CN103349021A - Crop gray mold prevention and treatment agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a crop gray mold prevention and treatment agent, which takes an extract of a leaf of cattail as a raw material. The extract comprises a preservative. According to the agent, the leaf of the cattail is taken as the raw material; the extract can be obtained by decocting or juicing, then is sprayed onto crops after diluted with water, and can exert a prevention function when the crops are not attacked, and exert a good treatment function when the crops are attacked; a cure rate reaches 100% according to a field test; the agent not only can prevent and treat gray mold, but also has an obvious preventive effect on other fungus diseases; and in addition, the leaf of the cattail is a wild vegetable, and can be eaten, so that the problem of pesticide residue cannot occur in actual use.

Description

A kind of crop gray mold control medicament and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to Crop gray mold Prevention Technique field, especially a kind of crop gray mold control medicament and preparation method thereof.

Background technology

Gray mold is the common and relatively more difficult a kind of fungal disease prevented and treated of open country, protection ground crop; belong to low temperature and high relative humidity type disease; caused by Botrytis cinerea that mainly it is the high-incidence season when above that this pathogen continues 90% in 20～30 ℃ of temperature, humidity, can encroach on colored, really, leaf, stem etc.When Chinese olive was injured, residual column cap or petal are many to be infected first, and backward fruit expansion causes pericarp to be canescence, and the mould layer of thick grey is arranged; In blade when morbidity, is from blade tip, along inwardly expansion between vein.When this disease occurs, if prevent and treat untimelyly, can cause the large tracts of land of crop to catch an illness, cause the underproduction, finally cause the serious economic loss at plantation family.

People are in order to prevent gray mold, the multipath integrated control that general employing is made of cultural control, chemical control and biological control, comprise: comprise the methods such as seed sterilization, empty canopy sterilization, rational close planting, cleaning rural area in the cultural control, chemical control comprises that medicines such as using phonetic mould amine, procymidone tmtd spray, and biological control comprises that gram trichoderma harzianum, organosilicon etc. spray.

In above-mentioned three kinds of modes, cultural control belongs to complementary method, the route of transmission of the isolated pathogen of its main purpose, Initiative defence is mainly carried out in chemical control when morbidity, biological control belongs to the emerging method of preventing and treating, thus chemical control or the main method of using, but use in a large number chemical agent, can cause the medicament residue in the crop, and effect not fine.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide environmental protection, noresidue, control efficiency good a kind of crop gray mold control medicament.

The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

A kind of crop gray mold control medicament, it is characterized in that: its raw material is the extract of the stem or leaf of cattail.

And, comprise preservative in the described extract.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of crop gray mold control medicament, it is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:

⑴ be cut into the stem or leaf of cattail hay of harvesting 15～30 centimetres section;

⑵ be added to the water the hay of segment and decoct;

⑶ after the cooling, the filtering residue is namely made extract.

And, add preservative behind the described filtering residue.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of crop gray mold control medicament, it is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:

⑴ the bright grass chopping that will gather in;

⑵ squeeze the juice in the bright careless adding equipment that will shred;

⑶ filter solidliquid mixture, namely makes extract behind the filtering residue.

And, add preservative behind the described filtering residue.

Another object of the present invention provides a kind of using method of crop gray mold control medicament, it is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:

⑴ mix extract with water, be prepared into spray;

⑵ spray later in the sunny date at 3 in afternoon;

⑶ during treatment, remove sick fruit, sprayed once in per three days, spraying continuously three times is a course for the treatment of;

⑷ after the treatment at set intervals repeating step ⑶ with the after treatment effect.

Another object of the present invention provides the application of a kind of stem or leaf of cattail extract in the control of crop gray mold.

Advantage of the present invention and good effect are:

Among the present invention, take the stem or leaf of cattail as raw material, can be by decocting to obtain extract, also can be by the acquisition extract of squeezing the juice, then with the spraying of the laggard row crop of extract dilute with water, when not falling ill, crop can play the effect of prevention, crop can play good therapeutic action during morbidity, through field trial, cure rate reaches 100%, except can preventing and treating gray mold, other fungal disease also there is obvious preventive effect, and the stem or leaf of cattail is wild vegetable, and it is edible, so can not occur the problem of medicament residue in actual the use.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further described, and following embodiment is illustrative, is not determinate, can not limit protection scope of the present invention with following embodiment.

A kind of crop gray mold control medicament, innovation of the present invention is: its raw material is the extract of the stem or leaf of cattail, for long-term storage, to guarantee drug effect, also can add preservative in extract.

This extract can be made by the hay of the stem or leaf of cattail, also can be made by the bright grass of the stem or leaf of cattail, and the below describes respectively:

1. take the hay of the stem or leaf of cattail as raw material

This preparation method may further comprise the steps:

⑴ collect the stem or leaf of cattail hay of harvesting after frost occurs, then is cut into 15～30 centimetres section;

⑵ decoct in the water with 10 times of weight of hay adding of segment, the little fire of the rear continuation of boiling decocted 20 minutes;

⑶ after naturally place cooling, the filtering residue, the potassium sorbate that adds liquid weight 0.3 ‰ is namely made extract.

2. take the bright grass of the stem or leaf of cattail as raw material

This preparation method may further comprise the steps:

⑴ with the bright grass chopping of the stem or leaf of cattail of harvesting in 7～August;

⑵ squeeze the juice in the bright careless adding equipment that will shred;

⑶ filter solidliquid mixture, the filtering residue, and the potassium sorbate that adds liquid weight 0.3 ‰ is namely made extract.

Embodiment 1

Choose 30 mu of ground of plantation strawberry, be divided into two groups, every group 10 mu, 10 mu of called after A wherein, other 10 mu of called after B, other 10 mu of called after C, formation, the acid-base value of the soil of A, B and C are identical, the temperature of region of living in, humidity, wind-force, illumination are all identical, and the water source is identical, and the field adopts same way as to clear up.

The strawberry cultivars of planting among A, B and the C is identical, and the density of plant is identical with management method.

A uses medicament of the present invention, and B uses the traditional chemical medicament, and C does not use any medicament.

Among the A: take the bright grass of the stem or leaf of cattail as raw material, use by the following method:

⑴ mix the ratio of extract take weight ratio as 10:1 with water, be prepared into spray;

⑵ after at 3 in afternoon, use electrostatic atomiser to carry out the complete stool spraying in the sunny date, and every mu of consumption is 50 kilograms;

⑶ when spraying, remove sick fruit, spraying in per three days is once sprayed continuously and is finished a course for the treatment of three times, uses after three courses for the treatment of the gray mold on the strawberry to cure serious sick body incrustation or disappearance fully;

⑷ after the treatment every one to two month repeating step ⑶ once with the after treatment effect.

Through the test in 2 years, gray mold obtained preventing completely and treating.

Among the B: spray by intelligent how rich 1500 times of liquid of conventional method use 20% and 50% the clean 600 times of liquid of grey mold speed, cure rate about 90%, recurrence rate is higher.

Among the C: do not spray any medicament, drop in production over a large area, the total crop failure of part field.

Embodiment 2

Choose 30 mu of booths of plantation tomato, be divided into two groups, every group 10 mu, 10 mu of called after A wherein, other 10 mu of called after B, other 10 mu of called after C, formation, the acid-base value of the soil of A, B and C are identical, the temperature of region of living in, humidity, wind-force, illumination are all identical, and the water source is identical, and booth adopts same way as to clear up.

Among the A in the cure rate 100%, 2 year gray mold obtained preventing completely and treating.

Cure rate about 93% among the B, and recurrence rate is higher.

Drop in production over a large area the total crop failure of part field among the C.

Embodiment 3

Choose 30 mu of booths of plantation balsam pear, be divided into two groups, every group 10 mu, 10 mu of called after A wherein, other 10 mu of called after B, other 10 mu of called after C, formation, the acid-base value of the soil of A, B and C are identical, the temperature of region of living in, humidity, wind-force, illumination are all identical, and the water source is identical, and booth adopts same way as to clear up.

Among the A in the cure rate 100%, 2 year gray mold obtained preventing completely and treating.

Cure rate about 92% among the B, and recurrence rate is higher.

Drop in production over a large area the total crop failure of part field among the C.

Embodiment 4

Choose 30 mu of booths of plantation eggplant, be divided into two groups, every group 10 mu, 10 mu of called after A wherein, other 10 mu of called after B, other 10 mu of called after C, formation, the acid-base value of the soil of A, B and C are identical, the temperature of region of living in, humidity, wind-force, illumination are all identical, and the water source is identical, and booth adopts same way as to clear up.

Among the A in the cure rate 100%, 2 year gray mold obtained preventing completely and treating.

Cure rate about 91% among the B, and recurrence rate is higher.

Drop in production over a large area the total crop failure of part field among the C.

Among the present invention, take the stem or leaf of cattail as raw material, can be by decocting to obtain extract, also can be by the acquisition extract of squeezing the juice, then with the spraying of the laggard row crop of extract dilute with water, when not falling ill, crop can play the effect of prevention, crop can play good therapeutic action during morbidity, through field trial, cure rate reaches 100%, except can preventing and treating gray mold, other fungal disease also there is obvious preventive effect, and the stem or leaf of cattail is wild vegetable, and it is edible, so can not occur the problem of medicament residue in actual the use.

Claims (7)

1. a crop gray mold is prevented and treated medicament, and it is characterized in that: its raw material is the extract of the stem or leaf of cattail.

2. a kind of crop gray mold control medicament according to claim 1 is characterized in that: comprise preservative in the described extract.

3. a kind of crop gray mold according to claim 2 is prevented and treated the preparation method of medicament, it is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:

⑴ be cut into the stem or leaf of cattail hay of harvesting 15～30 centimetres section;

⑵ be added to the water the hay of segment and decoct;

⑶ after the cooling, the filtering residue is namely made extract.

4. a kind of crop gray mold according to claim 2 is prevented and treated the preparation method of medicament, it is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:

⑴ the bright grass chopping that will gather in;

⑵ squeeze the juice in the bright careless adding equipment that will shred;

⑶ filter solidliquid mixture, namely makes extract behind the filtering residue.

5. it is characterized in that: add preservative behind the described filtering residue according to claim 3 or the preparation method of 4 described a kind of crop gray molds control medicaments.

6. the using method of a kind of crop gray mold control medicament according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:

⑴ mix extract with water, be prepared into spray;

⑵ spray later in the sunny date at 3 in afternoon;

⑶ during treatment, remove sick fruit, sprayed once in per three days, spraying continuously three times is a course for the treatment of;

⑷ after the treatment at set intervals repeating step ⑶ with the after treatment effect.

7. the application of stem or leaf of cattail extract in the control of crop gray mold.