CN103314749A - Method for preventing and treating celery cabbage clubroot - Google Patents
Method for preventing and treating celery cabbage clubroot Download PDFInfo
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- CN103314749A CN103314749A CN2013102243643A CN201310224364A CN103314749A CN 103314749 A CN103314749 A CN 103314749A CN 2013102243643 A CN2013102243643 A CN 2013102243643A CN 201310224364 A CN201310224364 A CN 201310224364A CN 103314749 A CN103314749 A CN 103314749A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preventing and treating celery cabbage clubroot. The method includes the following steps of 1) species selection and seed pretreatment, 2) sowing, 3) large field soil preparation and fertilization, 4) hole excavation and application of organic bacterial manure and basic converter steelmaking slag mixture, 5) cabbage seedling planting and 6) field management including 6.1) additional fertilizer application and 6.2) pest control. By applying the organic bacterial manure in a large field, pathogenic bacteria can be removed, and beneficial bacteria are multiplied. Micro elements of the basic converter steelmaking slag with M0 larger than 1 are utilized to improve acid soil and prevent and treat the celery cabbage clubroot, application quantity of chemical pesticide can be reduced, and the waste converter steelmaking slag can be turned into wealth. The method is a harmless celery cabbage clubroot preventing and treating technology. By means of the method, celery cabbage yield and quality are improved, and remarkable economical, social and ecological benefits can be obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that the Chinese cabbage club root spreads that suppresses, especially a kind of raising P in soil H value suppresses Chinese cabbage club root germ, improves the method for Chinese Cabbage Yield and quality, belongs to the vegetable growing technical field.
Background technology
Chinese cabbage club root (Plasmodiophora brassicae) is infected by plasmodiophora brassica bacteria and falls ill, this Pseudomonas Acarasiales, and germ only endangers the root of Chinese cabbage, so that main root, lateral root and fibrous root form the tumour that differs in size.Club root is carried the modes such as bacterium soil and is propagated mainly by the resting spore in the soil by diseased plant, current.Acid ground is conducive to germ and sprouts intrusion harm, and the above germ of P in soil H7.2 sprouts suppressed.Cabbage clubroot has the trend of build up at present, and morbidity field Chinese cabbage quality descends and the significantly underproduction, the Agro-chemicals control high expensive, and may have Pesticide Residue.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method with control Chinese cabbage club root of obvious control effect.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of method of preventing and treating the Chinese cabbage club root may further comprise the steps:
1) kind is selected and the seed preliminary treatment
Select that disease resistance is strong, quality better, Chinese cabbage cultivar that output is high, seed is placed in the cold water infiltrates first, put into again 53 ℃ of hot water and kept 8 minutes, pull out to water and lower the temperature, the rear preparation sowing of drying in the shade;
2) sowing
Adopt vegetable seedling substrate 72 holes dish to grow seedlings, cultivate strong sprout;
3) land for growing field crops site preparation and fertilization
Spread fertilizer over the fields land for growing field crops 2～3 tons/667 ㎡ as base manure after the dairy farm barnyard manure is sprayed the EM bacterium liquid of light and the microorganism formulations such as bacterium, lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycete and puddles the evenly rear airtight organic fungi-manure of making, placed for 1 week, deep ploughing is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, and harrows thin land for growing field crops;
4) organic fungi-manure and the basic bessemer converter slag mixture of spreading manuer in holes that burrow
Connect the ditch bedding, burrow with the taper device, and fill up the cave with organic fungi-manure and converter slag with the uniform mixture of volume ratio 2:1 blending, improve the pH value of Chinese cabbage rhizosphere, the generation of control club root;
5) Chinese cabbage seedling definite value
When having 4 leaves, 1 heart, the Chinese cabbage seedling select fine transplant planting to the land for growing field crops, 4000 strains of keeping a full stand of seedings/667m
2
6) field management
6.1) topdress
Impose urea one time by 5 ㎏/667 ㎡ after the Chinese cabbage seedling is lived, as slow seed manure, in time weed with a hoe; Begin curling rosette stage and heading stage at the Chinese cabbage lobus cardiacus, impose respectively urea 15 ㎏/667 ㎡, 20 ㎏/667 ㎡, spray 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1～2 time; Reduce irrigation frequency, form the condition that the Chinese cabbage pathogen plasmodiophora infects that is unfavorable for;
6.2) control worm
Control flea beetle with 800 times of liquid of 48% Le Siben missible oil or 1000 times of liquid sprays of 90% chlorophos crystal; With 1000 times of liquid sprayings of BT emulsion control cabbage caterpillar; With 1500 times of anti-eliminating aphis of liquid spraying of 10% person who has rendered outstanding service's wetting powder.
Purpose of the present invention can also further realize by following technical measures.
The method of aforesaid control Chinese cabbage club root wherein connects the wide 1.3～1.4m of furrow of ditch bedding in the step 4), ditch depth 22～24 ㎝, and furrow width 28～30 ㎝, and by spacing in the rows 34～36 ㎝, line-spacing 38～42 ㎝ burrow with the taper device, dark 6～7 ㎝ in hole, diameter 5～6 ㎝.
The present invention enriches organic fungi-manure in the land for growing field crops, can kill pathogen, the propagation beneficial bacterium; Utilize M0〉1 basic bessemer converter slag (M0 characterizes converter slag basicity or alkaline rate, M0〉1 be the basic bessemer converter slag) CaO, the MgO that contains, relatively large P
2O
5With the very important trace element of several crops (Cu, B, Mn, Zn etc.), improve acid ground, prevent and treat the club root of Chinese cabbage, can reduce the amount of application of chemical pesticide, converter slag can also be turned waste into wealth.The present invention is a kind of non-harmful control cabbage clubroot technology, is a kind of non-environmental pollution control technology, has improved the yield and quality of Chinese cabbage, and significant economy, society and ecological benefits are arranged.
Advantage and disadvantage of the present invention will make an explanation by the non-limitative illustration of following preferred embodiment, and these embodiment only provide as an example.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiment of Jurong City, Jiangsu Province.
The present invention includes following steps:
1) kind is selected and the seed preliminary treatment
Select that disease resistance is strong, quality better, Chinese cabbage cultivar ' king in spring and autumn ' (market purchases) that output is high, seed is placed in the cold water infiltrates first, put into again 53 ℃ of hot water and kept 8 minutes, pull out to water and lower the temperature, the rear preparation of drying in the shade is sowed.
2) sowing
Sowing on July 25 adopts vegetable seedling substrate 72 holes dish to grow seedlings, and cultivates strong sprout.
3) land for growing field crops site preparation and fertilization
Spread fertilizer over the fields land for growing field crops 2～3 tons/667 ㎡ as base manure after the dairy farm barnyard manure is sprayed the EM bacterium liquid of light and the microorganism formulations such as bacterium, lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycete and puddles the evenly rear airtight organic fungi-manure of making, placed for 1 week, deep ploughing is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, and harrows thin land for growing field crops.
4) organic fungi-manure of spreading manuer in holes that burrows
The heavy field of vegetables industry garden, Jurong Chinese cabbage morbidity (the plot club root incidence of disease of falling ill autumn last year reaches 62.5%, field PH6.2, the nectar degree reaches 10
6Individual/the g dry ground) on burrow cave and execute the mixture of different proportion organic fungi-manure and converter slag within it, connecting ditch, to make furrow wide 1.3 meters, ditch depth 25 ㎝, furrow width 30 ㎝ press spacing in the rows 35 ㎝, line-spacing 40 ㎝ burrow with the taper device, dark 6～7 ㎝ in hole, diameter 5～6 ㎝.Total five embodiment of A-E, other only has and spreads fertilizer over the fields the control group CK1 embodiment of lime 15 ㎏ and the organic fungi-manure of fixed proportion and the control group CK2 embodiment of converter slag mixture of spreading manuer in holes that do not burrow at the furrow face, has 7 embodiment altogether.Each embodiment repeats 3 times, need establish altogether 21 and implement the residential quarter, and each area of implementing the residential quarter is 100 ㎡.
Embodiment A: the organic fungi-manure of volume ratio 1:1 and mixture 20 ㎏ of converter slag of spreading manuer in holes burrow;
Embodiment B: the organic fungi-manure of volume ratio 2:1 and mixture 20 ㎏ of converter slag of spreading manuer in holes burrow;
Embodiment C: the organic fungi-manure of volume ratio 3:1 and mixture 20 ㎏ of converter slag of spreading manuer in holes burrow;
Embodiment D: the organic fungi-manure of volume ratio 4:1 and mixture 20 ㎏ of converter slag of spreading manuer in holes burrow;
Embodiment E: the organic fungi-manure of volume ratio 5:1 and mixture 20 ㎏ of converter slag of spreading manuer in holes burrow.
5) Chinese cabbage seedling definite value
August 20 selected fine transplant planting to the land for growing field crops when Chinese cabbage seedling has 4 leaves, 1 heart, 4000 strains of keeping a full stand of seedings/667m
2
6) field management
6.1) topdress
Impose urea one time by 5 ㎏/667 ㎡ after the Chinese cabbage seedling is lived, as slow seed manure, in time weed with a hoe; Begin curling rosette stage and heading stage at the Chinese cabbage lobus cardiacus, impose respectively urea 15 ㎏/667 ㎡, 20 ㎏/667 ㎡, spray 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1～2 time; Reduce irrigation frequency, form the condition that the Chinese cabbage pathogen plasmodiophora infects that is unfavorable for.
6.2) control worm
Control flea beetle with 800 times of liquid of 48% Le Siben missible oil or 1000 times of liquid sprays of 90% chlorophos crystal; With 1000 times of liquid sprayings of BT emulsion control cabbage caterpillar; With 1500 times of anti-eliminating aphis of liquid spraying of 10% person who has rendered outstanding service's wetting powder.
7) gather
October 15 gathered, and cut off and packed listing after Chinese cabbage is removed siphonal lobe.
The investigation method of control Chinese cabbage club root effect is as follows:
In the Chinese cabbage bag hearty cord ball later stage, extract plant and remove plant root soil " Invest, Then Investigate ", 5 sampling surveys in every enforcement residential quarter, every some investigation 10 strains.Disease scale according to the investigation club root is made an appraisal to incidence, and calculates the incidence of disease, disease index and control efficiency.Related index is as follows:
Diseased plant rate (%)=(the morbidity strain number/total strain number of investigation) * 100; Disease index (%)=∑ (diseased plant numbers at different levels * severity Scaling numerical value)/(investigating total strain number * 5) * 100; Control efficiency (%)=(contrast disease index-processing disease index)/contrast disease index * 100.
Chinese cabbage club root severity Scaling standard: 0 grade anosis; 1 grade: naked eyes see that the main root tumour is not obvious, can touch tiny tumour with finger; 2 grades: naked eyes can be found out the main root tumour, but tumour is little; 3 grades: the main root tumour is obvious, and acrial part is without obvious pathology; 4 grades: main root moderate tumour, acrial part occurs wilting daytime; 5 grades: serious tumour occurs in full root and lateral root, the tumour be full of cracks, and aerial growth or withered and yellow is until dead.
The effect that adopts the present invention to prevent and treat the Chinese cabbage club root sees the following form:
| Embodiment | PH | Diseased plant rate (%) | Disease index | Control efficiency CK1(%) | Control efficiency CK2(%) | Chinese cabbage plant height (㎝) | Leaf-head net weight (㎏) | Chan Liang ㎏/667 ㎡ |
| A | 7.5 | 19.5 | 8.8 | 43.59 | 72.06 | 24.6 | 1.39 | 5540 |
| B | 7.2 | 18.3 | 7.5 | 51.92 | 76.19 | 25.1 | 1.45 | 5800 |
| C | 7.1 | 13.1 | 5.9 | 62.17 | 81.26 | 24.8 | 1.42 | 5670 |
| D | 6.9 | 23.3 | 12.4 | 20.51 | 60.6 | 23.2 | 1.35 | 5350 |
| E | 6.8 | 27.8 | 16.3 | -4.48 | 48.25 | 22.9 | 1.32 | 5220 |
| CK1 | 7.0 | 26.9 | 15.6 | ? | ? | 23.4 | 1.21 | 4817 |
| CK2 | 6.2 | 64.7 | 31.5 | ? | ? | 19.5 | 0.91 | 3158 |
From table as can be known, Chinese cabbage individual plant leaf-head net weight 1.45 ㎏ that the organic fungi-manure that wherein adopts the Embodiment B proportioning and the mixture of converter slag are cultivated, output reaches 5800 ㎏/667 ㎡, amount of increase in production is the highest, general performance is best.And control group CK1 individual plant leaf-head net weight 1.21 ㎏, output only has 4817 ㎏/667 ㎡; Control group CK2 individual plant leaf-head net weight 0.91 ㎏, output is lower, only has 3158 ㎏/667 ㎡.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments, and all employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent deformation one-tenth, all drop in the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. method of preventing and treating the Chinese cabbage club root is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
1) kind is selected and the seed preliminary treatment
Select that disease resistance is strong, quality better, Chinese cabbage cultivar that output is high, seed is placed in the cold water infiltrates first, put into again 53 ℃ of hot water and kept 8 minutes, pull out to water and lower the temperature, the rear preparation sowing of drying in the shade;
2) sowing
Adopt vegetable seedling substrate 72 holes dish to grow seedlings, cultivate strong sprout;
3) land for growing field crops site preparation and fertilization
Spread fertilizer over the fields land for growing field crops 2～3 tons/667 ㎡ as base manure after the dairy farm barnyard manure is sprayed the EM bacterium liquid of light and the microorganism formulations such as bacterium, lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycete and puddles the evenly rear airtight organic fungi-manure of making, placed for 1 week, deep ploughing is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, and harrows thin land for growing field crops;
4) organic fungi-manure and the basic bessemer converter slag mixture of spreading manuer in holes that burrow
Connect the ditch bedding, burrow with the taper device, and fill up the cave with organic fungi-manure and converter slag with the uniform mixture of volume ratio 2:1 blending, improve the pH value of Chinese cabbage rhizosphere, the generation of control club root;
5) Chinese cabbage seedling definite value
When having 4 leaves, 1 heart, the Chinese cabbage seedling select fine transplant planting to the land for growing field crops, 4000 strains of keeping a full stand of seedings/667m
2;
6) field management
6.1) topdress
Impose urea one time by 5 ㎏/667 ㎡ after the Chinese cabbage seedling is lived, as slow seed manure, in time weed with a hoe; Begin curling rosette stage and heading stage at the Chinese cabbage lobus cardiacus, impose respectively urea 15 ㎏/667 ㎡, 20 ㎏/667 ㎡, spray 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1～2 time; Reduce irrigation frequency, form the condition that the Chinese cabbage pathogen plasmodiophora infects that is unfavorable for;
6.2) control worm
Control flea beetle with 800 times of liquid of 48% Le Siben missible oil or 1000 times of liquid sprays of 90% chlorophos crystal; With 1000 times of liquid sprayings of BT emulsion control cabbage caterpillar; With 1500 times of anti-eliminating aphis of liquid spraying of 10% person who has rendered outstanding service's wetting powder.
2. the method for control Chinese cabbage club root as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the furrow that wherein connect the ditch bedding in the step 4) are wide 1.3～1.4 meters, ditch depth 22～24 ㎝, furrow width 28～30 ㎝; By spacing in the rows 34～36 ㎝, line-spacing 38～42 ㎝ burrow with the taper device, dark 6～7 ㎝ in hole, diameter 5～6 ㎝.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103704006A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-04-09 | 东北农业大学 | Cultivation method capable of preventing celery cabbage clubroot diseases from occurring |
| CN103931476A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2014-07-23 | 云南省农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Method for cultivating cruciferae plants for observing plasmodiophoromycetes infection |
| CN104355852A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-02-18 | 东北农业大学 | Fertilizer for preventing and treating clubroot of Chinese cabbage and preparation method thereof |
| CN105900749A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-08-31 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Clubroot control method |
| CN108353743A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-08-03 | 大悟鸿源农业科技有限公司 | The implantation methods of cabbage |
| CN108812117A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-11-16 | 钟山县德福农产品有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of die Chinakohl |
| CN109673343A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-04-26 | 贵州省植物保护研究所 | A kind of integrated approach of prevention and control Cruciferae clubroot |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103704006A (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2014-04-09 | 东北农业大学 | Cultivation method capable of preventing celery cabbage clubroot diseases from occurring |
| CN103931476A (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2014-07-23 | 云南省农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Method for cultivating cruciferae plants for observing plasmodiophoromycetes infection |
| CN103931476B (en) * | 2014-04-21 | 2016-07-06 | 云南省农业科学院园艺作物研究所 | Cultivate for observing the method that plasmodiophora brassicae infects Cruciferae plant |
| CN104355852A (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2015-02-18 | 东北农业大学 | Fertilizer for preventing and treating clubroot of Chinese cabbage and preparation method thereof |
| CN104355852B (en) * | 2014-11-11 | 2016-08-24 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of fertilizer preventing and treating cabbage clubroot and preparation method thereof |
| CN105900749A (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2016-08-31 | 云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所 | Clubroot control method |
| CN108353743A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-08-03 | 大悟鸿源农业科技有限公司 | The implantation methods of cabbage |
| CN108812117A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-11-16 | 钟山县德福农产品有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of die Chinakohl |
| CN109673343A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-04-26 | 贵州省植物保护研究所 | A kind of integrated approach of prevention and control Cruciferae clubroot |
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Application publication date: 20130925 |