CN103228475B - 惯性辅助的发动机曲轴转动 - Google Patents

惯性辅助的发动机曲轴转动 Download PDF

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CN103228475B
CN103228475B CN201180058072.6A CN201180058072A CN103228475B CN 103228475 B CN103228475 B CN 103228475B CN 201180058072 A CN201180058072 A CN 201180058072A CN 103228475 B CN103228475 B CN 103228475B
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motor
explosive motor
kinetic energy
drive system
accessory drive
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CN103228475A (zh
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J.P.奥布里恩
D.M.巴恩斯
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Cummins Inc
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/003—Starting of engines by means of electric motors said electric motor being also used as a drive for auxiliaries, e.g. for driving transmission pumps or fuel pumps during engine stop
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/006—Starting of engines by means of electric motors using a plurality of electric motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N5/00—Starting apparatus having mechanical power storage
    • F02N5/04—Starting apparatus having mechanical power storage of inertia type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/268—Electric drive motor starts the engine, i.e. used as starter motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • B60K2025/005—Auxiliary drives driven by electric motors forming part of the propulsion unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K25/00—Auxiliary drives
    • B60K25/02—Auxiliary drives directly from an engine shaft
    • B60K2025/022—Auxiliary drives directly from an engine shaft by a mechanical transmission
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Drives, Propulsion Controls, And Safety Devices (AREA)

Abstract

公开了惯性辅助发动机起动设备和方法。该设备包括内燃发动机和包括附件的附件驱动系统。附件包括可转动构件。电动机有选择地转动连接到附件驱动系统上。机械连接装置有选择地将转动动能从附件驱动系统传递以起动内燃发动机。

Description

惯性辅助的发动机曲轴转动
相关申请的交叉引用
本发明是2010年10月1日提交的、名为“INERTIA ASSISTED ENGINE CRANKING（惯性辅助的发动机曲轴转动）”的美国专利申请No.12/924,585的继续申请，其在此结合作为参考。
背景技术
环境关注和有限的自然资源使减少燃料消耗的需求变得重要。一个减少燃料消耗的有希望的手段是使用混合动力动力系。许多混合动力应用使用起动/停止功能以消除发动机怠速工作。由于整个发动机寿命中增加的起动次数，起动/停止功能需要更耐用和昂贵的起动部件。内燃发动机的起动过程需要需要大量的能量。因此，为了增加效率和降低生产成本，在该领域中需要进一步的技术发展。
发明内容
本申请的一个实施例是利用动能以起动内燃发动机的独特设备和方法。从以下说明书和附图中，进一步的实施例，形式，目标，特征，优点，方法和益处将变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1是惯性辅助发动机曲轴转动设备的一个实施例的示意图。
图2是惯性辅助发动机曲轴转动设备的部件视图的一个实施例的示意图。
图3是用于使用惯性以起动内燃发动机的程序的示意性流程图。
图4是用于使用惯性以起动内燃发动机的另一程序的示意性流程图。
图5是用于使用惯性以起动内燃发动机的另一个程序的示意性流程图。
具体实施方式
为了促进对本发明的原理的理解，现在将对附图中示出的实施例作出参考并且具体的语言将用来描述相同的内容。然而将要理解的是并不旨在对本发明的范围构成限制，在此包含示出的实施例中的任意改变和进一步修改，以及在此所示的本发明原理下由本领域技术人员正常地作出的任意进一步应用。
图1是惯性辅助发动机曲轴转动系统100的一个实施例。系统100包括操作地连接到附件驱动系统106的马达108。附件驱动系统106通过机械连接装置110操作地连接到内燃发动机104上。内燃发动机104机械地连接到变速器112上，该变速器112转而机械地连接到可操作以驱动车辆102的轮轴116的差速器114上。
当内燃发动机104关闭时，附件驱动系统106可以由马达108提供动力。当内燃发动机104将起动时，机械连接装置110有选择地传递存储在附件驱动系统106中的转动动能以起动或辅助内燃发动机104的起动。当附件驱动系统106缺乏足够的转动动能以起动内燃发动机104时，马达108可以提供额外的能量以帮助起动内燃发动机104。电动机108可以是异步马达发电机，感应马达，同步马达发电机或能够为附件驱动系统106提供动力并且在一些应用中产生能量的任意类型的马达。
在某些实施例中，系统100进一步包括构成为执行某些操作的控制器118。控制器118可以与马达108，内燃发动机104，和附件驱动系统106中的至少一个通信。在一个具体实施例中，控制器118是内燃发动机104的ECU的部件并且与内燃发动机104，附件驱动系统106，以及马达108通信。在某些实施例中，控制器形成处理子系统的一部分，该处理子系统包括具有存储，处理，和通信硬件的一个或多个计算装置。控制器可以是单个装置和分布装置，控制器的功能可以通过硬件或软件执行。
图2是本发明的一个实施例的惯性辅助发动机曲轴转动设备的部件视图的示意图。系统200包括附件驱动系统106，该附件驱动系统106包括附件202。附件202包括可转动构件204。电动机108可操作以使用作为动力源的电能存储装置214为附件驱动系统106提供动力。机械连接装置110可操作以将附件驱动系统106和内燃发动机104机械地连接。第二电动机212可以提供机械动力至内燃发动机104和/或附件驱动系统106以帮助起动内燃发动机104。第二电动机212还可以使用电能存储装置214作为动力源。
当内燃发动机104关闭时，电动机108可以可操作为附件驱动系统106提供动力。在发动机工作期间电动机108还可以部分地驱动附件驱动系统106，其将更有效率或便于电力地驱动附件202。在发动机工作期间，通过机械连接装置110附件驱动系统106可以完全由内燃发动机104提供动力。电动机108可以是能够提供扭矩以协助内燃发动机104的马达/发电机并且能够吸收再生制动能量以为电能存储装置214充电。
为了起动内燃发动机104，来自位于附件202内部的可转动构件24的动能将被管理。附件202的可转动构件204可以是能够存储动能的任意的可转动装置。存储在电动机108中的动能可以与附件202的动能结合地使用以起动或帮助起动内燃发动机104。附件驱动系统106中的附件202可以包括冷却风扇206，HVAC制冷压缩机，发动机冷却泵，空气泵，交流发电机，多个皮带轮，以及在汽车和工业机械产业中通常使用的能够包含于前端附件驱动（FEAD）的其它附件。在一些应用中，电动机108的惯性可大于附件驱动系统106的附件202的惯性，并且因此可以是起动或帮助起动内燃发动机104的动能的主要来源。控制器118可以与电动机108，第二电动机212，附件驱动系统106，以及内燃发动机104通信。控制器118可以是ECU的子部件或其可以是独立的控制器。
内燃发动机104可以是柴油发动机，天然气发动机，汽油发动机，或本领域公知的任意其它内燃发动机。内燃发动机104通过机械连接装置110有选择地连接到附件驱动系统106。机械连接装置110允许选择内燃发动机104与附件202的动能以及电动机108的动能之间的连接性。机械连接装置110可以是滑动离合器，开关类型离合器，变速器，或能够将内燃发动机104与附件驱动系统106连接或断开连接的任意类型的机械或液压装置。第二电动机212可以有选择地连接到内燃发动机104和/或附件驱动系统106以提供额外扭矩以起动发动机。第二电动机212可以是起动马达；然而，可以使用能够通过附件驱动系统106直接地或间接地提供额外力矩至内燃发动机104的任意类型的马达。此外，第二电动机212可以是能够帮助对电能存储装置214充电的电动机/发电机。
在本申请的一个实施例中，通过附件驱动系统106与电动机108的结合的惯性的使用，电动机108的尺寸可以相对于在起动/停止混合动力应用中通常使用的典型的起动机马达的尺寸减小。通过减少电力起动马达的扭矩需求，本应用可以提供具有低噪声，振动，和不平顺性（NVH）的快速起动。
在某些实施例中，控制器118包括构成为功能地执行控制器118的操作的一个或多个模块。包括模块的此处描述重点是控制器方面的结构独立性，并且示出了一个组群的操作和控制器的响应性。执行类似的总体操作的其它的组群可以理解在本申请的范围内。模块可以以计算机可读介质上的硬件和/或软件来实施，并且模块可以分布在多个硬件或软件部分件中。译码数据值包括，并不限制为，读取来自存储位置的值，接收数据链上的值，接收作为物理值的值（例如，来自传感器的电压读数），和/或计算来自一个或多个其它参数的值。
图3是用于使用惯性以起动内燃发动机的程序的示意性流程图。程序300可以通过模块302确定附件驱动系统和/或电动机的转速开始。操作304确定附件驱动系统的转速和/或电动机的转速是否大于预定速度。预定速度可以是有足够的存储的动能以起动发动机时的速度，附件正有效地提供动力时的速度，足够的动能被存储以允许起动马达的尺寸在尺寸上减小时的速度，或确定为需要的任意其它速度。如果操作304已经确定转速不大于预定速度，模块306转动附件驱动系统和/或电动机以获得预定速度。在附件驱动的预定速度已经满足后，模块308将附件驱动连接至内燃发动机。操作310确定是否足够的动能存储在附件驱动中以起动内燃发动机以及是否内燃发动机执行冷起动。冷起动方案的一些例子是如果发动机油或冷却剂接近环境温度；然而，其它各种技术包括可以使用发动机运行时间确定冷起动。如果操作310作出确定没有足够的动能，或冷起动情况存在，模块312可以提供额外的扭矩至内燃发动机。如果操作310确定存在足够的动能起动内燃发动机或如果模块312已经提供了额外扭矩至发动机，则模块314将从附件驱动系统传递动能以起动发动机。操作318然后确定是否内燃发动机起动。如果内燃发动机起动，则模块316可以至少部分地用来自内燃发动机的能量提供动力至附件驱动系统，如果其更有效率的话；否则，电动机将继续提供动力至附件驱动系统。内燃发动机在马达的帮助下可以提供一部分动力至附件驱动系统，如果其构造将更有效或更需要的话。
图4是用于使用惯性以起动内燃发动机的另一程序的示意性流程图。程序400从模块402开始，操作车辆动力系统。模块404用电动机为装置提供动力。模块406存储动能在装置和/或电动机中。操作410确定是否存储了足够的动能以起动发动机。如果操作310确定没有存储足够的动能以起动发动机，模块408可以提供额外扭矩至发动机以帮助起动。操作412确定是否需要平滑的离合器接合。如果需要平滑的离合器接合，模块414控制马达扭矩至平滑的离合器接合。模块416接合可操作的离合器以将存储的动能传递至发动机。模块418将来自附件驱动系统的动能传递至发动机。模块420用存储的动能单独地起动发动机或用存储的动能和由模块408提供的额外的马达扭矩起动发动机。一旦发动机起动，模块422可以通过机械连接装置用发动机为装置部分地提供动力。
图5是用于使用惯性以起动内燃发动机的另一个程序的示意性流程图。程序500可以由用马达/发电机产生电力的模块502开始。模块504可以存储由模块502产生的电能。模块506是可操作的以关闭发动机。模块508操作包括发动机和电动机的车辆动力系统。模块510提供机械动力至包括可转动构件的系统附件。模块512存储可转动构件中的转动动能。模块514可操作以存储转动动能在电动机中。操作516确定是否存储了足够的动能以起动发动机。如果操作516确定没有存储足够的动能起动发动机，则模块518提供额外扭矩至发动机。模块520传递存储的动能至发动机。模块420可操作以通过从模块520传递的动能或用动能和由模块518提供的额外扭矩起动发动机。
在本申请的一个实施例中，对于热起动（例如，内燃发动机油和/或冷却剂接近正常操作温度）内燃发动机正在运行。监控控制器命令内燃发动机关闭。命令关闭可以在固定或可变量的发动机怠速时间后或在其它环境下认为需要增加效率时发送。在切断至内燃发动机的燃料并且发动机旋转减速的同时当马达采用附件驱动系统负载时，内燃发动机与附件驱动系统之间的滑动离合器打开。在发动机停机操作期间，马达驱动附件驱动系统。为了避免NVH，可以协调滑动离合器工作与马达控制。为了重新启动内燃发动机，滑动离合器接合并且马达开始产生额外扭矩。内燃发动机利用从附件驱动系统以及马达传递的惯性以及由马达产生的额外扭矩加快旋转。当内燃发动机点火时，其可以采用附件负载并且可以由马达帮助，这样其更有效率使用电能而不是机械能驱动附件驱动系统。
在本申请的另一个实施例中，为了冷起动（即，内燃发动机正在从钥匙关闭位置打开），内燃发动机停止并且连接内燃发动机与附件驱动系统的滑动离合器打开。当发动机将起动时，马达旋转附件驱动系统至预定速度。预定速度可以是附件驱动系统的工作速度。为了避免NVH，可以协调滑动离合器工作与马达控制。当附件驱动系统到达预定速度时，当马达开始产生额外扭矩以帮助转动内燃发动机曲轴转动时离合器接合。内燃发动机利用从附件驱动系统以及马达传递的惯性以及由马达产生的额外扭矩加快旋转。当发动机点火时，其可以采用附件负载并且可以由马达帮助，这样其更有效率使用电能而不是机械能驱动附件驱动系统。
尽管本发明在附图以及上述描述中已经示出并且详细描述了，但同样实质上被认为是示意性而不是限制性的，应当理解仅仅示出和描述了某些示例性实施例并且在本发明的精神内的全部改变和修改是希望被保护的。在阅读权利要求时，当使用诸如“一”、“一个”、“至少一个”或“至少一部分”的文字时，并不旨在将权利要求限制为仅仅一个物品，除非在权利要求中明确地相反描述。当使用语言“至少一部分”和/或“一部分”时，物品可以包括部分和/或全部物品，除非明确地相反描述。

Claims (25)

1.一种利用动能以起动内燃发动机的设备，包括：
包括曲轴的内燃发动机；
附件驱动系统，其包括附件，所述附件包括可转动构件；
电动机，其构造成有选择地驱动附件驱动系统以用于转动可转动构件；
机械连接装置，其构造成有选择地传递来自附件驱动系统的转动动能到曲轴；以及
控制器，其操作地与所述机械连接装置和所述电动机连接；
其中所述控制器构造成：
将所述附件驱动系统连接到曲轴；
确定是否所述附件驱动系统存储足够的动能来起动内燃发动机；以及
如果所述附件驱动系统没有存储足够的动能来起动内燃发动机，控制电动机的操作以增加提供到曲轴来起动内燃发动机的扭矩；
其中控制器是可操作的以用所述附件驱动系统的存储的动能单独地起动内燃发动机或用所述附件驱动系统的存储的动能结合来自电动机操作的扭矩起动内燃发动机。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中附件是从以下构成的附件组中选择：冷却剂泵，冷却风扇，压缩机，以及内燃发动机交流发电机。
3.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中电动机用一个或多个附件共同提供进一步的转动动能以起动内燃发动机。
4.根据权利要求1所述的设备，还包括另一电动机以有选择地提供转动的机械动力至附件驱动系统和内燃发动机中的至少一个。
5.根据权利要求1所述的设备，还包括电能存储装置以有选择地提供电力至电动机并且其中电动机构成为有选择地产生通过电能存储装置存储的电能。
6.根据权利要求5所述的设备，其中电动机是异步马达发电机。
7.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其中内燃发动机进一步包括柴油内燃发动机。
8.一种利用动能以起动内燃发动机的方法，包括：
确定附件驱动系统和电动机中至少一个的转速；
确定转速是否超过预定速度；
响应于转速超过预定速度，将附件驱动连接至内燃发动机；
响应于连接，确定是否有足够的动能来起动内燃发动机，并且如果没有足够的动能来起动内燃发动机，控制电动机以增加提供来起动内燃发动机的能量；
其中用动能而没有来自电动机操作的能量起动内燃发动机或用动能结合来自电动机操作的能量起动内燃发动机。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法，还包括转动附件驱动系统和电动机中的至少一个以获得预定速度。
10.根据权利要求8所述的方法，还包括将电动机中的动能传递至内燃发动机以起动内燃发动机。
11.根据权利要求8所述的方法，还包括在冷起动的情况下提供额外扭矩以起动内燃发动机。
12.根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中一旦内燃发动机起动，内燃发动机至少部分地为附件驱动系统提供动力。
13.根据权利要求8所述的方法，还包括有选择地产生并且存储来自电动机的电能。
14.一种利用动能以起动内燃发动机的方法，包括：
操作包括内燃发动机，电动机以及装置的车辆动力系统，所述装置从以下构成的装置组中选择：风扇，泵，压缩机，以及内燃发动机交流发电机；
用电动机为装置提供动力；
在电动机和装置中的至少一个中存储动能；
传递所述动能至内燃发动机；并且
确定是否有足够的动能来起动内燃发动机；以及
如果没有足够的动能来起动内燃发动机，控制电动机以增加提供来起动内燃发动机的能量；
其中用动能而没有来自电动机操作的能量起动内燃发动机或用动能结合来自电动机操作的能量起动内燃发动机。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中传递至少一部分动能以起动内燃发动机进一步包括接合离合器。
16.根据权利要求14所述的方法，进一步包括控制电动机扭矩至平滑的离合器接合。
17.根据权利要求14所述的方法，还包括提供额外扭矩以起动内燃发动机。
18.根据权利要求14所述的方法，进一步包括在内燃发动机起动后用内燃发动机至少部分地为装置提供动力。
19.一种利用动能以起动内燃发动机的设备，包括：
内燃发动机；
包括一个或多个附件的附件驱动系统，所述附件每个都包括用于存储转动动能的可转动构件；
用于驱动附件驱动系统的装置；
用于传递动能以起动内燃发动机的装置；
控制器，其操作地与用于驱动附件驱动系统的装置和用于传递旋转动能的装置连接；
其中所述控制器构造成：
控制用于传递动能的装置以提供存储的旋转动能来转动内燃发动机；
确定是否有足够的存储的旋转动能来起动内燃发动机；以及
如果没有足够的存储的动能来起动内燃发动机，控制用于驱动附件系统的装置的操作以增加提供到曲轴来起动内燃发动机的扭矩；
其中控制器是可操作的以用存储的旋转动能起动内燃发动机或用存储的旋转动能结合来自用于驱动附件驱动系统的装置的能量起动内燃发动机。
20.根据权利要求19所述的设备，其中用于驱动附件驱动系统的装置提供转动动能，同时用来自一个或多个附件的转动动能起动内燃发动机。
21.根据权利要求19所述的设备，其中用于存储转动动能的装置包括以下至少一个：冷却剂泵，冷却风扇，压缩机，以及电动机。
22.根据权利要求19所述的设备，其中用于驱动附件驱动系统的装置进一步包括选择性的电动机/发电机和电能存储装置。
23.根据权利要求19所述的设备，其中内燃发动机进一步配备了用于起动/停止功能的装置。
24.根据权利要求19所述的设备，进一步包括用于在冷起动条件下起动的装置。
25.根据权利要求19所述的设备，进一步包括确定转速是否超过预定速度的装置。
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US8833324B2 (en) 2014-09-16
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