CN105994267A - Composition for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes, soil-borne pathogenic fungi and weeds - Google Patents
Composition for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes, soil-borne pathogenic fungi and weeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN105994267A CN105994267A CN201610389581.1A CN201610389581A CN105994267A CN 105994267 A CN105994267 A CN 105994267A CN 201610389581 A CN201610389581 A CN 201610389581A CN 105994267 A CN105994267 A CN 105994267A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/34—Nitriles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composition for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes, soil-borne pathogenic fungi and weeds. The composition is mixed with an emulsifier, an excipient, a filling agent and water to be used as a pesticide for effective prevention and treatment of soil-borne diseases and the weeds. The composition can effectively kill harmful pathogenic bacteria and nematodes in soil, can inhibit weed germination and growth, is used for pre-planting soil disinfection for preventing and treating vegetables, strawberries, flowers, melons, seedling nursery, orchards, tea gardens, vineyards, trees, Chinese herbal medicines and other crop fields, and effectively prevents the root-knot nematodes, main soil-borne pathogenic fungi, main gramineae and broadleaf weeds and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of compositions preventing and treating soil-borne disease, prevent and treat root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and the compositions of weeds particularly to a kind of.
Background technology
Nearly ten years, along with the adjustment of agricultural planting structure, Protectorate cultivation has had in China and has developed by leaps and bounds.Whole nation protecting field area is more than 2,000,000 hectares.And Protectorate cultivation is increased farmers' income as one in China; the Important Agricultural measure changed to modern agriculture by traditional agriculture; continuation being developed in future, the crop of cultivation also will be developed to directions such as flowers, melon, fruit tree, nursery, Chinese herbal medicine by current vegetable, Fructus Fragariae Ananssae.The development of protecting field, also provides suitable environment for root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease and the generation of weeds, development, and after generally planting 3～5 years, the yield and quality of crop is affected by serious, the general underproduction 20～40%, and Severe Reduction more than 60% even has no harvest.Along with the cultivation year after year continuing development and high added value crop of protecting field, the problem of root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease and weeds will be more and more prominent, and will become the key factor of serious restriction protecting field development.According to us in Shandong, Jiangsu, Liaoning, Hebei, Zhejiang, the investigation of the ground such as Henan, the harm of root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease and weeds has become the outstanding problem in Protectorate cultivation.Owing to protecting field investment is big, some process time length, need the method for longer crop rotation time to be difficult to carry out in greenhouse, it is also difficult to accepted by peasant.And one of soil chemistry disinfection technology one preferred technique being increasingly becoming current protecting field agriculture plant protection before planting.
Cyanogen (also known as adiponitrile) is colourless, the severe toxicity of band bitter almond odor, inflammable gas.In pink flame during burning, edge side band is blue, and burning can generate carbon dioxide and nitric oxide.Cyanogen can be used for organic synthesis, makes pesticide, also serves as the fumigant etc. of sterilization, parasite killing.But, cyanogen uses as soil fumigant, the most not relevant report.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of compound cyanogen preventing and treating root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds.
A kind of preventing and treating root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and the compound of weeds, described compound is cyanogen.
Material including following parts by weight: cyanogen 1-25 part, emulsifying agent 20-50 part, excipient and/or filler 5-20 part, water 30-90 part.
Described emulsifying agent is selected from tween 20, tween 80, Polyethylene Glycol, agriculture breast 300#, agriculture breast 400#, agriculture breast 500#, agriculture breast 600#, peaceful breast 34#, rather one or more in breast 37#.
Described excipient is selected from polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, mannitol, microcrystalline Cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, maltodextrin, lactose, mannitol, dextran, one or more in trehalose.
Described filler is selected from cyclodextrin, calcium carbonate, alpha-cellulose, gelatin, arabic gum, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, one or more in kieselguhr.
The application in preventing and treating root-knot nematode and soil-borne disease fungal pathogens of the above-mentioned cyanogen.
Described soil-borne disease fungal pathogens is the raw Fusariumsp of shell, rotten mould, big male phytophthora, beak basidiomycetes, colletotrichum, thick spore Verticillium, pythium oligandrum, rhizoctonia and Verticillium.
The application in controlling weeds of the above-mentioned cyanogen.
Described weeds are Herba euphorbiae lunulatae, Herba Chenopodii Aristati or naked post chrysanthemum.
Compared with prior art, there is advantages that harmful levels of pathogens and nematicide that the compound of the present invention can effectively kill in soil, germination and the growth of weeds can be suppressed, soil disinfection before the kind preventing and treating the crop fields such as vegetable, Fructus Fragariae Ananssae, flowers, melon, nursery, orchard, tea place, vineyard, forest, Chinese herbal medicine, effectively prevent and kill off root-knot nematode, main soil-borne disease fungal pathogens, main grass family and broad leaved weeds etc., the compound cyanogen of the present invention compounds with chloropicrin, has the effect of Synergistic.
Detailed description of the invention
It is described in detail, it is to be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not limited by detailed description of the invention below in conjunction with to the detailed description of the invention of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Reagent agent
99.8% cyanogen (Nantong Shi Zhuan Chemical Co., Ltd.).
For examination soil sample
Soil sample is adopted in Beijing protecting field, and long-term nematicide and disease occur serious, takes after topsoil crosses 2mm sieve, mixes standby.Through analyzing, soil moisture content is 18.76%, pH6.48, soil organic matter content 4.5%, NH4+-N 18.1mg/kg, NO3--N 118.8mg/kg, available phosphorus 552.8mg/kg, effective potassium 666.1mg/kg, belong to sandy loam.
Evaluation index and method
Meloidogyne incognita Meloidogyne incognita, uses centrifuging (Liu Weizhi, 2000)；
The raw Fusariumsp of shell, uses Komada method to separate；
Big male phytophthora, uses Masago method to separate；
Thick spore Verticillium, uses Komada method to separate；
Pythium oligandrum, uses Komada method to separate；
Herba euphorbiae lunulatae, measures bud long；
Herba Chenopodii Aristati, measures bud long.
Naked post chrysanthemum, measures bud long.
By cyanogen with soil quality than 5 concentration for the treatment of 6mg/kg of design, 12mg/kg, 18mg/kg, 24mg/kg, 30mg/kg.
Each process is as follows:
Weigh the ready soil sample of 600g, put in 1.5L exsiccator.During dispenser, cyanogen liquid-transfering gun accurately pipettes.After applying medicament, each Herba Saginae Japonicae processing rapid program request 20 accelerating germination respectively, Herba euphorbiae lunulatae, Herba Chenopodii Aristati, Herba Cirsii and naked post chrysanthemum seed.Stifling 5d at 25 DEG C.Stifling terminate after spacious gas 1d, be then peeled off nematicide and soil-borne disease fungal pathogens, measure simultaneously Herba Saginae Japonicae, Herba euphorbiae lunulatae bud long.And space management is set, each process repeats for 3 times.
Computational methods
Root-knot nematode survival rate and corrected mortality (i.e. preventive effect) calculate with following formula:
Pathogen anti-effectiveness following formula calculates:
Weed-control effect following formula calculates:
Effect to root-knot nematode:
Table 1 cyanogen effect to root-knot nematode
As it can be seen from table 1 the 5 of cyanogen kinds of different amounts all show the strongest suppression killing action to root-knot nematode.Under conditions of concentration is 24mg/Kg, activity is the strongest, and along with the increase of concentration, killing effect no longer strengthens.
The effect of Fusariumsp raw to shell:
The effect of table 2 cyanogen Fusariumsp raw to shell
From table 2 it can be seen that the 5 of cyanogen kinds of different amounts Fusariumsps raw to shell all show the strongest suppression killing action.Under conditions of concentration is 24mg/Kg, activity is the strongest, and along with the increase of concentration, killing effect no longer strengthens.
Effect to big male phytophthora:
Table 3 cyanogen effect to big male phytophthora
From table 3 it can be seen that the 5 of cyanogen kinds of different amounts all show the strongest suppression killing action to big male phytophthora.Under conditions of concentration is 18mg/Kg, activity is the strongest, and along with the increase of concentration, killing effect no longer strengthens.
Effect to thick spore Verticillium:
Table 4 cyanogen effect to thick spore Verticillium
From table 4, it can be seen that the 5 of cyanogen kinds of different amounts all show the strongest suppression killing action to thick spore Verticillium.Under conditions of concentration is 18mg/Kg, activity is the strongest, and along with the increase of concentration, killing effect no longer strengthens.
Effect to pythium oligandrum:
Table 5 cyanogen effect to pythium oligandrum
As can be seen from Table 5,5 kinds of different amounts of cyanogen all show the strongest suppression killing action to pythium oligandrum.Under conditions of concentration is 18mg/Kg, activity is the strongest, and along with the increase of concentration, killing effect no longer strengthens.
Inhibition to Herba euphorbiae lunulatae:
Table 6 cyanogen effect to Herba euphorbiae lunulatae
As can be seen from Table 6,5 kinds of different amounts of cyanogen all show the strongest suppression killing action to Herba euphorbiae lunulatae.Under conditions of concentration is 24mg/Kg, activity is the strongest, and along with the increase of concentration, killing effect no longer strengthens.
Inhibition to Herba Chenopodii Aristati:
Table 7 cyanogen effect to Herba Chenopodii Aristati
As can be seen from Table 7,5 kinds of different amounts of cyanogen all show the strongest suppression killing action to Herba Chenopodii Aristati.Under conditions of concentration is 24mg/Kg, activity is the strongest, and along with the increase of concentration, killing effect no longer strengthens.
Inhibition to naked post chrysanthemum:
Table 8 cyanogen effect to naked post chrysanthemum
As can be seen from Table 8,5 kinds of different amounts of cyanogen all show the strongest suppression killing action to naked post chrysanthemum.Under conditions of concentration is 24mg/Kg, activity is the strongest, and along with the increase of concentration, killing effect no longer strengthens.
Cyanogen preventive effect to naked post chrysanthemum compounding with chloropicrin:
Calculate preventive effect the field efficacy with actual measurement according to Colby method (1966) formula, simply and effectively evaluate the synergy effect of mixture.Computing formula is:
E is the theoretical preventive effect of mixture；N is the quantity of mixed medicament；X1 represents the preventive effect after using the 1st kind of medicament；X2 represents the preventive effect after using the 2nd kind of medicament；Xn represents the preventive effect after using n medicament.When the actual preventive effect of mixture is more than theoretical preventive effect, represent potentiation；When the actual preventive effect of mixture is less than theoretical preventive effect, represent antagonism.
The effect of the mixed post chrysanthemum naked to root of table 9 cyanogens+chloropicrin
As can be seen from Table 9, cyanogen is mixed with chloropicrin all shows the strongest synergistic function to naked post chrysanthemum.Cyanogen is mixed with the four of chloropicrin kinds of different amounts reaches more than 90% to naked post chrysanthemum preventive effect, and synergism is obvious.
Cyanogen preventive effect to Herba Chenopodii Aristati compounding with chloropicrin:
Calculate preventive effect the field efficacy with actual measurement according to Colby method (1966) formula, simply and effectively evaluate the synergy effect of mixture.Computing formula is:
E is the theoretical preventive effect of mixture；N is the quantity of mixed medicament；X1 represents the preventive effect after using the 1st kind of medicament；X2 represents the preventive effect after using the 2nd kind of medicament；Xn represents the preventive effect after using n medicament.When the actual preventive effect of mixture is more than theoretical preventive effect, represent potentiation；When the actual preventive effect of mixture is less than theoretical preventive effect, represent antagonism.
The mixed effect to Herba Chenopodii Aristati of table 10 cyanogens+chloropicrin
As can be seen from Table 10, cyanogen is mixed with chloropicrin all shows the strongest synergistic function to Herba Chenopodii Aristati.Cyanogen is mixed with the four of chloropicrin kinds of different amounts reaches more than 81% to Herba Chenopodii Aristati preventive effect, and synergism is obvious.
Cyanogen preventive effect to stored grain insects compounding with chloropicrin:
Select Semen Maydis warehouse (stored grain insects are that Semen Maydis is moth-eaten), calculate preventive effect the field efficacy with actual measurement according to Colby method (1966) formula, simply and effectively evaluate the synergy effect of mixture.Computing formula is:
E is the theoretical preventive effect of mixture；N is the quantity of mixed medicament；X1 represents the preventive effect after using the 1st kind of medicament；X2 represents the preventive effect after using the 2nd kind of medicament；Xn represents the preventive effect after using n medicament.When the actual preventive effect of mixture is more than theoretical preventive effect, represent potentiation；When the actual preventive effect of mixture is less than theoretical preventive effect, represent antagonism.
The mixed effect to stored grain insects of table 11 cyanogens+chloropicrin
As can be seen from Table 11, cyanogen is mixed with chloropicrin all shows the strongest synergistic function to stored grain insects.Cyanogen is mixed with the four of chloropicrin kinds of different amounts reaches more than 90% to stored grain insects preventive effect, and synergism is obvious.
Embodiment 2
Cyanogen preparation, is made up of the component materials of following parts by weight: cyanogen 15 parts, tween 20 25 parts, polyvinyl alcohol 5 parts, cyclodextrin 5 parts, 50 parts of water.
Before green cucumber, first by soil deep tillage 30cm, ensure that soil has certain humidity, then by above-mentioned cyanogen preparation (according to effective ingredient 10g/m simultaneously2Consumption) mixed soil uses, and uses " counter bury method " overlay film to fumigate 2 weeks, spacious gas 3 days, after being judged without medicament residual by the sprouting laboratory qualitative of cucumber seeds, can plant.
Embodiment 3
Cyanogen preparation, is made up of the component materials of following parts by weight: cyanogen 15 parts, agriculture breast 300#20 part, carboxymethyl cellulose 15 parts, 30 parts of water.
Before Herba Coriandri is planted, first by soil deep tillage 30cm, ensure that soil has certain humidity, then by above-mentioned cyanogen preparation (according to effective ingredient 10g/m simultaneously2Consumption) mixed soil uses, and uses " counter bury method " overlay film to fumigate 2 weeks, spacious gas 3 days, after being judged without medicament residual by the sprouting laboratory qualitative of Semen Coriandri, can plant.
Embodiment 4
Cyanogen preparation, is made up of the component materials of following parts by weight: cyanogen 15 parts, Polyethylene Glycol 15 parts, agriculture breast 400#15 part, 5 parts of mannitol, alpha-cellulose 10 parts, 80 parts of water.
Before Flos Tulipae Gesnerianae is planted, first by soil deep tillage 30cm, ensure that soil has certain humidity, then by above-mentioned cyanogen preparation (according to effective ingredient 10g/m simultaneously2Consumption) mixed soil uses, and uses " counter bury method " overlay film to fumigate 2 weeks, spacious gas 3 days, after being judged without medicament residual by the sprouting laboratory qualitative of Flos Tulipae Gesnerianae seed, can plant.
Embodiment 5
Cyanogen preparation, is made up of the component materials of following parts by weight: cyanogen 25 parts, agriculture breast 500#50 part, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose 8 parts, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae 5 parts, 77 parts of water.
Before Fructus Solani melongenae is planted, first by soil deep tillage 30cm, ensure that soil has certain humidity, then by above-mentioned cyanogen preparation (according to effective ingredient 10g/m simultaneously2Consumption) mixed soil uses, and uses " counter bury method " overlay film to fumigate 2 weeks, spacious gas 3 days, after being judged without medicament residual by the sprouting laboratory qualitative of eggplant seed, can plant.
Embodiment 6
Cyanogen preparation, is made up of the component materials of following parts by weight: cyanogen 18 parts, agriculture breast 600#41 part, microcrystalline Cellulose 5 parts, calcium carbonate 5 parts, 55 parts of water.
Before peanut cultivation, first by soil deep tillage 30cm, ensure that soil has certain humidity, then by above-mentioned cyanogen preparation (according to effective ingredient 10g/m simultaneously2Consumption) mixed soil uses, and uses " counter bury method " overlay film to fumigate 2 weeks, spacious gas 3 days, after being judged without medicament residual by the sprouting laboratory qualitative of peanut seed, can plant.
Embodiment 7
Cyanogen preparation, is made up of the component materials of following parts by weight: cyanogen 18 parts, peaceful breast 34#41 part, 5 parts of mannitol, 5 parts of kieselguhr, 55 parts of water.
Before Fructus Luffae is planted, first by soil deep tillage 30cm, ensure that soil has certain humidity, then by above-mentioned cyanogen preparation (according to effective ingredient 10g/m simultaneously2Consumption) mixed soil uses, and uses " counter bury method " overlay film to fumigate 2 weeks, spacious gas 3 days, after being judged without medicament residual by the sprouting laboratory qualitative of Fructus Luffae seed, can plant.
The specific embodiment being only the present invention disclosed above, but, the present invention is not limited to this, and the changes that any person skilled in the art can think of all should fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. prevent and treat root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and the compound of weeds for one kind, it is characterised in that institute
Stating compound is cyanogen.
2. containing the system of the compound preventing and treating root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds described in claim 1
Agent, it is characterised in that include the material of following parts by weight: cyanogen 1-25 part, emulsifying agent 20-50
Part, excipient and/or filler 5-20 part, water 30-90 part.
Preventing and treating root-knot nematode the most according to claim 2, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and the compound of weeds
Preparation, it is characterised in that described emulsifying agent be selected from tween 20, tween 80, Polyethylene Glycol, agriculture breast
300#, agriculture breast 400#, agriculture breast 500#, agriculture breast 600#, peaceful breast 34#, the one or in peaceful breast 37#
More than Zhong.
Preventing and treating root-knot nematode the most according to claim 2, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and the compound of weeds
Preparation, it is characterised in that described excipient be selected from polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, mannitol,
Microcrystalline Cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, maltodextrin, lactose, mannitol, dextran,
One or more in trehalose.
Preventing and treating root-knot nematode the most according to claim 2, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and the compound of weeds
Preparation, it is characterised in that described filler be selected from cyclodextrin, calcium carbonate, alpha-cellulose, gelatin,
Arabic gum, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, one or more in kieselguhr.
6. prevent and treat root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and the compositions of weeds for one kind, it is characterised in that institute
Stating compositions is cyanogen and chloropicrin.
7. claim 1 or the cyanogen described in claim 6 are former preventing and treating root-knot nematode and soil-borne disease
Application in fungus.
Cyanogen answering in preventing and treating root-knot nematode and soil-borne disease fungal pathogens the most according to claim 7
With, it is characterised in that described soil-borne disease fungal pathogens is the raw Fusariumsp of shell, rotten mould, and big male phytophthora, beak is carried on a shoulder pole
Daughter bacteria, colletotrichum, thick spore Verticillium, pythium oligandrum, rhizoctonia and Verticillium.
9. claim 1 or the application in controlling weeds of the cyanogen described in claim 6.
The cyanogen the most according to claim 9 application in controlling weeds, it is characterised in that
Described weeds are Herba euphorbiae lunulatae, Herba Chenopodii Aristati or naked post chrysanthemum.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107691464A (en) * | 2017-07-15 | 2018-02-16 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A kind of composition and application method for preventing and treating root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogenses and weeds |
| CN107980728A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-04 | 山东省花生研究所 | M hapla Resistance Identification method |
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| CN1156952A (en) * | 1994-07-05 | 1997-08-13 | 联邦科学及工业研究组织 | Cyanogen fumigants and method of fumigation using cyanogen |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107691464A (en) * | 2017-07-15 | 2018-02-16 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | A kind of composition and application method for preventing and treating root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogenses and weeds |
| CN107980728A (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2018-05-04 | 山东省花生研究所 | M hapla Resistance Identification method |
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Application publication date: 20161012 |