CN103312015B - 无线充电电路及半导体器件 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了无线充电电路及半导体器件，将用于近场通信的天线共用进行无线充电，并使其满足近场通信规格。电源部具有降压电路(331)、充电控制电路(332)及通信控制部用电源电路(333)。其中，所述降压电路具有开关稳压器(200)、及可选择所述开关稳压器的输出路径(PT1)和为避开所述开关稳压器而设的旁通路径(PT2)的选择电路(206、208)。所述降压电路具有选择控制电路(207)。所述选择控制电路在所述通信控制部启动时经由所述旁通路径向所述通信控制部用电源电路供给电压。串联稳压器可在比开关稳压器更短的时间内使输出电压稳定，所以可将从射频功率的启动到可进行初始通信为止的时间限定在规定值内。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种通过无线方式从送电侧向受电侧供给电力的无线充电技术，特别涉及一种通过无线充电方式对电池进行充电的无线充电电路、无线充电系统以及利用了无线充电电路和无线充电系统的半导体器件。
背景技术
专利文献1中公开了一种即使在非接触的方式下无法提供足够电力时，也可通过非接触性接口来进行信号的发送和接收的接触/非接触性复合型IC卡的技术。在专利文献1中特别记述了为了实现通过非接触方式来进行供电和通信而采用的结构。
非接触通信技术中，所知的有NFC(Near Field Communication：近场通信)技术。NFC是一种在十几厘米的距离内进行小功率无线通信技术的国际标准，最初是用于智能手机等小型便携式电子设备上的一种技术。而另一方面，通过非接触(也称“无线”)方式进行电力传输的所谓的无线充电技术也正得以应用，WPC(Wireless Power Consortium：无线充电联盟)普及及推动了无线充电技术标准(Qi)并将之投放到了市场。
专利文献2中公开了在具有通过无线方式进行信息传输的信息传输手段、以及通过非接触的方式进行电力输送的电力输送手段的通信设备中，对信息传送手段和电力输送手段进行控制的控制技术。
专利文献1日本特开2003-141484号公报
专利文献2日本特开2009-253649号公报
发明内容
NFC的载频为13.56MHz，而电磁感应耦合方式中主流的无线充电的载频为100～200kHz。如上所述，由于NFC和无线充电技术标准的无线充电的载频互为不同，所以需配备各自专用的天线，而像智能手机这类小型便携式电子设备上难于保留出安装天线的位置。因此，对于如何将近场通信所用的天线用于进行无线充电的课题进行了研究。
通过无线方式输送的电压在天线端高至100～200V，即使在经过匹配电路及整流电路后仍为几十伏的高电压，而与欲将该电压对1个单元的电池（4～4.2V）进行充电时，将在IC（Integrated Circuit：集成电路）内出现电压差的损失。对此的对策一般是：设置可将直流电压转换为别的直流电压的开关稳压器（DC-DC转换器）。即，通过开关稳压器将电压降低为合适的电压后输入充电控制电路。由于开关稳压器的电力损失比较少，所以可降低IC内的电力损失。
进行无线充电前，为确认充电对象是否为被认证的充电对象、连接情况以及充电所需的电量等，设备必须进行初始通信以交换信息。由于无线充电共用了NFC通信（近场通信）的天线，所以进行无线充电时必须遵照近场通信协议进行。根据此时的近场通信规格的规定，如从RF（Radio Frequency：无线电频率）功率（射频功率）启动到可进行所述初期通信为止的时间例如为不超过5ms。
但是，由于到开关稳压器的输出电压变稳定为止需要较长时间，所以，如果由所述开关稳压器来决定对近场通信进行控制的微型计算机的电源供给，则将难于保证从射频功率启动到可进行通信为止的时间不超过5ms。
本发明的所述内容及所述内容以外的目的和新特征在本说明书的描述及附图说明中写明。
下面简要说明关于本专利申请书所公开的发明中具有代表性的实施方式的概要。
即，无线充电电路包括环形天线、通信控制部、整流电路以及电源部。其中，所述电源部包括降压电路、充电控制电路、以及通信控制部用电源电路。所述降压电路包括可将从所述整流电路输出的电压进行降压的开关稳压器、以及选择电路，其中，所述可选择所述开关稳压器的输出路径和为避开所述开关稳压器而设的旁通路径。而且，所述降压电路还具有选择控制电路。所述选择控制电路在所述通信控制部启动时，通过使所述选择电路选择所述旁通路径，便可经由所述旁通路径而向所述通信控制部用电源电路供给电压。接着，选择控制电路在所述开关稳压器的输出电压达到预定电平后，通过使所述选择电路选择所述开关稳压器的输出路径，便可使所述开关稳压器的输出供给到所述通信控制部用电源电路。
下面简要说明关于本专利申请书中所公开的发明中根据具有代表性的实施方式所获得的效果。
即，在共用近场通信的天线进行无线充电时，提供可满足近场通信规格的技术。
附图说明
图1所示的是无线充电系统的整体结构例的框图。
图2所示的是图1的无线充电系统中电源部结构例的框图。
图3所示的是开关稳压器的结构例的电路图。
图4所示的是串联稳压器的结构例的电路图。
图5所示的是从射频功率的启动到可进行初始通信为止的时序图。
图6所示的是选择控制电路结构例的电路图。
图7所示的是图6的选择控制电路中的动作时序图。
符号说明
具体实施方式
1.实施方式的概要
下面说明本发明的实施方式的概要。在实施方式的概要说明中，括号内所列出的图中的参照符号仅为构成要素中的一例而已，而非为全部要素。
〔1〕根据具有代表性的实施方式，无线充电电路（3）具有：环形天线（36）、可控制通过所述环形天线进行近距离无线通信的通信控制部（35）、将经由所述环形天线而获得的交流信号进行整流的整流电路（32）、以及与所述整流电路耦合的电源部（33）。
所述电源部具有：将所述整流电路的输出进行降压的降压电路（331）、利用所述降压电路的输出对电池进行充电的充电控制电路（332）、根据所述降压电路的输出来形成所述通信控制部的动作用电源电压的通信控制部用电源电路（333）。
所述降压电路具有：可将从所述整流电路输出的电压进行降压的开关稳压器（200）和选择电路（206、208），所述选择电路（206、208）可选择所述开关稳压器的输出路径或第1路径（PT1）以及为避开所述开关稳压器而设的旁通路径或第2路径（PT2）。即，输出路径或第1路径（PT1）为将开关稳压器的输出电压供给到所述通信控制部用电源电路（333）的路径。另一方面，所述旁通路径或第2路径（PT2）为不经由所述开关稳压器（200）而将整流电路（32）的输出电压供给到所述通信控制部用电源电路（333）的路径，为与所述输出路径或第1路径不同的路径。
换言之就是，所述输出路径或第1路径（PT1）为将开关稳压器的输出与所述通信控制部用电源电路（333）的输入进行耦合的路径。所述旁通路径或第2路径（PT2）为将整流电路（32）的输出与所述通信控制部用电源电路（333）的输入进行耦合的路径。所述旁通路径或第2路径（PT2）为直接将整流电路（32）的输出与所述通信控制部用电源电路（333）的输入进行耦合，也可通过与所述开关稳压器不同的其他调整器进行间接地耦合。
另外，所述降压电路具有选择控制电路（207）。所述选择控制电路在所述通信控制部启动时，通过使所述选择电路选择所述旁通路径，便可通过所述旁通路径向所述通信控制部用电源电路供给电压。接下来，在所述开关稳压器的输出电压达到预定电平后或稳定后，选择控制电路通过使所述选择电路选择所述开关稳压器的输出路径，便可使所述开关稳压器的输出供给到所述通信控制部用电源电路。
根据场通信规格，例如，如图5所示，必须将射频功率的启动到可进行所述初期通信为止的时间设为如不超过5ms。为了获得来自开关输出的规定的直流电压，开关稳压器中必须设有电感器或电容器。由于是通过电感器对电容器进行充电，所以输出电压变为稳定为止需要较长时间。因此，如果根据开关稳压器的输出电压来启动所述通信控制部，将难于保证从射频功率启动到可进行所述初期通信为止的时间不超过5ms。由此，根据上述结构，在所述通信控制部启动时，通过所述选择电路来选择所述旁通路径，便可通过所述旁通路径向所述通信控制部用电源电路供给电压。为了从自开关输出获得规定的直流电压，而必须在开关稳压器中设置电感器或电容器，与此相反，由于串联稳压器不存在所述电感器或电容器，所以可在比开关稳压器更短的时间内使输出电压达到稳定。因此，在所述通信控制部启动时，通过所述选择电路来选择所述旁通路径，并经由所述旁通路径向所述通信控制部用电源电路供给电压，便可将从射频功率启动到可进行所述初期通信为止的时间设定为不超过5ms。
在所述开关稳压器的输出电压达到预定电平后，通过所述选择电路选择所述开关稳压器的输出路径，便可使所述开关稳压器的输出供给到所述通信控制部用电源电路。所述开关稳压器中，由于进行开关动作而使电力损失较小而获得较高效率，因此，可减少发热量。
〔2〕所述〔1〕中的所述选择电路可由如下器件很容易地构成：可通过所述选择控制电路的控制来选择所述开关稳压器的输出路径的第1开关元件（208）、以及可通过所述选择控制电路的控制来选择所述旁通路径的第2开关元件（206）。
〔3〕所述选择控制电路在所述第1开关元件从非选择状态转换到选择状态并选择所述开关稳压器的输出路径后，将所述第2开关元件控制为非选择状态。如果第1开关元件和第2开关元件的截止期间出现重复，供给电源的瞬时中断将有可能导致电源噪声。因此，所述选择控制电路如图7所示，在第1开关元件（208）从非选择状态（OFF状态）转换到选择状态（ON状态）并选择所述开关稳压器的输出路径后，将所述第2开关元件（206）控制为非选择状态（OFF状态）。由此，由于不会出现电压的瞬时中断，所以可阻止电源噪声的发生。
〔4〕所述〔3〕中的所述通信控制部具有微型计算机。
〔5〕所述〔4〕中，可在所述整流电路和所述第2开关元件之间配置串联稳压器（205）。所述串联稳压器可在比向所述开关稳压器供给所述整流电路的输出电压到所述开关稳压器的输出电压稳定为止所需的时间更短的时间内，将所述整流电路的输出电压降压到预定电平并进行输出。如果配置了上述串联稳压器，便可将由所述串联稳压器降压后的电压供给到所述通信控制部用电源电路，所以，可进一步减轻所述通信控制部用电源电路中降低电压时的负担。
〔6〕所述〔4〕中的所述第2开关元件可为选择所述整流电路的输出的结构。此时，由于在所述整流电路和所述第2开关元件之间没设置有所述串联稳压器等，所以可简化降压电路。
〔7〕可形成包括如下装置的无线充电系统：送电侧装置和可在非接触状态下从所述送电侧装置电力接收的受电侧装置。此时，所述受电侧装置可为与所述〔1〕～〔6〕中所述的无线充电电路同样的结构。
2.实施方式的具体内容下面对实施方式的具体内容进行更详细说明。
（第1实施方式）
图1所示的是无线充电系统。
图1所示的无线充电系统1具有送电侧装置2和受电侧装置3。在送电侧装置2和受电侧装置3之间，通过NFC（Near Field Communication：近场通信）方式进行近距离无线通信。而且，以非接触的方式从送电侧装置2向受电侧装置3进行电力输送。
送电侧装置2具有：调制控制电路21、调制驱动器电路22、匹配电路23、环形天线24、NFC控制部25、NFC电源电路26。调制驱动器电路22在进行近场通信时，根据应发送的数据而将载波进行调制，但是在输送电力时，为了供给电力而形成未调制信号。由所述调制驱动器电路22的输出对环形天线24进行激励。调制控制电路21控制调制驱动器电路22中的解调动作。匹配电路23与环形天线24并联而形成谐振电路。近场通信中的接收信号经由匹配电路23而被读取到NFC控制部25内。虽无特别限定，但NFC控制部25由具备近场通信功能的微型计算机构成，且具有控制电路251、存储器电路252、以及通信电路253。控制电路251由中央处理装置构成，并执行为了进行NFC控制的特定的程序。存储器电路252具有ROM（ReadOnly Memory：只读存储器）和RAM（Random Access Memory：随机存储器）。所述ROM中保存有由所述中央处理装置所执行的程序。所述RAM被用作所述中央处理装置进行运算处理的操作区域等。通信电路253经由环形天线24进行近距离无线通信。NFC控制部25的动作用电源由NFC电源电路26供给。NFC电源电路26虽无特别限定，但是由电源适配器或通用串行总线（USB）等供给电源。
受电侧装置3具有：环形天线36、匹配电路31、整流电路32、电源部33、电池34、以及NFC控制部35。环形天线36因送电侧装置2的环形天线23中产生的交流磁场而产生电动势（交流信号）。匹配电路31与环形天线36并联而构成谐振电路。整流电路32将通过环形天线36获得的交流信号进行整流。电源部33根据所述整流电路32的输出电压，向作为智能手机等的负载电路的电子电路ＥC供给动作用电源电压、或者向电池34供给充电电压、以及向NFC控制部35供给动作用电源电压等。虽无特别限定，但电池34为1个单元的电池（4～4.2V），如为锂离子电池。电源部33具有降压电路331、充电控制电路332、以及NFC电源电路333。降压电路331将所述整流电路32的输出电压进行降压。充电控制电路332根据所述降压电路331的输出电压对电池34进行充电。NFC电源电路333形成所述NFC控制部35的动作用电源电压。近场通信中的接收信号经由所述匹配电路31而被读取到NFC控制部35内。虽无特别限定，但NFC控制部35由微型计算机构成，并具有通信电路351、存储器电路352以及控制电路353。通信电路351经由所述环形天线36进行近距离无线通信。控制电路353由中央处理装置构成，并执行为了进行NFC控制的特定程序。存储器电路352具有ROM和RAM。所述ROM中保存有由所述中央处理装置所执行的程序。所述RAM被用作所述中央处理装置进行运算处理的操作区域等。
图2示出了所述电源部33的详细构成例。虽无特别限定，但所述电源部33为由塑封树脂等绝缘性树脂进行封装的1个树脂封装型半导体器件。
图2所示的电源部33的主要部分虽无特别限定，但是通过公开的半导体集成电路技术，一般是指形成在硅衬底等一个半导体衬底上的被称为“电源部芯片”的部分。电源部芯片33C具有降压电路331、充电控制电路332、模拟/数字转换器（以下简称“ADC”）210、上拉用电源电路211、以及NFC电源电路333。
电源部芯片33C上设置有：电源输入端子VIN、接地端子DDGND、输出端子DDOUT1，DDOUT2、系统电源输出端子SYS、充电端子RICHG、电池连接端子BAT、电池电压端子VBAT、热敏电阻连接端子TH、以及热敏电阻电源端子THVDD。而且，电源部芯片33C上还设置有NFC电源输出端子VDD1，VDD2、输入/输出端子IO、以及串行接口SIF。而且，通过电源输入端子VIN输入整流电路32的输出电压。接地端子DDGND为开关稳压器200的接地端子。输出端子DDOUT1，DDOUT2上外加有电感器202及电容器203。系统电源输出端子SYS如与智能手机等的电子电路耦合，并经由所述系统电源输出端子SYS向所述电子电路供给电源。充电端子RICHG上外加有电阻212。根据所述电阻212的值来决定对电池充电时的最大电流値。电池连接端子BAT及电池电压端子VBAT与电池34的正极（＋）耦合。热敏电阻连接端子TH与热敏电阻214的端子Ｔ耦合。热敏电阻214是为了检测电池34的温度而设置在电池34的附近。热敏电阻电源端子THVDD经由电阻213而与热敏电阻214耦合。从NFC电源输出端子VDD1，VDD2输出NFC控制部35的动作用电源电压。经由输入/输出端子IO或串行接口SIF可输入/输出各种控制信息。即，输入/输出端子IO或串行接口SIF可与NFC控制部35耦合而被用于在电源部33和NFC控制部35之间输入/输出各种控制信息。
所述降压电路331将通过电源输入端子VIN从所述整流电路32获得的电压进行降压。所述降压电路331的输出电压被传送到充电控制电路332、ADC210、上拉用电源电路211、NFC电源电路333上。另外，所述降压电路331的输出电压和电池34的输出电压可通过系统电源输出端子SYS输送到外部。
充电控制电路332经由充电端子RICHG及电池连接端子BAT对电池34进行充电。电池34的输出电压可通过所述充电控制电路332传送到系统电源输出端子SYS。
ADC210经由电池电压端子VBAT获取电池34的输出电压，并将之转换为数字数据。另外，ADC210经由热敏电阻连接端子TH读取由热敏电阻214进行的温度检测结果，并将之转换为数字数据。ADC210的数字信号输出被传送到降压电路331内的逻辑电路。
上拉用电源电路211经由热敏电阻电源端子THVDD及电阻213向热敏电阻214供给上拉用的电源电压。
NFC电源电路333根据所述降压电路331的输出来形成所述NFC控制部35的动作用电源电压。所述NFC电源电路333的输出电压经由NFC电源输出端子VDD1，VDD2被供给到所述NFC控制部35。本例中虽无特别限定，但本例的构成为：由于所述NFC控制部35中利用了微型计算机，所以经由NFC电源输出端子VDD1输出电压为3.0V，而经由NFC电源输出端子VDD2的输出电压为1.8V。
所述降压电路331具有：开关稳压器（DC-DC转换器）200、电流限制元件204、开关元件206及208、串联稳压器205、选择控制电路207、以及逻辑电路209。
开关稳压器200具有开关电路201、电感器202以及电容器203，并将整流电路32的输出电压进行降压。
开关电路201通过开关从由电源输入端子VIN输入的电压获取必需的能量。通过使开关电路201的输出供给到电感器202及电容器203，便可形成预定电平的直流电压。如图3所示，开关电路201可为由开关元件401、二极管402、误差放大器403、基准电压源404、PWM（pulse width modulation：脉宽调制）比较电路405构成的结构。其中，误差放大器403将基准电压源404的基准电压和输出端子DDOUT2的电压的差进行放大。误差放大器403的输出被传送到PWM比较电路405。PWM比较电路405将误差放大器403的输出和在内部生成的锯齿波进行比较后形成PWM信号。并由所形成的PWM信号来控制开关元件401的开关动作。二极管402是为了在开关元件401截止期间维持向电感器202供给电流而设置的。开关元件401可使用p沟道型MOS晶体管。另外，二极管402也可用由PWM比较电路进行控制的ｎ沟道型MNOS晶体管来替换。
图2中的电流限制元件204主要是为了保护所述开关稳压器200、以及为了限制所述开关稳压器200的输出电流而设置的。所述开关稳压器200的输出经由所述电流限制元件204而被传送到充电控制电路332及系统电源输出端子SYS等。电流限制元件204可使用p沟道型MOS晶体管。
开关元件208是为了选择所述开关稳压器200的输出电压向所述NFC电源电路333的传送路径（开关稳压器的输出路径（或者第1路径））PT1而设置的。开关元件206是为了选择所述开关稳压器200的旁通路径（或者第2路径）PT2而设置的。即，旁通路径（或者第2路径）PT2并非经由所述开关稳压器200，而是通过所述串联稳压器205将所述整流电路32的输出电压传送到所述NFC电源电路333的路径，是与所述输出路径（或者第1路径）PT1不同的路径。换言之即是，所述输出路径或第1路径（PT1）是为了将开关稳压器200的输出与所述NFC电源电路333的输入进行耦合的路径。所述旁通路径（或者第2路径）PT2是为了将所述整流电路32的输出与所述NFC电源电路333的输入进行耦合的路径。所述旁通路径（或者第2路径）PT2将所述整流电路32的输出与所述NFC电源电路333的输入进行耦合，且经由与所述开关稳压器200不同的其他调整器（串联稳压器205）而进行耦合的。
所述开关元件206、208具有可选择所述开关稳压器200的输出路径PT1和旁通路径PT2的选择电路的功能。开关元件206、208可使用p沟道型MOS晶体管。
所述开关元件206、208的选择动作由选择控制电路207进行控制。选择控制电路207在所述NFC控制部35启动时，通过使开关元件206选择所述旁通路径PT2，便可使所述旁通路径PT2与所述NFC电源电路333耦合。另外，选择控制电路207在所述开关稳压器200的输出电压达到预定电平后或者稳定后，通过使开关元件208选择所述开关稳压器200的输出路径PT1，便可使所述开关稳压器200的输出供给到所述NFC电源电路333。如图6所示，上述选择控制电路207具有：将开关稳压器200的输出和基准电压源601的基准电压进行比较的比较电路602、基于所述比较电路602的比较结果来控制开关元件206、208的选择动作的控制器603。开关元件206、208基本上可通过控制器603来辅助性地进行导通/截止的切换。即，在开关元件206为导通而使串联稳压器205的输出供给到上拉用电源电路211或NFC电源电路333时，开关元件208为截止。另一方面，在开关元件208为导通而使开关稳压器200的输出供给到上拉用电源电路211或NFC电源电路333时，开关元件206为截止。进行上述的切换时，如果开关元件206、208的截止期间出现重复，由于供给到上拉用电源电路211及NFC电源电路333的电压的瞬时中断，将有可能产生电源噪声。因此，如图7所示，所述选择控制电路207在开关元件208从非选择状态（OFF状态）转换到选择状态（ON状态）并选择所述开关稳压器200的输出路径PT1后，将所述开关元件206控制为非选择状态（OFF状态）。即，通过设置开关元件206、208双方的导通状态的交叠期间701，便可防止供给上拉用电源电路211和NFC电源电路333的电压出现瞬时中断，所以可阻止电源噪声的产生。
图2中的串联稳压器205配置在所述整流电路32和开关元件206之间。串联稳压器205可在比向所述开关稳压器200供给所述整流电路32的输出电压到所述开关稳压器200的输出电压稳定为止所需的时间更短的时间内，将所述整流电路32的输出电压降压到预定电平并进行输出。串联稳压器205可适用于如图4所示的低压差（以下简称“LDO”）线性稳压器。如图4所示的LDO线性稳压器由基准电压源301、误差放大器302、p沟道型MOS晶体管303、以及电阻304，305构成。p沟道型MOS晶体管303设置在旁通路径PT2上。p沟道型MOS晶体管303的输出侧的电压由电阻304，305的串联电路进行检测，并由误差放大器302对所述检测结果和基准电压源301的基准电压之间的差进行放大，并通过所述误差放大器302的输出对p沟道型MOS晶体管303的导通电阻值进行控制。通过上述控制，串联稳压器205的输入电压由p沟道型MOS晶体管303进行降压。
另外，在NFC电源电路333中，通过设置两套如图4所示的LDO线性稳压器，便可形成3.0V和1.8V两种输出电压。
图2中的逻辑电路209具有各种控制用寄存器，并根据所输入的时钟信号，对充电控制电路332设定电池充电的条件。所述时钟信号在电源部芯片33C的内部或外部产生。逻辑电路209经由串行接口SIF或输入/输出端子IO而与NFC控制部35耦合，且与所述NFC控制部35之间进行各种控制信息等的交换。另外，电池34的充电状态是根据充电状态信号CSS从充电控制电路332向逻辑电路209传送。逻辑电路209根据芯片内的温度检测结果及ADC210的输出（电池34的端子电压信息及电池34的温度信息）DO对充电控制电路332设定进行电池充电的条件信息PI。充电控制电路332根据所设定的条件进行电池充电。逻辑电路209的动作用电源电压根据经由电源输入端子VIN输入的电压，可由与所述开关稳压器200或串联稳压器205不同的调整器来产生。
上述结构中，送电侧装置2中的环形天线24与受电侧装置3中的环形天线接近时，送电侧装置2和受电侧装置3之间将进行初始通信（近场通信）以交换必要信息，并确认对象是否为被认证的充电对象、连接情况以及充电所需的电量等。根据所述初期通信所进行的信息交换结果对送电侧装置2及受电侧装置3中的各部分进行设定。根据近场通信规格，如图5所示，从射频功率启动到可进行所述初期通信为止的时间不可超过5ms。
由于开关稳压器200是根据PWM比较电路405的输出通过p沟道型MOS晶体管401进行开关操作的，所以为获得规定的直流电压，电感器202和电容器203必不可少，另外，由于是通过电感器202对电容器203进行充电的，所以输出电压变为稳定为止需要较长时间。因此，如果根据所述开关稳压器200的输出电压来启动NFC控制部35，则从受电侧装置3的射频功率的启动到可进行所述初期通信为止的时间将难于保证不超过5ms。
对此，如果为图2所示的结构，受电侧装置3中的环形天线36的感应电压在整流电路32中被整流后传送至串联稳压器205，将通过所述串联稳压器205进行降压后输出，再通过开关元件206供给至NFC电源电路333。如图4所示的LDO线性稳压器中，由于不存在电感器202和电容器203，所以可在比开关稳压器200更短的时间内使输出电压达到稳定。因此，使开关稳压器200的输出供给到NFC电源电路333，并通过此时的NFC电源电路333的输出来启动NFC控制部35，便可使从受电侧装置3中的射频功率启动到可进行所述初期通信为止的时间不超过5ms。
另一方面，NFC控制部35中，由于进行所述初期通信（近场通信）时的消耗电流较少，所以可容许在串联稳压器205中的p沟道型MOS晶体管303产生的焦耳热。但是，除了NFC控制部35的所述初期通信（近场通信）以外的动作模式由于模式不同而有可能消耗较多电流，这时，将无法容许在串联稳压器205的p沟道型MOS晶体管303中产生的焦耳热。
因此，如为图2所示的结构，在所述开关稳压器200的输出电压达到预定电平后，通过使开关元件208选择所述开关稳压器200的输出路径PT1，便可使所述开关稳压器200的输出供给到所述NFC电源电路333。在所述开关稳压器200的输出开始供给到所述NFC电源电路333时，由于选择控制电路207将开关元件206控制为截止，所以串联稳压器205的输出将不被消耗。由于是在所述开关稳压器200中进行开关动作，所以电力损耗小而可获得高効率，所以发热量比LDO线性稳压器少。
送电侧装置2和受电侧装置3之间将进行初始通信（近场通信）以交换必要信息，并确认对象是否为被认证的充电对象、连接情况以及充电所需的电量等，根据所述初始通信所进行的信息交换的结果对送电侧装置2及受电侧装置3中的各部分进行设定后，由充电控制电路332开始控制对电池34的充电动作。电池34的端子电压经由ADC210被逻辑电路209进行监视。在电池34的端子电压达到预定电平后，通过无线方式进行的电池充电将结束。另外，在受电侧装置3离开送电侧装置2而无法进行正常的近场通信时，对电池的充电动作将被中断。
（第2实施方式）
在第1实施方式中，如图2所示，电源输入端子VIN和开关元件206之间配置有串联稳压器205，但也可不使用所述串联稳压器205，而可将开关元件206直接与电源输入端子VIN连接。根据相关结构，在不用串联稳压器205时，则从整流电路32向电源输入端子VIN传送的电压将经由开关元件206而被供给至上拉用电源电路211或NFC电源电路333。从整流电路32向电源输入端子VIN传送的电压为数十伏，由于其被供给至上拉用电源电路211或NFC电源电路333，所以将增大上拉用电源电路211或NFC电源电路333的降压负担。但是，由于不使用串联稳压器205，降压电路331的电路规模将比图2所示的小。
以上根据实施方式具体地说明了本案发明人所作的发明，但是本发明并不受到所述实施方式的限定，在不超出其要旨的范围内能够进行种种变更，在此无需赘言。
例如，电源部33和NFC控制部35也由1个IC构成。
Claims (9)
1.一种无线充电电路，具有：
环形天线；
通信控制部，能够对经由所述环形天线进行的近距离无线通信进行控制；
整流电路，用于对经由所述环形天线获得的交流信号进行整流；以及
与所述整流电路耦合的电源部，
其中，所述电源部具有：
降压电路，用于对所述整流电路的输出进行降压；
充电控制电路，用于使用所述降压电路的输出对电池进行充电；以及
通信控制部用电源电路，用于根据所述降压电路的输出来形成所述通信控制部的动作用电源电压，
其中，所述降压电路具有：
开关稳压器，能够对从所述整流电路输出的电压进行降压；
选择电路，能够选择所述开关稳压器的输出路径和为避开所述开关稳压器而设的旁通路径；以及
选择控制电路，用于在所述通信控制部启动时，通过使所述选择电路选择所述旁通路径，经由所述旁通路径向所述通信控制部用电源电路供给电压，并在所述开关稳压器的输出电压达到预定电平后，通过使所述选择电路选择所述开关稳压器的输出路径，将所述开关稳压器的输出供给到所述通信控制部用电源电路，
所述选择电路具有：
第1开关元件，能够通过所述选择控制电路的控制来选择所述开关稳压器的输出路径；以及
第2开关元件，能够通过所述选择控制电路的控制来选择所述旁通路径。
2.根据权利要求1所述的无线充电电路，其特征在于，
所述选择控制电路在所述第1开关元件从非选择状态转移到选择状态并选择所述开关稳压器的输出路径后，将所述第2开关元件控制为非选择状态。
3.根据权利要求2所述的无线充电电路，其特征在于，
所述通信控制部为微型计算机。
4.根据权利要求3所述的无线充电电路，其特征在于，
所述整流电路和所述第2开关元件之间配置有串联稳压器，且所述串联稳压器在比从向所述开关稳压器供给所述整流电路的输出电压后到所述开关稳压器的输出电压稳定为止所需的时间更短的时间内，将所述整流电路的输出电压降压到预定电平并输出。
5.根据权利要求3所述的无线充电电路，其特征在于，
所述第2开关元件选择所述整流电路的输出。
6.一种半导体器件，其特征在于，具有：
整流电路，用于对经由天线获得的交流信号进行整流；以及
与所述整流电路耦合的电源部，
其中，所述电源部具有：
降压电路，用于对所述整流电路的输出电压进行降压；以及
电源电路，用于根据所述降压电路的输出电压来形成通信控制部的动作用电源电压，所述通信控制部能够控制经由所述天线进行的近距离无线通信，
其中，所述降压电路具有：
开关电路，设置在用于对所述整流电路的输出电压进行降压的DC-DC转换器中；
选择电路，能够选择所述DC-DC转换器的输出和所述电源电路的输入之间的第1路径，或选择与所述第1路径不同的、所述整流电路的输出和所述电源电路的输入之间的第2路径；以及
选择控制电路，用于在所述通信控制部启动时，使所述选择电路选择所述第2路径，然后，在所述DC-DC转换器的输出电压达到预定电平或稳定后，使所述选择电路选择所述第1路径，
所述半导体器件还具有使用所述降压电路的输出对电池进行充电的充电控制电路，
所述选择电路具有：
第1开关元件，能够通过所述选择控制电路的控制来选择所述第1路径；以及
第2开关元件，能够通过所述选择控制电路的控制来选择所述第2路径。
7.根据权利要求6所述的半导体器件，其特征在于，
所述选择控制电路通过将所述第1开关元件从非选择状态控制为选择状态而选择了所述第1路径后，将所述第2开关元件从选择状态控制为非选择状态。
8.根据权利要求7所述的半导体器件，其特征在于，
具有设在所述整流电路和所述第2开关元件之间的串联稳压器，
其中，所述串联稳压器在比向所述DC-DC转换器供给所述整流电路的输出电压到所述DC-DC转换器的输出电压稳定为止所需的时间更短的时间内，将所述整流电路的输出电压降压到预定电平并输出。
9.根据权利要求8所述的半导体器件，其特征在于，
所述第2开关元件选择所述整流电路的输出。
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| TW201401714A (zh) | 2014-01-01 |
| JP2013191913A (ja) | 2013-09-26 |
| CN103312015A (zh) | 2013-09-18 |
| KR20130105412A (ko) | 2013-09-25 |
| US9035603B2 (en) | 2015-05-19 |
| CN107171422A (zh) | 2017-09-15 |
| US20130234658A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 |
| US9520739B2 (en) | 2016-12-13 |
| TW201742355A (zh) | 2017-12-01 |
| US20150229158A1 (en) | 2015-08-13 |
| TWI590563B (zh) | 2017-07-01 |
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