CN103300025B - Composition and method for controlling root-knot nematodes, soil-borne pathogenic fungi and weeds - Google Patents
Composition and method for controlling root-knot nematodes, soil-borne pathogenic fungi and weeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN103300025B CN103300025B CN201310258244.5A CN201310258244A CN103300025B CN 103300025 B CN103300025 B CN 103300025B CN 201310258244 A CN201310258244 A CN 201310258244A CN 103300025 B CN103300025 B CN 103300025B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composition and a method for controlling root-knot nematodes, soil-borne pathogenic fungi and weeds in the technical field of pesticides. The composition comprises a metam-sodium preparation and a 1, 3-dichloropropene preparation. When the composition is used, deep tillage is firstly performed on soil, then the metam-sodium preparation and the 1, 3-dichloropropene preparation are mixed according to a certain proportion and then injected into the soil or applied into the soil through a drip irrigation system, the two medicaments can also be successively applied, a reverse burying method is finally adopted for film-covering fumigation for 2-4 weeks, then opening to the air is performed for 3-12 days, and the composition can be planted after a seed germination test of a crop to be cultivated qualitatively judges that no medicament residues exist. The composition is suitable for soil disinfection before planting of crop fields, such as vegetables, strawberries, flowers, melons, nurseries, orchards, tea gardens, vineyards, forests, Chinese herbal medicines and the like, and can effectively control meloidogyne incognita, main soil-borne pathogenic fungi and main grass and broadleaf weeds.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of pesticide, be specifically related to a kind of compoistion and method of use of preventing and treating root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds.
Background technology
Nearly ten years, along with the adjustment of agricultural planting structure, the cultivation of protection ground has had and has developed by leaps and bounds in China.Protection ground, whole nation area is over 2,000,000 hectares.And the cultivation of protection ground is increased farmers' income as one in China; the Important Agricultural measure being changed to modern agriculture by traditional farming; in future, will continue development, the crop of cultivation also by the vegetables by current, strawberry to future developments such as flowers, melon, fruit tree, nursery, Chinese herbal medicines.The development on protection ground; also generation, the development for root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease and weeds provides adapt circumstance, conventionally plants after 3～5 years, and the yield and quality of crop is subject to serious impact; the general underproduction 20～40%, Severe Reduction more than 60% even total crop failure.Along with the continuation development on protection ground and the cultivation year after year of high added value crop, the problem of root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease and weeds will be more and more outstanding, and protect by becoming serious restriction the key factor developing.According to inventor in Shandong, the ground investigation such as Jiangsu, Liaoning, Hebei, Zhejiang, Henan, the outstanding problem that the harm of root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease and weeds has become protection in cultivating.Due to without effectively preventing method, ground peasant uses country's forbidding in a large number in Shandong etc. medicament (as Aldicarb, carbofuran, thimet etc.) control root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease and weeds etc., serious harm people's life and health.Due to protection invest greatly, some processing times are long, method that need to the longer crop rotation time is difficult to carry out in greenhouse, are also difficult to be accepted by peasant.And soil chemistry disinfection technology becomes one of one preferred technique of current protection ground agriculture plant protection just day by day before planting.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed in the economic crops such as current flowers, melon, fruit tree, nursery, Chinese herbal medicine easily raw root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease and weeds, and the problem that is difficult to elimination, a kind of composition of preventing and treating root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds is proposed.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of using method of preventing and treating the composition of root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds.
Prevent and treat a composition for root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds, said composition is comprised of metham-sodium preparation and 1,3-dichloropropylene preparation.
The metham-sodium aqua that described metham-sodium preparation is mass fraction 42% or 35%.
Described 1,3-dichloropropylene preparation is 1 of mass fraction 93.6% or 95%, 3-dichloropropylene missible oil.
Described 1, the composition of 3-dichloropropylene missible oil is: 1,3-dichloropropylene and polysorbas20.
Prevent and treat a method for root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and weeds, carry out in accordance with the following steps:
(1) first soil is ploughed deeply to 25-35cm;
(2) then metham-sodium preparation is pressed to active ingredient 20-30g/m
2with 1,3-dichloropropylene preparation active ingredient 5-15g/m
2after mixing, be injected into soil, the injection degree of depth is 20-30cm; Or be applied in soil by drip irrigation system; Or two kinds of medicaments are injected respectively or pass through dropper systemic application to soil;
(3) last, adopt the anti-method overlay film that buries to fumigate after 2～4 weeks, spacious gas 3-12 days, by after the qualitative judgement of raise crop Seed Germination Test is residual without medicament, can plant.
The active ingredient of described metham-sodium preparation is metham-sodium, described 1, and the active ingredient of 3-dichloropropylene preparation is 1,3-dichloropropylene.
Described crop is vegetables, strawberry, flowers, melon, fruit tree, nursery or Chinese herbal medicine.
Described vegetables are asparagus lettuce or cucumber; Flowers are tulip; Chinese herbal medicine is the root of Dahurain angelica.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: composition of the present invention is to Meloidogyne incognita, reaping hook belongs to fungi, Phytophthora fungi, broad leaved weeds (as piemarker etc.) and grassy weed (as lady's-grass etc.) all have obvious synergistic effect, use conveniently, to crop safety, simultaneously, two kinds of medicaments all do not have residual in soil, to crop safety, composition for preventing and controlling Meloidogyne incognita of the present invention, reaping hook belongs to fungi, Phytophthora fungi, broad leaved weeds and grassy weed effect are excellent, and use cost is well below conventional soil fumigant Celfume etc., and need not be as using the special heating vaporising devices of employing such as Celfume, therefore save a large amount of expenditures, chemical fumigant is generally high malicious chemicals, and one of composition of the present invention metham-sodium low toxicity plays a role by producing methyl-isorhodanate (MITC), another composition 1,3-dichloropropylene is poisoning, and the two all takes soil application in addition, therefore to person poultry safety.Meloidogyne incognita, reaping hook that composition of the present invention is applicable to prevent and treat on the crops such as vegetables, strawberry, flowers, melon, Chinese herbal medicine, nursery, orchard, tea place, forest belong to fungi, Phytophthora fungi, broad leaved weeds and grassy weed etc.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 processes Fusarium effect comparison diagram for each.
Fig. 2 processes piemarker effect comparison diagram for each.
Fig. 3 processes lady's-grass effect comparison diagram for each.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
The reagent that the present embodiment adopts is:
93.6%1,3-dichloropropylene (The Dow Agrosciences, LLC.), abbreviation: 1,3-D;
42% metham-sodium aqua (ShenYang, Liaoning Province good harvest agricultural chemicals Co., Ltd), abbreviation: MS.
For examination soil sample, be:
Soil sample is picked up from Shunyi, Beijing cucumber and is uprooted plants after their edible portions have been harvested, and nematode and disease occur seriously throughout the year, gets topsoil and crosses after 2mm sieve, mixes standby.By analysis, soil moisture content (water: dry ground) be 23.80%, pH6.87, soil organic matter content 32.0g/kg, NH
4+-N3.2mg/kg, NO
3--N53.6mg/kg, available phosphorus 578.0mg/kg, available potassium 1069.0mg/kg, belongs to sandy loam.
Evaluation index and method are:
Meloidogyne incognita Meloidogyne incognita., adopts centrifugal process;
Fusarium Fusarium spp., adopts Komada method separated;
Phytophthora Phytophthora spp., adopts Masago method separated;
Piemarker Abutilon theophrasti, adopts vernier caliper measurement bud long;
Lady's-grass Digitaria sanguinalis, adopts vernier caliper measurement bud long.
Test method
1, dose setting
By metham-sodium (active ingredient) and two concentration for the treatment of 40mg/kg of soil quality ratio design and 20mg/kg (corresponding product quality is 47.22uL/600g, 23.61uL/600g, and 42% metham-sodium aqua density is 1.21g/mL);
By 1,3-D (active ingredient) and soil quality than two concentration for the treatment of 20mg/kg of design and 10mg/kg (corresponding product volume is 10.50uL/600g, 5.25uL/600g, 93.6% 1,3-D missible oil density is 1.22g/mL)
Each processes as follows:
1)1,3-D 10mg/kg
2)1,3-D 20mg/kg
3)MS 20mg/kg
4)MS 40mg/kg
5)1,3-D+MS 10mg/kg+20mg/kg
6)1,3-D+MS 10mg/kg+40mg/kg
7)1,3-D+MS 20mg/kg+20mg/kg
8)1,3-D+MS 20mg/kg+40mg/kg
9)CK
2, process of the test
Take the ready soil sample of 600g, put into 2.5L drier.Each processes program request respectively 10,15, the lady's-grass seed of vernalization and piemarker seed, then 1,3-D and MS is accurately pipetted with liquid-transfering gun respectively.Stifling 5d at 25 ℃.Spacious gas 1d after stifling end, then separated nematode and soil-borne disease fungal pathogens, the bud of simultaneously measuring lady's-grass, piemarker is long.And space management is set, each is processed 3 times and repeats.
3, computational methods
Root-knot nematode survival rate and corrected mortality calculate with following formula:
The total borer population of survival rate %=100 * survival nematode number/confession examination
Corrected mortality %=100 * (processing lethality-contrast lethality)/(1-contrasts lethality) pathogen inhibiting rate calculates with following formula:
Inhibiting rate %=100 * (check plot pathogen quantity-chemicals treatment district pathogen quantity)/check plot pathogen quantity
Weeds inhibiting rate calculates with following formula:
Inhibiting rate %=100 * (blank weeds bud length-chemicals treatment weeds bud is long)/blank weeds bud is long
According to Colby method (1966) formula calculate preventive effect and with the field efficacy of actual measurement, easy, effectively to evaluate mixture synergy effect.Computing formula is:
E＝X
1×X
2...×X
n/100
(n-1)
E is the theoretical preventive effect of mixture; N is the quantity of mixed medicament; X
1represent to use the 1st kind of preventive effect after medicament; x
2represent to use the 2nd kind of preventive effect after medicament medicament; x
nrepresent to use the preventive effect after n kind medicament.When the actual preventive effect of mixture is greater than theoretical preventive effect, represent synergy; When the actual preventive effect of mixture is less than theoretical preventive effect, represent antagonism.
4, measurement result
Effect to root-knot nematode
Table 11, the mixed effect to Meloidogyne incognita of 3-dichloropropylene+metham-sodium
As can be seen from Table 1, four kinds of different amounts of 1,3-dichloropropylene and metham-sodium are mixed has all shown synergistic effect to root-knot nematode.The mixed Meloidogyne incognita corrected mortality of four kinds of different amounts of 1,3-dichloropropylene and metham-sodium has all reached more than 89%, when the high consumption of 1,3-dichloropropylene and metham-sodium is mixed, reaches more than 93%, and synergism is obvious.
Effect to two kinds of main soil-borne disease fungal pathogenses
Table 21, the mixed effect to two kinds of main soil-borne disease fungal pathogenses of 3-dichloropropylene+metham-sodium
From table 2 and Fig. 1, can find out, four kinds of different amounts of 1,3-dichloropropylene and metham-sodium are mixed has all shown synergistic effect to Fusarium and phytophthora.Four kinds of different amounts of 1,3-dichloropropylene and metham-sodium are mixed all to be reached more than 80% Fusarium inhibiting rate, and the inhibiting rate of phytophthora is all reached more than 58%, and synergism is obvious.
Effect to two kinds of main weeds in field
Table 31, the mixed effect to two kinds of main weeds in field of 3-dichloropropylene+metham-sodium
In table 3 and Fig. 2,3, can find out, four kinds of different amounts of 1,3-dichloropropylene and metham-sodium are mixed has all shown synergistic effect to piemarker and lady's-grass.Four kinds of different amounts of 1,3-dichloropropylene and metham-sodium are mixed all to be reached more than 97.70% to piemarker inhibiting rate; Lady's-grass inhibiting rate is all reached to 70%, 1,3-dichloropropylene and lady's-grass inhibiting rate is reached to 98.78% when mixed with metham-sodium high dose.More than illustrate that both pharmacy mix all have fabulous inhibitory action to broad leaved weeds and grassy weed.
Embodiment 2
Before lettuce planting, first soil is ploughed deeply to 30cm, guarantee that soil has certain humidity simultaneously, then by mixed 35% metham-sodium aqua (by active ingredient 25g/m
2consumption) and 93.6% 1,3-dichloropropylene is (by active ingredient 10g/m
2consumption) be evenly injected in soil, finally adopt " the anti-method of burying " overlay film stifling after 2 weeks, spacious gas 3 days, by Germination of Lettuce Seeds test qualitative judgement residual without medicament after, can plant.
Embodiment 3
Before green cucumber, first soil is ploughed deeply to 30cm, guarantee that soil has certain humidity simultaneously, then by mixed 42% metham-sodium aqua (by active ingredient 20g/m
2consumption) and 95% 1,3-dichloropropylene is (by active ingredient 10g/m
2consumption) by drip irrigation system, be evenly applied in soil, finally adopt " the anti-method of burying " overlay film stifling after 3 weeks, spacious gas 7 days, by germination of cucumber seeds test qualitative judgement residual without medicament after, can plant.
Embodiment 4
Before tulip plantation, first soil is ploughed deeply to 35cm, guarantee that soil has certain humidity simultaneously, then by mixed 35% metham-sodium aqua (by active ingredient 20g/m
2consumption) and 93.6% 1,3-dichloropropylene is (by active ingredient 5g/m
2consumption) by drip irrigation system, be evenly applied in soil, finally adopt " the anti-method of burying " overlay film stifling after 4 weeks, spacious gas 10 days, by tulip Seed Germination Test qualitatively judge residual without medicament after, can plant.
Embodiment 5
Before root of Dahurain angelica plantation, first soil is ploughed deeply to 25cm, guarantee that soil has certain humidity simultaneously, then by 95% 1,3-dichloropropylene is (by active ingredient 10g/m
2consumption) be evenly injected in soil, afterwards by 42% metham-sodium aqua (by active ingredient 35g/m
2consumption) by drip irrigation system, be administered in soil, finally adopt " the anti-method of burying " overlay film stifling after 2 weeks, spacious gas 5 days, by root of Dahurain angelica Seed Germination Test qualitatively judge residual without medicament after, can plant.
Embodiment 6
Before strawberry cultivating, first soil is ploughed deeply to 28cm, guarantee that soil has certain humidity simultaneously, then by mixed 35% metham-sodium aqua (by active ingredient 30g/m
2consumption) and 93.6% 1,3-dichloropropylene is (by active ingredient 5g/m
2consumption) by drip irrigation system, be administered in soil, finally adopt " the anti-method of burying " overlay film stifling after 3 weeks, spacious gas 10 days, by germination of strawberry seeds test qualitative judgement residual without medicament after, can plant.
Embodiment 7
Before Tea planting, first soil is ploughed deeply to 35cm, guarantee that soil has certain humidity simultaneously, then by mixed 42% metham-sodium aqua (by active ingredient 20g/m
2consumption) and 95% 1,3-dichloropropylene is (by active ingredient 15g/m
2consumption) be evenly injected in soil, finally adopt " the anti-method of burying " overlay film stifling after 3 weeks, spacious gas 10 days, by tealeaves Seed Germination Test qualitatively judge residual without medicament after, can plant.
Claims (1)
1. a composition of preventing and treating root-knot nematode, soil-borne disease fungal pathogens and the weeds application in controlling weeds, said composition is by metham-sodium and 1,3-dichloropropylene forms, it is characterized in that, described composition in use, the consumption mass ratio of metham-sodium and 1,3-dichloropropylene active ingredient is 1: 1,2: 1 or 4: 1; Described weeds are piemarker and lady's-grass.
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| US20130109570A1 (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2013-05-02 | Honeywell International Inc. | Fumigant compositons and methods |
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