CN103356255A - 手术紧固件施加装置 - Google Patents

手术紧固件施加装置 Download PDF

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CN103356255A
CN103356255A CN2013101214037A CN201310121403A CN103356255A CN 103356255 A CN103356255 A CN 103356255A CN 2013101214037 A CN2013101214037 A CN 2013101214037A CN 201310121403 A CN201310121403 A CN 201310121403A CN 103356255 A CN103356255 A CN 103356255A
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anastomosis staple
annular array
grooving
nail
anastomosis
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CN103356255B (zh
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贾斯汀·威廉斯
克里斯托弗·彭纳
保罗·西里卡
戴维·瑞森耐特
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Covidien LP
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/11Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets for performing anastomosis; Buttons for anastomosis
    • A61B17/115Staplers for performing anastomosis in a single operation
    • A61B17/1155Circular staplers comprising a plurality of staples
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/064Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue
    • A61B17/0644Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue penetrating the tissue, deformable to closed position
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07235Stapler heads containing different staples, e.g. staples of different shapes, sizes or materials
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • A61B2017/07214Stapler heads
    • A61B2017/07257Stapler heads characterised by its anvil
    • A61B2017/07264Stapler heads characterised by its anvil characterised by its staple forming cavities, e.g. geometry or material

Abstract

本发明公开了手术紧固件施加装置。本发明提供了手术吻合器。所述吻合器包括管状主体部。钉仓组件布置在所述主体部的远侧端用于射出吻合钉的环形阵列。吻合钉的环形阵列的每个吻合钉具有大体上弯折的钉冠。布置在所述管状主体部的远侧端的砧座构件被定位成与所述钉仓组件相对以在这些吻合钉从所述钉仓组件排出时使这些吻合钉在组织中敲弯。所述砧座构件具有相应的吻合钉成形槽的环形阵列。每个槽被构造成适应吻合钉的大体上弯折的构造以有助于其成形。

Description

手术紧固件施加装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请是于2011年8月11日提交的第13/207,653号美国专利申请的部分继续申请,其要求于2010年10月1日提交的第61/388,788号美国临时申请的权益并且要求于2010年11月8日提交的第61/410,980号美国临时申请的权益,其全部内容通过引用结合在此。
技术领域
本公开涉及用于将手术紧固件或吻合钉施加到身体组织的手术吻合器械并且更具体地涉及利用弯折钉冠(backspan)吻合钉并且具有包括弯折的吻合钉成形槽的相应的砧座的手术吻合器械。
背景技术
用于将吻合钉或紧固件的环形阵列施加到组织的手术吻合装置在本领域是众所周知的。例如,此类的手术吻合装置在用端对端吻合执行小肠切除术中具有特别的实用性。这些装置典型地包括吻合钉推动器组件或构件以及在手术吻合装置的远侧端的砧座组件或构件。砧座构件能够从用于将组织定位在砧座构件与钉仓组件之间的收缩构造移动到用于连结组织(即:将管状器官的端部在待连结的患者器官的本体中吻合)的推进构造。一个或多个紧固件诸如例如吻合钉的环形或圆形阵列被可操作地容纳在钉仓组件中。砧座构件包括一个或多个相应的吻合钉成形槽构件的环形阵列,所述吻合钉成形槽构件在吻合钉从钉仓组件射出后将吻合钉敲弯或成形(例如呈“B”吻合钉结构)。通常,吻合钉包括直线的钉冠。正如可以理解的,与钉仓组件相关联的砧座槽构件和/或推动器包括相应的结构,即:大体上呈直线的结构以容纳吻合钉的直线的钉冠。
对于构造为与直线钉冠吻合钉一起使用的给定的吻合钉推动器结构,可出现在给定的吻合钉的环形阵列中的吻合钉的数量受吻合钉的钉冠的长度和钉仓组件的内侧直径和外侧直径的限制。此外,通常,吻合钉的内侧环形阵列确定在钉仓组件的吻合钉的每个附加的环形阵列(例如中间环形阵列和外环形阵列)中可出现的吻合钉的数量。也就是说,典型地,在每个环形阵列中设置相等数量的吻合钉来允许在每个连续的吻合钉之间的间隙处的一致重叠;在对于每个吻合钉的环形阵列的每个连续的吻合钉之间存在特定的间隙距离,通常的,存在于内环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉之间的最小的间隙距离和从内环形阵列到外环形阵列增加的连续的吻合钉之间的间隙距离。作为其结果,在内环形阵列和随后的环形阵列中的连续的吻合钉之间的间隙距离是不相等的。这些不相等的间隙距离不利于获得“紧密的”吻合线。也就是说,在每个吻合钉的环形阵列中的连续的吻合钉之间的相等的间隙距离可促进吻合的组织的更好愈合,这反过来导致吻合的组织线处的更少的出血和泄漏。遗憾的是,上述吻合钉的钉冠的长度被几何形状所限制以免干扰下一排吻合钉,即延伸到下一排吻合钉。作为其结果,在用常规的手术吻合装置吻合组织之后,存在发生在吻合的组织线处的,即:在外环形阵列中的吻合钉的环形阵列中的连续的吻合钉之间的邻近区域处发生出血和渗漏的可能性。或者在某些情况下,形成受损的吻合的组织线,这反过来可导致吻合的组织的分离。
发明内容
在本公开的一个方案中,手术吻合器包括:管状主体部;钉仓组件,其布置在所述主体部的远侧端用于射出吻合钉的环形阵列,吻合钉的环形阵列的每个吻合钉具有钉腿和大体上弯折的或弯曲的钉冠;以及砧座构件,其布置在所述管状主体部的远侧端并且被定位成与所述钉仓组件相对以在吻合钉从所述钉仓组件射出时使所述吻合钉在组织中卷曲,所述砧座构件具有相应的吻合钉成形槽的环形阵列,每个成形槽具有直线的构造,所述吻合钉由槽卷曲使得钉腿延伸至所述钉冠或延伸到所述钉冠之外。
在某些实施例中,所述钉仓组件包括吻合钉的内环形阵列和吻合钉的外环形阵列,并且所述砧座构件包括吻合钉成形槽的内环形阵列和吻合钉成形槽的外环形阵列。所述吻合钉的内环形阵列中的每个吻合钉的长度可以短于所述吻合钉的外环形阵列中的每个吻合钉的长度并且所述吻合钉成形槽的内环形阵列中的每个吻合钉成形槽的长度可以短于吻合钉成形槽的所述外环形阵列中的每个吻合钉成形槽的长度。吻合钉的内环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉之间的间隙可以等于吻合钉的外环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉之间的间隙并且吻合钉成形槽的内环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉成形槽之间的间隙可以等于吻合钉成形槽的外环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉成形槽之间的间隙。
吻合钉的内环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉之间的间隙可以等于吻合钉的外环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉之间的间隙并且吻合钉成形槽的内环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉成形槽之间的间隙可以等于吻合钉成形槽的外环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉成形槽之间的间隙。
在某些实施例中,吻合钉的内环形阵列和外环形阵列中的每个吻合钉的长度彼此相等并且吻合钉成形槽的内环形阵列和外环形阵列中的每个吻合钉成形槽的长度彼此相等。
在本公开的另一个方案中,手术吻合器包括:管状主体部;钉仓组件,其布置在所述主体部的远侧端用于射出吻合钉的内环形阵列和外环形阵列,所述吻合钉具有钉腿和大体上弯折的或弯曲的钉冠,其中吻合钉的外环形阵列中的吻合钉的钉冠的长度大于吻合钉的内环形阵列中的吻合钉的钉冠的长度;以及砧座构件,其布置在所述管状主体部的远侧端并且被定位成与所述钉仓组件相对以在吻合钉从所述钉仓组件射出时使所述吻合钉在组织中卷曲,所述砧座构件具有相应的吻合钉成形槽的内环形阵列和外环形阵列,每个所述吻合钉成形槽具有直线的构造,这些吻合钉由这些槽卷曲使得这些钉腿延伸到所述钉冠或延伸到所述钉冠之外。
在某些实施例中,吻合钉的内环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉之间的间隙等于吻合钉的外环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉之间的间隙并且吻合钉成形槽的内环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉成形槽之间的间隙等于吻合钉成形槽的外环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉成形槽之间的间隙。
在本公开的另一个方案中,手术吻合器包括:管状主体部;钉仓组件,其布置在所述主体部的远侧端用于射出吻合钉的第一环形阵列,吻合钉的第一环形阵列的每个吻合钉具有大体上直线的钉冠;以及砧座构件,其布置在所述管状主体部的远侧端并且被定位成与所述钉仓组件相对以在吻合钉从所述钉仓组件射出时使所述吻合钉在组织中卷曲,所述砧座构件具有相应的吻合钉成形槽的第一环形阵列,每个槽具有弯曲的或弯折的构造,使得吻合钉的所述环形阵列在其成形的过程中被卷曲到大体上直线的钉冠之外,以提供第一压缩空间。
手术吻合器可具有吻合钉的第二环形阵列和相应的吻合钉成形槽的第二环形阵列,其中所述吻合钉成形槽的第二环形阵列包括比吻合钉成形槽的第一环形阵列的深度小的深度。吻合钉的第二环形阵列的成形的吻合钉可被卷曲,以提供不同于第一压缩空间的第二压缩空间。
在另一方案中,手术吻合器包括:管状主体部;钉仓组件,其布置在所述主体部的远侧端用于射出吻合钉的第一环形阵列,吻合钉的第一环形阵列中的每个吻合钉具有大体上有角度的钉冠;以及砧座构件,其布置在所述管状主体部的远侧端并且被定位成与所述钉仓组件相对以在吻合钉从所述钉仓组件射出时使这些吻合钉在组织中敲弯,所述砧座构件具有相应的吻合钉成形槽的第一环形阵列,每个槽被构造成容纳大体上直线的构造的吻合钉以促进其成形,使得吻合钉的环形阵列在其成形的过程中被卷曲到所述大体上有角度的钉冠之外,以提供第一压缩空间。
附图说明
在下文中参照这些附图对本公开的各种实施例进行描述,其中:
图1是根据本公开的实施例的包括砧座构件和钉仓组件的手术吻合装置的立体视图;
图2是图1中描绘的砧座构件和钉仓组件的立体视图;
图3是现有技术的钉仓组件和砧座构件的立体视图;
图4是图3中描绘的放大的细节区域的立体视图;
图5是现有技术的具有直线的钉冠的吻合钉的立体视图;
图6是图1中描绘的钉仓组件和其内包含的吻合钉的阵列的平面视图;
图7是图6中描绘的吻合钉的阵列的立体视图;
图8是图2中描绘的砧座构件的平面视图;
图9是图8中描绘的放大的细节区域的平面视图;
图10是根据本公开的可选实施例的砧座构件的平面视图;
图11是图10中描绘的放大的细节区域的平面视图;
图12是现有技术的吻合钉的立体视图;
图13A是根据本公开的可选实施例的砧座构件的平面视图;
图13B是图13A中描绘的放大的细节区域的平面视图;
图14A是以成形的构造示出的图12的现有技术的吻合钉的侧视图;
图14B是图14A的成形的吻合钉的立体视图;
图15A是以成形的构造示出的图12的现有技术的吻合钉的侧视图;
图15B是图15A的成形的吻合钉的立体视图;
图16A是根据本公开的可选实施例的吻合钉的立体视图;
图16B是以成形的构造示出的图16A的吻合钉的侧视图;以及
图16C是图16B的成形的吻合钉的立体视图。
具体实施方式
在此公开了本公开的详细实施例;然而,这些公开的实施例仅仅是本公开的实例,本公开可以各种形式实施。因此,在此公开的特定结构的和功能的细节不应被理解为限制性的,而仅是作为权利要求书的基础和作为一个代表性基础来向本领域技术人员传授以事实上任何合适的细节结构以不同的方式利用本公开。
在接下来的附图和说明书中,正如传统的,术语“近侧”将是指手术器械较靠近使用者的一端,而术语“远侧”将是指手术器械较远离使用者的一端。
现在具体详细地参照这些附图,在这些附图中,在整个附图中相似的附图标记标示类似的或相同的元件,图1示出了根据本公开的实施例的手术吻合装置10(装置10)。装置10被配置为执行管状器官的环形吻合。简言之,装置10包括具有一个或多个可枢转的致动手柄构件14(在附图中示出了两个可枢转的手柄构件14)的手柄组件12。装置10包括推进装置16,所述推进装置包括被配置为使砧座构件26向钉仓组件22接近的可转动的夹持构件18。管状主体部20从手柄组件12延伸,其包括大体上弯曲的构造。在某些实施例中,主体部20也可是直线的,并且在其他实施例中可以是柔性的从而弯曲成任何构造。主体部20终止于与吻合钉24的环形阵列相关联的钉仓组件22,参见图1、图6和图7。砧座构件26被定位成与钉仓组件22相对并且通过在可操作地布置在钉仓组件22内的连接装置或结构(未明显示出)处的轴28连接到装置10。至于主体部20、推进装置16、包括手柄构件14的手柄组件12的更详细的描述,参照于1997年10月10日提交的授予Viola等人共同拥有的第5,915,616号美国专利,所述专利通过引用以其全文合并在此。例如,管状主体部20可以包括连接到轴28以及可转动的夹持构件18的轴,可转动的夹持构件18在转动时使主体部20的轴移动并且使砧座构件26与吻合钉钉仓组件22接近。吻合装置10还包括推动器构件,其具有多个用于将吻合钉推出钉仓组件22并且向砧座构件推进的指状件。枢转致动手柄构件14的移动使推动器构件移动以射出吻合钉。手柄组件12包括用于移动主体部20的轴和推动器构件的组件。例如,具有螺旋状凹槽的凸轮构件接纳夹持构件18的销使得所述夹持构件被旋转时,凸轮构件向近侧移动,使主体部20的轴移动。带螺纹的构件和其他方式可以用于致动推动器构件并且使砧座构件26朝向并且远离钉仓组件22移动。将钉仓组件构想为能去除的并且能替换的单元,使得吻合装置10可以被重新装载并且再次使用。
同样将所述装置构想为具有包括钉仓组件、砧座构件以及相关机构的能替换的端部。吻合装置10可以包括图1以及上文所述的手动致动的手柄组件或可以包括具有第一和第二驱动构件的动力驱动式致动器组件。例如,于2010年11月15日提交的其全部公开通过引用结合在此的第12/946,082号美国专利申请公开了具有动力驱动式致动器组件的手术装置。此类的致动器组件可以由电动手柄驱动。
现在参照图2、图6至图9,根据本公开的实施例的砧座构件26和钉仓组件22被示出。
钉仓组件22被配置为容纳多个吻合钉24(图1、图6和图7)。特别地,钉仓组件22包括狭槽30的环形阵列(图1和图6),所述狭槽的环形阵列被配置为容纳相应的吻合钉24的环形阵列(图6和图7)。在所展示的实施例中,存在包括狭槽30a的内环形阵列、狭槽30b的中间环形阵列和狭槽30c的外环形阵列的三个狭槽30的环形阵列(除非另外指明,在此统称为狭槽30)以及包括吻合钉24a的内环形阵列、吻合钉24b的中间环形阵列和吻合钉24c的外环形阵列的三个相应的吻合钉的环形阵列(除非另外指明,在此统称为吻合钉24),参见图6。在某些实施例中,钉仓组件22和砧座构件26可包括吻合钉和相应的狭槽的两个环形阵列。
狭槽30与多个相应的吻合钉推动器(未明显示出)对准。在某些实施例中,吻合钉推动器包括大体上弯折的构造以有助于从钉仓组件22射出吻合钉30。在其他实施例中,吻合钉推动器可被配置为其他构造,即:直线的、圆的等等。
吻合钉24可由任何适合的生物兼容性材料制成,包括但不限于手术钢、形状记忆合金、聚合物材料等等。在所展示的实施例中,吻合钉24由手术钢制成。在某些实施例中,使得一个或多个吻合钉的环形阵列(例如吻合钉24a的内环形阵列)由一种材料制成并且一个或多个吻合钉的环形阵列(例如吻合钉24b的中间环形阵列和吻合钉24c的外环形阵列)由另一不同的材料制成可被证明是有利的。
吻合钉24类似于常规的吻合钉,然而,与常规的吻合钉(图5)不同,如在图7中最佳可见的,吻合钉24包括具有大体上弯折的或有角度的构造的钉冠32。正如下面更详细描述的,吻合钉24的弯折的钉冠允许吻合钉被设置为使得在吻合钉24a的内环形阵列、吻合钉24b的中间环形阵列、以及吻合钉24c的外环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉之间的相等的或一致的间隙距离“G”是可实现的(图9)。
继续参照图7,吻合钉24的操作特征根据吻合钉24a的内环形阵列中的吻合钉24a进行描述。尽管末端可包括其他合适的构造,例如钝的、扁平的、斜面的等等,吻合钉24a包括具有大体上尖的末端的一对钉腿36a(在图7中最佳可见)。钉腿36a从钉冠32a延伸出。
钉冠32a包括大体上弯折的或弯曲的构造,其中钉冠32a的曲率半径在中部38a(图7)处最大。在中部38a处的曲率半径可被调整成适应特定的外科手术、特定的手术装置、若干吻合钉的环形阵列、制造商的构想的用途等等。吻合钉24a的弯折的钉冠32a允许吻合钉24a以每个连续的吻合钉24a之间具有最小间隙距离“G”的方式被布置在内环形阵列吻合钉24a中。也就是说,与具有直线钉冠的常规吻合钉不同,吻合钉24a的弯折的钉冠32a被配置为符合钉仓组件22的轮廓并且因此允许吻合钉24a的内环形阵列中的吻合钉24a的“更紧密的”集合(即:吻合钉的更高的密度)。此外,吻合钉24b和吻合钉24c的弯折的钉冠32b和弯折的钉冠32c分别允许这些环形阵列中的吻合钉的长度大于吻合钉24a的环形阵列中的吻合钉24a的长度。也就是说,由于相关的吻合钉24b和吻合钉24c的弯折的钉冠32b和弯折的钉冠32c,吻合钉24b和吻合钉24c的长度可以增加来适应吻合钉24a的环形阵列中的连续的吻合钉24a之间的特定的间隙距离“G”的“重叠”。例如,具体参照图7,吻合钉24a的内环形阵列中的每个吻合钉24a包括长度“A”并且吻合钉24a的内环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉24a之间的间隙等于间隙“G”。吻合钉24b的中间环形阵列中的吻合钉24b的长度包括大于吻合钉24a的长度“A”的长度“B”,并且吻合钉24b的中间环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉24b之间的间隙等于间隙“G”(参见图7)。吻合钉24c的外环形阵列中的吻合钉24c的长度包括大于对应的吻合钉24a和24b的长度“A”和长度“B”的长度“C”,并且吻合钉24c的外环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉24c之间的间隙等于间隙“G”(参见图7)。
正如可以理解的,吻合钉24a-24c的“更紧密的”集合允许吻合钉“嵌套”并且因此在与具有直线的钉冠的吻合钉相比较时,对于给定的钉仓组件22来说吻合钉相对于彼此更紧密地组合在一起。吻合钉24a-24c的这种“嵌套的”构造在与具有直线的钉冠的吻合钉相比较时提供了吻合钉24a的增加的内侧直径。
现在参照图8和图9,砧座构件26包括相应的吻合钉成形槽40的环形阵列,其包括吻合钉成形槽40a的内环形阵列、槽40b的中间环形阵列以及槽40c的外环形阵列。与常规的吻合钉成形槽(图3和图4)不同,每个吻合钉成形槽40a、40b和40c被配置为适应相应的吻合钉24a、24b和24c的大体弯折的构造,以有助于其成形。为了这个目的,槽40a、40b和40c各自包括大体上弯折的或弯曲的构造并且与在其内的对应的吻合钉24a、24b和24c成比例使得吻合钉24a、24b和24c在其形成时具有大体“B”构造。吻合钉成形槽40a、40b和40c的曲率半径在中部38a处最大以与相应的吻合钉24a、24b和24c的曲率半径匹配。
继续参照图8和图9,吻合钉成形槽40a的内环形阵列中的吻合钉成形槽40a的尺寸基本上等于相应的吻合钉24a的尺寸。特别地,吻合钉成形槽40a比吻合钉24a稍大以有助于使吻合钉24a成形成“B”形状。吻合钉成形槽40a的内环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉成形槽40a之间的间隙等于间隙“G1”。在所展示的实施例中,作为吻合钉成形槽40a大于吻合钉24a的结果,图示的间隙“G1”小于间隙“G”。可选地,并且在某些实施例中,间隙“G1”可等于间隙“G”。类似地,吻合钉成形槽40b和40c的中间和外环形阵列中的吻合钉成形槽40b和40c的尺寸基本上等于相应的吻合钉24b和24c的中间和外环形阵列中的吻合钉24b和24c的尺寸。每个连续的吻合钉成形槽40b和40c之间的间隙等于每个连续的吻合钉成形槽40a之间的间隙“G1”,参见图9。
在使用中,组织(例如管状器官的一部分)被定位在砧座构件26与钉仓组件22之间。推进装置16的可转动的夹持构件18被致动以使砧座构件26接近钉仓组件22。手柄14可被枢转以驱动或射出相对于砧座构件26穿过组织的吻合钉24来完成管状器官的环形吻合。
根据本公开,依靠吻合钉24a、24b和24c的内、中间和外环形阵列中的连续的吻合钉24a、24b和24c之间的一致的间隙“G”,成形的吻合钉24a、24b和24c的环形阵列形成“紧密的”吻合线,并且发生在吻合钉24a、24b和24c的内、中间和外环形阵列中的连续的吻合钉24a、24b和24c之间的流血或泄漏的可能性减小(如果其没有消除的话)。吻合钉24a、24b和24c与相应的吻合钉成形槽40a、40b和40c的独特的弯折的构造克服了前述的通常与常规的手术吻合装置相关联的缺陷。也就是说,常规的手术吻合装置的对应的内、中间和外环形阵列中的连续的吻合钉成形槽之间的间隙“g1”、“g2”和“g3”(图3和图4)从内环形阵列向外环形阵列增加,即:“g1”<“g2”<“g3”;正如可以理解的,在组织中成形的吻合钉将彼此间隔开一定距离,所述距离对应于吻合钉成形槽的的间隙距离“g1”、“g2”和“g3”。如上所述,这些“不相等的”间隙距离不利于获得“紧密的”吻合线。
从上述各种附图并且参照这些附图,本领域的技术人员将理解还可以对本公开作出不偏离其范围的某些修改。例如,尽管吻合钉24a、24b和24c与相应的吻合钉成形槽40a、40b和40c在此已经描述成具有不同的长度,但是在本公开的范围内吻合钉24a、24b和24c与相应的吻合钉成形槽40a、40b和40c可具有相同的长度(图10和图11)。在这个实施例中,吻合钉(未明显示出)与包括吻合钉成形槽140a-140c的内、中间和外环形阵列的相应的吻合钉成形槽140具有相同的长度。在图10和图11中所展示的实施例中,在吻合钉成形槽140a的内环形阵列、吻合钉成形槽140b的中间环形阵列和吻合钉成形槽140c的外环形阵列中示出了相同数量的吻合钉成形槽140。在不需要“紧密的”吻合线的地方这个实施例可证明是有利的。
然而,在需要“紧密的”吻合线的实例中,吻合钉和相应的吻合钉成形槽140b-140c的独特的弯折的钉冠允许在吻合钉和相应的吻合钉成形槽140b-140c的中间和外环形阵列中提供一个或多个额外的吻合钉(或更大的吻合钉)和相应的吻合钉成形槽140b-140c。也就是说,对于给定的钉仓组件和砧座,吻合钉和相应的吻合钉成形槽140b-140c的几何形状(例如弯折的钉冠)分别符合钉仓组件和砧座的轮廓,并且作为其结果,允许在吻合钉成形槽140b的环形阵列中提供额外的吻合钉和吻合钉成形槽140b而不妨碍吻合钉和吻合钉成形槽140c。并且同样允许在吻合钉成形槽140c的环形阵列中提供额外的吻合钉和吻合钉成形槽140c而不妨碍或延伸进入钉仓组件和砧座的外围边缘。额外的吻合钉和吻合钉成形槽140a-140c可以被提供以使在连续的吻合钉和吻合钉成形槽140a-140c之间的间隙充分重叠。
参照图12至图15B所展示的吻合钉和吻合钉成形槽的可选的实施例分别表示为224(图12)和240(图13A和图13B)。在此仅讨论那些属于吻合钉224和吻合钉成形槽240的特征。
在图12至图15B中所显示的实施例中,吻合钉224和吻合钉成形槽240可被利用以提供具有用于压缩组织的不同内部空间的成形的吻合钉,以实现在吻合后的组织段中所期望的止血和血流的期望程度。在一个特别的实施例中,例如,吻合钉224a的内环形排(吻合钉224a)可提供用于吻合组织的比吻合钉224b的外环形排(吻合钉224b)更大的压缩空间(图14A和图14B),参见图15A和图15B。换言之,处于成形构造的吻合钉224b对吻合后的组织提供比处于成形构造的吻合钉224a更大的压缩力。因此,因为在由吻合钉224b吻合的组织上施加的压力大于在由吻合钉224a吻合的组织上施加的压力,所以通过围绕吻合钉224b的组织的血流将比通过围绕吻合钉224a的组织的血流少(更受限制),由此进一步有助于止血。然而,因为没有完全地限制血流通过由吻合钉224b吻合的组织,改善了血液灌流并且可防止和/或阻止吻合后的组织的非必要的坏死。
吻合钉224a和224b包括从钉冠232a、232b延伸出的对应的吻合钉钉腿236a(图14A至图14B)和236b(图15A至图15B)。在图12至图15B中所展示的实施例中,吻合钉钉腿236a和236b具有彼此相同的长度,并且钉冠232a、232b包括“直线的”构造以有助于在吻合钉成形槽240a、240b中使吻合钉224a、224b成形(图13A和图13B)。
参见图13A和图13B,在此根据吻合钉成形槽240a的内环形排(槽240a)和吻合钉成形槽240b的外环形排(槽240b)描述吻合钉成形槽240。正如可以理解的,可利用更多或更少排的槽240。
槽240a和240b各自被配置为在其内接纳相应的吻合钉224a和224b以使吻合钉224a和224b成形。槽240a和240b包括有角度的构造以有助于使对应的吻合钉224a和224b成形。然而,不同于前面描述的吻合钉成形槽,槽240a包括与槽240b的深度不同的深度以有助于使吻合钉224a和224b在不同的压缩空间下成形。例如,并且在一个特别的实施例中,槽240a包括大于槽240b的深度的深度以使吻合钉224a在大于吻合钉224b的压缩空间“CS2”(图15A)的压缩空间“CS1”(图14A)下成形。具体地,具有不同的深度的有角度的槽240a、240b与含有对应的直线的钉冠232a、232b和具有相同长度的钉腿236a、236b的吻合钉224a、224b相结合允许吻合钉224a、224b在不同的压缩空间下成形,例如参见图14B和图15B。也就是说,吻合钉224a、224b和槽240a、240b的这种特定的组合允许吻合钉224b被卷曲超出钉冠232b之外(图15A至图15B)以提供比由吻合钉224a提供的压缩空间“CS1”小的压缩空间“CS2”,使得由吻合钉224b吻合的组织处在比由吻合钉224a吻合的组织更大的压力下。以此方式,钉冠不妨碍吻合钉的钉腿的变形,并且可以改变卷曲的程度。吻合钉可以由这些槽卷曲从而使得吻合钉的钉腿延伸至或超出钉冠之外而没有来自钉冠的妨碍。
在某些实施例中,使吻合钉224a对吻合后的组织比吻合钉224b施加更大的压力可证明是有利的。在这个实施例中,槽240a将包括比槽240b的深度更小的深度。
在某些实施例中,每个吻合钉224a、224b各自可被卷曲到超出对应的钉冠232a、232b之外。例如,槽240a可具有被配置为使吻合钉224a卷曲到钉冠232a之外的深度使得由其提供的压缩空间大于或小于由吻合钉224b提供的压缩空间。
在一个特别的实施例中,槽240a、240b可具有相同的深度并且吻合钉钉腿236a、236b可具有不同的长度以获得前述的压缩空间。本领域的技术人员将理解在吻合钉224a和224b成形时将需要多种吻合钉钉腿236a、236b的长度来获得特定的压缩的空间。
在某些实施例中,推进装置16的操作、推动器构件的操作或两者的操作可以被利用以改变吻合钉变形或卷曲的程度。例如,通过使砧座构件更紧密地与钉仓组件接近,吻合钉在相对更小的内部空间下被卷曲并且组织被压缩至更大的程度。可选的,推动器构件可以进一步被推进,进一步使吻合钉卷曲或变形。令人期望地,存在在吻合装置手柄组件12上的指示器,所述指示器允许外科医生测量吻合钉将卷曲的程度。可变的卷曲能够用在在此公开的任何实施例中,包括使用不同尺寸的(预变形)吻合钉、使用相同尺寸的吻合钉、使用弯折的或弯曲的钉冠、和/或使用弯折的或弯曲的吻合钉成形槽的实施例。
在一些实施例中,如在图16A至图16C中所展示的实施例中,槽(未明显显示)可具有大体上直线的构造并且吻合钉324可包括具有大体上有角度的构造的钉冠332以有助于使吻合钉324卷曲到钉冠332之外。以此方式,钉冠不妨碍吻合钉的钉腿的变形或卷曲。吻合钉可以由这些槽卷曲使得钉腿延伸至或超出钉冠之外而没有来自钉冠的妨碍。在一个特别的实施例中,例如,成形的吻合钉324a在钉腿336a从有角度的钉冠332a延伸出的情况下可提供与压缩空间“CS1”类似的压缩空间(图16B)并且成形的吻合钉324b在钉腿336b从有角度的钉冠332b延伸出的情况下可提供与压缩空间“CS2”类似的压缩空间(图16C)。槽的直线的构造可以与在此公开的任何实施例一起使用,包括使吻合钉的卷曲或变形程度改变的吻合装置以及使用不同尺寸(预变形)的吻合钉或使用相同尺寸的吻合钉的实施例。
同样可以想到的是,吻合装置可被构造为施加三排吻合钉,并且在此公开的任何实施例中吻合钉可具有在钉冠中的多于一个的弯折或具有不规则的弯曲的钉冠(即:具有多于一个半径)。
虽然本公开的多个实施例已经在附图中显示,但是本公开不旨在限制这些实施例,而是旨在本公开与本领域将允许的范围一样宽并且同样地领会本说明书。因此,上面的描述不应该被解释为限制,而仅仅解释为特别实施例的实例。本领域的技术人员将设想本发明的随附的权利要求书的范围和精神内的其他修改。

Claims (11)

1.一种手术吻合器,包括:
管状主体部;
钉仓组件,其布置在所述主体部的远侧端用于射出吻合钉的环形阵列,吻合钉的环形阵列中的每个吻合钉具有钉腿和大体上弯折的或弯曲的钉冠;以及
砧座构件,其布置在所述管状主体部的远侧端并且被定位成与所述钉仓组件相对以在从所述钉仓组件射出吻合钉时使所述吻合钉在组织中卷曲,所述砧座构件具有相应的吻合钉成形槽的环形阵列,每个吻合钉成形槽具有直线的构造,所述吻合钉由所述吻合钉成形槽卷曲使得所述钉腿延伸至所述钉冠或超出所述钉冠之外。
2.根据权利要求1所述的手术吻合器,其中所述钉仓组件包括吻合钉的内环形阵列和吻合钉的外环形阵列,并且所述砧座构件包括吻合钉成形槽的内环形阵列和吻合钉成形槽的外环形阵列。
3.根据权利要求2所述的手术吻合器,其中吻合钉的所述内环形阵列中的每个吻合钉的长度短于吻合钉的所述外环形阵列中的每个吻合钉的长度并且吻合钉成形槽的所述内环形阵列中的每个吻合钉成形槽的长度短于吻合钉成形槽的所述外环形阵列中的每个吻合钉成形槽的长度。
4.根据权利要求3所述的手术吻合器,其中吻合钉的所述内环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉之间的间隙等于吻合钉的所述外环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉之间的间隙并且吻合钉成形槽的所述内环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉成形槽之间的间隙等于吻合钉成形槽的所述外环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉成形槽之间的间隙。
5.根据权利要求3所述的手术吻合器,其中吻合钉的内环形阵列和外环形阵列中的每个吻合钉的长度彼此相等并且吻合钉成形槽的内环形阵列和外环形阵列中的每个吻合钉成形槽的长度彼此相等。
6.一种手术吻合器,包括:
管状主体部;
钉仓组件,其布置在所述主体部的远侧端用于射出吻合钉的内环形阵列和外环形阵列,所述吻合钉具有钉腿和大体上弯折的或弯曲的钉冠,其中吻合钉的所述外环形阵列中的吻合钉的钉冠的长度大于吻合钉的所述内环形阵列中的吻合钉的钉冠的长度;以及
砧座构件,其布置在所述管状主体部的远侧端并且被定位成与所述钉仓组件相对以在吻合钉从所述钉仓组件射出时使所述吻合钉在组织中卷曲,所述砧座构件具有相应的吻合钉成形槽的内环形阵列和外环形阵列,每个吻合钉成形槽具有直线的构造,所述吻合钉由所述吻合钉成形槽卷曲使得所述钉腿延伸至所述钉冠或超出所述钉冠之外。
7.根据权利要求6所述的手术吻合器,其中吻合钉的所述内环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉之间的间隙等于吻合钉的所述外环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉之间的间隙并且吻合钉成形槽的内环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉成形槽之间的间隙等于吻合钉成形槽的所述外环形阵列中的每个连续的吻合钉成形槽之间的间隙。
8.一种手术吻合器,包括:
管状主体部;
钉仓组件,其布置在所述主体部的远侧端用于射出吻合钉的第一环形阵列,吻合钉的所述第一环形阵列中的每个吻合钉具有大体上直线的钉冠;以及
砧座构件,其布置在所述管状主体部的远侧端并且被定位成与所述钉仓组件相对以在所述吻合钉从所述钉仓组件射出时使所述吻合钉在组织中卷曲,所述砧座构件具有相应的吻合钉成形槽的第一环形阵列,每个吻合钉成形槽具有弯曲的或弯折的构造,使得吻合钉的环形阵列在其成形的过程中被卷曲到所述大体上直线的钉冠之外,以提供第一压缩空间。
9.根据权利要求8所述的手术吻合器,还包括吻合钉的第二环形阵列和相应的吻合钉成形槽的第二环形阵列,其中吻合钉成形槽的所述第二环形阵列包括比吻合钉成形槽的所述第一环形阵列的深度小的深度。
10.根据权利要求所述9的手术吻合器,其中吻合钉的所述第二环形阵列的成形的吻合钉被卷曲,以提供与所述第一压缩空间不同的第二压缩空间。
11.一种手术吻合器,包括:
管状主体部;
钉仓组件,其布置在所述主体部的远侧端用于射出吻合钉的第一环形阵列,吻合钉的所述第一环形阵列中的每个吻合钉具有大体上有角度的钉冠;以及
砧座构件,其布置在所述管状主体部的远侧端并且被定位成与所述钉仓组件相对以在所述吻合钉从所述钉仓组件射出时使所述吻合钉在组织中敲弯,所述砧座构件具有相应的吻合钉成形槽的第一环形阵列,每个吻合钉成形槽被构造成适应吻合钉的大体上直线的构造以有助于其成形,使得吻合钉的所述环形阵列在其成形的过程中被卷曲到所述大体上有角度的钉冠之外,以提供第一压缩空间。
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