10 parts of Radix Ophiopogonis, 18 parts of Spica Prunellaes, 5 parts of Semen Myristicaes, 4 parts of Herba Dracocephalis, 3 parts of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensiss, 5 parts of Semen Iridis.
Manufacture method is: the immersion of leaching after described crude drug is soaked in water, the 100-120 DEG C of high-temperature pipe that is 1-2mm by internal diameter in 2-3 second, enters cooling tube subsequently, within 2-3 second, cools to below 60 DEG C, concentratedly makes immersion.
Instructions of taking: with Fructus Lycii 15g, Radix Rehmanniae 10g, Cortex Lycii 10g, Radix Ophiopogonis 10g, Spica Prunellae 18g, Semen Myristicae 5g, Herba Dracocephali 4g, Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis 3g, Semen Iridis 5g, immersion is directly drunk or is made various dosage forms, two days for oral administration.
The third embodiment: get 18 parts of Fructus Lycii, 12 parts, the Radix Rehmanniae, 12 parts of Cortex Lycii, 12 parts of Radix Ophiopogonis, 20 parts of Spica Prunellaes, 6 parts of Semen Myristicaes, 5 parts of Herba Dracocephalis, 4 parts of Radix Sophorae Tonkinensiss, 6 parts of Semen Iridis.
Manufacture method is: described crude drug is pulverized, in 50-60 DEG C of water, soaked 3-4 hour, squeezing leaching immersion.
Instructions of taking: with Fructus Lycii 18g, Radix Rehmanniae 12g, Cortex Lycii 12g, Radix Ophiopogonis 12g, Spica Prunellae 20g, Semen Myristicae 6g, Herba Dracocephali 5g, Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis 4g, Semen Iridis 6g, immersion is directly drunk or is made various dosage forms, two days for oral administration.
The 4th kind of embodiment: crude drug Fructus Lycii 12-18 part, Radix Rehmanniae 8-12 part, Cortex Lycii 8-12 part, Radix Ophiopogonis 8-12 part, Spica Prunellae 15-20 part, Semen Myristicae 4-6 part, Herba Dracocephali 3-5 part, Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis 2-4 part, Semen Iridis 4-6 part, pulverized 80-100 mesh sieve, with >=70% ethanol distillation extraction 2h, filtrate is put into alembic again by medicinal residues after reclaiming, add >=70% ethanol extraction 2h, get filtrate and merge rear Distillation recovery ethanol, concentrated extracting solution, obtains extractum.
The 5th kind of embodiment: crude drug Fructus Lycii 12-18 part, Radix Rehmanniae 8-12 part, Cortex Lycii 8-12 part, Radix Ophiopogonis 8-12 part, Spica Prunellae 15-20 part, Semen Myristicae 4-6 part, Herba Dracocephali 3-5 part, Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis 2-4 part, Semen Iridis 4-6 part, pulverized 80-100 mesh sieve, the n-butyl alcohol that adds 95-99% after water soaking shakes mixed shaking repeatedly, pours separatory funnel into, stratification, supernatant reclaims for subsequent use, and lower floor's medicinal liquid is poured out, and repetitive operation once, the n-butanol layer obtaining, heating Distillation recovery n-butyl alcohol, obtains extractum.
The 6th kind of embodiment: crude drug Fructus Lycii 12-18 part, Radix Rehmanniae 8-12 part, Cortex Lycii 8-12 part, Radix Ophiopogonis 8-12 part, Spica Prunellae 15-20 part, Semen Myristicae 4-6 part, Herba Dracocephali 3-5 part, Radix Sophorae Tonkinensis 2-4 part, Semen Iridis 4-6 part, soaks 2-4 hour after pulverizing, aqueous solution be to soak 2 times of slag volume, fried one semi-aqueous under minimum boiling shape with post-heating, leach and can take.
Experiment Introduction: once made great many of experiments in research process, the positive effect all obtaining.As space is limited, only introductory section zoopery and clinical experiment.
1. acute toxicity prerun
Get 4 mices for every group, from 1.25g/kg (extractum amount), start gastric infusion; After observed and recorded administration, the animal state of 2 days, then gives next dosage, until be increased to 10g/kg (be equivalent to clinical equivalent amount 80 times), then continue to observe 2 time-of-weeks.
From table 1 result, when each extract gastric infusion extractum amount reaches the 10g/kg 80-100 of clinical equivalent amount (be equivalent to doubly) in 2 weeks still without animal dead, the acute toxicity that shows each extract is very little, and the 1 routine animal dead occurring is not due to the toxicity of medicine.
Table 1 extract is to chmice acute toxicity trial test result summary sheet
2. the impact of total ethanol extract on alloxan diabetes mouse blood sugar and carbohydrate tolerance
70 of KM mices, adaptability was raised after 1 week, fasting overnight.Get 10 as normal control treated animal, tail vein injection saline; Alloxan (physiological saline solution) modeling of all the other 60 mouse tail vein injection 60mg/kg, cuts off Mouse Tail-tip after 72h, measure fasting glucose by blood glucose meter, when blood sugar concentration >=11.1mmol/L is judged to be modeling success.
One-tenth mould animal is divided into 3 groups at random by fasting blood glucose level equilibrium, is respectively model control group, positive drug metformin matched group and is subject to reagent group.Normal group and model control group gavage distilled water, positive controls gavage metformin (300mg/kg), is subject to reagent group gavage to give total extract (1000mg/kg).Each group administration every day 1 time (administration volume is 20ml/kg), successive administration 2 weeks.
The behavior sign of duration of test observed and recorded every day mice, comprises activity, feed, fur, defecation, spirit, perpendicular hair etc.; Every 3 days weigh the weight of animals once, according to adjustment dosage; Finish next day and measure fasting glucose and carbohydrate tolerance (every Mus glucose solution gavage of 20% is measured the blood glucose of 0.5h and 2h after gavage) in administration, carry out data statistic analysis, evaluate the hypoglycemic activity of ethanol extract.
From table 2, after treatment 13d, the fasting blood sugar of model group is apparently higher than blank group (P < 0.01); Metformin group, ethanol extraction group are respectively compared with model group, fasting blood sugar is all starkly lower than model group (being respectively P < 0.01 and P < 0.05), illustrate that metformin and ethanol extraction all can reduce the fasting glucose of diabetic mice by the treatment of 13 days.
When administration finishes, under model group glucose tolerance curve, area is obviously greater than blank group (P < 0.01), and metformin group, ethanol extraction group be respectively compared with model group, under glucose tolerance curve, area obviously reduces (P < 0.01).Illustrate that metformin and ethanol extraction successive administration can obviously improve the carbohydrate tolerance of diabetic mice for 13 days, the islet cell function of diabetic mice is recovered to may have facilitation.
Rising in various degree compared with the fasting blood sugar of the fasting blood sugar of each group administration 13d and self modeling 3d (before treatment).Blank group may be the stress hyperglycemia causing due to stimulability with irrigation, and three groups of modeling may be because islets of langerhans damages the carrying out property blood sugar increasing causing.
The table 2 ethanol extract administration 13 days impact on diabetic mice fasting glucose and carbohydrate tolerance
* P < 0.01vs blank;
##p < 0.01,
#p < 0.05vs model;
$ $p < 0.01,
$before P < 0.05vs treatment, compared with blank group, three treated animal weightening finishes of modeling slowly; And Drug therapy is not improved effect (in table 3) to this index of body weight.
The table 3 ethanol extract administration 13 days impact on diabetic mice body weight
* P < 0.01vs blank
3. the impact of two kinds of extracts (n-butyl alcohol extract and water extract) on alloxan diabetes mouse blood sugar and carbohydrate tolerance
100 of the clean level of KM mices, adaptability was raised after 2 weeks, fasting overnight.Reserve 10 as blank group, all the other 90 the same method modelings.
One-tenth mould animal is divided into 5 groups at random by fasting blood glucose level equilibrium, is respectively model control group, metformin group, n-butyl alcohol extract group and hydrotrope group.Blank group and model control group gavage 0.5%CMC-Na solution, metformin group gavage metformin (300mg/kg), n-butyl alcohol extract group and hydrotrope group respectively gavage are extracted extractum (1000mg/kg) accordingly.Each group administration every day 1 time, successive administration 13 days.
The behavior state of duration of test observed and recorded every day mice, finishes next day in administration and measures fasting glucose and carbohydrate tolerance, carries out data statistic analysis, evaluates the hypoglycemic activity of two kinds of extracts.
From table 4, model group compares with blank group, after treatment 13d, fasting blood sugar obviously raises (P < 0.01), and metformin group is compared with model group, and fasting blood sugar is starkly lower than model group (P < 0.05).Water extract group is compared with model group, and fasting blood sugar significantly reduces (P < 0.01).Illustrate that metformin and water extract had blood sugar reducing function to diabetic mice by the treatment of 13 days.
When administration finishes, under model group glucose tolerance curve, area is obviously greater than blank group (P < 0.01), and metformin group, n-butyl alcohol extract group is with water extract compared with model group, and under glucose tolerance curve, area obviously reduces (P < 0.05).Metformin is described, n-butyl alcohol extract and water extract successive administration can obviously improve the carbohydrate tolerance of diabetic mice for 13 days, may recover to have facilitation to the islet cell function of diabetic mice.
Two kinds of extract administrations of table 4 13 days impact on diabetic mice fasting glucose and carbohydrate tolerance
* P < 0.01vs blank; #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01vs model
4. the impact of three kinds of extracts (ethanol extract, the hydrotrope and decocting liquid) on alloxan diabetes mouse blood sugar and carbohydrate tolerance.
90 of KM kind SPF level mices, adaptability was raised after 1 week, fasting overnight.Reserve 10 as blank group, all the other 80 the same method modelings.
One-tenth mould animal is divided into 5 groups at random by fasting blood glucose level equilibrium, is respectively model control group, metformin group, ethanol extract group, decocting liquid group and hydrotrope group.Blank group and model control group gavage 0.5%CMC-Na solution, metformin group gavage metformin (300mg/kg), ethanol extract group, decocting liquid group and hydrotrope group be the corresponding extract concentrated extract of gavage (1000mg/kg) respectively.Each group administration every day 1 time, successive administration 14 days.
From table 5, model group compares with blank group, fasting blood sugar obviously raise (P < 0.01) after treatment 14d, metformin group, total ethanol extract group with water extract group compared with model group, fasting blood sugar obviously reduces (P < 0.05), illustrate by the treatment of 14 days, metformin, total ethanol extract and water extract have blood sugar reducing function to diabetic mice.Decocting liquid group also has blood sugar lowering trend compared with model group, but unknown significance difference (P > 0.05).
When administration finishes, under model group glucose tolerance curve, area is obviously greater than blank group (P < 0.01); Metformin group, total ethanol extract and decocting liquid group area unknown significance difference (P > 0.05) under glucose tolerance curve compared with model group, but have the trend reducing, can reach significance level if increase sample number; Water extract group compared with model group under glucose tolerance curve area significantly reduce (P < 0.05), illustrate that water extract successive administration can obviously reduce the carbohydrate tolerance of diabetic mice for 14 days, the islet cell function of diabetic mice is recovered to may have facilitation.
Three kinds of extract administrations of table 5 14 days impact on diabetic mice fasting glucose and carbohydrate tolerance
* P < 0.01vs blank; #P < 0.05vs model three
Comprehensive above result of the test several times, can draw to draw a conclusion:
1. acute toxicity is very little when the each extract oral administration of trial mongolian medicine, and when extractum amount reaches 10g/kg (be equivalent to clinical equivalent amount 80 times), still without animal dead, but visible central excitation symptom or maincenter suppress symptom respectively.
2. various solvent extracts all have obvious blood sugar reducing function to alloxan diabetes model mice, and wherein, ethanol extract and water extract are more outstanding to the blood sugar reducing function of alloxan diabetes model mice, and can obviously improve carbohydrate tolerance.
3. ethanol extract and water extract be in the time of 1000mg/kg dosage, with the blood sugar lowering of metformin 300mg/kg with to improve carbohydrate tolerance effect suitable, and belongs to safe dose.
Two, clinical observation
Since 2012, under voluntary prerequisite, control hyperglycemic patients 72 people with the examination of this medicine, make a definite diagnosis according to World Health Organization's diabetes diagnosis tentative standard by regular hospital.Wherein, empty stomach whole blood blood glucose exceedes diabetics 65 people of 11.1 mM/ls (200 milligrams/deciliter).Take 3 according to described dosage, blood glucose target descender reaches 38 people.Take after three weeks in hyperglycemic patients 54 people that have of whole blood blood glucose≤6.2 mM/l (120 milligrams/deciliter), blood plasma blood glucose≤6.8 mM/l (140 milligrams/deciliter) on an empty stomach, patient's private prosecution is good, and do not occur suffering from abdominal pain, having loose bowels, the phenomenon such as vomiting.