CN103238505A - Burdock cultivation method and cultivation device used by same - Google Patents
Burdock cultivation method and cultivation device used by same Download PDFInfo
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- CN103238505A CN103238505A CN2013101891367A CN201310189136A CN103238505A CN 103238505 A CN103238505 A CN 103238505A CN 2013101891367 A CN2013101891367 A CN 2013101891367A CN 201310189136 A CN201310189136 A CN 201310189136A CN 103238505 A CN103238505 A CN 103238505A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a burdock cultivation method and a cultivation device used by the same. The burdock cultivation method utilizes the burdock cultivation device to cultivate the burdock, the burdock cultivation device comprises a pallet, a cultivation bucket and a cultivation column, the cultivation bucket is placed on the pallet, the cultivation column is a hollow column with two ends open, and the tail end of the cultivation column is arranged inside the cultivation bucket; and burdock culture medium is placed inside the cultivation column and the cultivation bucket, burdock seeds are sowed inside the cultivation column, after seedling emergence, final singling is performed in one-tip two-leaf stage after two-time thinning, and one burdock seedling is kept in every column. According to the burdock cultivation method, the special burdock cultivation device is utilized, the burdock can be produced without any restriction from edaphic conditions, the labour intensity is low, and the labour and the time are saved; the burdock culture medium is formed by using edible fungi fungal chaff as raw material, matching with peat and adding other nutrient elements so that the culture medium which is applicable to the soilless culture of the burdock is formed; and not only the fertilizer and the water are saved and the production benefit of the burdock is effectively improved, but also the problem of the pollution of the edible fungi fungal chaff to the environment is solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the vegetable growing field, relate to the culturing device of a kind of burdock cultivation method and use.
Background technology
Burdock is as vegetables, and nutritive value is high.Contain the about 87g of moisture in every 100g fresh vegetable, protein 4.1～4.7g, carbohydrate 3.0～3.5g, fat 0.1 gram, cellulose 1.3～1.5g, carotin are up to 390mg, and vitamin C is l.9mg.Calcic 240mg in mineral matter element, phosphorus 106mg, iron 7.6mg, and contain other various nutrients.The delicate delicious and crisp of burdock fleshy root.Can stir-fry and eat, cook, eat raw or be processed into beverage.The calcium content of burdock is the highest in the middle of the underground rhizome class vegetables, so burdock is the fabulous vegetables of supplemental treatment osteoporosis.The raw fiber that contains in the burdock also is the highest in the underground rhizome class vegetables, and this is the people of constipation for often eating meticulous food, and eating burdock is good Dietotherapy method.
Burdock also has very strong medical value.Modern medicine study is found: the polyyne class material in the radix bardanae, can play excellent antibiotic and antifungic action.Contain multiple polyphenol substance in the radix bardanae, as caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, isochlorogenic acid etc., it is generally acknowledged all has anti-sudden change and anticancer effect, also has between the ability that experiment showed, the radix bardanae antimutagenic effect and its polyphenol content to have positive correlation.Other also has obvious effects as anti-ageing, antibechic, liver protective effect etc.Therefore, we can say that burdock is not only desirable foreign exchange earning vegetables, still traditional Chinese medicine commonly used.
Burdock cultivation than higher, is suitable for that soil layer is deep, draining is good to the requirement of soil, and pH value is 6～7, loose fertile sandy loam cultivation.Need soil deeptillage 0.5～1.1m before the cultivation.Need a large amount of fertilizer vegetative period, is suitable in the abundant loose plot cultivation of organic matter.The blade of burdock is big and many, and transpiration is vigorous, needs the more water supply breeding time.But the root system intolerant to waterlogging in the ground of subterranean water level height or ponding, through more than 2 days, namely can be rotted or divergent root takes place in a large number.So the cultural area of burdock is restricted in the production, concentrate on subterranean water level is low, soil layer is deep sandy loam or loam area mostly, and will ditch at seeding time, the degree of depth of generally ditching reaches about 1 meter, and labour intensity is big, and is time-consuming.
The offcuts of edible fungus bran after as culturing edible fungus are usually arbitrarily abandoned, and along with the development of mushroom industry, edible fungus bran increases day by day, arbitrarily abandons mostly, not only environment is polluted, and the waste resource.Though at present existing edible fungus bran is processed as the report of fertilizer, still no-trump its be used for burdock and cultivate, the relevant report of burdock soilless culture particularly.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the above-mentioned deficiency at prior art, a kind of burdock cultivation method is provided.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of burdock culturing device.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of burdock cultivation method, use burdock culturing device cultivation burdock, described burdock culturing device comprises pallet, cultivation bucket and cultivation post, and described cultivation bucket is positioned on the pallet, the cultivation post is the hollow cylinder of both ends open, and the end of cultivation post places the cultivation bucket; The burdock cultivation matrix of in cultivation post, cultivation bucket, packing into, burdock planting seed in the cultivation post, after emerging through after twice thinning in two leaf one heart stage final singlings, keep a strain in every pipe, be cultured to the burdock maturation.
Described cultivation post is the hollow circular cylinder of both ends open, high 1.0～1.2 meters (when having result of study to show soil cultivation the trench digging degree of depth when 100～120cm on fleshy root length, the ratio of first-grade products indifference remarkable, with 80～90cm ratio, reach significant difference; On the output, 110～120cm is than 100cm and following significant difference), 10～20 centimetres of diameters adopt the pvc pipe material.
Described cultivation bucket back cut diameter is 25～40 centimetres, and base diameter is 20～36 centimetres, and height is 20～40 centimetres.
Described burdock cultivation matrix preferably prepares by the following method: the edible fungus bran after will fermenting and peat are with (2～4): 1 quality gets mixed-matrix than mixing, add urea 1.5～2.5kg in every cubic metre of mixed-matrix, superphosphate 2.0～4.0kg, potassium chloride 1.5～3.0kg and water-loss reducer 1～2kg.
Described edible fungus bran is for being to utilize raw materials such as stalk, wood chip to carry out the edible mushroom substituting stuff cultivation, the medium residue after receiving.Described edible mushroom be in mushroom, straw mushroom, mushroom, Asparagus, auricularia auriculajudae, white fungus, hedgehog hydnum, dictyophora phalloidea, Trichotoma matsutake, dried mushroom, russule, bolete, hickory chick, saddle fungus or the ferfas any one or multiple.Described edible fungus bran can be bought by the commercialization channel and obtain.
Described burdock seed need carry out following processing prior to seeding: soaked the burdock seed 20 to 30 minutes with clear water earlier, then seed put into 50 ?55 ℃ emerge in worm water, kept this water temperature 10 to 15 minutes, add cold water afterwards, after water temperature is reduced to 25 ℃ to 30 ℃, continue seed soaking 8 to 10 hours, seed is put into 20～25 ℃ then and carried out vernalization, treat to sow after 68～75% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.
In the middle and later periods of burdock cultivation, look the plant strain growth situation, apply nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 2～5 grams with water in every cultivation pipe or spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1～2 time.
A kind of device for the burdock cultivation comprises pallet, cultivation bucket and cultivation post, and described cultivation bucket is positioned on the pallet, and the cultivation post is the hollow cylinder of both ends open, and the end of cultivation post places the cultivation bucket.
Described cultivation post is the hollow circular cylinder of both ends open, and is high 1.0～1.2 meters, 10～20 centimetres of diameters.
Described cultivation bucket back cut diameter is 25～40 centimetres, and base diameter is 20～36 centimetres, and height is 20～40 centimetres.
The back cut diameter of described pallet is 25～40 centimetres, and base diameter is 22～38 centimetres, and height is 2～5 centimetres.
Beneficial effect:
The present invention is the innovation of burdock cultivation method, the burdock culturing device that adopts and supporting cultivation method, compare with the soil cultivation burdock, the burdock cultivation can not limited by soil condition fully, matrix is compared with soil, and is more loose, and nutrient component more comprehensively, be fit to the burdock growth more, output and the ratio of first-grade products can be greatly improved.Use the inventive method cultivation burdock to be fit to batch production production and large-scale production more, can greatly reduce labour intensity, saving of work and time is so can significantly reduce labour and production cost.
The offcuts of edible fungus bran after as culturing edible fungus are usually arbitrarily abandoned, and along with the development of mushroom industry, edible fungus bran increases day by day, arbitrarily abandons mostly, not only environment is polluted, and the waste resource.The present invention is directed in the burdock process of growth special requirement to nutriment, adopting edible fungus bran is that raw material is equipped with peat and adds other nutritive elements and makes the burdock cultivation matrix, forms the cultivation matrix that is fit to the burdock soilless culture.Use this matrix and produce burdock, its fertility can satisfy burdock growth needs in the time of infertility, so need not or only need in the cultivation once just can at a small amount of fertilise of mending of middle and later periods, fertilizer and moisture had both been saved, save time again, laborsaving, significantly reduce cost of labor, effectively improve the burdock productivity effect, efficiently solve edible fungus bran simultaneously to the pollution problem of environment, realized the recycling of resource.
Adopt this method to produce burdock, cultivation management is simple, need not topdress or only need chase after disposable fertilizer, and only needing to water get final product, and adds water-loss reducer owing in the cultivation matrix, and the number of times that waters accordingly reduces more than one times.
Adopt this method to produce burdock, commodity of products improves, and the ratio of first-grade products reaches more than 90%, improves more than 10% than the ratio of first-grade products of soil cultivation.
Description of drawings
The structural representation of Fig. 1 embodiment 1 burdock culturing device.
1 is pallet, and 2 are the cultivation bucket, and 3 are the cultivation post, and 4 is matrix.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of device (Fig. 1) for the burdock cultivation, comprise pallet 1, cultivation bucket 2 and cultivation post 3, described cultivation bucket 2 is positioned on the pallet 1, and cultivation post 3 is the hollow circular cylinder of both ends open, the end of cultivation post 3 places cultivation bucket 2, can but must contact cultivation bucket 2 bottoms.
The hollow circular cylinder of described cultivation post both ends open, high 1.0 meters, 15 centimetres of diameters adopt the pvc pipe material.
Described cultivation bucket back cut diameter is 31 centimetres, and base diameter is 24 centimetres, and height is 31 centimetres.
The preferred back cut diameter of described pallet is 28 centimetres, and base diameter is 26 centimetres, and height is 2 centimetres.
Use the device of the burdock cultivation of embodiment 1, the burdock cultivation matrix of in cultivation post 3, cultivation bucket 2, packing into.The burdock cultivation matrix is that (the permanent Austria in Lianyun Harbour reaches fertilizer Co., Ltd with the edible fungus bran after the fermentation, be mainly the offcuts of Asparagus, Xingbao mushroom and straw mushroom) and peat get mixed-matrix with the ratio mixing of 3:1, add urea 2kg in every cubic metre of mixed-matrix, superphosphate 3.0kg, potassium chloride 2.0kg and water-loss reducer 1.5kg gained.
The burdock seed carries out following processing prior to seeding earlier: soaked seed 25 minutes with clear earlier, then seed is put into emerge in worm water about 50-55 ℃, kept this water temperature 10 minutes, add cold water afterwards, water temperature is reduced to 25 ℃ to 30 ℃, continue seed soaking and after 9 hours seed is put into 25 ℃ and carry out vernalization, treat to sow after seed about 70% shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.
Put into 5 burdock seed in every cultivation pipe, after emerging through after twice thinning in two leaf one heart stage final singlings, keep a strain in every pipe.
Fertilising: in the middle and later periods of burdock cultivation, look the plant strain growth situation, every cultivation Guan Zhongke applies N-P-K(15-15-15 with water) Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 2～5 grams or spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and get final product for 2 times.
Water: look the burdock growing state and water supply in media content waters, generally at noon before and after burdock slight wilt and cultivation pipe middle and upper part matrix needs to water when dry appears, water the water yield and be advisable there to be low amounts of water from the cultivation bucket, to be exuded in the pallet after watering.(in matrix, add water-loss reducer owing to adopted, generally can prolong and water water spacer more than 30%.）
Adopt this method to produce burdock, commodity of products improves, and (burdock primes standard: fleshy root length reaches more than the 70cm ratio of first-grade products, the thick 2.5-3.5cm of stem, the thick lateral root more than 0.6cm of acaulescence.) reach 92.5%.
Culturing device is with embodiment 1, cultural method except the burdock cultivation matrix with embodiment 2.
The burdock cultivation matrix of present embodiment prepares by the following method: the mushroom bacteria chaff after the fermentation and peat get mixed-matrix with the ratio mixing of 2:1, add urea 1.5kg in every cubic metre of mixed-matrix, superphosphate 2.0kg, potassium chloride 1.5kg and water-loss reducer 1kg mixing namely get the burdock cultivation matrix.
Adopt this method to produce burdock, commodity of products improves, and the ratio of first-grade products reaches 95%.
Culturing device is with embodiment 1, cultural method except the burdock cultivation matrix with embodiment 2.
The burdock cultivation matrix of present embodiment prepares by the following method: the edible fungus bran after the fermentation and peat get mixed-matrix with the ratio mixing of 4:1, add urea 2.5kg in every cubic metre of mixed-matrix, superphosphate 3.8kg, potassium chloride 3.0kg and water-loss reducer 1.5kg mixing namely get the burdock cultivation matrix.Wherein edible fungus bran is the 1:1 mixture of dried mushroom bacterium chaff and white fungus bacterium chaff.
Adopt this method to produce burdock, commodity of products improves, and the ratio of first-grade products reaches 98.7%.
Embodiment 5
Culturing device is with embodiment 1, cultural method except the burdock cultivation matrix with embodiment 2.
The burdock cultivation matrix of present embodiment is to be the mixed-matrix that mushroom bacterium chaff after the fermentation in the matrix alternate embodiment 1 and peat are formed with the ratio of 3:1 with the mushroom bacterium chaff after the fermentation on the basis of embodiment 1.
Adopt this method to produce burdock, commodity of products improves, and the ratio of first-grade products reaches 71%.
Embodiment 6
Culturing device is with embodiment 1, cultural method except the burdock cultivation matrix with embodiment 2.
The burdock cultivation matrix of present embodiment is the mixed-matrix that mushroom bacterium chaff after the fermentation in the mixed-matrix alternate embodiment of forming with the ratio of 1:1 with the mushroom bacterium chaff after the fermentation and peat on the basis of embodiment 11 and peat are formed with the ratio of 3:1.
Adopt this method to produce burdock, commodity of products improves, and the ratio of first-grade products reaches 65%.
Embodiment 7
Culturing device is with embodiment 1, cultural method except the burdock cultivation matrix with embodiment 2.
The burdock cultivation matrix of present embodiment is the mixed-matrix that mushroom bacterium chaff after the fermentation in the mixed-matrix alternate embodiment of forming with the ratio of 1:2 with the mushroom bacterium chaff after the fermentation and peat on the basis of embodiment 11 and peat are formed with the ratio of 3:1.
Adopt this method to produce burdock, commodity of products improves, and the ratio of first-grade products reaches 47%.
Peat of the present invention is commercially produced product, and commercially available any peat all can be used in the present invention.Peat among the embodiment 2～6 is contained source peat processing factory available from Liaoning Province.
Claims (8)
1. burdock cultivation method, it is characterized in that using burdock culturing device cultivation burdock, described burdock culturing device comprises pallet (1), cultivation bucket (2) and cultivation post (3), described cultivation bucket (2) is positioned on the pallet (1), cultivation post (3) is the hollow cylinder of both ends open, and the end of cultivation post (3) places cultivation bucket (2); Cultivate post (3), cultivating the burdock cultivation matrix of packing in the bucket (2), the burdock planting seed in cultivation post (3), 4～5 burdock seeds of every pipe sowing, after emerging through after twice thinning in two leaf one heart stage final singlings, keep a strain in every pipe, be cultured to the burdock maturation.
2. burdock cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described cultivation post (3) is the hollow circular cylinder of both ends open, and is high 1.0～1.2 meters, and 10～20 centimetres of diameters adopt the pvc pipe material; Described cultivation bucket (2) back cut diameter is 25～40 centimetres, and base diameter is 20～36 centimetres, and height is 20～40 centimetres.
3. burdock cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described burdock cultivation matrix prepares by the following method: the edible fungus bran after will fermenting and peat are with (2～4): 1 quality gets mixed-matrix than mixing, add urea 1.5～2.5kg in every cubic metre of mixed-matrix, superphosphate 2.0～4.0kg, potassium chloride 1.5～3.0kg and water-loss reducer 1～2kg.
4. burdock cultivation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described burdock seed need carry out following processing prior to seeding: soaked the burdock seed 20 to 30 minutes with clear water earlier, then seed put into 50 ?55 ℃ emerge in worm water, kept this water temperature 10 to 15 minutes, add cold water afterwards, water temperature is reduced to 25 ℃ to 30 ℃ after, continue seed soaking 8 to 10 hours, seed is put into 20～25 ℃ then and carried out vernalization, treat to sow after 68～75% seed shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally.
5. burdock cultivation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that looking the plant strain growth situation in the middle and later periods of burdock cultivation, applies nitrogen phosphorus potassium Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium 2～5 grams with water in every cultivation pipe or sprays 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1～2 time.
6. one kind is used for the device that burdock is cultivated, it is characterized in that comprising pallet (1), cultivation bucket (2) and cultivation post (3), described cultivation bucket (2) is positioned on the pallet (1), and cultivation post (3) is the hollow cylinder of both ends open, and the end of cultivation post (3) places cultivation bucket (2).
7. the device for the burdock cultivation according to claim 6 is characterized in that described cultivation post (3) is the hollow circular cylinder of both ends open, and is high 1.0～1.2 meters, 10～20 centimetres of diameters; Described cultivation bucket (2) back cut diameter is 25～40 centimetres, and base diameter is 20～36 centimetres, and height is 20～40 centimetres.
8. the device for burdock cultivation according to claim 6, the back cut diameter that it is characterized in that described pallet (1) is 25～40 centimetres, and base diameter is 22～38 centimetres, and height is 2～5 centimetres.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310189136.7A CN103238505B (en) | 2013-05-20 | 2013-05-20 | Burdock cultivation method and cultivation device used by same |
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| CN201310189136.7A CN103238505B (en) | 2013-05-20 | 2013-05-20 | Burdock cultivation method and cultivation device used by same |
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| CN103238505B CN103238505B (en) | 2015-01-28 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104541901A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-29 | 梁立华 | Planting method of burdocks |
| CN110073961A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-08-02 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of cultural method of fructus arctii |
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| CN110073961A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-08-02 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of cultural method of fructus arctii |
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