CN103329222A - 粘结磁体以及搭载有该粘结磁体的电动机 - Google Patents

粘结磁体以及搭载有该粘结磁体的电动机 Download PDF

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CN103329222A
CN103329222A CN2012800059269A CN201280005926A CN103329222A CN 103329222 A CN103329222 A CN 103329222A CN 2012800059269 A CN2012800059269 A CN 2012800059269A CN 201280005926 A CN201280005926 A CN 201280005926A CN 103329222 A CN103329222 A CN 103329222A
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堤慎一
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Abstract

本发明的粘结磁体至少具备磁体粉末和粘结剂;磁体粉末和粘结剂的混合比例具有如下构成:磁体粉末为98质量%以上,粘结剂为超过0质量%且2质量%以下。由此,能够得到磁特性高且具有高耐热性的粘结磁体。

Description

粘结磁体以及搭载有该粘结磁体的电动机
技术领域
本发明涉及具有高耐热性的粘结磁体以及搭载有该粘结磁体的电动机。
背景技术
以往,这种粘结磁体记载于例如专利文献1中。
以下,对专利文献1中记载的粘结磁体的制造方法进行说明。
首先,将粉碎成规定粒径的稀土磁性粉末与粘结剂混合。接着,将混合后的稀土磁性粉末和粘结剂压缩成型为规定的形状。由此,制成粘结磁体。
此时,粘结剂是将热固性树脂、和具有比热固性树脂的固化温度高例如10℃~20℃的熔融温度的热塑性树脂混合而构成的。
另外,将稀土磁性粉末、与构成粘结剂的热固性树脂和热塑性树脂的混合比例设为:“稀土磁性粉末”为80~96质量%、热固性树脂为2~15质量%、热塑性树脂为5质量%以下(但是不包括零)。
由此,能够提高粘结磁体的耐热性以及改善尺寸精度。需要说明的是,耐热性是指对于由热导致的磁力降低的耐性。
然而,例如搭载于汽车发动机室附近的电动机的情况下,电动机中,通常将发动机的发热和电动机自身发热加在一起算。因此,要求近150℃的耐热性,对于电动机中使用的粘结磁体要求更进一步的耐热性的提高。
另外,专利文献1中公开的现有的粘结磁体的剩余磁通密度存在如下问题:由于包含至少4质量%的粘结剂,即使在设粘结剂的比重为1、稀土磁体粉末的比重为7.6的没有空隙的真密度的情况下,相对于稀土磁体粉末100%的磁力,有大约25%程度的磁力降低。
现有专利技术
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2010-114333号公报
发明内容
用于解决问题的方案
本发明的粘结磁体至少具备磁体粉末和粘结剂;磁体粉末和粘结剂的混合比例具有如下构成:磁体粉末为98质量%以上,粘结剂为超过0质量%且2质量%以下。由此,能够得到磁特性高和具有高耐热性的粘结磁体。
发明的效果
另外,本发明的电动机是上述组成的粘结磁体搭载于转子或定子而构成的。由此,能够得到即便在高温下特性降低也小的电动机。
附图说明
图1为表示本实施方式中的粘结磁体的、剩余磁通密度和去磁系数相对于树脂量的关系的图。
具体实施方式
以下,对于本发明的实施方式的粘结磁体转子以及搭载有该粘结磁体转子的电动机,参照附图进行说明。需要说明的是,本发明不受本实施方式的限定。
(实施方式)
以下,对于本发明实施方式中的粘结磁体进行说明。
本实施方式的粘结磁体是将至少混合有98质量%以上的稀土磁体粉末、超过0质量%且2质量%以下的粘结剂而成的组合物进行压缩成型,以例如圆筒状等形状形成而构成的。构成粘结磁体的稀土磁体粉末由例如:Nd-Fe-B系、Sm-Fe-N系或Sm-Co系单独形成或者由它们的混合物形成。此时,为了防止稀土磁体粉末的氧化,通过例如:乙基三甲氧基硅烷、三甲氧基硅烷、甲基二乙氧基硅烷、三乙氧基硅烷、丙基三甲氧基硅烷、丙基三甲氧基硅烷、丙基三乙氧基硅烷、三甲氧基硅烷、三乙氧基硅烷、丙基胺、三甲氧基硅烷等偶联剂进行表面处理。
另外,构成粘结磁体的粘结剂是将至少例如环氧树脂等热固性树脂、和含有例如聚酰胺树脂等的热塑性树脂按照规定的比例配合而构成的。
需要说明的是,稀土磁体粉末小于98质量%时,粘结磁体的磁特性降低。另外,粘结剂超过2质量%时,由于粘结磁体的剩余磁化强度(Br)降低、去磁系数増加而导致耐热性降低,因此不优选。
根据本实施方式,通过以规定的混合比例构成粘结磁体,能够得到最大磁能积((BH)max)、剩余磁通密度(Br)、矫顽力(Hcj)等磁特性高、高温下的去磁系数的増加小的、耐热性优异的粘结磁体。
另外,通过将上述粘结磁体压缩成型为例如圆筒状等规定的形状,制作转子或定子并构成电动机。由此,能够得到即使在汽车的发动机室等高温环境下特性降低也小的电动机。
以下,对于本发明实施方式中的粘结磁体和电动机的制造方法的一例进行说明。
首先,将用偶联剂进行过表面处理的占整体98质量%以上的稀土磁体粉末、与树脂溶液进行混炼而制作混合物,所述树脂溶液包含至少构成粘结剂中的一者的例如丙酮等溶剂和环氧树脂等热固性树脂。之后,以溶剂丙酮蒸发的温度将混合物干燥。
接着,将构成粘结剂中的另一者的例如聚酰胺树脂等热塑性树脂以热塑性树脂不熔融程度的温度混合至上述混合物中。接着,混合作为热固性树脂的固化剂的例如固化起始温度为170℃的咪唑系固化剂,制作粘结磁体用树脂组合物。此时,构成粘结剂的热固性树脂和热塑性树脂的总量设为超过0质量%且2质量%以下。需要说明的是,只要粘结剂的总量在上述范围内,热固性树脂量和热塑性树脂量的比率可以根据所需要的特性任意地组合。
接着,将上述粘结磁体用树脂组合物加热到构成粘结剂的热固性树脂、热塑性树脂熔融的温度,使用例如模具等压缩成型为圆筒状、圆柱状、圆盘状等所希望的形状,制作生坯体。
接着,将制作的生坯体加热进行热固化,形成粘结磁体。
接着,将使用上述制造方法制作的粘结磁体形成为转子或定子的形状,进行搭载而制作电动机。
需要说明的是,本实施方式中,作为热固性树脂以环氧树脂为例进行了说明,但不限于此。也可以使用例如:酚醛树脂、不饱和聚酯树脂等树脂。
另外,本实施方式中,作为热塑性树脂以聚酰胺树脂为例进行了说明,但不限于此。也可以使用例如:聚偏二氯乙烯树脂、聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂等。
另外,本实施方式中,作为磁体粉末以稀土磁体粉末为例进行了说明,但不限于此。也可以使用例如:铁氧体等磁体粉末。
实施例
以下,对本发明的实施例进行说明。需要说明的是,本发明并不限定于以下的实施例,在不改变本发明主旨的范围内,可以将使用的材料等进行变更而实施。
(实施例1)
首先,将熔点75℃左右的、常温下为固体的酚醛(novolak)系固体环氧树脂0.24质量%与丙酮等溶剂混合而制作树脂溶液。
接着,将混合的树脂溶液与99质量%的Nd-Fe-B系稀土磁体粉末使用例如捏合机等混炼机进行湿式混合而制作混合物。
接着,使制作的混合物中的溶剂成分在80℃下干燥60分钟后,使用粉碎机进行粗粉碎。之后,将粉碎的、粉末状的作为热塑性树脂的聚酰胺树脂0.75质量%和内部润滑剂在混合器等中进行混合,连续地投入到加热至例如140℃的热辊间隙中,进行10分钟混炼从而制作混炼物。
接着,将上述混炼物在粉碎机中再次粉碎,使用分级机进行筛分,从而进行造粒。
最后,使用混合机混合固化起始温度为170℃的咪唑系固化剂0.01质量%,从而制作实施例1的粘结磁体用树脂组合物。
(实施例2)
除了环氧树脂0.48质量%、Nd-Fe-B系稀土磁体粉末98质量%、聚酰胺树脂1.5质量%以及固化剂0.02质量%以外,采用与实施方式1相同的方法,制作实施例2的粘结磁体用树脂组合物。
(实施例3)
除了环氧树脂0.72质量%、Nd-Fe-B系稀土磁体粉末97质量%、聚酰胺树脂2.25质量%以及固化剂0.03质量%以外,采用与实施方式1相同的方法,制作实施例3的粘结磁体用树脂组合物。
(实施例4)
除了环氧树脂0.96质量%、Nd-Fe-B系稀土磁体粉末96质量%、聚酰胺树脂3.0质量%以及固化剂0.04质量%以外,采用与实施方式1相同的方法,制作实施例4的粘结磁体用树脂组合物。
如上所述,制作树脂量变化的实施例1~实施例4的4种类型的粘结磁体。(表1)中表示上述实施例1~实施例4的粘结磁体树脂组合物的配合比。
[表1]
实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4
磁体粉末(质量%) 99 98 97 96
环氧树脂(质量%) 0.24 0.48 0.72 0.96
聚酰胺树脂(质量%) 0.75 1.5 2.25 3
固化剂(质量%) 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04
(磁特性的评价)
首先,为了评价实施例1~实施例4中制作的粘结磁体的树脂组合物的磁特性,在170℃的温度下进行压缩成型,制作由Φ5mm×5mm的圆柱试验片形成的粘结磁体。
接着,使用Riken Denshi Co.,Ltd.制造的振动试料型磁力计,评价剩余磁化强度(剩余磁通密度:Br)、矫顽力(Hcj)、最大磁能积((BH)max)。
(耐热性的评价)
首先,为了评价实施例1~实施例4中制作的粘结磁体树脂组合物的耐热性,在170℃的温度进行压缩成型,制作由Φ5mm×3.5mm的圆柱试验片形成的粘结磁体。
接着,使用Denshijiki Industry Co.,Ltd.制造的磁通量计(flux meter),算出150℃下放置300小时后的通量(磁通量)的变化率,评价粘结磁体的耐热性。
(表2)中表示树脂量变化的实施例1~实施例4的4种类型粘结磁体的磁特性和耐热性的评价结果。需要说明的是,(表2)的树脂量表示环氧树脂、聚酰胺树脂和固化剂的和。
[表2]
Figure BDA00003537060200061
另外,图1表示相对于树脂量的、剩余磁通密度(Br)的变化和150℃下300小时后的去磁系数的变化。
由(表2)和图1可知,实施例1和实施例2与实施例3和实施例4相比,磁体粉末为98质量%以上、树脂量超过0质量%且2质量%以下的粘结磁体的磁特性、耐热性优异。可以认为其原因是,树脂量少时,由于成型时等高温(150℃)时的树脂膨胀导致的孔隙的产生减少,因此能够防止氧向粘结磁体内的侵入,抑制由氧化劣化导致的消磁(磁特性的劣化)。
即,将磁体粉末设为98质量%以上、将树脂量设为超过0质量%且2质量%以下而构成粘结磁体,由此能够得到磁特性、耐热性优异的粘结磁体。
另外,利用磁体粉末为98质量%以上、树脂量为超过0质量%且2质量%以下的粘结磁体形成转子或定子从而构成电动机,由此能够得到磁特性、耐热性优异的电动机。
产业上的可利用性
本发明的粘结磁体能够在高温环境下使用。因此,能够应用于汽车的发动机室等高温环境下使用的电动机等技术领域中。

Claims (5)

1.一种粘结磁体,其至少具备磁体粉末和粘结剂,
所述磁体粉末和所述粘结剂的混合比例为:磁体粉末为98质量%以上,所述粘结剂为超过0质量%且2质量%以下。
2.根据权利要求1所述的粘结磁体,其中,所述粘结剂至少含有热固性树脂和热塑性树脂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的粘结磁体,其中,所述热固性树脂为环氧树脂、酚醛树脂和不饱和聚酯树脂中的任意树脂。
4.根据权利要求2所述的粘结磁体,其中,所述热塑性树脂为聚偏二氯乙烯树脂、聚酰胺树脂和聚酰胺酰亚胺树脂中的任意树脂。
5.一种电动机,其转子或定子搭载有权利要求1~权利要求4中的任一项所述的粘结磁体。
CN2012800059269A 2011-01-20 2012-01-19 粘结磁体以及搭载有该粘结磁体的电动机 Pending CN103329222A (zh)

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