CN102863298B - Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof and method for controlling soil borne disease - Google Patents

Organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof and method for controlling soil borne disease Download PDF

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CN102863298B
CN102863298B CN201210359329.8A CN201210359329A CN102863298B CN 102863298 B CN102863298 B CN 102863298B CN 201210359329 A CN201210359329 A CN 201210359329A CN 102863298 B CN102863298 B CN 102863298B
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dry powder
fertilizer
cauline leaf
component
pellitory
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CN102863298A (en
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张志祥
徐汉虹
张宁
周游
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South China Agricultural University
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South China Agricultural University
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids

Abstract

The invention provides an organic fertilizer which comprises a first component and a second component which have the mass ratio of 1: 1 to 900, wherein the first component is trichloroisocyanuric acid and/or chlorobromoisocyanaria acid, and the second compound is the dry residue pest-control chrysanthemum powder and/or dry pest-control chrysanthemum stem leaf powder. With the adoption of the organic fertilizer, the preparation method of the organic fertilizer and the method for controlling the soil borne disease provided by the invention, the defects that the soil borne disease controlling effect of the dry pest-control chrysanthemum stem leaf powder or the dry residue pest-control chrysanthemum powder is reduced or the effect of the fertilizer is slowly implemented after the dry pest-control chrysanthemum stem leaf powder or the dry residue pest-control chrysanthemum powder is directly applied to the farmland system or is applied to the farmland system after being matured can be overcome; the fertility of the soil can be obviously improved; the output of the crops can be greatly increased; and meanwhile, obvious effect of pest control and sterilizing can be achieved.

Description

Fertilizer and preparation method thereof and a kind of method of preventing and treating soil-borne disease insect pest
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizer, particularly relate to a kind of fertilizer with pesticide-germicide function.
Background technology
Soil-borne disease infects by the soil-borne disease original Plant diseases caused, and belongs to root disease category.Infect cause of disease and comprise fungi, bacterium, actinomycetes, nematode etc.Garden is the important factor affecting agriculture production always.
In recent years, many vegetable plots cause the underproduction to have no harvest due to soil-borne disease, and particularly vegetables physiological disturbance increases the weight of year by year, and disease gets more and more.The pathogenic micro-organism of reason mainly in soil accumulates year by year, and soil-borne disease insect pest is progressively increased the weight of; Growing the same crop for many years in same plot, causes the nutrient deficiency or unbalance of crop institute preference in soil; The secretory product of preceding crop root system and the toxic substance produced in decomposition course, cause murder by poisoning and growth-inhibiting to second stubble crop.As the blight of cucumber and tomato, bacterial wilt, epidemic disease and root knot nematode disease, plant is caused to be wilted in a large number, withered; Continuous cropping continuous cropping disease causes plant short and small, and root system is undeveloped, stiff seedling, Lao Miao, rotten.
Subterranean pest-insect is the mores of causing harm that lives in soil, and be also the important factor affecting agriculture production, all there is generation on paddy field, nonirrigated farmland, hills, hillside, forest land, orchard, grassland etc.Mainly cause harm the underground part of plant or part near the ground (root, block root, stem tuber and young shoot, tender stem, fruit etc.), and it is of a great variety, widely distributed, strong adaptability, disguised strong, thus affect plant growth and even directly cause plant death.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid are strong oxidizer and chlorizating agent, there is efficient, wide spectrum, safer disinfection, there is killing action to bacterium, virus, fungi etc., also have certain killing effect to coccidian oocyst, there is certain insecticidal action simultaneously.Be widely used in the disinfection of health care, epidemic prevention, the germicidal treatment of swimming pool, agriculturally can be used as crop seeds sterilizing agent, crop disease control agent, agricultural land soil sterilizing agent and fruit type vegetable preservation agent.
Pyrethrum (Pyrethyum cinerariifolium Trev. [Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium]) is composite family Pyrethrum plant, calls as pyrethre, with flower or all herbal medicine.People is just had to prevent and treat the insects such as mosquito, flea, cockroach with pyrethrum as far back as 19 beginnings of the century.Some countries in the U.S. and west, pyrethrum is by as the most frequently used domestic hygiene sterilant, and also external application can controlling mange or kill maggot, is the pesticide plant of unique intensive cropping in the world at present.
The root of pyrethrum, stem, leaf all contain the toxic substance-pyrethroid that can kill insect, are used to the very good material producing and prepare various sterilant.Pyrethrum flowers slag is the byproduct of pyrethrum flowers after extracting pyrethrin, in yellow or faint yellow, and bitter, nutrition wherein still containing some amount becomes: dry-matter 88.5%, crude protein 12.1%, crude fat 2.41%, robust fibre 5.8%, coarse ash 7.4%, calcium 0.63%, phosphorus 0.31%, without nitrogen effluent 50.8%, be a kind of high-quality natural biological insecticidal fertilizer, do not plant the natural enemy that trichome plant indirectly can increase red fire ant.
Chemical pesticide bait formulation insecticidal constituent only has one or two kinds, and composition is single, and life-time service red fire ant easily produces resistance, and a large amount of chemical pesticide that uses easily produces pesticide residue, produces pollute environment.Tubatoxin, matrine, goat's horn turn round the plant-sourceds such as glucoside, coniine, veratrine kill ant activeconstituents to red fire ant, there is acute toxic action or preventive effect not obvious.
Pyrethrin is the main insecticidal constituent in pyrethrum flowers.Comprising pyrethrin I and pyrethrin II (Pyrethr-in I & II), cinerin I and cinerin ii (ceinerin I & II) and jasmolin I and jasmolin ii (jasmolin I & II) 6 kinds, pyrethrin is the general name of these insecticidal constituents.At present, pyrethrin is mainly used to the insects such as control prodenia litura, cabbage caterpillar, Americal rice leaf miner and vegetable aphid, but still belongs to blank in the statistics of subterranean pest-insect.
But, with pyrethrum as insecticidal organic fertilizer time, there is some problems.If by its fermentation maturity, then active insecticidal components of may most ofly degrading, although the fertilizer efficiency of improve, significantly can reduce insecticidal activity; If be directly used in farmland sysrem, active insecticidal components and nutritive ingredient release slowly, can not be killed soil in time and pass insect and increase soil fertility.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide that a kind of fertilizer efficiency is high, the significant fertilizer of insecticidal effect.This fertilizer overcome by pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder or pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder directly or be used for farmland sysrem after becoming thoroughly decomposed time the toxic effect decay that causes or fertilizer efficiency discharge defect slowly.
Another technical problem that the present invention solves is to provide a kind of application being used for fertilizer to prevent and treat soil-borne disease insect pest.
The another technical problem that the present invention will solve is to provide a kind of simple method for preparing of fertilizer.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of fertilizer, comprise the first component and the second component, the mass ratio of the first component and the second component is 1:1 ~ 900, wherein, first component is trichloroisocyanuric acid and/or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, and the second component is pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder and/or pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder.
The mass ratio of described first component and the second component is preferably 1:50 ~ 500, is preferably 1:100 ~ 300.
10 ~ 120 mesh sieves crossed by described pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder, are preferably 40 ~ 80 mesh sieves.
Present invention also offers a kind of method of preventing and treating soil-borne disease insect pest, the method is the farmland sysrem imposed on by above-mentioned fertilizer with soil-borne disease insect pest.Especially in the preventing and treating of the soil-borne disease insect pests such as fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, wireworm, grub, black cutworm larvae, Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm, banana root knot nematode, there is unusual effect.
Present invention also offers a kind of preparation method of fertilizer, comprise the following steps:
1) prepare pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder, dry after pellitory root cauline leaf is dried in the shade, then pulverize evenly, obtain pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder;
2) prepare pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder, adopt Sharpe extraction method, supersonic method, microwave extracting or CO 2supercritical fluid extraction means are extracted pyrethrum flowers, obtain pyrethrum flowers slag, dry, then pulverize after being dried in the shade by pyrethrum flowers slag, obtain pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder.
3) trichloroisocyanuric acid and/or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid in mass ratio: pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder and/or pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder=1:1 ~ 900, by trichloroisocyanuric acid and/or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid slowly and admix pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder and/or the step 2 of step 1) gained on a small quantity in multiple times) in the pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder of gained;
Wherein, when the second component of fertilizer is pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder, adopt step 1) and 3);
When the second component of fertilizer is pyrethrum flowers slag, adopt step 2) and 3);
When the second component of fertilizer be pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder and pyrethrum flowers slag mixture time, adopt step 1), 2) and 3).
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, fertilizer of the present invention can significantly improve soil fertility, increases considerably crop yield.
After described fertilizer is imposed on farmland sysrem, the active oxygen that trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid degraded are formed and hypochlorous acid are all strong oxidizers, can oxidative degradation pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder or pyrethrum flowers slag, make it discharge rapidly nutritive ingredient and insecticidal constituent, thus play the object increasing soil fertility fast.As can be seen from testing data equally, full nitrogen in soil, organic matter and pyrethrin content increase sharply after fertilising, within 1st day or the 3rd day, namely peak value is reached after fertilising, and use separately trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, or when using separately pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder or pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder, in soil, the content of full nitrogen, organic matter and pyrethrin almost remains unchanged, and content is starkly lower than the content after application of organic fertilizers, in table 4 and table 10.Can be found out by table 5 and table 8, the present invention significantly can promote that the volume increase of farm crop is had a good harvest, and as shown in table 8, the highest stimulation ratio reaches 26.74%.
2, fertilizer of the present invention has significant Pesticidal and sterilizing effect.
As mentioned above, under the active oxygen that after application of organic fertilizers, pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder or pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder are formed at trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid degraded and hypochlorous effect, discharge rapidly nutritive ingredient and insecticidal constituent, wherein, active oxygen and hypochlorous acid all belong to strong oxidizer, there is the function of good sterilising effect and the native insect that dwells of poisoning, simultaneously, the pyrethrin that pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder or pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder are decomposed to form also has desinsection widely, sterilization effect, active oxygen and hypochlorous acid and pyrethrin coupling, serve the effect of potentiating pesticidal.
3, described fertilizer degraded thoroughly, non-residual toxicity.
The fertilizer imposing on farmland sysrem can thoroughly can be degraded under the effect of trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, non-residual toxicity.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is described in further detail.
Implement 1
1:1 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder=1:1.
Its preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder is prepared
Dry after pellitory root, stem, leaf are dried in the shade, then dry under 50 ° of C conditions, then pulverize, obtain pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder.
(2) sieve
The pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder obtained is crossed 10 orders, 20 orders, 40 orders, 80 orders, 120 mesh sieves respectively, obtains five kinds of varigrained pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder respectively.
(3) trichloroisocyanuric acid in mass ratio: pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder=1:1, by trichloroisocyanuric acid respectively slowly and admix in multiple times in five kinds of pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder of step (2) gained on a small quantity, finally obtains five kinds of varigrained fertilizers.
(3) packing and storing
The fertilizer plastic bag sealing package storage prepared, slowly should reduce pressure during encapsulation and extract air in bag.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid i.e. obtained chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer, its preparation method is identical with above-mentioned steps.
Embodiment 2
1:5 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder=1:5.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid i.e. obtained chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 3
1:20 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder=1:20.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid i.e. obtained chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 4
1:50 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder=1:50.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid i.e. obtained chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 5
1:100 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder=1:100.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid i.e. obtained chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 6
1:300 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder=1:300.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid i.e. obtained chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 7
1:500 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder=1:500.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid i.e. obtained chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 8
1:900 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder=1:900.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 1, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid i.e. obtained chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 9
1:1 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder=1:1.
Its preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) pyrethrum flowers slag is prepared
Collection pyrethrum flowers is for subsequent use, adopts Sharpe extraction method, supersonic method, microwave extracting or CO 2the methods such as supercritical fluid extraction repeatedly extract the effective constituent in pyrethrum flowers, until effective constituent is extracted substantially completely namely obtain the rear residue of pyrethrum flowers extraction.
(2) pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder is prepared
Dry after pyrethrum flowers slag is dried in the shade, then pulverize evenly, obtain pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder.
(3) trichloroisocyanuric acid in mass ratio: pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder=1:1, by trichloroisocyanuric acid respectively slowly and admix in multiple times in the pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder of step (2) gained on a small quantity, makes trichloroisocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer.
(3) packing and storing
The fertilizer plastic bag sealing package storage prepared, slowly should reduce pressure during encapsulation and extract air in bag.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid i.e. obtained chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer, its preparation method is identical with above-mentioned steps.
Embodiment 10
1:5 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder=1:5.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 9, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid i.e. obtained chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 11
1:20 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder=1:20.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 9, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid i.e. obtained chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 12
1:50 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder=1:50.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 9, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid i.e. obtained chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 13
1:100 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder=1:100.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 9, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid i.e. obtained chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 14
1:300 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder=1:300.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 9, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid i.e. obtained chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 15
1:500 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder=1:500.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 9, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid i.e. obtained chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 16
1:900 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio, and this fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder=1:900.
Its preparation method is identical with embodiment 9, just changes each component ratio, is not repeated.
Trichloroisocyanuric acid in the present embodiment is replaced to chlorobromide isocyanuric acid i.e. obtained chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer.
Embodiment 17
1:300 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid mixture+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder and pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder blend organic fertilizer in mass ratio.This fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid mixture+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder and pellitory root cauline leaf powder mixture=1:300, wherein, trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid respectively account for 50% of trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid mixture total mass, and pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder and pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder respectively account for 50% of thing pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder and pellitory root cauline leaf powder mixture total mass.
Embodiment 18
1:300 prepares trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid mixture+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer in mass ratio.This fertilizer each component ratio is:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid mixture+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder and pellitory root cauline leaf powder mixture=1:300, wherein, trichloroisocyanuric acid and the mass ratio of chlorobromide isocyanuric acid in trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid mixture are:
Trichloroisocyanuric acid: chlorobromide isocyanuric acid=2:1;
Pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder and the mass ratio of pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder in pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder and pellitory root cauline leaf powder mixture are:
Pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder: pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder=2:1.
Using method of the present invention is:
During operation, put on plastic glove, directly fertilizer is spread fertilizer over the fields in farmland sysrem, or mix in multiple times on a small quantity with sandy soil, wood chip or other dispersion medium that can spread fertilizer over the fields, then spread fertilizer over the fields in farmland sysrem.The mass ratio of the dispersion medium such as fertilizer of the present invention and sandy soil is preferably 1:10 ~ 500.
Test 1 trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer is tested the prevention effect of soil-borne disease insect pest
The fertilizer being used as test is the pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer of trichloroisocyanuric acid+mistake 80 mesh sieve of different ratio ratio and the pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer of chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+mistake 80 mesh sieve.
Testing sequence: choose the farm crop field that there is certain or certain several garden evil and test.Wherein the efficiency test of wireworm and black cutworm larvae is same place, the same time carries out, and the efficiency test of all the other insect mole crickets, grub, Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm and banana root knot nematode carries out in different location and/or different time; The efficiency test of eggplant verticillium wilt, cucumber fusarium axysporum, Fusarium solani carries out in different location and/or different time.When carrying out certain or certain several garden evil efficiency test, arrange 19 communities respectively, each community is not less than 30m 2, wherein 3 is check plot.The trichloroisocyanuric acid of different ratio ratio+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer directly spread fertilizer over the fields respectively in wherein 8 communities in the consumptions of 50,000 grams/acre, in the consumptions of 50,000 grams/acre, the chlorobromide isocyanuric acid of different ratio ratio+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer is directly spread fertilizer over the fields in other 8 communities respectively, individually use the pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder of trichloroisocyanuric acid, chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and mistake 80 mesh sieves in 3 check plots by the consumptions of 50,000 grams/acre.
Adopt the conventional test of pesticide effectiveness, the prevention effect of fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, wireworm, grub, black cutworm larvae, Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm, banana root knot nematode, eggplant verticillium wilt, cucumber fusarium axysporum, Fusarium solani is observed respectively afterwards one day and three days, wherein, table 1 is the data statistics situation of fertilising after 1 day, and table 2 is the data statistics situation of fertilising after 3 days.
The statistical method of prevention effect of the present invention is as follows:
Insect is passed for soil, the 1st day after using this fertilizer and the 3rd day, respectively certain Mortality of insect of investigation records fertilizer process community and check plot, thus calculate the prevention effect to this kind of insect.
For soil-borne disease, control time is that field starts the 1st day after there is diseased plant and the 3rd day.Diseased plant number, the dead strain number of difference investigation records fertilizer process community and check plot or plant number of obviously withering, thus calculate the prevention effect to this kind of disease.
This test is when statistic data, for using the check plot of trichloroisocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer and using separately the community of trichloroisocyanuric acid, the only prevention effect of statistics fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, wireworm, grub, black cutworm larvae, eggplant verticillium wilt, for using the community of chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer and using separately the check plot of chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, the only prevention effect of statistics Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm, banana root knot nematode, cucumber fusarium axysporum, Fusarium solani.For the check plot of using separately pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder, the prevention effect of statistics fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, wireworm, grub, black cutworm larvae, Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm, banana root knot nematode, eggplant verticillium wilt, cucumber fusarium axysporum, Fusarium solani.
Table 1 trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder organic fertilizer application 1 day prevention effect testing data to soil-borne disease insect pest
Note: in table 1, A is trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, and B is pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder.
Table 2 trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder organic fertilizer application 3 days prevention effect testing datas to soil-borne disease insect pest
Note: A is trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, and B is pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder.
Through observation shows that, compared with controlled trial (i.e. A:B=1:0 or 0:1), after using fertilizer of the present invention, there is significant insecticidal effect, when the mass ratio of trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder is between 1:50 ~ 900, insecticidal effect is the most remarkable, is preferably 1:300 ~ 500.Need the thing illustrated, test 1 only proves that trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer have good pesticide-germicide effect, and above-mentioned test is used different fertilizers respectively to different insects or germ and do not formed restriction to fertilizer function.
Test 2 pellitory root cauline leaf powder sizes to test the prevention effect of soil-borne disease insect pest.
This tests the fertilizer that fertilizer used was 10 orders, five kinds of varigrained pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder of 20 orders, 40 orders, 80 orders, 120 mesh sieves forms with trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid respectively, and often kind of each constituent mass ratio of fertilizer is: trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid: pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder=1:300.
Testing sequence: choose the farm crop field that there is certain or certain several garden evil and test.Wherein to the different grain size efficiency test of wireworm and black cutworm larvae be same place, the same time carries out, the different grain size efficiency test of all the other insect mole crickets, grub, Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm and banana root knot nematode carries out in different location and/or different time; The different grain size efficiency test of eggplant verticillium wilt, cucumber fusarium axysporum, Fusarium solani carries out in different location and/or different time.When carrying out certain or certain several garden evil efficiency test, arrange 10 communities respectively, each community is not less than 30m 2five kinds of varigrained trichloroisocyanuric acids+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer directly spread fertilizer over the fields respectively in wherein 5 different districts by the consumptions of 50,000 grams/acre, varigrained chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer is directly spread fertilizer over the fields in other 5 different districts respectively, adopt the conventional test of pesticide effectiveness, within three days, observe fragrant-flowered garlic maggot afterwards in fertilising, wireworm, grub, black cutworm larvae, Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm, banana root knot nematode, eggplant verticillium wilt, cucumber fusarium axysporum, the prevention effect of Fusarium solani, this test, when statistic data, for five communities of using trichloroisocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer, only adds up fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, wireworm, grub, black cutworm larvae, the prevention effect of eggplant verticillium wilt, for five communities of using chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer, only statistics Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm, banana root knot nematode, cucumber fusarium axysporum, the prevention effect of Fusarium solani.Table 3 is the data statistics situation of fertilising after 3 days.
Table 3 pellitory root cauline leaf powder size is to the prevention effect testing data of soil-borne disease insect pest
Note: in table 3, A is trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, and B is pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder.
Known by testing, along with the reduction of pellitory root cauline leaf powder size, the insecticidal effect of this fertilizer is got over remarkable, and when in fertilizer, pellitory root cauline leaf powder size is between 40 ~ 120 orders, insecticidal effect is more remarkable.
Test the manure trial of 3 trichloroisocyanuric acids+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer
Testing sequence, adopt conventional manure trial, the pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer of trichloroisocyanuric acid+mistake 80 mesh sieve of 1:300 ratio is directly spread fertilizer over the fields in farmland sysrem or spreads fertilizer over the fields in farmland sysrem after mixing with sandy soil, the 0.5th day respectively after fertilising, 1st day, 3rd day, 5th day, full nitrogen in 0 ~ 10cm every kilogram soil to be detected under earth's surface in 7th day and the 15th day, the content of organic matter and pyrethrin, test-results is in table 4, wherein, the mensuration of pyrethrin content adopts liquid chromatography technology, the mensuration of soil nutrient content adopts nutrient determinator to measure.
The manure trial data of table 4 trichloroisocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer
Note: in table 4, A is trichloroisocyanuric acid, and B is pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder.
Test shows, after using fertilizer of the present invention, pyrethrin in soil, full nitrogen and organic content are significantly improved than when using trichloroisocyanuric acid separately or use separately pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder, and, within the 1st day or the 3rd day after fertilising, peak value can be reached, significantly accelerate the degradation speed of pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder, improve soil fertility.
Test 4 trichloroisocyanuric acids or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer to the test of increasing crop yield
This tests fertilizer used is the fertilizer that the pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder of trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+mistake 80 mesh sieve is prepared by different ratios, farm crop selected by this test are wild cabbage and tobacco, wherein, wild cabbage is used to the pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer of trichloroisocyanuric acid+mistake 80 mesh sieve, tobacco is used to the pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer of chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+mistake 80 mesh sieve.Specific operation process is, choose kind of the field having wild cabbage, arrange 10 communities, each community is not less than 30m 2, wherein, 2 communities are check plot, press the consumption application of organic fertilizers of 50,000 grams/acre respectively, use separately pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder, do not use any fertilizer in another check plot a check plot in each community.Fertilization time is after field planting the 7th day.In like manner, identical with wild cabbage to the process of tobacco.In time gathering in the crops, measure the Weight per plant of wild cabbage and tobacco, plant height and output respectively and add up as follows.
Table 5 trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer are to the testing data of increasing crop yield
Note: in table 5, A is trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, and B is pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder.
Test shows, after using this fertilizer, crop yield has had and significantly improves, and when ratio is 1:500, the increase of production rate of wild cabbage is up to 21.36%, and when ratio is 1:300, the increase of production rate of tobacco is up to 19.84%.
Test 5 fertilizer granularities to the test of increasing crop yield
This tests the fertilizer that fertilizer used was 10 orders, five kinds of varigrained pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder of 20 orders, 40 orders, 80 orders, 120 mesh sieves forms with trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid respectively, and often kind of each constituent mass ratio of fertilizer is: trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid: pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder=1:300.
Farm crop selected by this test are wild cabbage and tobacco, wherein, use trichloroisocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer to wild cabbage, use chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer to tobacco.Specific operation process is, choose kind of the field having wild cabbage, arrange 6 communities, each community is not less than 30m 2, one of them is check plot, respectively in each community by the consumption application of organic fertilizers of 50,000 grams/acre, fertilization time is after field planting the 7th day.In like manner, identical with wild cabbage to the process of tobacco.In time gathering in the crops, measure the Weight per plant of wild cabbage and tobacco, plant height and output respectively and add up as follows.
Table 6 fertilizer granularity is to the testing data of increasing crop yield
Test shows, along with the reduction of pellitory root cauline leaf powder size, the fertilizer efficiency of this fertilizer is more remarkable, and effect of increasing production is more obvious.
Test 6 Different Extraction Method to test the prevention effect of soil-borne disease insect pest
Select Sharpe extraction method, supersonic method, microwave extracting and CO respectively 2supercritical fluid extraction means are extracted pyrethrum flowers, after extracting, residue dry powder is made into fertilizer with trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid respectively, and the ratio of this fertilizer is: trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid: pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder=1:150.
Testing sequence: choose the farm crop field that there is certain or certain several garden evil and test.Wherein to the Different Extraction Method efficiency test of wireworm and black cutworm larvae be same place, the same time carries out, the Different Extraction Method efficiency test of all the other insect mole crickets, grub, Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm and banana root knot nematode carries out in different location and/or different time; The Different Extraction Method efficiency test of eggplant verticillium wilt, cucumber fusarium axysporum, Fusarium solani carries out in different location and/or different time.When carrying out certain or certain several garden evil efficiency test, arrange 9 communities respectively, each community is not less than 30m 2, one of them community is check plot, and any fertilizer is not used in this community.The trichloroisocyanuric acid be mixed with by five kinds of different extracting modes by the consumptions of 50,000 grams/acre+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer directly spreads fertilizer over the fields in wherein 4 different districts respectively, the chlorobromide isocyanuric acid be mixed with by five kinds of different extracting modes+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer directly spreads fertilizer over the fields in other 4 different districts respectively, adopt the conventional test of pesticide effectiveness, within three days, observe fragrant-flowered garlic maggot afterwards in fertilising, wireworm, grub, black cutworm larvae, Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm, banana root knot nematode, eggplant verticillium wilt, cucumber fusarium axysporum, the prevention effect of Fusarium solani, this test, when statistic data, for four communities of using trichloroisocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer, only adds up fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, wireworm, grub, black cutworm larvae, the prevention effect of eggplant verticillium wilt, for four communities of using chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder fertilizer, only statistics Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm, banana root knot nematode, cucumber fusarium axysporum, the prevention effect of Fusarium solani.Table 7 is the data statistics situation of fertilising after 3 days.
Table 7 Different Extraction Method is to the prevention effect testing data of soil-borne disease insect pest
Test shows, after application of organic fertilizers, the prevention effect of soil biography insect increases substantially, and insecticidal effect is very remarkable, and Different Extraction Method is on the not too large impact of the toxic effect of fertilizer.
Test 7 Different Extraction Method to increasing crop yield effect test
Select Sharpe extraction method, supersonic method, microwave extracting and CO respectively 2supercritical fluid extraction means are extracted pyrethrum flowers, after extracting, residue dry powder is made into fertilizer with trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid respectively, and the ratio of this fertilizer is: trichloroisocyanuric acid and chlorobromide isocyanuric acid: pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder=1:150.
Farm crop selected by this test are wild cabbage and tobacco, wherein, use trichloroisocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer to wild cabbage, use chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer to tobacco.Specific operation process is, choose kind of the field having wild cabbage, arrange 5 communities, each community is not less than 30m 2, one of them is check plot, does not use any fertilizer.Press the consumption application of organic fertilizers of 50,000 grams/acre respectively in each community, fertilization time is after planting the 7th day.In like manner, identical with wild cabbage to the process of tobacco.In time gathering in the crops, measure the Weight per plant of wild cabbage and tobacco, plant height and output respectively and add up as follows.Statistic data is in table 8.
Table 8 Different Extraction Method is to increasing crop yield effect test data
Test shows, after application of organic fertilizers, the output of farm crop significantly improves, and the growth level impact change of Different Extraction Method on cole crops output is little, but the growth level impact of Different Extraction Method on tobacco plants output is larger, when extracting method is acetone, tobacco production volume increase is particularly remarkable.
Test the test of the fertilizer under 8 different ratio to pest controling effect
Select CO 2pyrethrum flowers slag after supercritical fluid extraction is as the component of fertilizer, itself and trichloroisocyanuric acid are mixed with the fertilizer of different ratios, impose on the 3rd day after farmland sysrem observation fertilizer to the prevention effect of insect, testing data is in table 9, testing sequence is with test 1, only change the fertilizer composition in test 1, in this no longer repeated description.
Fertilizer under table 9 different ratio is to the testing data of pest controling effect
Note: in table 9, A is trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, and B is pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder.
Test shows, compared with controlled trial (i.e. A:B=1:0 or 0:1), after using fertilizer of the present invention, there is significant insecticidal effect, when the mass ratio of trichloroisocyanuric acid or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid and pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder is between 1:50 ~ 900, insecticidal effect is the most remarkable, is preferably 1:300 ~ 500.
Test 9 chlorobromide isocyanuric acids+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer manure trial
Select CO 2pyrethrum flowers slag after supercritical fluid extraction is as the component of fertilizer, by itself and trichloroisocyanuric acid in mass ratio 1:300 be mixed with fertilizer, the content of full nitrogen, organic matter and pyrethrin in 0 ~ 10cm soil under earth's surface is detected in the 0.5th day respectively after broadcast application, the 1st day, the 3rd day, the 5th day, the 7th day and the 15th day, test-results is in table 10, wherein, the mensuration of pyrethrin content adopts liquid chromatography technology, and the mensuration of soil nutrient content adopts nutrient determinator to measure.
Table 10 chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer manure trial data
Note: A is chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, and B is CO 2residue dry powder after supercritical fluid extraction.
Test shows, after using fertilizer of the present invention, pyrethrin in soil, full nitrogen and organic content are significantly improved than when using trichloroisocyanuric acid separately or use separately pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder, and, within the 3rd day after fertilising, peak value can be reached, significantly accelerate the degradation speed of pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder, improve soil fertility.
The fertilizer of testing under 10 different ratio is Effects of Increasing Yield to farming
Select CO 2itself and trichloroisocyanuric acid, as the component of fertilizer, are mixed with the fertilizer of different ratios by the pyrethrum flowers slag after supercritical fluid extraction.After wild cabbage and tobacco plants being used by 50,000 grams/acre, measure wild cabbage, the Weight per plant of tobacco, plant height, often per mu yield and increase of production rate when gathering in the crops, in table 10.
Farm crop selected by this test are wild cabbage and tobacco, wherein, use trichloroisocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer to wild cabbage, use chlorobromide isocyanuric acid+pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder fertilizer to tobacco.Specific operation process is, choose kind of the field having wild cabbage, arrange 10 communities, each community is not less than 30m 2, wherein 2 is check plot, presses the consumption application of organic fertilizers of 50,000 grams/acre respectively, use CO separately a check plot in each community 2pyrethrum flowers slag after supercritical fluid extraction, does not use any fertilizer in another check plot.Fertilization time is after planting the 7th day.In like manner, identical with wild cabbage to the process of tobacco.In time gathering in the crops, measure the Weight per plant of wild cabbage and tobacco, plant height and output respectively and add up as follows.
Fertilizer under table 11 different ratio is Effects of Increasing Yield data to farming
Note: A is chlorobromide isocyanuric acid or trichloroisocyanuric acid, and B is CO 2residue dry powder after supercritical fluid extraction.
Test shows, after using this fertilizer, crop yield has had and significantly improves, and when ratio is 1:500, the increase of production rate of wild cabbage is up to 19.71%, and when ratio is 1:300, the increase of production rate of tobacco is up to 21.94%.

Claims (8)

1. a fertilizer, wherein active ingredient is made up of the first component and the second component, and the mass ratio of the first component and the second component is 1:1 ~ 900, wherein, first component is trichloroisocyanuric acid and/or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid, and the second component is pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder and/or pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder.
2. fertilizer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the mass ratio of described first component and the second component is 1:50 ~ 500.
3. fertilizer according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the mass ratio of described first component and the second component is 1:100 ~ 300.
4. the fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, is characterized in that, 10 ~ 120 mesh sieves crossed by described pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder.
5. fertilizer according to claim 4, is characterized in that, 40 ~ 80 mesh sieves crossed by described pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder.
6. prevent and treat a method for soil-borne disease insect pest, it is characterized in that, arbitrary for claim 1 to 5 described fertilizer is imposed on the farmland sysrem with soil-borne disease insect pest.
7. the method for control soil-borne disease according to claim 6 insect pest, it is characterized in that, described soil-borne disease insect pest is fragrant-flowered garlic maggot, wireworm, grub, black cutworm larvae, Phyllotreta striolata larva, tomato root-knot eelworm, banana root knot nematode, sickle-like bacteria, Verticillium, rhizoctonia.
8. a preparation method for fertilizer described in claim 1, comprises the following steps:
1) prepare pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder, dry after pellitory root cauline leaf is dried in the shade, then pulverize evenly, obtain pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder;
2) prepare pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder, adopt Sharpe extraction method, supersonic method, microwave extracting or CO 2supercritical extraction means are extracted pyrethrum flowers, and obtain pyrethrum flowers and extract rear residue, after being extracted by pyrethrum flowers, residue dries after drying in the shade, and then pulverizes, obtains pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder;
3) trichloroisocyanuric acid and/or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid in mass ratio: pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder and/or pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder=1:1 ~ 900, by trichloroisocyanuric acid and/or chlorobromide isocyanuric acid slowly and admix step 1 in multiple times on a small quantity) the pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder of gained and/or step 2) and gained pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder in;
Wherein, when the second component of fertilizer is pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder, adopt step 1) and 3);
When the second component of fertilizer is pyrethrum flowers slag dry powder, adopt step 2) and 3);
When the second component of fertilizer be pellitory root cauline leaf dry powder and pyrethrum flowers slag powder mixture time, adopt step 1), 2) and 3).
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