CN103271045B - Composition and method for preventing and treating root-knot nematode, soil borne pathogenic fungi and weeds - Google Patents
Composition and method for preventing and treating root-knot nematode, soil borne pathogenic fungi and weeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN103271045B CN103271045B CN201310184564.0A CN201310184564A CN103271045B CN 103271045 B CN103271045 B CN 103271045B CN 201310184564 A CN201310184564 A CN 201310184564A CN 103271045 B CN103271045 B CN 103271045B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composition and a method for preventing and treating root-knot nematode, soil borne pathogenic fungi and weeds, and belongs to the technical field of pesticides. The composition consists of dazomet preparation and dimethyl disulfide preparation. The using method of the composition comprises the following steps of: performing deep tillage on the soil, then applying the dazomet preparation into the soil, injecting the dimethyl disulfide preparation into the soil for applying the dimethyl disulfide preparation into the soil through a dropping system, covering a film on the soil by a reverse burying method, fumigating the soil for 2-4 weeks, ventilating the soil for 3-12 days, and planting a crop seed to be cultivated into the soil after the soil does not contain any insecticide residues based on the qualitative judgment of a sprouting test. The composition is suitable for sterilization of the soil before vegetables, strawberries, flowers, melons, nursery gardens, fruit gardens, tea gardens, grape gardens, forests, traditional Chinese medicinal crops and the like are planted; and therefore, the southern root-knot nematode, the main soil borne pathogenic fungi and the main graminaceous and broad leaf weeds can be effectively prevented and treated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of pesticide, be specifically related to a kind ofly prevent and treat root-knot nematode, the composition of soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds and method.
Background technology
Nearly ten years, along with the adjustment of agricultural planting structure, Protectorate cultivation has had in China and has developed by leaps and bounds.Whole nation protecting field area is more than 2,000,000 hectares.And Protectorate cultivation is increased farmers' income as one in China; the Important Agricultural measure changed to modern agriculture by traditional farming; in future, continuation will be developed, the crop of cultivation also by by current vegetables, strawberry to future developments such as flowers, melon, fruit tree, nursery, Chinese herbal medicines.The development of protecting field; also for the generation of root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease and weeds, development provide adapt circumstance, after usually planting 3 ~ 5 years, the yield and quality of crop is subject to serious impact; the general underproduction 20 ~ 40%, Severe Reduction more than 60% even has no harvest.Along with the continuation development of protecting field and the cultivation year after year of high added value crop, the problem of root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease and weeds will be more and more outstanding, and will become the key factor of serious restriction protecting field development.According to inventor in Shandong, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Hebei, Zhejiang, the investigation of the ground such as Henan, the harm of root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease and weeds has become the outstanding problem in Protectorate cultivation.Due to without effectively preventing method, ground peasant uses medicament (as Aldicarb, carbofuran, thimet etc.) the control root-knot nematode of country's forbidding, soil-borne disease and weeds etc. in a large number in Shandong etc., the life and health of serious harm people.Because protecting field investment is large, some processing times, method that is long, the needs longer crop rotation time was difficult to carry out in greenhouse, was also difficult to be accepted by peasant.And soil chemistry disinfection technology becomes one of one preferred technique of current protecting field agriculture plant protection just day by day before planting.
Summary of the invention
To the present invention is directed in the economic crops such as current flowers, melon, fruit tree, nursery, Chinese herbal medicine easily raw root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease and weeds, and be difficult to the problem of elimination, propose a kind of composition preventing and treating root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of using method of composition of preventing and treating root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds.
Prevent and treat a composition for root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds, said composition is made up of dazomet preparation and Methyl disulfide preparation.
Described dazomet preparation is take dazomet as the formulation products of active component.
Described dazomet preparation is 98% dazomet fine granule.
Described Methyl disulfide preparation is take Methyl disulfide as the formulation products of active component.
Described Methyl disulfide preparation is 99% Methyl disulfide.
Prevent and treat a method for root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds, carry out in accordance with the following steps:
(1) first by soil deep tillage 25-35cm, then by active ingredient 20-30g/m
2consumption, dazomet preparation is mixed soil and uses;
(2) secondly, Methyl disulfide preparation is pressed active ingredient 35-45g/m
2consumption, be injected into soil or be applied in soil by drip irrigation system, the degree of depth is 20-30cm;
(3) last, adopt the anti-method overlay film that buries to fumigate after 2 ~ 4 weeks, spacious gas 3-12 days, by after the qualitative judgement of raise crop Seed Germination Test is residual without medicament, can plant.
Described crop is vegetables, strawberry, flowers, melon, fruit tree, nursery or Chinese herbal medicine.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: composition of the present invention is to Meloidogyne incognita, reaping hook belongs to fungi, Phytophthora fungi, broad leaved weeds (as piemarker etc.) and grassy weed (as lady's-grass etc.) all have obvious synergistic effect, use conveniently, to crop safety, simultaneously, two kinds of medicaments all do not remain in soil, to crop safety, composition for preventing and controlling Meloidogyne incognita of the present invention, reaping hook belongs to fungi, Phytophthora fungi, broad leaved weeds and grassy weed excellent effect, and use cost is well below conventional soil fumigant methyl bromide etc., and special heat vaporized equipment need not be adopted as using Celfume etc., therefore a large amount of expenditure is saved, chemical fumigant is generally high malicious chemicals, and one of composition of the present invention dazomet low toxicity, play a role by producing methyl-isorhodanate (MITC), another composition Methyl disulfide is poisoning, in addition the two all takes soil application, therefore to person poultry safety.
Involved composition of the present invention is applicable to prevent and treat Meloidogyne incognita on the crops such as vegetables, strawberry, flowers, melon, Chinese herbal medicine, nursery, orchard, tea place, forest, reaping hook belongs to fungi, Phytophthora fungi, broad leaved weeds and grassy weed etc.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that each process is to Fusarium effectiveness comparison figure.
Fig. 2 is that each process is to piemarker effectiveness comparison figure.
Fig. 3 is that each process is to lady's-grass effectiveness comparison figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
The reagent that the present embodiment adopts is:
99% Methyl disulfide (Shanghai Yuan Ji Chemical Co., Ltd.), abbreviation: DMDS;
98% dazomet fine granule (Nantong Shi Zhuan Chemical Co., Ltd.), abbreviation: DZ.
For examination soil sample be:
Soil sample is picked up from Tongzhou, Beijing cucumber and to be uprooted plants after their edible portions have been harvested ground, and long-term nematode and disease occur serious, gets after topsoil crosses 2mm sieve, mixes for subsequent use.By analysis, soil moisture content (water: dry ground) is 19.84%, pH7.07, soil organic matter content 33.0g/kg, NH
4+-N37.2mg/kg, NO
3-N388.1mg/kg, available phosphorus 327.7mg/kg, available potassium 875.4mg/kg, belong to sandy loam.
Evaluation index and method are:
Meloidogyne incognita Meloidogyne incognita., adopts centrifugal process;
Fusarium Fusarium spp., adopts Komada method to be separated;
Phytophthora Phytophthora spp., adopts Masago method to be separated;
Piemarker Abutilon theophrasti, adopts vernier caliper measurement bud long;
Lady's-grass Digitaria sanguinalis, adopts vernier caliper measurement bud long.
Test method
1, dose is arranged
By dazomet (active ingredient) with soil quality than design two concentration for the treatment of 100mg/kg and 50mg/kg (corresponding product quality is 61.2mg/600g, 30.6mg/600g);
By DMDS (active ingredient) with soil quality than design two concentration for the treatment of 40mg/kg and 20mg/kg (corresponding product volume is 23.04uL/600g, 11.52uL/600g, and the DMDS density of 99% is 1.052g/mL);
Each process is as follows:
2, process of the test
Take the ready soil sample of 600g, put into 2.5L drier.During dispenser, dazomet fine granule use ten thousand/take, mix with soil sample in drier; DMDS liquid-transfering gun accurately pipettes.After applying medicament, each process is rapid program request 15, the lady's-grass seed of vernalization and 10, piemarker seed respectively.Stifling 5d at 25 DEG C.Stifling terminate after spacious gas 1d, be then separated nematode and soil-borne disease fungal pathogens, measure simultaneously lady's-grass, piemarker bud long.And space management is set, each process repeats for 3 times.
3, computational methods
Root-knot nematode survival rate and corrected mortality following formula calculate:
Survival rate %=100 × keep nematode number/total borer population of confession examination
Corrected mortality %=100 × (process lethality-contrast lethality)/(1-contrasts lethality)
Pathogen inhibiting rate following formula calculates:
Inhibiting rate %=100 × (check plot pathogen quantity-chemicals treatment district pathogen quantity)/check plot pathogen quantity
Weeds inhibiting rate following formula calculates:
Inhibiting rate %=100 × (blank weeds bud length-chemicals treatment weeds bud is long)/blank weeds bud is long
According to Colby method (1966) formulae discovery preventive effect and with actual measurement field efficacy, easy, effectively to evaluate mixture synergy effect.Computing formula is:
E＝X
1×X
2...×X
n/100
(n-1)
E is the theoretical preventive effect of mixture; N is the quantity of mixed medicament; X
1represent the preventive effect after using the 1st kind of medicament; X
2represent the preventive effect after using the 2nd kind of pharmaceutical agent; X
nrepresent the preventive effect after using n-th kind of medicament.When the actual preventive effect of mixture is greater than theoretical preventive effect, represent synergy; When the actual preventive effect of mixture is less than theoretical preventive effect, represent antagonism.
4, measurement result
To the effect of root-knot nematode
Table 1 Methyl disulfide+dazomet uses the effect to Meloidogyne incognita with
As can be seen from Table 1, Methyl disulfide is mixed with four kinds of different amounts of dazomet all shows synergistic effect to root-knot nematode.The Methyl disulfide Meloidogyne incognita corrected mortality mixed with four kinds of different amounts of dazomet all reaches more than 83%, and reach more than 93% when Methyl disulfide height consumption is mixed with dazomet height consumption, synergism is obvious.
To the effect of two kinds of main soil-borne disease fungal pathogenses
Table 2 Methyl disulfide+dazomet uses the effect to two kinds of main soil-borne disease fungal pathogenses with
As can be seen from table 2 and Fig. 1, Methyl disulfide is mixed with four kinds of different amounts of dazomet all shows synergistic effect to Fusarium and phytophthora.Methyl disulfide is mixed with four kinds of different amounts of dazomet all reaches more than 90% to Fusarium inhibiting rate, and all reach more than 88% to the inhibiting rate of phytophthora, synergism is obvious.
To the effect of two kinds of main weeds in field
Table 3 Methyl disulfide+dazomet uses the effect to two kinds of main weeds in field with
As can be seen from table 3, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, Methyl disulfide is mixed with four kinds of different amounts of dazomet all shows synergistic effect to piemarker and lady's-grass.Be respectively except 95.98% and 99.64% except the low consumption of Methyl disulfide is mixed with the low consumption of dazomet to piemarker and lady's-grass inhibiting rate, the mixed process of its excess-three all reaches 100% to piemarker and lady's-grass inhibiting rate, and both explanations pharmacy mix all has fabulous inhibitory action to broad leaved weeds and grassy weed.
Embodiment 2
Before lettuce planting, first by soil deep tillage 30cm, ensure that soil has certain humidity simultaneously, then by the dazomet fine granule of 98% (by active ingredient 25g/m
2consumption) mixed soil uses, afterwards by the Methyl disulfide of 99% (by active ingredient 40g/m
2consumption) be evenly injected in soil, finally adopt " counter bury method " overlay film stifling after 2 weeks, spacious gas 3 days, after qualitatively judging remain without medicament by Germination of Lettuce Seeds test, can plant.
Embodiment 3
Before green cucumber, first by soil deep tillage 30cm, ensure that soil has certain humidity simultaneously, then by the dazomet fine granule of 98% (by active ingredient 25g/m
2consumption) mixed soil uses, afterwards by the Methyl disulfide of 99% (by active ingredient 40g/m
2consumption) to be evenly applied in soil (for increasing the water-soluble of Methyl disulfide by drip irrigation system, Tween 80 need be added) by the amount of 4%, finally adopt " counter bury method " overlay film stifling after 3 weeks, spacious gas 7 days, after residual without medicament by germination of cucumber seeds test qualitative judgement, can plant.
Embodiment 4
Tulip plantation before, first by soil deep tillage 35cm, ensure that soil has certain humidity simultaneously, then by the dazomet fine granule of 98% (by active ingredient 20g/m
2consumption) mixed soil uses, afterwards by the Methyl disulfide of 99% (by active ingredient 35g/m
2consumption) to be evenly applied in soil (for increasing the water-soluble of Methyl disulfide by drip irrigation system, Tween 80 need be added) by the amount of 4%, finally adopt " counter bury method " overlay film stifling after 4 weeks, spacious gas 10 days, after residual without medicament by the qualitative judgement of tulip Seed Germination Test, can plant.
Embodiment 5
The root of Dahurain angelica plantation before, first by soil deep tillage 25cm, ensure that soil has certain humidity simultaneously, then by the dazomet fine granule of 98% (by active ingredient 30g/m
2consumption) mixed soil uses, afterwards by the Methyl disulfide of 99% (by active ingredient 45g/m
2consumption) be evenly injected in soil, finally adopt " counter bury method " overlay film stifling after 2 weeks, spacious gas 5 days, after qualitatively judging remain without medicament by root of Dahurain angelica Seed Germination Test, can plant.
Embodiment 6
Before strawberry cultivating, first by soil deep tillage 28cm, ensure that soil has certain humidity simultaneously, then by the dazomet fine granule of 98% (by active ingredient 27g/m
2consumption) mixed soil uses, afterwards by the Methyl disulfide of 99% (by active ingredient 41g/m
2consumption) be evenly injected in soil, finally adopt " counter bury method " overlay film stifling after 3 weeks, spacious gas 10 days, after qualitatively judging remain without medicament by germination of strawberry seeds test, can plant.
Embodiment 7
Before Tea planting, first by soil deep tillage 35cm, ensure that soil has certain humidity simultaneously, then by the dazomet fine granule of 98% (by active ingredient 29g/m
2consumption) mixed soil uses, afterwards by the Methyl disulfide of 99% (by active ingredient 38g/m
2consumption) be evenly injected in soil, finally adopt " counter bury method " overlay film stifling after 3 weeks, spacious gas 10 days, after qualitatively judging remain without medicament by tealeaves Seed Germination Test, can plant.
Claims (1)
1. prevent and treat the application of composition in controlling weeds for root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds, said composition is made up of dazomet preparation and Methyl disulfide preparation, it is characterized in that, described weeds are piemarker and lady's-grass;
In use, the consumption mass ratio of dazomet and Methyl disulfide active ingredient is described composition: 5: 1,5: 2 or 5: 4.
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| CN105360110A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-03-02 | 安徽云溪农业有限公司 | Plant extract composition having nematode and soil-borne fungi killing activity |
| CN108293705A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2018-07-20 | 文山苗乡三七科技有限公司 | A method of handling notoginseng soil with soil fumigant dazomet |
| CN106561679B (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2020-01-07 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Pesticide composition and application thereof |
| CR20220498A (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2023-01-09 | Taminco Bv | Methods of reducing fusarium contamination |
| CN114097346A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-01 | 李守华 | Film-covering high-temperature fumigation soil remediation method for solving ginger continuous cropping obstacle |
| CN114391537A (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-04-26 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Pharmaceutical composition, medicine and application in prevention and treatment of nematode diseases |
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