CN103269582A - 手部消毒装置 - Google Patents

手部消毒装置 Download PDF

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CN103269582A
CN103269582A CN2011800467511A CN201180046751A CN103269582A CN 103269582 A CN103269582 A CN 103269582A CN 2011800467511 A CN2011800467511 A CN 2011800467511A CN 201180046751 A CN201180046751 A CN 201180046751A CN 103269582 A CN103269582 A CN 103269582A
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disinfection device
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CN103269582B (zh
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布鲁斯·格林
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Tristel PLC
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Abstract

一种手部消毒装置(2)，包括：(a)第一部分(14)，其包括亚氯酸盐溶液并容纳在第一配送装置(4)中，使所述第一部分(14)藉此作为液体的喷雾或喷液配送；及(b)第二部分(16)，其包括酸溶液并容纳在第二配送装置(6)中，使所述第二部分(16)藉此作为第二液体的喷雾或喷液配送；其中当所述第一部分与所述第二部分混合时，所述亚氯酸盐和所述酸将反应以提供二氧化氯；及其中所述第一部分和所述第二部分的等量混合物(18)包含至少15重量%的醇；并且其中所述醇的至少一部分包括3-甲氧基-3-甲基-1-丁醇(MMB)。

Description

手部消毒装置
背景技术
本发明涉及一种手部消毒装置。
医源性感染例如MRSA和艰难梭菌(Clostridium difficile)的上升突出了对清洁的需求。特别地，在临床环境中工作的人需要有效的手部消毒。
发明内容
本发明的各方面在独立权利要求中限定。优选的特征在从属权利要求中限定。
本发明提供具有二氧化氯(ClO2)杀孢子特性的抗菌醇类手部清洗消毒装置带来的有益效果。
所述醇类为3-甲氧基-3-甲基-1-丁醇(MMB)或者包含3-甲氧基-3-甲基-1-丁醇(MMB)，我们已发现其相对于乙醇提供快速的干燥时间并改善肌肤感受。其它醇类可任选地包括在内，特别是乙醇、异丙醇、正丙醇或这些醇的混合物。
我们意外地发现在大量醇的存在下制造ClO2不会显著地导致不期望的醇氧化产物，例如由乙醇得到的乙醛或乙酸。不希望被理论限制，我们相信当液体混合时ClO2与醇类接触的短短时间不允许醇类氧化达到氧化产物气味明显的水平。此外，我们意外地发现亚氯酸钠于醇类介质中在长时期内是稳定的，尽管亚氯酸钠是氧化剂。
配送装置可为常规的触发操控泵或喷雾器，其中内含物通过使用者操纵触发器来手动排出。或者，当触发器工作打开阀门时，配送装置可含有配送所述内含物的推进剂。适宜地配送装置是本领域技术人员所公知的。
在优选的实施方式中，第一配送装置与第二配送装置连接在一起或设置在共同的外壳内。优选地，通过控制单个触发器或者其它传动装置来同时配送两部分。如US5,152,461所述的双配送装置可用于配送所述两部分。该配送装置由两个泵送系统组成，所述两个泵送系统具有操纵两个腔室的单个触发器。这是以精确和固定的比例同时配送所述两个组分的机械式配送装置。所述第一部分和所述第二部分保持分开直到施用的那一刻。或者，可应用非接触式配送装置，当检测到使用者的手部位于合适的位置时，所述非接触式配送装置自动地配送液体或凝胶的双喷雾或喷液。
所述第一部分和所述第二部分各自以液滴的喷雾或液体的喷液形式配送，随后在使用者的手上混合。为了方便在手部的操作，并粘附在手上，每种液体可任选地增稠或胶化以提供更粘稠的液体。为方便起见，本文所使用的术语“液体”包括凝胶。
适宜地胶凝剂是本领域的技术人员所公知的。非限制性的实例包括羟基烷基纤维素，特别是羟乙基纤维素或羟丙基纤维素，明胶、聚(乙烯醇)、藻酸盐、羧甲基纤维素、卡拉胶、瓜尔胶、琼脂胶、阿拉伯胶、茄替胶、刺梧桐胶、黄蓍胶、刺槐豆胶、果胶、聚丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯酸及其同系物、聚乙二醇、聚(乙烯基吡咯烷酮)、淀粉及改性淀粉、罗望子胶、黄原胶。选择胶凝剂以提供具有所需粘性的稳定凝胶结构。胶凝剂可占各部分的约0.1～5重量%，特别是约0.5～3重量%，优选约1～2重量%。
在优选的实施方式中，所述第一部分和所述第二部分中的至少一个包括湿润剂，优选两个部分都包括。湿润剂有助于减少组分的蒸发速度，如果涉及直接接触皮肤则提高产品的触感。我们已发现湿润剂的应用降低了二氧化氯的挥发性，从而减弱了二氧化氯的气味并延长活性混合物的寿命。适宜的湿润剂的非限制性实例包括乳酸钠和多元醇，例如甘油、山梨糖醇、丙二醇、二甘醇和乙二醇。湿润剂可以以任何所需的量存在，特别是约0.1～50重量%，尤其是约0.5～10重量%，优选约1～3重量%。
附图说明
下面将参照附图，以举例说明的方式对本发明作进一步描述，其中：
图1示出根据本发明的一个实施方式的手部消毒装置；
图2示出使用中的图1的手部消毒装置；及
图3示出根据本发明的另一个实施方式的手部消毒装置。
具体实施方式
在本说明书中，所有的份数均以重量计，除非另有说明。
图1所示的手部消毒装置2是双配送装置，其拥有第一配送腔室4和第二配送腔室6。第一腔室4中容纳第一部分14，第一部分14包括亚氯酸盐的含水醇溶液，且第二腔室6中容纳第二部分16，第二部分16包括酸混合物的含水醇溶液。腔室4、6是两个泵送系统的一部分，所述泵送系统经由各自的汲取管20、22通过共用外壳8内的喷嘴10、12来配送其内含物，每个腔室4、6都可拆卸地固定在共用外壳8上。操纵单触发器18使得一定体积的液体从每个腔室4、6同时经由汲取管20、22和喷嘴10、12泵出。喷嘴10、12安置在可调节的喷嘴头28中，可以旋转喷嘴头28以调节液体或凝胶滴的喷雾和喷液之间的液体输出量。配送机构详细描述于US5,152,461和US5,332,157中，其内容在此全部引入本文以供参考。
在本实施例中，第一部分14由表1的配方构成。第二部分16由表2的配方构成。
第一部分和第二部分是可混合的以制造ClO2。然而，它们保持彼此分开直到配送的那一刻，从而确保ClO2仅在液体混合物中形成。
表1
第一部分 %
1 去矿物质水 余量
2 亚氯酸钠溶液(25%) 2.00
3 3-甲氧基-3-甲基-1-丁醇(MMB) 25.00
表2
Figure BDA00002977453100031
现在参照图2，通过使用者的手指在触发器18上的动作，液体以液滴喷雾或喷液的形式从每个喷嘴喷在使用者的手部24上。液体混合以提供包含醇类(在该实施例中为MMB)和ClO2的消毒组合物26。使用者摩擦双手使液体彻底混合，并使消毒组合物26覆盖他的手。
在图3说明的实施方式中，手部消毒装置2为设置于壁挂式壳体30中的非接触式双配送装置。第一腔室4和第二腔室6经由共用外壳8内的分离的管道与相应的喷嘴10、12连接。壳体30具有外壳34，外壳34中安装电气元件(未示出)，包括电池、电机和控制单元，所述控制单元与壳体30底部处的近接传感器32连接。
在应用中，所述共用外壳8设置在外壳34的开口处，并由上部夹板构件36和下部夹板构件38固定，上部夹板构件36和下部夹板构件38与配送机构44上对应的部件40、42接合。在该实施例中，下部夹板构件38可操作地连接到电机(未示出)。当近接传感器32检测到使用者的手部24在喷嘴32、34下方时，控制单元使电机开动以抬起下部夹板构件38，下部夹板构件38顺次抬起接合的部件42并使得第一部分14和第二部分16以细小液滴喷雾的形式同时配送。喷雾在使用者手部24上混合以形成消毒组合物26，使用者摩擦双手使液体彻底混合，并使消毒组合物26覆盖双手。
在通过使用混合物26覆盖和摩擦来彻底消毒使用者的手部之后，使用者可冲洗掉混合物26。然而，醇组分使所述混合物很易恢复，使用者可简单地选择允许他的手部通过蒸发而干燥。
抗生素、抗病毒药物或其它的抗菌剂可任选地混入第一部分和第二部分中的任意一个或者两个中。适宜的试剂是本领域普通技术人员所公知的。实例包括阳离子的、两性的和酚类的试剂。
如本领域本身所公知的，湿润剂、保湿剂和香料可任选地包含在第一部分或者(优选地)第二部分中。
为改进配送装置的包装和防护，防腐抑制剂可包含在第一部分和/或第二部分中。
表1的实施方式提供包含25%醇类和结合后的二氧化氯的液体，我们已发现二氧化氯用作手部消毒剂时提供卓越的杀菌性能。
使用根据EN13727的方法测试表1的实施方式对一系列微生物的有效性。结果列于表3中。
表3
我们已发现MMB作为部分或者全部醇组分的应用与乙醇相比，可提供快速干燥并大大改善肌肤感受的有益效果。MMB也有超出乙醇的有益效果，其是基本上不可燃的。纯的MMB通过塔格闭杯（Tag Closed Cup）测得闪点为68℃，而MMB与10%或者更多水的混合物没有闪点。MMB被认为是非常安全的，没有R标准词和S标准词（R and S phrases）以及职业接触限值（Occupational Exposure Limit）。
表4总结了MMB与水的混合物和乙醇与水的混合物的相对干燥速度。在每种情况下，目视评估0.1ml样品的干燥速度。通过将样品放置在标准滤纸上并测定完全蒸发的时间以确定蒸发速率。将乙醚蒸发时间作为规一值，将每个样品的给出值表达为相对于乙醚的值。
表4
Figure BDA00002977453100052
以上证明可比较的乙醇水溶液和MMB水溶液具有相似的蒸发率。定性试验证明MMB与乙醇相比，大大改善肌肤感受。
虽然MMB因其非常低的可易性和良好的肌肤感受而被应用，但其它醇类诸如乙醇、丙醇或异丙醇也可与MMB结合在配方中应用。我们意外地发现在大量醇类的存在下制造ClO2不会显著地导致不期望的醇氧化产物，例如由乙醇得到的乙醛或乙酸。不希望被理论限制，我们相信当液体混合时ClO2与醇类接触的短短时间不允许醇类氧化达到氧化产物气味明显的水平。此外，我们意外地发现亚氯酸钠在含有高达80%乙醇的醇类介质中，在长时期内是稳定的，尽管亚氯酸钠是氧化剂。因此，本发明可提供一种配送液体或者凝胶组分的手部消毒装置，所述手部消毒装置提供兼有ClO2和醇类两者的杀菌有益效果。
我们研究了大量混入酸相(表2)的添加剂，以减少由于重复使用配方所引起的潜在皮肤刺激。所研究的添加剂为：
1.鲸蜡基三乙基铵二甲聚硅氧烷共聚醇橄榄油酸酯(CetylTriethylmonium Dimethicone Copolyol Olivate)
2.葵花油酰胺丙基三甲基氯化铵PEG-8二甲聚硅氧烷琥珀酸酯(Sunfloweramidopropyl Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride PEG-8DimethiconeSuccinate)
3.金盏花提取物(Calendula Officinialis Extract)
4.甲基硅烷醇甘露糖醛酸酯(Methylsilanol Mannuronate)
5.硅烷二醇水杨酸酯(Silanediol Salicylate)
6.白池花δ-内酯(Meadowfoam Delta Lactone(Limnanthes Alba))
将各种添加剂以1重量%～5重量%加入表2的配方中。试验表明添加剂6)白池花δ-内酯是最有效的。
针对刺激的实验方案
使用表2的酸相，将棉绒垫浸湿并应用到志愿受试者的两前臂内侧3cm区域。通过注意感觉刺激的时间来监控对该应用的反应。结果列于表5中。
表5
基本配方 依照表2 依照表2 依照表2
白池花δ-内酯(重量%) 0% 2.5% 5%
第一个刺激信号 7.3分钟 22.0分钟 一直无刺激
引起了刺激的参与者(%) 100 50 0
虽然该测试没有针对减少由外加损害引起的刺激专门进行抗刺激性测定，但它清楚地表明，白池花δ-内酯至少在一些受试者中提供了有效的抗刺激性能。
可以理解，由于亚氯酸盐和酸液会在施用到使用者的手部上时混合，抗刺激剂可包含在液相的任一或者两者之中。

Claims (13)

1.一种手部消毒装置，包括：
(a)第一部分，其包括亚氯酸盐溶液并容纳在第一配送装置中，使所述第一部分藉此作为第一液体的喷雾或喷液配送；及
(b)第二部分，其包括酸溶液并容纳在第二配送装置中，使所述第二部分藉此作为第二液体的喷雾或喷液配送；
其中当所述第一部分与所述第二部分混合时，所述亚氯酸盐和所述酸将反应以提供二氧化氯；及其中所述第一部分和所述第二部分的等量混合物包含至少15重量%的醇；并且其中
所述醇的至少一部分包括3-甲氧基-3-甲基-1-丁醇(MMB)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的手部消毒装置，其中所述第一部分和所述第二部分各自还包括0.01～1重量%的增稠剂。
3.根据权利要求2所述的手部消毒装置，其中所述增稠剂以0.1～0.25重量%的浓度存在。
4.根据权利要求1所述的手部消毒装置，其中所述第一部分和所述第二部分各自还包括胶凝剂，使含水介质藉此各自呈凝胶状。
5.一种手部消毒装置，包括：
(a)第一部分，其包括凝胶状的亚氯酸盐并容纳在第一配送装置中，使所述第一部分藉此作为第一凝胶的喷雾或喷液配送；及
(b)第二部分，其包括凝胶状的酸并容纳在第二配送装置中，使所述第二部分藉此作为第二凝胶的喷雾或喷液配送；
其中当所述第一部分与所述第二部分混合时，所述亚氯酸盐和所述酸将反应以提供二氧化氯；及其中所述第一部分和所述第二部分的等量混合物包含至少15重量%的醇；并且其中
所述醇的至少一部分包括3-甲氧基-3-甲基-1-丁醇(MMB)。
6.根据前述任一权利要求所述的手部消毒装置，其中所述第一部分和所述第二部分各自包含至少15重量%的醇。
7.根据前述任一权利要求所述的手部消毒装置，其中当等量的所述第一部分与所述第二部分混合时，所述醇以20～80重量%的浓度存在。
8.根据前述任一权利要求所述的手部消毒装置，其中当等量的所述第一部分与所述第二部分混合时，所述醇以25～50重量%的浓度存在。
9.根据前述任一权利要求所述的手部消毒装置，其中基本上所有的醇为MMB。
10.根据前述任一权利要求所述的手部消毒装置，其中所述溶液中的至少一种还包括抗刺激剂，所述抗刺激剂选自鲸蜡基三乙基铵二甲聚硅氧烷共聚醇橄榄油酸酯、葵花油酰胺丙基三甲基氯化铵PEG-8二甲聚硅氧烷琥珀酸酯、金盏花提取物、甲基硅烷醇甘露糖醛酸酯、硅烷二醇水杨酸酯、白池花δ-内酯(Limnanthes Alba)及任意两种或更多种前述的混合物。
11.根据权利要求10所述的手部消毒装置，其中所述抗刺激剂包括白池花δ-内酯。
12.根据权利要求10或11所述的手部消毒装置，其中所述抗刺激剂处于酸溶液中。
13.一种消毒手部的方法，包括使用根据前述任一权利要求的手部消毒装置，配送一些所述第一部分和一些所述第二部分到使用者的手上，摩擦使用者的手以便混合所述两部分并用所得的混合物覆盖使用者的手。
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ES2530958T3 (es) 2015-03-09
EP2621270B1 (en) 2015-01-21
WO2012042243A1 (en) 2012-04-05
SG187670A1 (en) 2013-03-28
GB2484262A (en) 2012-04-11
CN103269582B (zh) 2014-06-11
HK1165674A1 (en) 2012-10-12
CA2813118A1 (en) 2012-04-05
KR20130112890A (ko) 2013-10-14
BR112013007381A2 (pt) 2016-07-12
JP5925208B2 (ja) 2016-05-25
AU2011309893A1 (en) 2013-02-21
GB201016332D0 (en) 2010-11-10
GB2484262B (en) 2013-08-21
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US20130202484A1 (en) 2013-08-08
DK2621270T3 (en) 2015-03-09
JP2013540118A (ja) 2013-10-31
KR101800922B1 (ko) 2017-12-20
PL2621270T3 (pl) 2015-06-30
CA2813118C (en) 2018-10-23

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