CN103228136A - 来自天然油复分解的脂肪酰胺及衍生物 - Google Patents
来自天然油复分解的脂肪酰胺及衍生物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103228136A CN103228136A CN2011800570620A CN201180057062A CN103228136A CN 103228136 A CN103228136 A CN 103228136A CN 2011800570620 A CN2011800570620 A CN 2011800570620A CN 201180057062 A CN201180057062 A CN 201180057062A CN 103228136 A CN103228136 A CN 103228136A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- amide
- ester
- fatty acid
- derivant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 150000002193 fatty amides Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 205
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- -1 imidazoline amides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 96
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 91
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 91
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 83
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 82
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 81
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 81
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 52
- 241001597008 Nomeidae Species 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- HXMVNCMPQGPRLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyputrescine Chemical group NCCC(O)CN HXMVNCMPQGPRLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940043237 diethanolamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical group NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012874 anionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012875 nonionic emulsifier Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002453 shampoo Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OPKOKAMJFNKNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylethanolamine Chemical compound CNCCO OPKOKAMJFNKNAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002769 thiazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005686 cross metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminoethylethanolamine Chemical compound NCCNCCO LHIJANUOQQMGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005872 self-metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001180 sulfating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 132
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 122
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 95
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 72
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 71
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 58
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 57
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 53
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 51
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 45
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 38
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 32
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 28
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 25
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 description 24
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 18
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 17
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 16
- QYDYPVFESGNLHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N elaidic acid methyl ester Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC QYDYPVFESGNLHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 15
- HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminopropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CN HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 13
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 13
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 12
- DUWQEMMRMJGHSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl dodec-9-enoate Chemical class CCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC DUWQEMMRMJGHSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- FIKAKWIAUPDISJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L paraquat dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].C1=C[N+](C)=CC=C1C1=CC=[N+](C)C=C1 FIKAKWIAUPDISJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 11
- DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N (e)-4-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)but-2-en-1-ol Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC2=C1N=CN2C\C=C\CO DYLIWHYUXAJDOJ-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 10
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 10
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 9
- QYMFNZIUDRQRSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butanedioate;dimethyl hexanedioate;dimethyl pentanedioate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC(=O)OC.COC(=O)CCCC(=O)OC.COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC QYMFNZIUDRQRSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 9
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 241001080929 Zeugopterus punctatus Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 7
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diol Chemical class CCC(O)O ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- PXMNMQRDXWABCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1CC(O)(C(C)(C)C)CCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 PXMNMQRDXWABCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005839 Tebuconazole Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- MRUAUOIMASANKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-O carboxymethyl-[3-(dodecanoylamino)propyl]-dimethylazanium Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NCCC[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O MRUAUOIMASANKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 6
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-[2-[(2-acetyloxyphenyl)methyl-(2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)amino]ethyl]amino]acetate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(OC(C)=O)C=1CN(CC(=O)OC)CCN(CC(=O)OC)CC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O OJURWUUOVGOHJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HSNQNPCNYIJJHT-ISLYRVAYSA-N trans-octadec-9-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC HSNQNPCNYIJJHT-ISLYRVAYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CMCBDXRRFKYBDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecoxydodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCCCC CMCBDXRRFKYBDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbut-2-ene Chemical compound CC=C(C)C BKOOMYPCSUNDGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000005906 Imidacloprid Substances 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N Linoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-HZJYTTRNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- KHAVLLBUVKBTBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=C KHAVLLBUVKBTBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940056881 imidacloprid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidacloprid Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C1/NCCN1CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002329 infrared spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229940102253 isopropanolamine Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- QYDYPVFESGNLHU-KHPPLWFESA-N methyl oleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC QYDYPVFESGNLHU-KHPPLWFESA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- KFYRJJBUHYILSO-YFKPBYRVSA-N (2s)-2-amino-3-dimethylarsanylsulfanyl-3-methylbutanoic acid Chemical compound C[As](C)SC(C)(C)[C@@H](N)C(O)=O KFYRJJBUHYILSO-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 3
- FCDPQMAOJARMTG-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzylidene-[1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazolidin-2-ylidene]-dichlororuthenium;tricyclohexylphosphanium Chemical compound C1CCCCC1[PH+](C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1.CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1N(CCN1C=2C(=CC(C)=CC=2C)C)C1=[Ru](Cl)(Cl)=CC1=CC=CC=C1 FCDPQMAOJARMTG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013527 degreasing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005237 degreasing agent Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012973 diazabicyclooctane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940073769 methyl oleate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- IZFGRAGOVZCUFB-HJWRWDBZSA-N methyl palmitoleate Chemical class CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC IZFGRAGOVZCUFB-HJWRWDBZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 3
- KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylimidazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound CC1(C)N(Cl)C(=O)N(Cl)C1=O KEQGZUUPPQEDPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Heptene Chemical compound CCCCCC=C ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XMTQQYYKAHVGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3,4-DICHLOROPHENYL)-1,1-DIMETHYLUREA Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 XMTQQYYKAHVGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQDPJFUHLCOCRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hexene Chemical compound CCC=CCC ZQDPJFUHLCOCRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000005510 Diuron Substances 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000002989 Euphorbia neriifolia Species 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RCEAADKTGXTDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N OS(O)(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[Na] Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCC[Na] RCEAADKTGXTDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000589517 Pseudomonas aeruginosa Species 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- MXWJVTOOROXGIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N atrazine Chemical compound CCNC1=NC(Cl)=NC(NC(C)C)=N1 MXWJVTOOROXGIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OMFRMAHOUUJSGP-IRHGGOMRSA-N bifenthrin Chemical compound C1=CC=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C(C)=C1COC(=O)[C@@H]1[C@H](\C=C(/Cl)C(F)(F)F)C1(C)C OMFRMAHOUUJSGP-IRHGGOMRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 2
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorosulfonic acid Substances OS(Cl)(=O)=O XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- QDRSJFZQMOOSAF-IHWYPQMZSA-N cis-9-undecenoic acid Chemical compound C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O QDRSJFZQMOOSAF-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 description 2
- VURFVHCLMJOLKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphane Chemical compound PP VURFVHCLMJOLKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl ether Chemical compound CCCOCCC POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WBZKQQHYRPRKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(=O)S(O)(=O)=O WBZKQQHYRPRKNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ILRSCQWREDREME-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O ILRSCQWREDREME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012239 gene modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005017 genetic modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013617 genetically modified food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002768 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006317 isomerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000020778 linoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N linoleic acid Natural products CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O OYHQOLUKZRVURQ-IXWMQOLASA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940050906 magnesium chloride hexahydrate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- DHRRIBDTHFBPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dichloride hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] DHRRIBDTHFBPNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000010358 mechanical oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- YRHYCMZPEVDGFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl decanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC YRHYCMZPEVDGFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JGHZJRVDZXSNKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl octanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OC JGHZJRVDZXSNKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HNXNKTMIVROLTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyldecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(=O)N(C)C HNXNKTMIVROLTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002811 oleoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N palmitoleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O SECPZKHBENQXJG-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012106 screening analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000020354 squash Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008053 sultones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thionyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(Cl)=O FYSNRJHAOHDILO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluralin Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C(C(F)(F)F)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O ZSDSQXJSNMTJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021081 unsaturated fats Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N (6E,10E,14E,18E)-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosa-2,6,10,14,18,22-hexaene Chemical compound CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C YYGNTYWPHWGJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWWVWXASSLXJHU-AATRIKPKSA-N (9E)-tetradecenoic acid Chemical compound CCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O YWWVWXASSLXJHU-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUGCWLAORFBCKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxy-1-oxododecane-2-sulfonic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCC(S(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)OC SUGCWLAORFBCKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-D Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005631 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- OZKLKDKGPNBGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Dodecenoic acid Natural products CCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O OZKLKDKGPNBGPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-CMDGGOBGSA-N 9E-Heptadecenoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-CMDGGOBGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FKLSONDBCYHMOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9E-dodecenoic acid Natural products CCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O FKLSONDBCYHMOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWWVWXASSLXJHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9E-tetradecenoic acid Natural products CCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O YWWVWXASSLXJHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- GIWFVDPQWPOXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCCCCCCC=CCC)(=O)O.C(CCCCCCCC=CCC)(=O)O Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCC=CCC)(=O)O.C(CCCCCCCC=CCC)(=O)O GIWFVDPQWPOXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FISSNXRKDMAHLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N C=CCCCCCCCC(N(CCO)CCO)=O Chemical compound C=CCCCCCCCC(N(CCO)CCO)=O FISSNXRKDMAHLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWEXKDITTLGWNB-ONEGZZNKSA-N CC/C=C/CCCCCCCC(N(CCO)CCO)=O Chemical compound CC/C=C/CCCCCCCC(N(CCO)CCO)=O NWEXKDITTLGWNB-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UADSXJIEPPNBSV-AATRIKPKSA-N CN(C)CCCNC(CCCCCCC/C=C/CCCCCCCC(NCCCN(C)C)=O)=O Chemical compound CN(C)CCCNC(CCCCCCC/C=C/CCCCCCCC(NCCCN(C)C)=O)=O UADSXJIEPPNBSV-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Chinese gallotannin Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005747 Chlorothalonil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101150090596 DMA2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000035126 Facies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910004373 HOAc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004166 Lanolin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000170916 Paeonia officinalis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006484 Paeonia officinalis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021319 Palmitoleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- WUGQZFFCHPXWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanolamine Chemical compound NCCCO WUGQZFFCHPXWKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical compound C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019485 Safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000191940 Staphylococcus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019486 Sunflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BHEOSNUKNHRBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetramethylsqualene Natural products CC(=C)C(C)CCC(=C)C(C)CCC(C)=CCCC=C(C)CCC(C)C(=C)CCC(C)C(C)=C BHEOSNUKNHRBNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009470 Theobroma cacao Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000851 Vaccinium corymbosum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003095 Vaccinium corymbosum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017537 Vaccinium myrtillus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052768 actinide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002152 alkylating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000686 benzalkonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940073608 benzyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PNPBGYBHLCEVMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylidene(dichloro)ruthenium;tricyclohexylphosphanium Chemical compound Cl[Ru](Cl)=CC1=CC=CC=C1.C1CCCCC1[PH+](C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1.C1CCCCC1[PH+](C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 PNPBGYBHLCEVMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021014 blueberries Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940075397 calomel Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000828 canola oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019519 canola oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003833 cell viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002788 cetrimonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C WOWHHFRSBJGXCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical class ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorothalonil Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C1Cl CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SECPZKHBENQXJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cis-palmitoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O SECPZKHBENQXJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001332 colony forming effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005687 corn oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002285 corn oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004064 cosurfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001212 derivatisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N diisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)NC(C)C UAOMVDZJSHZZME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimercury dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Hg][Hg]Cl ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecahydrosqualene Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SYELZBGXAIXKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyldimethylamine N-oxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)[O-] SYELZBGXAIXKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- SFNALCNOMXIBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol monododecyl ether Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCO SFNALCNOMXIBKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005417 food ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940083122 ganglion-blocking antiandrenergic bisquaternary ammonium compound Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000008131 glucosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011984 grubbs catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008241 heterogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008172 hydrogenated vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M iron chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Fe] FBAFATDZDUQKNH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006101 laboratory sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940039717 lanolin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005078 molybdenum compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002752 molybdenum compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021281 monounsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003541 multi-stage reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002889 oleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003346 palm kernel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019865 palm kernel oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N palmitic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002943 palmitic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentene Chemical group CCCC=C YWAKXRMUMFPDSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000020777 polyunsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013324 preserved food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- YXIIPOGUBVYZIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyraflufen Chemical compound ClC1=C(OC(F)F)N(C)N=C1C1=CC(OCC(O)=O)=C(Cl)C=C1F YXIIPOGUBVYZIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003233 pyrroles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000005713 safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003813 safflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001507 sample dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012488 sample solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002374 sebum Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YZHUMGUJCQRKBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium chlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)=O YZHUMGUJCQRKBT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940079827 sodium hydrogen sulfite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940048842 sodium xylenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- STALRSGFKGSZDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;2-sulfododecanoic acid Chemical compound [Na].[Na].CCCCCCCCCCC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O STALRSGFKGSZDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1C QUCDWLYKDRVKMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940031439 squalene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N squalene Natural products CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC=C(/C)CCC=C(/C)CC=C(C)C)C)C)C TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002600 sunflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012970 tertiary amine catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- FKLSONDBCYHMOQ-ONEGZZNKSA-N trans-dodec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O FKLSONDBCYHMOQ-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclohexylphosphine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010913 used oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
- C09D7/63—Additives non-macromolecular organic
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests containing liquids as carriers, diluents or solvents
- A01N25/04—Dispersions, emulsions, suspoemulsions, suspension concentrates or gels
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/30—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests characterised by the surfactants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
- A01N33/02—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
- A01N33/12—Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/44—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a nitrogen atom attached to the same carbon skeleton by a single or double bond, this nitrogen atom not being a member of a derivative or of a thio analogue of a carboxylic group, e.g. amino-carboxylic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N41/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom
- A01N41/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a sulfur atom bound to a hetero atom containing a sulfur-to-oxygen double bond
- A01N41/04—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
- A61K8/41—Amines
- A61K8/416—Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
- A61K8/42—Amides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/40—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing nitrogen
- A61K8/44—Aminocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. aminocarboxylic acids containing sulfur; Salts; Esters or N-acylated derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/30—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds
- A61K8/46—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur
- A61K8/466—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition containing organic compounds containing sulfur containing sulfonic acid derivatives; Salts
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K8/00—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations
- A61K8/18—Cosmetics or similar toiletry preparations characterised by the composition
- A61K8/92—Oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrogenation products thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q17/00—Barrier preparations; Preparations brought into direct contact with the skin for affording protection against external influences, e.g. sunlight, X-rays or other harmful rays, corrosive materials, bacteria or insect stings
- A61Q17/005—Antimicrobial preparations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q19/00—Preparations for care of the skin
- A61Q19/10—Washing or bathing preparations
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
- A61Q5/02—Preparations for cleaning the hair
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61Q—SPECIFIC USE OF COSMETICS OR SIMILAR TOILETRY PREPARATIONS
- A61Q5/00—Preparations for care of the hair
- A61Q5/12—Preparations containing hair conditioners
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62D—CHEMICAL MEANS FOR EXTINGUISHING FIRES OR FOR COMBATING OR PROTECTING AGAINST HARMFUL CHEMICAL AGENTS; CHEMICAL MATERIALS FOR USE IN BREATHING APPARATUS
- A62D1/00—Fire-extinguishing compositions; Use of chemical substances in extinguishing fires
- A62D1/0071—Foams
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C209/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C209/04—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups
- C07C209/06—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of halogen atoms
- C07C209/12—Preparation of compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton by substitution of functional groups by amino groups by substitution of halogen atoms with formation of quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C211/00—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C211/01—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C211/20—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic unsaturated carbon skeleton
- C07C211/21—Monoamines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C219/00—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C219/02—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having esterified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C219/04—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having esterified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
- C07C219/08—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having esterified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having at least one of the hydroxy groups esterified by a carboxylic acid having the esterifying carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom of an acyclic unsaturated carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C231/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
- C07C231/12—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides by reactions not involving the formation of carboxamide groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
- C07C233/01—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C233/02—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having nitrogen atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals
- C07C233/09—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having nitrogen atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals with carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to carbon atoms of an acyclic unsaturated carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
- C07C233/01—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C233/16—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
- C07C233/17—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom
- C07C233/20—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom having the carbon atom of the carboxamide group bound to a carbon atom of an acyclic unsaturated carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C233/00—Carboxylic acid amides
- C07C233/01—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C233/34—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by amino groups
- C07C233/35—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by amino groups with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom
- C07C233/38—Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by amino groups with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom having the carbon atom of the carboxamide group bound to a carbon atom of an acyclic unsaturated carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C237/00—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups
- C07C237/02—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the carbon atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
- C07C237/16—Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the carbon atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and unsaturated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C303/00—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides
- C07C303/02—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of sulfonic acids or halides thereof
- C07C303/18—Preparation of esters or amides of sulfuric acids; Preparation of sulfonic acids or of their esters, halides, anhydrides or amides of sulfonic acids or halides thereof by reaction of sulfides with compounds having functional groups with formation of sulfo or halosulfonyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
- C07C309/01—Sulfonic acids
- C07C309/02—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C309/03—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
- C07C309/13—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton containing nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups, bound to the carbon skeleton
- C07C309/14—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton containing nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups, bound to the carbon skeleton containing amino groups bound to the carbon skeleton
- C07C309/15—Sulfonic acids having sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton containing nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups, bound to the carbon skeleton containing amino groups bound to the carbon skeleton the nitrogen atom of at least one of the amino groups being part of any of the groups, X being a hetero atom, Y being any atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C309/00—Sulfonic acids; Halides, esters, or anhydrides thereof
- C07C309/63—Esters of sulfonic acids
- C07C309/64—Esters of sulfonic acids having sulfur atoms of esterified sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C309/70—Esters of sulfonic acids having sulfur atoms of esterified sulfo groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of a carbon skeleton substituted by carboxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C69/52—Esters of acyclic unsaturated carboxylic acids having the esterified carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom
- C07C69/533—Monocarboxylic acid esters having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C69/52—Esters of acyclic unsaturated carboxylic acids having the esterified carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom
- C07C69/593—Dicarboxylic acid esters having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D233/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings
- C07D233/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D233/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D233/24—Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring
- C08G65/26—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds
- C08G65/2603—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen
- C08G65/2615—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring from cyclic ethers and other compounds the other compounds containing oxygen the other compounds containing carboxylic acid, ester or anhydride groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/01—Hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/20—Carboxylic acid amides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
- C09D7/45—Anti-settling agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K15/00—Anti-oxidant compositions; Compositions inhibiting chemical change
- C09K15/04—Anti-oxidant compositions; Compositions inhibiting chemical change containing organic compounds
- C09K15/28—Anti-oxidant compositions; Compositions inhibiting chemical change containing organic compounds containing nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K23/00—Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing, or foam-producing agents
- C09K23/22—Amides or hydrazides
- C09K23/24—Amides of higher fatty acids with aminoalkylated sulfonic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/52—Compositions for preventing, limiting or eliminating depositions, e.g. for cleaning
- C09K8/524—Compositions for preventing, limiting or eliminating depositions, e.g. for cleaning organic depositions, e.g. paraffins or asphaltenes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/54—Compositions for in situ inhibition of corrosion in boreholes or wells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
- C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
- C11C3/04—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils
- C11C3/08—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils with fatty acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/002—Surface-active compounds containing sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
- C11D1/12—Sulfonic acids or sulfuric acid esters; Salts thereof
- C11D1/28—Sulfonation products derived from fatty acids or their derivatives, e.g. esters, amides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
- C11D1/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/38—Cationic compounds
- C11D1/65—Mixtures of anionic with cationic compounds
- C11D1/652—Mixtures of anionic compounds with carboxylic amides or alkylol amides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/74—Carboxylates or sulfonates esters of polyoxyalkylene glycols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/83—Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
- C11D1/90—Betaines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
- C11D1/92—Sulfobetaines ; Sulfitobetaines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
- C11D1/94—Mixtures with anionic, cationic or non-ionic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/48—Medical, disinfecting agents, disinfecting, antibacterial, germicidal or antimicrobial compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/36—Sulfur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds
- C08K5/41—Compounds containing sulfur bound to oxygen
- C08K5/42—Sulfonic acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D2111/00—Cleaning compositions characterised by the objects to be cleaned; Cleaning compositions characterised by non-standard cleaning or washing processes
- C11D2111/10—Objects to be cleaned
- C11D2111/12—Soft surfaces, e.g. textile
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Dermatology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
公开了脂肪酰胺组合物及其衍生物。所述脂肪酰胺包含复分解生成的C10-C17单不饱和酸、十八碳烯-1,18-二酸、或它们的酯衍生物与伯胺或仲胺的反应产物。也包括了通过对脂肪酰胺进行还原、季铵化、磺化、烷氧基化、硫酸化、和亚硫酸化而制备的衍生物。胺反应物可以是二乙烯三胺或(2-氨基乙基)乙醇胺,所述二乙烯三胺或(2-氨基乙基)乙醇胺分别提供咪唑啉酰胺或酯。在一个方面中,C10-C17单不饱和酸或十八碳烯-1,18-二酸的酯衍生物为低级烷基酯。在其它方面中,酯衍生物为通过天然油的自复分解而制备的改性的甘油三酯,或通过天然油与烯烃的交叉复分解而制备的不饱和甘油三酯。组合物对清洁剂、织物处理、头发护理、个人护理、抗微生物组合物、农业用途、以及油田应用是有价值的。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及源自可再生资源的脂肪酰胺和衍生物组合物,特别是源自天然油及其复分解产物的脂肪酰胺和衍生物组合物。
发明背景
脂肪酰胺是脂肪酸或酯(包括油和甘油三酯)与胺的反应产物。胺可以是氨或者伯胺或仲胺(例如,二甲基胺、乙醇胺、异丙醇胺或二乙醇胺)。另一类重要的脂肪酰胺产品是通过将脂肪酸或酯与二乙烯三胺(DETA)、(2-氨基乙基)乙醇胺(AEEA)等反应而制备的咪唑啉。咪唑啉是特别有意义的,因为它们可以被季铵化以提高水溶性并扩展其适用性。脂肪酰胺包括咪唑啉及其季铵盐化合物,在多种最终用途应用中是有用的,所述最终用途包括柔软织物(参见第7,304,026号美国专利和第2007/0054835号美国专利申请)、头发护理(第3,642,977号和第6,306,805号美国专利,以及第2006/0128601号美国专利申请)、洗涤剂(第3,696,043号、第3,759,847号、和第6,057,283号美国专利)、洗手皂(第4,668,422号美国专利)、农业助剂(第5,622,911号美国专利和第2011/0124505号美国专利申请)、和官能化的单体(第2009/0143527号美国专利申请)。
用于制备脂肪酰胺的脂肪酸或酯通常是由甘油三酯的水解或酯交换制备的,所述甘油三酯通常为动物或植物脂肪。因此,酸或酯的脂肪酸部分通常具有6-22个碳,具有饱和和内部不饱和链的混合。根据来源,脂肪酸或酯的C16至C22组分通常是占优势的。例如,豆油的甲醇分解提供了饱和的棕榈酸(C16)和硬脂酸(C18)的甲酯,和不饱和的油酸(C18单不饱和)、亚油酸(C18双不饱和)和α-亚麻酸(C18三不饱和)的甲酯。在这些酸中的不饱和基仅为或主要为顺式构型。
近来复分解催化剂的改进(参见J.C.Mol,Green Chem.4(2002)5)提供了由富C16至C22天然油如豆油或棕榈油来生成链长度降低的单不饱和原料的机会,所述单不饱和原料对于制备洗涤剂和表面活性剂是有价值的。豆油和棕榈油可以比例如椰子油更加经济,所述椰子油是用于制备洗涤剂的传统的起始原料。如Mol教授所说明的,复分解依赖于通过由过渡金属卡宾复合物引起的碳-碳双键的断裂和重整,将烯烃转化为新产物。不饱和脂肪酸酯的自复分解可以提供起始原料、内部不饱和的烃、和不饱和二酯的平衡混合物。例如,油酸甲酯(顺式-9-十八碳烯酸甲酯)部分转化为9-十八碳烯和9-十八碳烯-1,18-二酸二甲酯,两种产物均主要由反式异构体组成。复分解有效地使油酸甲酯的顺式双键异构化以在“未转化的”起始原料和复分解产物中得到顺式和反式异构体的平衡混合物,以反式异构体为主。
不饱和脂肪酸酯与烯烃的交叉复分解生成新的烯烃和具有降低的链长度和可能难以制备的新的不饱和酯。例如,油酸甲酯和3-己烯的交叉复分解提供了3-十二碳烯和9-十二碳烯酸甲酯(也参见第4,545,941号美国专利)。末端烯烃是特别希望的合成目标,并且Elevance Renewable Sciences,Inc.最近描述了通过内烯烃和α-烯烃在钌亚烷基催化剂的存在下的交叉复分解反应制备末端烯烃的改进的方式(参见第2010/0145086号美国专利申请公开)。描述了涉及α-烯烃和不饱和脂肪酸酯(作为内烯烃来源)的各种交叉复分解反应。因此,例如豆油与丙烯反应接着水解得到(其中包括)1-癸烯、2-十一碳烯、9-癸烯酸、和9-十一碳烯酸。尽管具有降低的链长度和/或主要具有反式构型的不饱和基的不饱和脂肪酸酯是可得的(来自天然油和烯烃的交叉复分解),但是由这些原料制备的脂肪酰胺及其衍生物似乎是未知的。此外,脂肪酰胺及其衍生物还没有由C18不饱和二酯制备过,所述C18不饱和二酯可以容易地通过天然油的自复分解制备。
总之,用于制备脂肪酰胺及其衍生物的脂肪酸和酯的传统来源通常主要(或仅)具有顺式异构体,并且相对缺少短链(例如,C10或C12)不饱和脂肪酸部分。复分解化学提供了生成具有更短的链和主要具有反式异构体的前体的机会,当前体转化为下游组合物(例如,在表面活性剂中)时,可以使其具有改进的性能。新的C18双官能脂肪酰胺及其衍生物也可能由油或C10不饱和酸或酯的自复分解得到。除了扩展的各种前体外,存在于前体中的不饱和基允许例如通过磺化或亚硫酸化进一步官能化。
发明概述
在一个方面中,本发明涉及脂肪酰胺组合物。所述酰胺包含复分解生成的C10-C17单不饱和酸、十八碳烯-1,18-二酸、或它们的酯衍生物与氨或者伯胺或仲胺的反应产物。本发明包括通过对脂肪酰胺进行还原、季铵化、磺化、烷氧基化、硫酸化和亚硫酸化中的一种或多种而制备的衍生物。在特定的方面中,胺的反应物是二乙烯三胺或(2-氨基乙基)乙醇胺,所述二乙烯三胺或(2-氨基乙基)乙醇胺分别提供咪唑啉酰胺或酯。在一个方面中,C10-C17单不饱和酸或十八碳烯-1,18-二酸的酯衍生物为低级烷基酯。在其它方面中,酯衍生物为通过天然油的自复分解而制备的改性的甘油三酯,或通过天然油与烯烃的交叉复分解而制备的不饱和甘油三酯。脂肪酰胺及其衍生物对多种最终使用是有价值的,所述最终使用包括清洁剂、织物处理、头发护理、个人护理(液体清洁产品、护理皂、口腔护理产品)、抗微生物组合物、农业用途、以及油田应用。
发明详述
在一个方面中,本发明涉及脂肪酰胺组合物,所述组合物包含复分解生成的C10-C17单不饱和酸、十八碳烯-1,18-二酸、或其酯衍生物与氨或者伯胺或仲胺的反应产物。
用作反应物的C10-C17单不饱和酸、十八碳烯-1,18-二酸、或其酯衍生物来自天然油的复分解。传统地,这些物质,特别是短链酸及衍生物(例如,9-癸烯酸或9-十二碳烯酸)是难以获得的,除了以实验室规模的量获得,并且费用相当高之外。然而,由于最近在复分解催化剂中的发展,这些酸及其酯衍生物目前能够以合理的成本大量得到。因此,C10-C17单不饱和酸和酯通过天然油与烯烃的交叉复分解来便利地生成,所述烯烃优选α-烯烃,特别是乙烯、丙烯、1-丁烯、1-己烯、1-辛烯等。当C18二酸或二酯是希望的产物时,天然油或C10酸或酯前体(例如,9-癸烯酸甲酯)的自复分解以最佳的收率提供C18二酸或二酯。
优选地,至少一部分的C10-C17单不饱和酸具有“Δ9”的不饱和基,即,在C10-C17酸中的碳碳双键在相对于酸羰基的9-位上。换言之,在酸羰基和C9和C10处的烯烃基之间优选地有七个碳。对于C11至C17酸而言,1至7个碳的烷基链分别连接于C10。优选地,不饱和基至少为1摩尔%的反式-Δ9,更优选地至少为25摩尔%的反式-Δ9,更优选地至少为50摩尔%的反式-Δ9,甚至更优选地至少为80摩尔%的反式-Δ9。不饱和基可以为大于90摩尔%,大于95摩尔%,或甚至为100%的反式-Δ9。相反地,具有Δ9不饱和基的天然来源的脂肪酸,例如油酸,通常具有~100%的顺式异构体。
虽然高比例的反式几何构形(特别是反式-Δ9的几何构形)在本发明的复分解生成的脂肪酰胺和衍生物中可能是希望的,但技术人员将认识到碳碳双键的构型和确切的位置将取决于反应条件、催化剂选择和其它因素。复分解反应通常伴随着异构化,这可能是希望或不希望的。参见,例如,G.Djigoué和M.Meier,Appl.Catal.A:General346(2009)158,尤其是图3。因此,技术人员可能会改变反应条件来控制异构化的程度或来改变生成的顺式和反式异构体的比例。例如,在灭活的复分解催化剂的存在下加热复分解产物可以使得技术人员诱导双键迁移以得到较低比例的具有反式-Δ9几何构形的产物。
反式异构体含量的比例升高(相对于通常全部为顺式构型的天然单不饱和酸或酯)使由其制备的脂肪酰胺组合物具有不同的物理性质,所述物理性质包括,例如,改变的物理形态、熔融范围、致密性、和其它重要性质。当配剂师在清洁剂、织物处理、个人护理、农业应用和其它最终用途中使用脂肪酰胺或衍生物时,这些差异应该允许使用脂肪酰胺的配剂师具有更大的范围或扩大的选择。
适合的复分解生成的C10-C17单不饱和酸包括,例如,9-癸烯酸(9-癸烯酸)、9-十一碳烯酸、9-十二碳烯酸(9-十二碳烯酸)、9-十三碳烯酸、9-十四碳烯酸、9-十五碳烯酸、9-十六碳烯酸、9-十七碳烯酸等,及其酯衍生物。
通常,在天然油的交叉复分解或自复分解之后,一般通过蒸馏出更易挥发的烯烃来从改性的油流中分离烯烃流。然后将改性的油流与低级醇(通常是甲醇)反应以得到烷基酯的混合物和甘油。所述混合物通常包含饱和C6-C22烷基酯,主要是C16-C18烷基酯,这是在复分解反应中的主要旁观者(spectator)。其余的产物混合物取决于是否使用了交叉或自复分解。当天然油进行自复分解并且随后进行酯交换时,烷基酯混合物将包含C18不饱和二酯。当天然油与α-烯烃交叉复分解并且对产物混合物进行酯交换时,所得到的烷基酯混合物除了甘油副产物以外还包含C10不饱和烷基酯和一种或多种C11至C17不饱和烷基酯副产物。末端不饱和C10产物伴随不同的副产物,取决于使用哪一种(或多种)α-烯烃作为交叉复分解反应物。因此,1-丁烯得到C12不饱和烷基酯,1-己烯得到C14不饱和烷基酯,等等。如在以下的实例中所证明的,C10不饱和烷基酯容易从C11至C17不饱和烷基酯中分离出来,并且每种均容易通过分馏进行纯化。这些烷基酯是用于制备本发明的脂肪酰胺组合物的极好的起始材料。
适合用作通过自复分解或与烯烃的交叉复分解生成C10-C17单不饱和酸、十八碳烯-1,18-二酸、或它们的酯衍生物的原料的天然油是众所周知的。适合的天然油包括植物油、海藻油、动物脂肪、塔尔油(tall oil)、这些油的衍生物及它们的组合。因此,适合的天然油包括,例如,豆油、棕榈油、菜籽油、椰子油、棕榈仁油、葵花油、红花油、芝麻油、玉米油、橄榄油、花生油、棉籽油、芥花籽油、蓖麻油、牛脂、猪油、家禽脂肪、鱼油等。豆油、棕榈油、菜籽油及其混合物是优选的天然油。
也可以使用基因改造的油,例如高油酸酯豆油,或基因改造的海藻油。优选的天然油具有相当程度的不饱和基,因为这向用于生成烯烃的复分解过程提供了反应位点。特别优选的是由油酸生成的具有高含量的不饱和脂肪基团的天然油。因此,特别优选的天然油包括豆油、棕榈油、海藻油和菜籽油。
改性的天然油,如部分氢化的植物油,可以用来代替天然油或与天然油组合。当天然油被部分氢化时,不饱和位点可以迁移到脂肪酸酯部分的烃骨架上的各种位置上。由于这种倾向,当改性的天然油发生自复分解或与烯烃发生交叉复分解时,与由未改性的天然油生成的产物混合物相比,反应产物将具有不同的并且通常更广泛的分布。然而,由改性的天然油生成的产品相似地转化为本发明的脂肪酰胺组合物。
使用天然油作为原料,通过自复分解或与烯烃的交叉复分解生成C10-C17单不饱和酸、十八碳烯-1,18-二酸、或它们的酯衍生物的一种供选择的方案是由植物油或动物脂肪的水解得到的单不饱和脂肪酸,或者通过脂肪酸或羧酸盐的酯化,或通过天然油与醇的酯交换得到的这样的酸的酯或盐。作为起始组合物也有用的是多不饱和脂肪酸酯、酸、和羧酸盐。盐可以包括碱金属(例如,Li、Na或K);碱土金属(例如,Mg或Ca);第13-15族金属(例如,B、Al、Sn、Pb或Sb),或过渡金属、镧系金属或锕系金属。其它适合的起始组合物描述于PCT申请WO2008/048522的第7-17页,将其内容引入本文作为参考。
在交叉复分解中的其它反应物是烯烃。适合的烯烃为具有一个或多个碳碳双键的内烯烃或α-烯烃。可以使用烯烃的混合物。优选地,所述烯烃为单不饱和C2-C10α-烯烃,更优选地为单不饱和C2-C8α-烯烃。优选的烯烃也包括C4-C9内烯烃。因此,适合使用的烯烃包括,例如乙烯、丙烯、1-丁烯、顺式和反式2-丁烯、1-戊烯、异己烯、1-己烯、3-己烯、1-庚烯、1-辛烯、1-壬烯、1-癸烯等,及其混合物。
通过在均质或异质的复分解催化剂的存在下将天然油和烯烃反应来完成交叉复分解。虽然当天然油发生自复分解时省略烯烃,但通常使用相同的催化剂类型。适合的均质复分解催化剂包括过渡金属卤化物或含氧卤化物(例如,WOCl4或WCl6)与烷基化助催化剂(例如,Me4Sn)的组合。优选的均质催化剂是定义明确的过渡金属的烷叉(或卡宾)复合物,所述过渡金属特别是Ru、Mo或W。这些包括第一和第二代的Grubbs催化剂、Grubbs-Hoveyda催化剂等。适合的烷叉催化剂具有一般结构:
M[X1X2L1L2(L3)n]=Cm=C(R1)R2
其中M是第8族过渡金属,L1、L2和L3是中性电子供体配体,n为0(从而L3可能不存在)或1,m为0、1或2,X1和X2是阴离子配体,R1和R2独立地选自H、烃基、取代的烃基、含杂原子的烃基、含杂原子的取代烃基、和官能团。X1、X2、L1、L2、L3、R1和R2中的任意两个或更多个可以形成环状基团,并且这些基团中的任意一个可以连接至支持物上。
第一代Grubbs催化剂属于这一类,其中m=n=0,并且如第2010/0145086号美国专利申请公开(“‘086公开”)所述对n、X1、X2、L1、L2、L3、R1和R2做出特定选择,将其与所有复分解催化剂相关的教导引入本文作为参考。
第二代Grubbs催化剂也具有上述通式,但L1是卡宾配体,其中卡宾碳的两侧为N、O、S或P原子,优选地两侧为两个N原子。通常,卡宾配体是环状基团的一部分。适合的第二代Grubbs催化剂的实例也出现在‘086公开中。
在另一类的适合的烷叉催化剂中,L1是如第一代和第二代Grubbs催化剂中那样的强配位的中性电子供体,而L2和L3是以任选地取代的杂环基团的形式的弱配位的中性电子供体配体。因此,L2和L3是吡啶、嘧啶、吡咯、喹啉、噻吩等。
在又一类的适合的烷叉催化剂中,一对取代基用于形成二齿或三齿配体,如二膦、二烷氧化物(dialkoxide)或烷基二酮。Grubbs-Hoveyda催化剂是这种类型的催化剂的亚组,其中L2和R2相连。通常地,中性氧或氮与金属配位,同时也键合于相对于卡宾碳的α-、β-或γ-碳,以提供二齿配体。适合的Grubbs-Hoveyda催化剂的实例出现在‘086公开中。
以下结构仅提供了可能使用的适合的催化剂的几个示意式:
适用于自复分解或交叉复分解反应的异质催化剂包括某些铼和钼化合物,例如J.C.Mol在Green Chem.4(2002)5的第11-12页所描述的。具体的实例是包括载于氧化铝上的Re2O7的催化剂系统,通过烷基化的助催化剂如四烷基锡铅、锗或硅化合物来促进所述催化剂系统。其它催化剂包括通过四烷基锡活化的载于二氧化硅的MoCl3或MoCl5。
对于自复分解或交叉复分解的适合的催化剂的其它实例而言,参见第4,545,941号美国专利,将其教导引入本文作为参考,以及参见其引用的参考文献。
通过将复分解生成的C10-C17单不饱和酸、十八碳烯-1,18-二酸、或它们的酯衍生物与氨或者伯胺或仲胺反应来制备脂肪酰胺。
在一个方面中,酯衍生物为低级烷基酯,特别是甲酯。低级烷基酯优选地通过对复分解生成的甘油三酯进行酯交换来得到。例如,将天然油与烯烃进行交叉复分解,接着通过汽提(strip)除去不饱和烃复分解产物,然后在碱性条件下将改性的油组分与低级烷醇进行酯交换提供了不饱和低级烷基酯的混合物。不饱和的低级烷基酯混合物可以“不经处理地”用于制备本发明的脂肪酰胺混合物,或可以在制备脂肪酰胺之前对其进行纯化以分离特定的烷基酯。
在另一个方面中,要与氨或者伯胺或仲胺反应的酯衍生物是在前面的段落中讨论的复分解生成的甘油三酯。与如上所述的复分解生成的甘油三酯与低级烷醇进行酯交换反应以产生低级烷基酯不同的是,在烯烃汽提之后,复分解生成的甘油三酯直接与氨或者伯胺或仲胺反应以制备本发明的脂肪酰胺混合物。
技术人员将理解的是,本文的“酯衍生物”除了上述的低级烷基酯和甘油酯以外包括其它酰基等同物,如酰基氯、酸酐等。
适合的伯胺或仲胺具有一个或两个连接于氨基的氢。剩余的基团通常是烷基或取代的烷基,优选C1-C10烷基,更优选C1-C4烷基。因此,适合的伯胺或仲胺包括乙胺、异丙胺、N,N-二甲胺、N,N-二乙胺、N,N-二异丙胺等。在一类优选的伯胺和仲胺中,N或O原子连接于胺的N原子的β或γ位的碳上。在一些优选的伯胺或仲胺中,氮连接于C1-C10烷基,优选C1-C4烷基,和具有2至4个碳的羟烷基。在其它优选的伯胺或仲胺中,氮连接于氢和各自具有2至4个碳的羟烷基上。特别优选的是烷醇胺,所述烷醇胺的氧原子在胺氮的β位上。适合的烷醇胺是众所周知的,可购自BASF、Dow Chemical和其它供应商。它们包括,例如乙醇胺、丙醇胺、异丙醇胺、二乙醇胺、N-甲基乙醇胺、N-甲基异丙醇胺、N-乙基乙醇胺等及其混合物。特别优选的烷醇胺是经济和易得的乙醇胺、二乙醇胺和N-甲基乙醇胺。
适合的伯胺和仲胺包括上述化合物的烷氧基化的衍生物。因此,例如,用于制备脂肪酰胺的胺可以是胺封端的聚醚,所述胺封端的聚醚包含0.1至20摩尔氧化乙烯或氧化丙烯每摩尔在烷醇胺中-OH基团。
伯胺和仲胺有利地为二乙烯三胺(DETA)、(2-氨基乙基)乙醇胺(AEEA)、或其烷氧基化的衍生物。DETA和AEEA可以与两当量的C10-C17单不饱和酸、十八碳烯-1,18-二酸、或其酯衍生物反应以分别得到咪唑啉酰胺或酯,所述咪唑啉酰胺或酯具有可用于季铵化的叔氮。
由于酸或酯衍生物(包括低级烷基酯或甘油三酯)的起始混合物是非传统的,因此使用众所周知的方法来制备脂肪酰胺可以提供独特的产物混合物。通常在有效地将起始酸或酯转化为酰胺的条件下,对反应物进行加热。催化剂不是必须的,但是任选地包括碱性催化剂如醇盐。反应温度通常为40℃至300℃,优选地为50℃至250℃,更优选地为50℃至200℃。加热反应混合物直到起始酯、酸、或甘油三酯基本被消耗。如果需要,可以通过蒸馏、水洗或其它正常方式来纯化酰胺产物。供选择地,可以“不经处理地”使用产物并将其转化为其它衍生物。
当咪唑啉为目标时,反应温度倾向于更高,并且使用两步法,使用酸性催化剂以促进环化。通常将起始的酯与叔胺催化剂(例如,DABCO、1,4-二氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷)、和DETA或AEEA在80℃至250℃下一起加热。根据需要,在反应器中加入另外的DETA或AEEA。当初始反应完成时(通常由不再有醇馏出物来指示),加入酸性催化剂如对甲苯磺酸,并在升高的温度下(150℃至300℃,优选地为180℃至250℃)加热混合物以完成希望的闭环。示例性的工序提供如下。
使用的伯胺或仲胺与酯或酸反应物的相对量取决于希望的化学计量,并且留给技术人员进行判断。当伯胺或仲胺为乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、异丙醇胺等时,优选每摩尔胺使用一摩尔的C10或C12酸或酯衍生物。使用DETA或AEEA时,优选每摩尔DETA或AEEA使用两摩尔的C10至C17酸或酯衍生物以实现咪唑啉的制备。以下实施例说明了由C18二酸或二酯得到的各种可能的脂肪酰胺。一般地,伯胺或仲胺中的氨基与可得的酸或酯基的摩尔比为0.1:1至3:1,优选地为0.5:1至3:1,更优选地为1:1至3:1。
一些酰胺具有式:
R1CO-NR2R3
其中R1为R4-C9H16-或R5O2C-C16H30-;R4为氢或C1-C7烷基;R5为取代或未取代的烷基、芳基、烯基、氧化亚烷基、聚氧化亚烷基、甘油酯、或单价或二价阳离子;R2和R3各自独立地为H、C1-C6烷基、或-CH2CH2OR6,其中R6为H或C1-C6烷基。优选地,R1为R4CH=CH-(CH2)7-或R5O2C-(CH2)7-CH=CH-(CH2)7-。
关于化学结构的一般注解:
就如技术人员将会认识到的,根据本发明制备的产物通常是顺式和反式异构体的混合物。除非另有说明,本文所提供的所有结构图示仅显示反式异构体。技术人员将理解的是,仅为了方便而使用该约定,并且除非上下文另有规定,应理解为顺式和反式异构体的混合物。(例如,产物的“C18-”系列在以下实例中为标称100%的反式异构体,而“混合-”系列为标称80:20的反式/顺式异构体混合物。)显示的结构通常是指主要产物,该主要产物可能伴随较少比例的其它组分或位置异构体。例如,来自改性的甘油三酯的反应产物为复杂的混合物。作为另一个实例,磺化或亚硫酸化过程除了异构化的产物之外,通常得到磺内酯、烷基磺酸酯和烯基磺酸酯的混合物。因此,提供的结构表示可能的或主要的产物。电荷可能显示或不显示但要被理解,例如在氧化胺结构的情况下。平衡离子(Counterion),如在季铵化的组合物中的平衡离子通常不包括在内,但是技术人员根据上下文可以理解。
基于C10、C12、C14和C16的脂肪酰胺的一些具体实例显示如下:
基于C10、C12、C14和C16的咪唑啉的一些具体实例:
当与伯胺或仲胺反应的酯衍生物是由天然油的自复分解制备并分离除去烯烃的改性的甘油三酯(参见,例如下述的MTG和PMTG产物),或由天然油与烯烃的交叉复分解制备并分离除去烯烃的不饱和甘油三酯(参见,例如下述的UTG和PUTG产物)时,脂肪酰胺产物混合物可以是复合物。从反应流程图中显而易见的是,MTG和PMTG产物包含不饱和的C18二酰胺作为主要组分,而UTG和PUTG产物包含C10不饱和酰胺组分以及一种或多种C11至C17不饱和酰胺组分。(例如,如图所示使用1-丁烯作为交叉复分解反应物时,产生C12不饱和酰胺组分)。产物混合物的其它组分为甘油和来自伯胺或仲胺的饱和或不饱和的脂肪酰胺。除了具有复杂性以外,纯化以分离特定物种通常既不经济也不是良好的性能所需要的。
因此,在一个方面中,脂肪酰胺是通过将氨或者伯胺或仲胺与通过天然油的自复分解制备的改性甘油三酯反应而制备的。天然油的自复分解提供了烯烃的混合物和改性的甘油三酯,所述甘油三酯富含C18不饱和二酯组分以及C16-C18饱和二酯。通常通过加热和减压将烯烃汽提出来。当自复分解产物直接与氨或者伯胺或仲胺反应时,产生复杂的混合物,其中氨或者伯胺或仲胺的氨基完全地或部分地取代来自甘油酯的甘油,形成酰胺官能团。以下的代表性的脂肪酰胺产物是通过将伯胺或仲胺与MTG-0(来自豆油的改性甘油三酯)或PMTG-0(来自棕榈油的改性甘油三酯)反应而制备的。一个实例是MTG-0和乙醇胺的反应产物MTG-17:
R=C16、C18饱和+不饱和
在另一个方面中,脂肪酰胺是通过将氨或者伯胺或仲胺与由天然油与烯烃的交叉复分解制备的不饱和的甘油三酯反应而制备的。天然油和烯烃的交叉复分解提供了烯烃的混合物和不饱和的甘油三酯,所述甘油三酯富含C10和C12不饱和酯以及C16-C18饱和酯。通常通过加热和减压将烯烃汽提出来。当交叉复分解产物直接与氨或者伯胺或仲胺反应时,产生复杂的混合物,其中氨或者伯胺或仲胺的氨基完全地或部分地取代来自甘油酯的甘油以形成酰胺官能团。以下的代表性的脂肪酰胺产物是通过将伯胺或仲胺与UTG-0(来自豆油和1-丁烯的交叉复分解的不饱和甘油三酯)或PUTG-0(来自棕榈油与1-丁烯的交叉复分解的不饱和甘油三酯)反应制备的。一个实例是PUTG-0与异丙醇胺制备MIPA酰胺产物PUTG-17的反应:
R=C16、C18饱和
由低级烷基酯形成脂肪酰胺的反应可以在氮气充入或真空下进行,以除去释放的醇。当甘油酯是反应物时,不需要将释放的甘油从产物中除去。当产物的残留的甘油含量达到希望的水平时,认为反应完全。
本发明包括由对脂肪酰胺产物进行还原、季铵化、磺化、烷氧基化、硫酸化和亚硫酸化中的一种或多种而制备的衍生物。季铵化叔胺的方法在本领域是熟知的。咪唑啉的季铵化是通过将其与季铵化剂如卤代烷或硫酸二烷基酯一起加热来实现的。具体的实例包括硫酸二甲酯、氯甲烷、表氯醇、氯化苄、氯乙酸碱金属盐等。特别优选的是硫酸二甲酯。反应通常在30℃至150℃的温度下进行,优选地在65℃至100℃的温度下进行,或更优选地在80℃至90℃的温度下进行。所使用的季铵化剂的量通常为以叔氮含量计0.8至1.2摩尔当量。当通过高氯酸滴定或通过其它适合的分析方法来测得游离胺值在希望的范围内时,反应被视作完全。用于季铵化咪唑啉的适合的方法公开于第5,750,492号、第5,783,534号、第5,939,059号和第6,004,913号美国专利中,将其教导引入本文作为参考。
适合的基于C10、C12、C14和C16的季铵化的咪唑啉的实例:
脂肪酰胺和季铵化的脂肪酰胺具有不饱和基,如果需要的话,所述不饱和基可以被磺化或亚硫酸化。磺化是使用熟知的方法进行的,所述方法包括将烯烃与三氧化硫反应。磺化可以任选地使用惰性溶剂进行。适合的溶剂的非限定性实例包括液态SO2、烃、和卤代烃。在一个商业方法中,降膜式反应器用于连续使用三氧化硫磺化烯烃。可以在使用或不使用溶剂的情况下使用其它磺化剂(例如,氯磺酸、发烟硫酸),但三氧化硫通常是最经济的。烯烃与SO3、氯磺酸等反应的直接产物磺内酯可以随后与苛性碱水溶液进行水解反应,得到烯基磺酸酯和羟基烷基磺酸酯的混合物。用于磺化烯烃的适合的方法描述于第3,169,142号、第4,148,821号美国专利和第2010/0282467号美国专利申请公开中,将其教导引入本文作为参考。
亚硫酸化是通过使用熟知的方法,将水中的烯烃(通常是共溶剂如异丙醇)与至少一摩尔当量的亚硫酸化剂合并来完成的。适合的亚硫酸化剂包括,例如亚硫酸钠、亚硫酸氢钠、焦亚硫酸钠等。任选地,包括催化剂或引发剂,如过氧化物、铁或其它自由基引发剂。一般地,反应混合物在15-100℃下进行,直到反应基本完成。用于亚硫酸化烯烃的适合的方法出现在第2,653,970号、第4,087,457号、第4,275,013号美国专利中,将其教导引入本文作为参考。
当脂肪酰胺具有羟基官能团时,也可以使用熟知的技术对其进行烷氧基化、硫酸化或两者。例如,可以通过将羟基封端的脂肪酰胺与氧化乙烯、氧化丙烯或其组合反应使其烷氧基化以制备烷氧基化的醇。烷氧基化通常是由碱(例如,KOH)催化的,但是也可以使用其它催化剂如双金属氰化物复合物(参见第5,482,908号美国专利)。可以随机或成嵌段地加入氧化烯单元。可以根据已知的方法对之前发生或未发生烷氧基化的羟基官能的脂肪酰胺进行硫酸化并中和以得到醇硫酸酯(参见例如第3,544,613号美国专利,将其教导引入本文作为参考)。
可以将脂肪酰胺及其还原的、季铵化的、磺化的、烷氧基化的、硫酸化的和亚硫酸化的衍生物加入到许多组合物中,所述组合物用作例如表面活性剂、乳化剂、肤感剂、成膜剂、流变改性剂、杀生物剂、杀生物剂增效剂、溶剂、脱模剂和调理剂。这些组合物在多种最终使用中是有价值的,所述最终使用例如个人护理(液体清洁产品、护发皂、口腔护理产品)、家用产品(液体和粉末状衣物洗涤剂、液体和片状织物柔软剂、硬和软表面清洁剂、杀菌剂和消毒剂)、和工业或公共设施清洁剂。
脂肪酰胺和衍生物可以用于乳液聚合中,包括胶乳的生产过程。它们可以用作表面活性剂、润湿剂、分散剂、或农业应用中的溶剂、用作杀虫剂中的惰性成分、或用作助剂以递送用于作物保护、家庭和花园以及专业应用的杀虫剂。脂肪酰胺和衍生物也可用于油田领域的应用中,包括油和气的运输、生产、增产(stimulation)和钻井化学品、储层一致性和提高用途、和特种发泡剂。组合物作为用于生产石膏、水泥墙板、混凝土添加剂和灭火泡沫的泡沫缓和剂或分散剂也是有价值的。组合物被用作油漆和涂料的聚结剂,以及聚氨酯基粘合剂。
在食品和饮料加工中,脂肪酰胺和衍生物可以用于润滑用于灌装容器的输送系统。当与过氧化氢结合时,脂肪酰胺和衍生物可以充当低发泡的消毒剂和灭菌剂、减味剂(odor reducer),以及充当用于清洁和保护食品或饮料加工设备的抗微生物剂。在工业、公共设施和洗衣应用中,脂肪酰胺和衍生物或其与过氧化氢的组合可以用于去污物和对织物进行消毒和灭菌,以及作为硬表面上的抗微生物成膜组合物。
以下实施例仅仅是为了说明本发明。本领域技术人员将认识到在本发明的精神和权利要求的范围内有许多变化。
原料合成:
9-癸烯酸甲酯(“C10-0”)和9-十二碳烯酸甲酯(“C12-0”)的
制备
将第2011/0113679号美国专利申请公开的步骤用来如下所述生成原料C10-0和C12-0,将其教导引入本文作为参考。
实施例1A:豆油和1-丁烯的交叉复分解。向配备有内浸管、顶置式搅拌器、内部冷却/加热线圈、温度探针、取样阀、泄压阀的洁净、干燥、带有不锈钢护套的5加仑Parr反应器中充入氩气至15psig。将豆油(SBO,2.5kg,2.9mol,Costco,Mn=864.4g/mol,85重量%不饱和基,在5加仑的容器中用氩气充气1小时)加入Parr反应器中。将反应器密封,并用氩气吹扫SBO2小时,同时冷却至10℃。2小时后,将反应器排空至10psig。将内浸管阀连接于1-丁烯气缸(Airgas,CP级,33psig顶空压力,>99重量%)并用1-丁烯重新加压至15psig。再次将反应器排空至10psig以去除残留的氩气。在350rpm和9-15℃下在18-28psig的1-丁烯中搅拌SBO,直到每SBO烯烃键有3mol的1-丁烯被转移到反应器中(~2.2kg1-丁烯,在4-5小时内)。
在Fischer-Porter压力容器中,通过将130mg催化剂溶于30g的甲苯中(每摩尔SBO的烯烃键10mol ppm)来制备[1,3-双-(2,4,6-三甲基苯基)-2-咪唑啉亚基]-二氯化钌(3-甲基-2-丁烯亚基)(三环己基膦)(C827,Materia)的甲苯溶液。通过用氩气将Fischer-Porter容器内部的顶部空间加压至50-60psig,通过反应器的内浸管将催化剂混合物加入反应器中。使用另外的甲苯(30g)漂洗Fischer-Porter容器和内浸管。在60℃下搅拌反应混合物2.0小时,然后冷却至环境温度,同时排空顶部空间中的气体。
在释放压力后,将反应混合物转移到含有漂白粘土(B80CG粘土,Oil-Dri Corporation of America的产品,2%w/w SBO,58g)和磁力搅拌棒的圆底烧瓶中。在85℃下在氩气中搅拌反应混合物。2小时后,在该段时间内将任何剩余的1-丁烯排空,将反应混合物冷却至40℃并通过玻璃料滤器(glass frit)过滤。在60℃下使用1%w/w的NaOMe的甲醇溶液对产物混合物的等分试样进行酯交换。通过气相色谱法(GC)测得其含有:9-癸烯酸甲酯(22重量%)、9-十二碳烯酸甲酯(16重量%)、9-十八碳烯二酸二甲酯(3重量%)、和9-十八碳烯酸甲酯(3重量%)。
结果较好地与针对假设的平衡混合物计算的收率相当:9-癸烯酸甲酯(23.4重量%)、9-十二碳烯酸甲酯(17.9重量%)、9-十八碳烯二酸二甲酯(3.7重量%)、和9-十八碳烯酸甲酯(1.8重量%)。
实施例1B.一般按照实施例1A的步骤,使用1.73kg SBO和3mol1-丁烯/SBO双键。如上所述使用在甲醇中的甲醇钠对产物混合物的等分试样进行酯交换。产物(通过GC测定)为:9-癸烯酸甲酯(24重量%)、9-十二碳烯酸甲酯(18重量%)、9-十八碳烯二酸二甲酯(2重量%)、和9-十八碳烯酸甲酯(2重量%)。
实施例1C.一般按照实施例1A的步骤,使用1.75kg SBO和3mol1-丁烯/SBO双键。如上所述使用在甲醇中的甲醇钠对产物混合物的等分试样进行酯交换。产物(通过GC测定)为:9-癸烯酸甲酯(24重量%)、9-十二碳烯酸甲酯(17重量%)、9-十八碳烯二酸二甲酯(3重量%)、和9-十八碳烯酸甲酯(2重量%)。
实施例1D.一般按照实施例1A的步骤,使用2.2kg SBO和3mol1-丁烯/SBO双键。此外,用SBO代替用于转移催化剂的甲苯(60g)。如上所述使用在甲醇中的甲醇钠对产物混合物的等分试样进行酯交换。产物(通过GC测定)为:9-癸烯酸甲酯(25重量%)、9-十二碳烯酸甲酯(18重量%)、9-十八碳烯二酸二甲酯(3重量%)、和9-十八碳烯酸甲酯(1重量%)。
实施例1E.从改性的甘油三酯中分离烯烃。在配备了磁力搅拌棒、加热套和温度控制器的12-L圆底烧瓶中加入来自实施例1A-1D的混合的反应产物(8.42kg)。将具有真空入口的冷凝器连接于中间的烧瓶颈,将接收烧瓶连接于冷凝器。通过真空蒸馏将挥发性烃(烯烃)从反应产物中去除。釜温:22℃-130℃;蒸馏头温度:19℃-70℃;压力2000-160μtorr。去除挥发性烃后,剩余5.34kg的非挥发性残留物。如上所述使用在甲醇中的甲醇钠对非挥发性的产物混合物的等分试样进行酯交换。产物(通过GC测定)为:9-癸烯酸甲酯(32重量%)、9-十二碳烯酸甲酯(23重量%)、9-十八碳烯二酸二甲酯(4重量%)、和9-十八碳烯酸甲酯(5重量%)。该混合物也称为“UTG-0”。(由棕榈油制备的类似产物称为“PUTG-0”)。
实施例1F.改性甘油三酯的复分解。向配备有磁力搅拌棒、冷凝器、加热套、温度探针和气体接头的12L圆底烧瓶中加入在甲醇中的甲醇钠(1%w/w,4.0L)和实施例1E中制备的非挥发性产物混合物(5.34kg)。在60℃下搅拌得到的浅黄色的异质混合物。1小时后,混合物变为均质并具有橙色(pH=11)。反应2小时后,将混合物冷却至环境温度并形成两层。使用甲醇水溶液(50%v/v,2x3L)洗涤有机相,分离,并通过用冰醋酸的甲醇溶液(1mol HOAc/mol NaOMe)洗涤中和至pH=6.5。产量:5.03kg。
实施例1G.甲酯原料的分离。向配备有磁力搅拌棒、填充柱和温度控制器的12L圆底烧瓶中加入在实施例1F中制备的甲酯混合物(5.03kg),并将烧瓶放置在加热套内。玻璃柱为2”x36”并且包括0.16”Pro-PakTM不锈钢鞍形架(saddle)(Cannon Instrument Co.)。将柱连接于分馏头,在所述分馏头上配备1-L的预先称重的烧瓶用于收集馏分。蒸馏在真空下进行(100-120μtorr)。1:3的回流比用于分离9-癸烯酸甲酯(“C10-0”)和9-十二碳烯酸甲酯(“C12-0”)。在蒸馏过程中收集的样品、蒸馏条件和馏分组成(通过GC测定)显示在表1中。1:3的回流比是指每收集1滴就有3滴返回到蒸馏柱中。混合合适的馏分来得到9-癸烯酸甲酯(1.46kg,纯度为99.7%)和9-十二碳烯酸甲酯(0.55kg,纯度>98%)。
酰胺的合成:
C10-28:C10MEA酰胺
向配备有氮气充入装置、热电偶、加热套、搅拌器和Dean-Stark分水器的圆底烧瓶中加入甲酯原料C10-0(129.8g,0.703mol)和单乙醇胺(“MEA”,43.8g,0.718mol)。将混合物加热至60℃。将甲醇钠(2.22mL的30重量%甲醇溶液,0.012mol)加入烧瓶中,反应放热至~80℃。然后将混合物加热至100℃并保持2.5小时。将反应器冷却至90℃并移除Dean-Stark分水器。在0.5小时内逐渐施加真空至20mm Hg。真空在20mm Hg下保持0.5小时,然后在1.4mmHg下保持1.0小时以除去残留的甲醇。1H NMR光谱显示相当完全的转化,通过在约3.6ppm处的甲酯CH3O-信号的缺失而容易地判断出来。通过滴定测定出游离的MEA为0.61%。
C12-25:C12DMA酰胺
向圆底烧瓶中加入甲酯原料C12-0(900.0g,4.22mol)并将物质加热至60℃。密封反应器并施加真空0.5小时以对原料进行干燥/脱气。用氮气回充反应器,然后通过注射器加入甲醇钠(30g的30%的甲醇溶液)。建立静态真空(-30”Hg),然后通过液面下内浸管缓慢加入二甲胺(“DMA”,190.3g,4.22mol)。当压力均衡时,从顶部向反应器通氮气,并将温度升高至70℃保持1.0小时。然后将反应器冷却至室温并停止加入DMA。重新加热至80℃并通过液面下充入缓慢引入DMA,并保持2.0小时。然后将温度升高至90℃并保持1.0小时。1H NMR光谱显示转化>98%。将混合物冷却至75℃并施加全真空以汽提甲醇和多余的DMA。通过加入50%的硫酸水溶液(16.3g)淬灭催化剂并剧烈搅拌混合物10分钟。加入去离子水(200mL)并将所有内容物转移至底部排液容器中。除去水层。先使用300mL,然后使用150mL去离子水重复洗涤。加入大约50mL的20%NaCl溶液并将混合物静置过夜。除去底层,并将产物转移回反应器中。将产物加热至75℃并施加真空以除去残留的水。通过在120℃下真空蒸馏回收酰胺。将酰胺馏分置于135℃的全真空下,直到酯含量在1%以下。最终酯含量:0.7%。收率:875g(91.9%)。
C12-30:C12MEA酰胺
一般按照用于制备C10-28的工序,使用甲酯原料C12-0(125.1g,0.596mol)、单乙醇胺(37.2g,0.608mol)和甲醇钠(2.14mL的30重量%的甲醇溶液,0.011mol)。1H NMR光谱显示相当完全的转化。游离MEA:0.71%。
C12-31:C12DEA酰胺
一般按照用于制备C10-28的工序,使用甲酯原料C12-0(124.7g,0.587mol)、二乙醇胺(62.9g,0.598mol)和甲醇钠(2.14mL的30重量%的甲醇溶液,0.011mol)。在100℃下,反应时间增加到9.5小时。1H NMR光谱显示相当完全的转化。游离DEA:4.99%。
C12-38:C12MIPA酰胺
一般按照用于制备C10-28的工序,使用甲酯原料C12-0(126.7g,0.604mol)、单异丙醇胺(46.3g,0.616mol)和甲醇钠(2.17mL的30重量%甲醇溶液,0.012mol)。1H NMR光谱显示产物具有期望的结构。游离MIPA:1.15%。
C10-25:C10DMA酰胺
向圆底烧瓶中加入甲酯原料C10-0(235g)并使用氮气对混合物进行脱气。通过注射器加入甲醇钠(5g的30%甲醇溶液)并搅拌混合物5分钟。通过液面下的内浸管缓慢加入二乙胺(67g)。加入后,将混合物加热至60℃并保持过夜。通过真空蒸馏(120℃,20mmHg)回收酰胺C10-25。收率:241.2g(96.3%)。碘值=128.9g I2/100g样品。1H NMR(CDCl3),δ(ppm)=5.8(CH2=CH-);4.9(CH2=CH-);2.8-3.0(-C(O)-N(CH3)2);2.25(-CH2-C(O)-)。酯含量(通过1H NMR测定):0.54%。
C10-27:C10DEA酰胺
一般按照用于制备C10-28的工序,使用甲酯原料C10-0(96.8g,0.524mol)、二乙醇胺(53.2g,0.506mol)和甲醇钠(1.68mL的30重量%甲醇溶液,0.0080mol)。1H NMR光谱显示相当完全的转化。游离DEA:5.54%。
咪唑啉的合成
咪唑啉是如下所述由脂肪酸(C10-36和C12-39)和DETA或AEEA合成的。
C10-36:C10脂肪酸
将甲酯C10-0(390.2g)加入配备有顶置式搅拌器的圆底烧瓶中,并将内容物加热至70℃。加入氢氧化钾(16%的甘油溶液,523g)。将混合物加热至100℃并加入另外的KOH颗粒(35.10g)。搅拌17小时后,气相色谱显示~94%转化为脂肪酸。加入另外的KOH(10g),并在100℃下继续搅拌4小时。通过GC测定转化>97%。将混合物在100℃下再搅拌4小时,然后冷却至80℃。加入水(400mL)和30%的硫酸溶液(500mL),然后搅拌混合物1小时。然后除去水相。加入水(500mL),并继续加热/搅拌(至80℃)0.5小时。再次除去水相。水洗过程再重复两次(2x500mL)。在80℃的真空下汽提粗脂肪酸产物2小时以除去水,不经进一步纯化即可使用。产量:357g。
C10-12:C10DETA酰胺
向圆底烧瓶中加入脂肪酸C10-36(310g),并使用氮气对原料进行脱气。加入二乙烯三胺(“DETA”,62.6g)并在4小时内将混合物从130℃加热至170℃,并在氮气流(175mL/min)下搅拌(170rpm)。18小时后,滴定显示0.097meq/g的游离脂肪酸。将温度升高至200℃保持4小时。滴定显示96%的闭环以形成C10-12。
C10-15:C10AEEA酯
向圆底烧瓶中加入所需脂肪酸C10-36(117.5g)的量的一半,使用氮气对原料进行脱气。加入2-氨基乙基-乙醇胺(“AEEA”,69.5g)和二甲苯(20.8g),并将混合物快速加热至180℃。在环境压力下使用Dean-Stark分水器和液面下充入氮气(175mL/min.)除去水。在180℃下加热混合物18小时。加入剩余的脂肪酸(117.5g),并将温度升高至190℃。6小时后,滴定显示反应完全。收率94.6%。
C12-39:C12脂肪酸
一般按照用于制备脂肪酸C10-36的工序。因此,向烧瓶中加入甘油(749g)和KOH颗粒(142g)并加入至100℃直到KOH溶解。在冷却至75℃后,加入甲酯C12-0(384g,2.084mol),并将混合物加热至120℃。继续加热4小时。GC显示转化完全。在冷却至85℃后,一次性加入30%H2SO4(1000mL)。将两相混合物在85℃下搅拌0.5小时,并除去水相。在85℃下用水(3x1000mL)洗涤脂肪酸(C12-39)并如前所述进行干燥。不经进一步纯化即可使用。产量:346.2g。
C12-15:C12AEEA酯
向圆底烧瓶中加入脂肪酸C12-39(250.0g)并使用氮气对原料进行脱气。加入AEEA(63.9g)并在4小时内将混合物从130℃加热至170℃,并在氮气流(175mL/min)下搅拌(170rpm)。22小时后,对游离脂肪酸的滴定显示93%转化至C12-15。
C12-12:C12DETA酰胺
将9-十二碳烯(“C12-0”,273.3g)、DABCO(0.3450g)和DETA(66.48g)加入圆底烧瓶中,并用氮气充入(175mL/min)对液体混合物中。在环境压力下,在2小时内将混合物从100℃加热至170℃。在4.5小时后,在170℃下,施加真空(90mmHg),再加热混合物6小时。所得的蒸馏物(44.3g)显示约2g的DETA。将另外的DETA(2g)加入反应器中,并在170℃下在400mmHg下继续加热5小时。在升高的真空下(50mmHg)将温度升高至200℃。4小时后,无蒸馏物。加入对甲苯磺酸(以诱导闭环成咪唑啉),并将混合物再加热(200℃,50mmHg)22小时。通过滴定分析显示闭环为81%。
咪唑啉的季铵化
C10-13:C10DETA季铵化合物
向圆底烧瓶中加入咪唑啉C10-12(202.1g),使用氮气对其进行脱气并加热至75℃。通过加料漏斗加入硫酸二甲酯(“DMS”,60.6g),同时冷却以将反应温度保持在~80℃。当DMS加入完成后,将混合物在80℃下保持1小时。游离胺(通过高氯酸滴定):0.067meq/g。加入异丙醇(IPA)(13.9g),并在85℃下加热混合物1小时以破坏任何未反应的DMS。
C10-16:C10AEEA季铵化合物
一般按照用于制备脂肪酸C10-13的工序,使用咪唑啉C10-15(109.6g)、DMS(12.15g)、和IPA(6.4g)。游离胺:0.08meq/g。
C12-16:C12AEEA季铵化合物
一般按照用于制备脂肪酸C10-13的工序,使用咪唑啉C12-15(112.3g)、DMS(11.0g)、和IPA(6.5g)。分两部分加入DMS(10.8g和0.2g),在80℃下总共加热3小时。游离胺:0.067meq/g。
C12-13:C12DETA季铵化合物
向配备有冷凝器、氮气进口、热电偶和用于连接另外的烧瓶的接口的烧瓶中加入咪唑啉C12-12(212.1g)。将内容物加热至80℃,并通过加料烧瓶加入DMS(59.3g),目标高氯酸滴定(PAT)值为0.065。将温度升高至85℃,并继续搅拌1小时。除去样品并滴定以测定PAT(测定值:0.045)。加入异丙醇(30.4g),并搅拌混合物1小时。
亚硫酸化反应:
C10-14:C10DETA季铵化磺酸盐
向圆底烧瓶中加入焦亚硫酸钠(78.48g)和去离子水(176g)。使用50%氢氧化钠将pH调节至6.6。将混合物加热至75℃并一次性加入异丙醇(117g)和过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯(TBB,0.2mL)。10分钟后,加入烯烃C10-13(117.4g),接着加入剩余的TBB(0.58mL)。1小时后,pH升高至7.7并通过加入SO2气降低至6.6。在0.5小时后,pH升高至7.1并使用SO2降低至6.5。在75℃下搅拌混合物1.5天,再使用SO2两次将pH调节至6.5。1H NMR光谱显示烯烃信号消失,表明完全转化为二磺酸盐。
C12-14:C12DETA季铵化磺酸盐
将C12DETA季铵化合物(C12-13,126.1g)、IPA(126.1g)和过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯(2.5g)加入圆底烧瓶中。将混合物加热至75℃。将焦亚硫酸氢钠(37.5g)、亚硫酸钠(7.2g)、去离子水(190.0g)和过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯(1.2g)加入加料漏斗中,然后滴加至反应混合物中,在75℃下保持16小时。通过旋转蒸发除去IPA。1H NMR光谱表明75%的转化。通过加入水将水分含量调节至~50%。(注意:以上显示的结构表明单位点磺化,但技术人员应懂得的是,至少某些产物是碳碳双键磺化的结果。)
C12-29:C12DMA酰胺磺酸盐
将焦亚硫酸氢钠(43.9g)、亚硫酸钠(1.45g)、异丙醇(656.5g)酰胺C12-25(101.0g)和水(606g)加入圆底烧瓶中,使用苛性碱将pH调节至6.5。加入过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯(TBB,0.43mL)并将混合物加热至75℃。16小时后,通过1H NMR测定转化约为50%。加入更多TBB(0.44mL)并在75℃下加热混合物8小时。室温下2天后,加入更多的TBB(0.2mL)并将混合物加热至75℃。使用苛性碱将pH(5.8)调节至7.2然后使用SO2调节至7.0。16小时后,转化约为70%。除去IPA并将所得到的两层分离。除去上层的相(未反应的酰胺,~52g)。底层的相的NMR光谱显示磺化产物与起始烯烃的比例为94:6mol%。
C10-26:C10DMA磺酸盐
以有效地将反应温度维持在35-40℃下的速率将三氧化硫(23.6g)滴加至蒸馏器中的不饱和酰胺C10-25(48.6g)中。在反应器的顶部空间中的初始发烟是最低的。在加入SO3的大约中途时,反应产物变得过于粘稠而不能充分搅拌。反应器配备有干冰/丙酮阱,产物用二氯甲烷(50mL)对产物进行稀释以帮助搅拌。将反应温度维持在20℃-25℃。在将SO3加入的过程中,加入另外的二氯甲烷(20mL)以保持流动性。在加料结束后,使用氮气吹扫反应器5分钟。总加料时间:45分钟。将黄棕色产物(104.76g)转移至圆底烧瓶中,并在真空下除去溶剂(~40℃,2小时)。所得到的磺酸在45℃下煮解(digest)30分钟。产量:71.4g。
将氢氧化钠水溶液(75g的10.7%溶液)加入干燥的磺酸中。必要时调节pH。一旦溶解,就将混合物转移至配备有机械搅拌器的烧瓶中。加入水(78.4g)和NaOH水溶液(24.6g的50%溶液)。将混合物加热至95℃过夜,使用50%NaOH水溶液保持在pH=7,然后冷却。
9-十六碳烯酸甲酯(“C16-0”)原料的制备
除了用1-辛烯代替1-丁烯与豆油进行交叉复分解之外,一般按照实施例1A的步骤进行。然后如实施例1E所述对合并的反应产物进行汽提,以从改性的油馏分中除去更易挥发的不饱和烃馏分。实施例1F的步骤用于将改性的油馏分转化为包含9-十六碳烯酸甲酯的甲酯混合物。减压分馏用于从其他甲酯中分离出所需的产物9-十六碳烯酸甲酯。
C16-14:C16DMA酰胺
将甲酯C16-0(502g,1.8mol)加入到配备有机械搅拌器、热电偶、真空计和蒸馏支管的容器中。将材料加热至50℃并施加全真空30分钟以对系统进行干燥和脱气。使用氮气回充容器,并通过注射器加入甲醇钠(30%甲醇溶液,20g)。搅拌混合物5分钟然后将压力降低至约-25"Hg。在静态真空下密封容器并通过液面下的内浸管开始加入二甲胺(DMA)。当容器中的压力均衡时,将蒸馏支管连接于聚水器/起泡器并在大气压力下继续加入,调节加入速率以使排气最小化(由涤气器中的起泡来指示)。当加入了稍过量的DMA时,在氮气下在60℃下搅拌容器3小时。1H NMR分析显示甲酯完全消耗,将混合物冷却至室温。将混合物重新加热至65℃并且对其进行真空汽提以除去过量的DMA和MeOH。当汽提完成时,使用氮气回充容器。分批加入浓HCl,直到湿润的pH试纸条显示微酸性的pH。搅拌15分钟后,使用水(3x200mL)洗涤中和的混合物,根据需要加入20%NaCl以促进相分离。将经洗涤的产物加热至65℃并缓慢施加真空以除去水。当汽提完成后,使用氮气回充容器并将经汽提的产物通过玻璃料滤器(glass frit)上一段硅胶过滤,以除去微细的沉淀。产品仍然是浑浊的,用乙酸乙酯将其稀释并通过硅藻土垫再次过滤,得到澄清的黄色液体。先通过旋转蒸发仪,然后在高真空下除去挥发物,得到二甲基酰胺C16-14,为浅黄色油(509.4g;收率96.8%)。1H NMR分析与目标结构一致,显示剩余0.8%的甲酯。进一步的分析显示:水分:0.04%;碘值:89.3g I2/100g样品。
原料合成:
9-十八碳烯-1,18-二酸二甲酯(“Mix-0”或“C18-0”)的制备
将9-十二碳烯酸甲酯的八种样品(每种10.6g,参见表2)升温至50℃,并且用氩气脱气30分钟。将复分解催化剂([1,3-双-(2,4,6-三甲基苯基)-2-咪唑啉亚基]-二氯化钌(3-甲基-2-丁烯亚基)-(三环己基膦),Materia的产品)加入到9-十二碳烯酸甲酯(量显示于表2中)中并施加真空以提供<1mmHg的压力。允许反应混合物在报告的时间内进行自复分解。气相色谱分析表明所制备的9-十八碳烯-1,18-二酸二甲酯具有如表2所报导的收率。“Mix-0”为自反应混合物获得的80:20反式/顺式异构体混合物。结晶提供了全反式异构体原料,“C18-0”。
来自C18二酸的酰胺:
MIX-39:C18DiDMA酰胺(80:20反式/顺式)
向圆底烧瓶中加入甲酯Mix-0(250.0g,0.73mol),将原料加热至50℃。通过注射器加入甲醇钠(10g的30%甲醇溶液)。密封反应器并建立静态真空(-25”Hg)。通过液面下的内浸管缓慢加入二甲胺(80g)。将反应温度升高至55℃并保持~9小时。残留的酯(通过1H NMR测定):<0.8%。施加全真空以对过量的甲醇和DMA进行汽提。通过加入50%的硫酸水溶液(5.4g)淬灭催化剂。施加真空以除去水。将产物在氯仿中稀释并通过硅藻土过滤。通过旋转蒸发除去氯仿并在全真空下降产物干燥过夜。1H NMR显示甲酯基相当完全地转化为二甲基酰胺基,是通过在约3.6ppm处的可忽略的甲酯CH3O-信号以及在2.9-3ppm处的预期的CH3单峰确证的。
C18-41:C18DiMEA酰胺(100%反式)
向配备有充入氮气、热电偶、加热套、搅拌器和Dean-Stark分水器的圆底烧瓶中加入二元酯C18-0(129.9g,0.763mol)和单乙醇胺(47.5g,0.778mol)。将混合物加热至60℃。将甲醇钠(2.23mL的30重量%甲醇溶液,0.012mol)加入烧瓶中。将反应器加热至70℃,温度突然上升至~90℃,并且混合物形成固体。将反应器加热至155℃,并且在固体熔化后,将反应器在155℃下保持1小时。移除分水器并在0.5小时内逐渐将真空提高至50mmHg,然后保持1.5小时。通过将熔融的酰胺倾倒在一片铝箔上,使其硬化,然后从铝箔上剥落来使产物形成薄片。1HNMR显示相当完全的转化。游离MEA(通过滴定测定):1.70%。
MIX-41:C18DiMEA酰胺(80:20反式/顺式)
向用于制备C18-41的装置中加入二元酯Mix-0(129.9g,0.760mol)和单乙醇胺(47.4g,0.776mol)。将混合物加热至150℃并保持过夜。加入另外的单乙醇胺(1.0g)并反应1小时。总反应时间:24小时。施加全真空3.0小时以除去残留的甲醇和过量的MEA。如上所述使产物形成薄片。1H NMR显示相当完全的转化。游离MEA:0.92%。
C18-42:C18DiDEA酰胺(100%反式)
一般地按照用于制备C18-41的工序,使用二元酯C18-0(106.1g,0.623mol)和二乙醇胺(66.8g,0.636mol)。将混合物加热至60℃,加入甲醇钠(1.82mL的30重量%甲醇溶液,0.010mol)。将混合物加热至100℃并保持8.5小时。冷却至70℃后,施加全真空0.5小时以除去残留的甲醇。1H NMR显示相当完全的转化。游离DEA:6.71%。
MIX-42:C18DiDEA酰胺(80:20反式/顺式)
一般地按照用于制备C18-42的工序,使用二元酯Mix-0(109.7g,0.644mol)和二乙醇胺(69.1g,0.657mol)。在100℃下加热混合物5小时,然后如上所述冷却并汽提。1H NMR显示相当完全的转化。游离DEA:6.71%。
C18-66:C18DiMIPA酰胺(100%反式)
向用于制备C18-41的容器中加入单异丙醇胺(54.1g,0.720mol),加热至80℃。通过粉末漏斗将二元酯C18-0(120.2g,0.706mol)加入到反应器中,同时将反应器温度升高至100℃。使用氮气充入协助除去甲醇。将反应器温度升高至130℃并保持5小时,使其冷却,然后重新加热至135℃并保持过夜。在真空汽提后,如前所述通过将熔融的酰胺倾倒在箔上使产物形成薄片。1H NMR显示相当完全的转化。游离MIPA:0.33%。
MIX-66:C18DiMIPA酰胺(80:20反式/顺式)
一般地按照用于制备C18-66的工序,使用二元酯MIX-0(128.1g,0.750mol)和单异丙醇胺(57.5g,0.765mol)。将混合物加热至130-135℃并保持过夜。1H NMR光谱显示相当完全的转化。游离MIPA:0.65%。
来自C18二元酯的咪唑啉及衍生物:
MIX-21:C18DiDETA(80:20反式/顺式)
向圆底烧瓶中加入二元酯C18-0(267g),并使用氮气对原料进行脱气。加入DETA(131g)和DABCO(0.24g)并将混合物加热至140℃。通过Dean-Stark分水器收集甲醇,同时进行氮气充入。18小时后,反应温度升高至197℃并保持4小时。施加真空(10mmHg)并加入对甲苯磺酸(0.5g)。温度降低至175℃并以氮气充入取代真空。继续加热18小时。通过滴定分析显示闭环为77%。
MIX-22:C18DiDETA二季铵化合物(80:20反式/顺式)
将Mix-21(79.5g)加入配备有冷凝器、氮气进口、热电偶和加料烧瓶的烧瓶中。将咪唑啉加热至65℃并加入DMS(35.8g)。加入甲醇(34g)以降低粘度。2小时后,将温度升高至78℃并保持3小时。滴定证实了DMS从反应混合物中消失,并且希望的产物有良好的收率。
MIX-23:C18DiDETA二季铵化磺酸盐
向圆底烧瓶中加入二季铵化合物Mix-22(127.9g)、异丙醇(100g)和水(300g)。加入硫酸氢钠(40.98g)、亚硫酸钠(2.7g)和过氧化苯甲酸叔丁酯,将混合物加热至75℃并保持过夜。1H NMR分析证实烯烃质子完全消失。通过旋转蒸发除去异丙醇以获得终产物。
MIX-69:C18酯/酸(80:20反式/顺式)
如Organic Syntheses:Col.Vol.IV(1963)635所述,由二元酯Mix-0(按收到的原样使用)制备半酸/酯Mix-69。因此,将Mix-0(1kg)加入甲醇(~9L)中并机械搅拌混合物。在一个单独的容器中,将Ba(OH)2(274.4g)溶于甲醇(~4L),并在2小时内将溶液分批加入经搅拌的二酯溶液中,导致白色沉淀的形成。通过过滤分离固体,用甲醇洗涤数次,并在空气中干燥。然后将固体转移至12L反应容器中并在乙酸乙酯中(~3.5L)制成浆液。将HCl水溶液(32%,Aldrich,1248.6g分批加入经搅拌的浆液中,使得固体溶解并形成澄清溶液。用水洗涤溶液三次,除去水层并收集在一个单独的容器中。用乙酸乙酯萃取合并的水层一次,将有机层与经洗涤的产物溶液合并。干燥混合物(Na2SO4),过滤,并通过旋转蒸发仪浓缩。在高真空下彻底干燥,冷却后得到蜡状结晶固体(655g,~70%收率)。通过气象色谱对产物(衍生化后)进行分析,显示其含有94%酸/酯和6%的二酸。定量13C NMR显示86:14反式:顺式异构体比。
MIX-59:C18酯DMA酰胺
通过与稍过量的亚硫酰氯(SOCl2,1.2当量,147.5g)的氯仿溶液反应,将混合的酸/酯(Mix-69,315.2g)转化为酰基氯/酯,并通过在减压下除去溶剂和过量的SOCl2来分离产物。对已分离的产物进行NMR分析显示基本定量转化为酰基氯/酯,并不经进一步纯化来使用材料。
用CHCl3(250mL)在相同的配备有机械搅拌器、氮气进口、不锈钢浸入管和热电偶的1L反应容器中稀释酰基氯/酯。将混合物升温至40℃并借助不锈钢浸入管,通过在液面下充入缓慢引入二乙胺(DMA)。在加入过程中,温度适度升高,并根据需要通过外部冷却维持在最高50℃。当已引入略高于2摩尔当量时,停止加入DMA,并在50℃下搅拌混合物1小时。然后给容器配备蒸馏支管和干冰冷阱,通过温和地施加真空来除去过量的DMA和CHCl3。在阱中浓缩挥发物,并逐渐增加真空度直到达到全真空。维持全真空30分钟,然后使用氮气回充该装置。使用乙酸乙酯(EtOAc,500mL)稀释如此获得的深色的粘稠液体,导致微细固体的沉淀。通过过滤除去固体,使用另外的EtOAc(2x250mL)洗涤吸湿性固体。通过旋转蒸发仪将深红色滤液蒸干,得到具有适当粘度的深红色油。将油溶于等体积的EtOAc中,并通过一段硅胶来过滤溶液,使颜色变浅。然后通过旋转蒸发仪蒸干滤液,并在高真空下彻底干燥,得到红色油(332.1g;收率98.7%)。产物的1H NMR分析与目标结构一致(δ3.6ppm,s,3H,酯-OCH 3;δ3.0ppm,2s,6H,酰胺N(CH 3)2)。碘值:70.7g I2/100g样品。
C18-26:C18DiDMAPA酰胺(100%反式)
向配备有机械搅拌器的圆底烧瓶中加入二酯C18-0(545.6g)和DMAPA(343.3g)。连接Dean-Stark分水器,并加入甲醇钠(20g的30重量%MeOH溶液)。在1.5小时内将温度升高至110℃,并收集甲醇。当蒸馏减慢时,将温度逐渐升高至150℃。在150℃下保持混合物6.5小时,然后冷却至室温。1H NMR分析表明有少量的未反应的甲酯。将混合物加热至180℃下保持数小时并加入另外的DMAPA和甲醇钠。冷却混合物并使用浓盐酸中和。当混合物冷却至90℃时,在剧烈搅拌下缓慢加入去离子水,产生酰胺沉淀以得到浆液。通过真空过滤分离固体并用水洗涤。在真空下干燥固体产物,全反式酰胺C18-26。收率:92.2%。1H NMR(CDCl3)根据3.65ppm处的甲酯峰消失和3.31、2.12和1.62ppm处的DMAPA CH2信号以及2.20ppm处的N(CH3)2的出现证实了酰胺的形成。
C18-68:C18DiDMAPA酰胺磺酸盐
将DiDMAPA酰胺基胺C18-26(82.9g)加入异丙醇(IPA,500g)中,并且将混合物加热至60℃并搅拌,得到均质的溶液。将亚硫酸钠(9.3g)溶于水(250g)中,并且将该溶液加入酰胺基胺溶液中。使用气态SO2将pH从9.2调节至6.5,并加入过氧化苯甲酰叔丁酯(TBB,0.90mL)。在75℃下搅拌混合物,并加入更多的IPA(50g)以帮助溶解。最后,混合物变稠并加入更多的IPA(50g)和水(50g)。搅拌混合物过夜。将水(75g)和更多的TBB(0.25mL)加入浑浊的混合物中。数小时后通过1H NMR分析显示50%转化。搅拌混合物过夜,进一步的分析显示59%转化。通入缓慢的O2充入以驱除IPA,并将温度升高至80℃。大约6小时后,停止加热并在室温下搅拌混合物过周末。分析显示97%转化。对残留的IPA进行汽提得到磺酸盐C18-68。水分:62.6%;无机硫酸盐:7.28%。
基于豆油的改性的甘油三酯(“MTG-0”)
除了省略1-丁烯以外,一般地按照实施例1A和1E的工序。
来自豆油和1-丁烯的交叉复分解的改性的甘油三酯(“UTG-0”)
不饱和的甘油三酯
(富含C10和C12,也含有C16和C18饱和基)
一般地按照实施例1A和1E的工序,由豆油和1-丁烯来制备UTG-0。
基于棕榈油的改性的甘油三酯(“PMTG-0”)
除了用棕榈油代替豆油以外,按照用于制备MTG-0的工序。
来自棕榈油和1-丁烯的交叉复分解的改性的甘油三酯(“PUTG-0”)
不饱和的甘油三酯
(富含C10和C12,也含有C16和C18饱和基)
除了用棕榈油代替豆油以外,按照用于制备UTG-0的工序。
MTG-0原料衍生物
脂肪酰胺是由改性的甘油三酯(MTG-0、PMTG-0)或不饱和的甘油三酯(UTG-0、PUTG-0)制备的。MTG产物(MTG-15、-16、-17和-18)的制备的详细信息显示如下。类似地制备相应的PMTG产物。PUTG产物(PUTG-15、-16、-17和-18)的制备的详细信息也显示如下,类似地制备相应的UTG产物。
MTG-15:MTG DMA酰胺
R=C16,C18饱和+不饱和
向圆底烧瓶中加入MTG-0(175.0g,0.71mol)并将原料加热至60℃。密封反应器并施加真空以对原料进行干燥/脱气。使用氮气回充反应器,然后通过注射器加入甲醇钠(7.5g的30%甲醇溶液)。将反应器温度升高至90℃。建立静态真空(-30”Hg),并通过液面下浸入管缓慢加入二甲胺(87g)。当反应器中的压力均衡时,从顶部通入氮气并将温度升高至110℃保持3.0小时。通过红外光谱(IR)检查反应进展。将温度升高至150℃并再保持8.5小时。IR显示相当完全的反应。
通过加入50%硫酸水溶液(4.1g)来淬灭催化剂。加入去离子水(100mL),并剧烈搅拌混合物~15分钟。使用水洗涤反应器内容物,同时加热以帮助相分离。加入硫酸水溶液直到水相测试为酸性。还使用NaCl水溶液(20%)帮助相分离。使用盐水再洗涤酰胺产物两次,然后将产物加回到反应容器中。将反应器加热至70℃并施加全真空0.5小时以除去残留的水。然后将温热的产物通过玻璃料滤器上的硅胶过滤。
MTG-16:MTG DEA酰胺
R=C16,C18饱和+不饱和
向配备有氮气进口、热电偶、加热套和搅拌器的圆底烧瓶中加入MTG-0(133.8g,0.487mol)并将原料加热至65℃。加入硼氢化钠(0.067g,0.0018mol),并在65℃下搅拌内容物1小时。将二乙醇胺(52.2g,0.497mol)和甲醇钠(2.29mL的30重量%甲醇溶液,0.012mol)加入到该混合物中。加入催化剂后,反应放热至~80℃。一旦放热平息,就将反应器加热至90-95℃并保持过夜。施加全真空5.0小时。1H NMR显示相当完全的转化。游离DEA:3.89%。
MTG-17:MTG MEA酰胺
R=C16,C18饱和+不饱和
一般地按照用于制备MTG-16的工序,使用MTG-0(134.2g,0.488mol)、硼氢化钠(0.067g,0.0018mol)、单乙醇胺(30.4g,0.498mol)和甲醇钠(2.30mL的30重量%甲醇溶液,0.012mol)。施加全真空1.0小时以汽提残留的游离胺。1H NMR显示相当完全的转化。游离MEA:0.53%。
MTG-18:MTG MIPA酰胺
R=C16,C18饱和+不饱和
一般地按照用于制备MTG-16的工序,使用MTG-0(130.5g,0.527mol)、硼氢化钠(0.065g,0.0017mol)、单异丙醇胺(40.35g,0.537mol)和甲醇钠(2.24mL的30重量%甲醇溶液,0.012mol)。施加全真空1.0小时以汽提残留的游离胺。1H NMR显示相当完全的转化。游离MIPA:0.64%。
PUTG-15:PUTG DMA酰胺
R=C16,,C1.8饱和
一般地按照用于制备MTG-15的工序,使用PUTG-0(250.0g,0.91mol)、甲醇钠(5.0g的30%甲醇溶液)和二甲胺(43g)。当反应器中的压力均衡时,从顶部向反应器通氮气并将混合物在80℃下保持过夜。IR分析显示大量的甘油酯剩余。将温度升高至120℃并通过液面下充入来继续加入DMA~4小时。然后将温度升高至140℃并继续加入DMA2小时。将反应混合物冷却至室温。加入的DMA总量:43g。重新将反应器加热至140℃并加入更多的甲醇钠(5g的30%甲醇溶液)。继续加入DMA2.0小时。将温度降低至80℃并保持7小时。
将混合物升温至50℃并加入去离子水(100mL)。通过加入50%的硫酸水溶液(9.1g)淬灭催化剂,并如前所述对混合物进行后处理。1H NMR显示相当完全的转化。
PUTG-16:PUTG DEA酰胺
R=C16,C18饱和
一般地按照用于制备MTG-16的工序,使用PUTG-0(133.1g,0.484mol)、硼氢化钠(0.067g,0.0017mol)、二乙醇胺(51.9g,0.494mol)和甲醇钠(2.28mL的30重量%甲醇溶液,0.012mol)。1H NMR显示相当完全的转化。游离DEA:2.04%。
PUTG-17:PUTG MEA酰胺
R=C16,C18饱和
一般地按照用于制备MTG-16的工序,使用PUTG-0(136.6g,0.497mol)、硼氢化钠(0.068g,0.0018mol)、单乙醇胺(31.0g,0.507mol)和甲醇钠(2.34mL的30重量%甲醇溶液,0.013mol)。1H NMR显示相当完全的转化。游离MEA:0.96%。
PUTG-18:PUTG MIPA酰胺
R=C1,6,Ca1.8饱和
一般地按照用于制备MTG-16的工序,使用PUTG-0(136.1g,0.495mol)、硼氢化钠(0.068g,0.0018mol)、单异丙醇胺(38.0g,0.505mol)和甲醇钠(2.34mL的30重量%甲醇溶液,0.013mol)。1H NMR显示相当完全转化。游离MIPA:0.90%。
农业产品:阴离子型乳化剂
阴离子型表面活性剂样品含有相对高量的水(>20%),被制备成水包油(EW)浓缩物。将这些样品与含有标准表面活性剂的对照例或空白例一起进行试验。配制足够的以针对两种水硬度(34ppm和1000ppm)来分别测试三种样品。
样品的制备:将吡草醚(Pyraflufen)(97.8%活性,0.30g)与C-25(辛酸甲酯/癸酸甲酯,7.20g)和N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(1.20g)合并,并磁力搅拌该混合物直到溶解。在不同的容器中将8242(蓖麻油乙氧基化物,POE40,Stepan的产品,0.96g)、MT-630F(脂肪酸乙氧基化物,POE30,Stepan,0.19g)、Ninex MT-615(脂肪酸乙氧基化物,POE15,Stepan,0.17g)、Aromatic150溶剂(ExxonMobil,0.37g)和待测的阴离子型样品(0.71g)共混。如果需要,阴离子型样品在与其它表面活性剂合并之前在50-60℃的烘箱中熔化。当吡草醚已经溶解时,加入全部表面活性剂共混物并磁力搅拌直到变成均质。缓慢加入去离子水(0.90g)并混合以防止胶凝。注意浊度变化并记录。
对照例2的样品:不包含Ninate60L(或阴离子型样品),将Aromatic150的量增加至1.08g。
乳液稳定性试验
对ASTM E1116-98(2008)作如下修改。向平底的100mL刻度量筒中加入34ppm或1000ppm水(95mL)。使用Mohr移液管将EW浓缩物加入每个量筒中。用塞子塞住量筒并颠倒十次,然后静置0.5、1和24小时,同时将每次的稳定性记录为分离类型和分离%。
根据以下标准记录自发性:(1)差:非常稀薄的乳液云(emulsioncloud),油滴大量分离;(2)一般:稀薄的乳液云,油滴少量分离;(3)良好:稀薄的乳液云接近量筒的底部,无任何类型的分离;(4)极好:稠密的乳液云接近量筒的底部,无任何类型的分离。
结果提供于表4中。以下显示的三种样品作为阴离子型表面活性剂整体评价为“良好”。
农业产品:非离子型乳化剂
非离子型样品含有低量的水(<1%),使用两种不同的溶剂系统将所述非离子型样品与三种杀虫剂制备成可乳化的浓缩物(EC)。在芳香溶剂系列中,非离子型样品代替8240(蓖麻油乙氧基化物,36POE,Stepan),在HallcomidTM(N,N-二甲基辛酰胺/N,N-二甲基癸酰胺,Stepan)溶剂系列中,非离子型样品代替MT-630F。制备的量足够针对两种水硬度(34ppm和1000ppm)来分别测试三种样品。
芳香溶剂系列
样品的制备:搅拌60E(烷基苯磺酸钙,Stepan)和试验样品直到变成均质的。如果需要,非离子型表面活性剂在与Ninate60E合并之前在50-60℃的烘箱中熔化。通过使用所显示的量的Toximul8240代替非离子型样品来制备对照例1-3。
制剂:
1.联苯菊酯,240g/L(2.99g),Aromatic100(ExxonMobil,8.05g),Ninate60E(0.38g),和非离子型样品或Toximul8240(0.58g)。
2.2,4-D酯,480g/L(8.90g),D-110(ExxonMobil,2.50g),Ninate60E(0.36g),和非离子型样品或Toximul8240(0.24g)。
3.戊唑醇,360g/L(4.45g),N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮(6.35g),Ninate60E(0.48g),非离子型样品或Toximul8240(0.72g)。
Hallcomid溶剂系列
样品的制备:将表面活性剂合并并搅拌直到变成均质的,如果需要,在合并之前将非离子型样品熔化。通过使用所显示的量的NinexMT-630F代替非离子型样品来制备对照例1-3。
制剂:
1.联苯菊酯,240g/L(2.99g),Hallcomid M-8-10(8.29g),Ninate60E(0.09g),Toximul8320(0.22g),Toximul8242(0.29g),和非离子型样品或Ninex MT-630F(0.13g)。
2.2,4-D二酯,480g/L(8.90g),Hallcomid M-8-10(2.38g),Ninate60E(0.09g),Toximul8320(0.22g),Toximul8242(0.29g),和非离子型样品或Ninex MT-630F(0.13g)。
3.戊唑醇,360g/L(4.45g),Hallcomid M-8-10(6.83g),Ninate60E(0.09g),Toximul8320(0.22g),Toximul8242(0.29g),和非离子型样品或Ninex MT-630F(0.13g)。
乳液稳定性试验
对ASTM E1116-98(2008)作如下修改。向平底的100mL刻度量筒中加入34ppm或100ppm水(95mL)。使用Mohr移液管将EW浓缩物加入每个量筒中。用塞子塞住量筒并颠倒十次,然后静置0.5、1和24小时,同时将每次的稳定性记录为分离类型和分离%。如阴离子型乳化剂的测试所述的评价自发性。
两个溶剂系统的结果提供于表5中。根据整体试验结果,C10-27作为非离子型表面活性剂被评价为“良好”。
农业分散剂筛选:
通过在五种典型的杀虫剂活性成分中的性能来评价组合物用作农业分散剂的可能性,所述杀虫剂为:莠去津(atrazine)、百菌清(chlorothalonil)、敌草隆(diuron)、吡虫啉(imidacloprid)和戊唑醇(tebuconazole)。通过与五种标准分散剂比较来评价每种分散剂样品的性能,所述标准分散剂为:DF-100、DF-200、DF-400、DF-500和DF-600(全部为Stepan Company的产品),并且任选地在非离子型或阴离子型润湿剂存在或不存在的条件下对每种分散剂进行测定。
如下所示,针对每种活性物质来制备筛选样品。根据需要,筛选过程可以包括或排除润湿剂、粘土和各种添加剂。杀虫剂(“原药”)在制剂中的重量百分比取决于希望的终产品的活性水平。活性水平的选择与市场上的其它产品类似。如果是新的活性成分,则使用最高的活性水平。
在各种硬度的水中评价样品,在该情况下硬度为342ppm和1000ppm。在环境温度下进行初始评价。如果需要可以评价其它温度。342ppm水是通过将无水氯化钙(0.304g)和六水氯化镁(0.139g)溶于去离子水并稀释至1L来制备的。1000ppm水是通过使用0.89g的氯化钙和0.40g的六水氯化镁来类似地制备的。
将原药(60-92.5重量%)、润湿剂(0.5-1.0重量%,如果使用)、二氧化硅(0.5-1.0重量%)和粘土(余量)在适合的容器中共混。如果需要,使用锤头或空气/喷射磨机将共混物研磨至粒径至少为d(90)小于20μ。将试验分散剂(0.1g)加入烧杯中的试验水(50mL)中并搅拌1-2分钟。将含有原药(1.0g)的经研磨的粉末加入分散剂溶液中并搅拌,直到所有粉末变湿(2-5分钟)。使用用于漂洗烧杯的另外的试验水将混合物转移至100mL量筒中,然后稀释至体积。用塞子塞住量筒并颠倒十次,然后静置。在时间=0.5、1.0、2.0和24小时处进行目视检查,并记录所观察到的沉积量(以mL计)。痕量的沉积=“Tr”(参见表7和8)。
与对照例相比的整体结果总结于表6中;四种酰胺的性能至少与对照例一样好。单个试验的详细信息报告于表7中(包含润湿剂)和表8中(不含润湿剂)。
水溶性除草剂制剂试验
检查了作为阴离子型、非离子型或阴离子型/非离子型共混部分的替代品的用于水溶性除草剂应用的表面活性剂候选物,并与用于百草枯(paraquat)的已知工业助剂标准进行比较,所述百草枯为水溶性的除草剂浓缩制剂。进行了标准稀释试验,将浓缩物在水中稀释以测定是否溶解完全。
对照例:将百草枯(9.13g,43.8%的活性物质)加入20mL玻璃瓶中。加入已知的工业百草枯助剂(2.8g)并剧烈混合物30秒。加入去离子水(8.07g),并继续混合30秒。将标准342ppm水(47.5mL)加入50mL奈斯勒量筒(Nessler cylinder)中,用塞子塞住所述量筒并在30℃的水浴中平衡。一旦试验水达到平衡,通过移液管将配制的百草枯(2.5mL)加入量筒中。用塞子塞住所述量筒并颠倒十次。溶解度记录为完全或不完全。将量筒静置,30分钟、1小时、2小时和24小时后记录分离的量(以mL计)和类型。溶解度试验的结果显示于下表9中。
阴离子型试验样品:将百草枯(4.57g,43.8%的活性物质)加入20mL玻璃瓶中。加入八至十摩尔的烷基酚乙氧基化物表面活性剂(0.7g)并剧烈混合30秒。加入试验样品(0.7g)并继续混合30秒。加入去离子水(4.03g),并继续混合30秒。将2.5mL的配制的百草枯的样品加入到47.5mL的342ppm硬度的水中,并根据以上用于对照样品的工序继续进行试验。
非离子型试验样品:将百草枯(4.57g,43.8%的活性物质)加入20mL玻璃瓶中。加入试验样品(0.7g)并剧烈混合30秒。加入直链烷基苯磺酸钠(“NaLAS”,0.7g)并继续混合30秒。加入去离子水(4.03g),并继续混合30秒。将2.5mL的配制的百草枯的样品加入到47.5mL的342ppm硬度的水中,并根据以上用于对照样品的工序继续进行试验。
助剂(阴离子型/非离子型)试验样品:将百草枯(4.57g,43.8%的活性物质)加入20mL玻璃瓶中。加入试验样品(1.4g)并剧烈混合30秒。加入去离子水(4.03g),并继续混合30秒。将2.5mL的配制的百草枯的样品加入到47.5mL的342ppm硬度的水中,并根据以上用于对照样品的工序继续进行试验。
乳液溶解度的标准:试验样品应与对照例一样好或者优于对照例,在1小时后不分离。在乳液溶解度试验中,三种试验样品的性能与对照例一样好或者比对照例更好。结果显示在表9中。
农用化学品溶剂分析:活性物质溶解度
通过确定四种标准杀虫剂在溶剂中的溶解度水平(以重量百分比计),来评价潜在的农用化学品溶剂的溶解力强度,所述四种标准杀虫剂为:2,4-D酸、吡虫啉、氟乐灵和戊唑醇。使用具有面板的磁力搅拌器(pane magnetic stirrer)和精确称量的2至2.2g的溶剂样品的4mL瓶进行试验。活性物质在加入之前也被精确称量。活性物质的初始量约为:2,4-D:0.3g;吡虫啉:0.02g;氟乐灵:0.5g;戊唑醇:0.3g。将溶剂和杀虫剂活性物质合并,在室温下混合1小时,然后检查是否出现未溶解的活性物质。以适当的较小的增量加入额外的活性物质,直到不再完全溶解。然后在室温下搅拌该混合物24小时,如果活性物质完全溶解,再加入额外的活性成分并在室温下再搅拌混合物24小时。记录百分溶解度,并将性能与标准农业溶剂进行比较。
当遵照上述方法时,该试验中的五种酰胺组合物的性能与对照例一样好,一个(Mix-59)为优异,如下表10中所指出。
详细的结果显示在下表11中:
硬表面清洁剂:水性脱脂剂
该试验测量了清洁产品将油污(greasy dirt soil)从白色乙烯基瓷砖上去除的能力。试验是自动化的,并且使用工业标准的加德纳直线式洗涤装置(Gardner Straight Line Washability Apparatus)。摄像机和受控制的照明用于采集清洁过程的现场录像。机器使用以已知量的试验产品润湿的海绵。当机器用海绵擦拭污染的瓷砖时,录像记录结果,由所述结果可测定清洁百分比。使用以1:32的比例用水稀释的试验制剂总共进行十次擦拭并且计算1-10次中的每一次的清洁度以提供产品清洁效率的数据图。根据是否为阴离子型、两性或非离子型将试验样品用作不同对照例制剂的组分。
阴离子型试验样品:
由丙二醇正丙醚(4.0g)、丁基卡必醇(4.0g)、柠檬酸钠(4.0g)、EC-690乙氧基化醇(1.0g,Stepan的产品)、试验样品(0.29g,如果是100%活性物质)、和去离子水制备中性可稀释的多用途清洁剂(至100.0g溶液)。在用于阴离子型试验的对照样品中,用WA-Extra PCK(十二烷基硫酸钠,Stepan,1.0g,标称30%的活性物质)代替试验样品。
非离子型和两性试验样品:
由丙二醇正丙醚(4.0g)、丁基卡必醇(4.0g)、柠檬酸钠(4.0g)、WA-Extra PCK(十二烷基硫酸钠,1.0g)、试验样品(0.90g,如果是100%活性物质)、和去离子水制备中性可稀释的多用途清洁剂(至100.0g溶液)。在用于非离子型/两性试验的对照样品中,用EC-690(乙氧基化醇,1.0g,标称90%的活性物质)代替试验样品。
污物组成(来自Gardner ASTM D4488-95方法):
使用颗粒介质(50mg)和油介质(5滴)污染瓷砖。颗粒介质由(以重量份计)hyperhumus(39)、石蜡油(1)、废机油(1.5)、波特兰水泥(17.7)、二氧化硅1(8)、莫拉卡黑(1.5)、氧化铁(0.3)、带状黑粘土(18)、硬脂酸(2)和油酸(2)组成。油介质由煤油(12)、Stoddard溶剂(12)、石蜡油(1),SAE-10机油(1)、J.M.SmuckerCo.的产品起酥油(1)、橄榄油(3)、亚油酸(3)和角鲨烯(3)组成。
表13显示了在加德纳直线式洗涤试验中,六种非离子或两性试验样品(季铵化磺酸盐和酰胺)以及一种阴离子样品(酰胺磺酸盐)的性能与对照例一样好或比对照例更好。对照例的结果总结于表12中。
工业脱脂剂制剂
该测试测定溶剂清洁白色乙烯瓷片油腻污垢的能力。污泥与Gardner ASTM D4488-95A5方法中使用的相同,仅是用刷子施用到瓷片。测试包括将一滴测试溶剂置于弄脏的瓷片上,等候10秒(纯样品)或30秒(稀释的),然后在第一滴附近加上第二滴,等候预定的时间,加入第三滴等。几分钟后,停止滴加并清洗瓷片,照相,相对于纯对照例和在稀释的制剂中的对照例判断清洁度。
将纯样品与M8-10、N,N-二甲基癸酰胺和N,N-二甲基辛酰胺的混合物,Stepan的产品进行对比测试。
稀释的样品由测试活性物(5.0g)、LMDO(月桂酰胺丙基氧化胺,Stepan的产品,10.0g)和去离子水(足量至100g)制备。用于稀释样品的对照例以Steposol M8-10(5.0g)替换活性测试物。
结果显示于表14中。总体而言,当对纯样品和稀释样品进行测试时,C10-C12酰胺作为脱脂剂溶剂的性能超过对照例。
个人护理:清洁应用
使用粘度和机械振动泡沫测试来评估特定表面活性剂在用于个人护理的清洁应用中作为辅助表面活性剂(secondary surfactant)的可能值。
将所有试验样品的性能与对照例(椰油酰胺MEA或椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱)相比进行评价。
通过使用12%活性十二烷基醚(1)硫酸钠(SLES-1)制备试验材料或对照例的水溶液,然后借助Brookfield DV-1+粘度计测量粘度来生成粘度曲线。递增量地加入氯化钠(1-3重量%),并记录粘度作为增加的NaCl浓度的函数。“良好”的结果是显示与对照样品相当的粘度建立。“优异”的评价表明样品基本上比对照例更快地建立粘度。
使用机械振动泡沫测试对泡沫性质进行评价。制备了由12%活性SLES-1和试验材料或对照材料(1.5活性酰胺)构成的水溶液。之后,在0.2%总表面活性剂活性物质下计算的样品溶液是使用25℃的自来水,由水溶液来制备的。将溶液的100.0g部分小心地转移至500mL的刻度量筒中。加入蓖麻油(2.0g)。用塞子将量筒塞住并机械颠倒十次,然后静置15秒。记录泡沫高度。5分钟后,再次记录泡沫高度。在没有蓖麻油的条件下重复试验。在一组试验中,清洁基在试验和对照例运行中均含有SLES-1。在第二组试验中,清洁剂含有另一种广泛使用的阴离子型表面活性剂而不是SLES-1,所述阴离子型表面活性剂即2-磺基月桂酸甲酯钠和2-磺基月桂酸二钠的混合物。当含有试验材料的溶液产生的泡沫高度在对照例运行的+/-25mL内,则记录下“良好”的结果。结果相比对照例大于25mL时获得优异的评价;结果比对照例小于25mL时,评价为差。
如表15所示,十四种试验物质在粘度和泡沫测试中均显示良好的整体性能。
个人护理/抗微生物洗手皂:
测定泡沫增强益处的方法
泡沫体积对于消费者标志着“干净”,是抗微生物洗手皂中的希望的特性。由于阳离子抗微生物活性物质与阴离子表面活性剂(最好的起泡剂)不相容,因此使用阳离子抗微生物活性物质实现足够的泡沫体积是具有挑战性的。以下方法确定了在抗微生物的洗手皂基中能够比椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱(活性物质/活性物质基础)提供更多的泡沫体积的表面活性剂。制剂:去离子水(足量至100重量%),椰油基葡糖苷(3.0重量%),月桂胺氧化物(3.0重量%),苯扎氯铵(0.1重量%),和试验分子或椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱(3.0重量%)。
通过按以上指定的顺序来混合成分从而制备溶液,使用搅拌棒搅拌或使用顶置式搅拌器温和混合或使用抹刀手动混合。如果试验分子在室温下为固态,那么可以施加热量。维持混合以确保得到均质的溶液。将pH调节至6.5+/-0.5。
在0.2%的总表面活性剂的活性物质浓度(使用来自密歇根湖的自来水将2.22g溶液配制成100mL,~150ppm Ca/Mg硬度)下,在有和没有2%蓖麻油的条件下使用量筒倒置试验(cylinder inversion test)比较了试验溶液和对照例溶液的泡沫体积。进行了初始和延时(5分钟)测量。
评价系统:优异:在油和无油系统中结果>25mL,即超过椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱对照例。良好:在油和无油系统中,结果在椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱对照例的25mL内。差:在油和无油系统中,结果>25mL,即低于椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱对照例。
如表16所示,三种试验物质在抗微生物洗手皂试验中显示良好的整体性能。
头发护理剂:用于评价湿润梳理能力的工序
使用一致且统一的头发类型(重漂白的金发)制备发束(10”长,2-3g)。发束均采用15%活性十二烷基硫酸钠溶液洗涤。在洗发过程中注意避免过多的缠结。使用40℃的自来水将发束漂洗干净。重复该过程,以模拟双次洗发剂应用。分离发束并标记以进行试验。使用注射器将头发护理剂制剂(2.0cm3)施用于每种洁净的湿润发束上,无论其为试验或对照例。当试验材料是非季铵化的脂肪酰胺时,用作试验对照例的碱性头发护理剂含有鲸蜡醇(2.0%)、羟乙基纤维素(0.7%)、西曲氯铵(1.0%)、氯化钾(0.5%)和水(足量至100%)。将试验样品配制成基础头发护理剂的2重量%(活性物质)添加剂。
使头发护理剂在头发上发挥一分钟作用,同时用手指向下抚摩。在40℃的自来水下彻底将发束漂洗干净。将多余的水从每个发束中挤出以模拟毛巾擦干的头发。首先在湿润状态下将头发梳通。针对每种试验样品和基础头发护理剂来评价梳理的容易度,与仅使用基础头发护理剂的结果相比,确定试验样品的定性评价。通过酰胺添加剂增强的基础头发护理剂的护发作用(conditioning)在现阶段具有技术性的成功,并且是优异评价的基础。与基础头发护理剂相比具有等同或更低的性能得到差的评价。结果显示于表17中。
浓缩衣物洗涤剂的冷水清洁性能
该方法评价衣物洗涤剂制剂的整体冷水(55°F)清洁性能,该制剂包含阴离子表面活性剂和非离子表面活性剂的浓缩共混物、助洗剂、C16MES和实验样品。如下述部分所述制备制剂。相对于椰油酰胺DEA,测试实验样品改善整体清洁性能的能力。
浓缩共混物的制备:
首先将去离子水(需要总量的90%)与S-101(十二烷基苯磺酸,3.27重量%,Stepan的产品)合并,并在50℃下混合。加入氢氧化钠(50%水溶液)至pH11(需要总量的约24%的4重量%)。加入柠檬酸(50%水溶液,6.2重量%),接着加入三乙醇胺(3.45重量%)。缓慢加入EC-690(月桂醇聚醚,90%活性物质,27.8重量%,Stepan的产品)。将pH调节至7.8至8.4,使用剩余的氢氧化钠水溶液达到8.1的目标。加入二甲苯磺酸钠(40%活性物质,4.30重量%),接着加入防腐剂和剩余的去离子水(足量至100重量%)。
使用C
16
MES和共混物制备超级衣物洗涤剂
在55-60℃下加入去离子水(足量至100重量%)。加入以上制备的浓缩的共混物(58.0重量%),同时将温度保持在50℃至60℃。缓慢加入C16MES(87%活性物质,10.34重量%)并使其溶解。然后将混合物冷却至35℃。然后缓慢加入试验样品或椰油酰胺DEA标准(5.0重量%)并混合,直到该批变成均质的。
冷水清洗评价:
将衣物洗涤剂(30g,参见部分A)装入洗衣机,然后装入与枕套相连的弄脏/玷污的织物样本。洗涤温度:55°F。漂洗温度:55°F。将样本与枕套分离、干燥并熨烫。扫描样本以测定L*、a*、b*值,它们用来计算每一类型样本的去污指数(SRI)。最后,计算ΔSRI,其等于试验样品的SRI减去预先确定的标准衣物洗涤剂制剂(或对照例)的SRI。当│ΔSRI│≥1时,裸眼可察觉区别。如果ΔSRI值大于或等于1,样品为优异。如果ΔSRI小于或等于-1,样品为差。如果ΔSRI大于-1且小于1,认为样本与对照例等同。
使用以下标准的弄脏/或玷污的织物样本:棉布上的粉尘皮脂(DSC)、牛脂(BT)、聚酯上的高岭土和羊毛脂(WFK30C)、棉布上的草(GC)、棉布上的蓝莓(BC)、棉布上的可可粉(EMPA112)以及棉布上的血/墨汁/牛奶(EMPA116)。每次洗涤使用每种样本的至少三个。将样本钉在枕套上洗涤,包括额外的枕套达到6磅装载量。
使用相同的步骤洗涤所有的枕套/样本,注意确保水温、洗涤时间、添加方式等在冷水洗涤过程中保持恒定。当循环结束时,从枕套取出样本,在架子上稍微加热干燥,并用干熨斗简单按压。
使用HunterXE分光光度计确定L*、a*、b*值来计算每一类样本的SRI,去污指数(SRI)计算如下:
ΔSRI=SRI样品-SRI标准
在冷水清洗测试中,一个试验样品C12-30的性能超过对照样品(参见表18)。
油田产品:石蜡分散剂
沥青烯筛选测试
在油井的酸增产过程中,将HCl、HF和腐蚀抑制剂的共混物泵送至井中,静置,然后泵出。在酸的传输过程中,在酸溶液中形成少量的氯化铁。一旦酸性共混物将在井筒中污垢和沉积物溶解,原油就开始流动并与井中的酸性溶液混合。原油可以在酸化后固化,而沥青烯一直与该问题相关。因此,通常在酸中加入分散剂以防止固化。
测试方法:
通过将1%FeCl3加入15%HCl溶液中来制备铁污染的酸储备溶液。将待测试的样品分散剂(0.2重量%)加入酸储备溶液(7.5mL)中。将酸/分散剂混合物和原油(2.5mL)加入到15mL的小瓶中,并剧烈振摇小瓶30秒。记录初始的外观。在室温下静置1小时后,再次记录外观。将小瓶放置在烘箱(50℃)中24小时并记录其外观。将小瓶冷却至室温并再次记录外观。最后,室温下24小时后,再次记录外观。进行了含有原油和酸溶液但不含分散剂的空白对照例。还进行了含有大豆酰胺基胺三甲基氯化铵作为分散剂的对照样品。还进行了含有测试分散剂与大豆酰胺基胺三甲基氯化铵1:1的混合物的另一种样品。
一个样品C18-66作为石蜡分散剂提供了优异的性能。
油田腐蚀抑制:极化电阻工序
在50℃的温和条件(CO2充气)下、在稀NACE盐水(3.5重量%NaCl;0.111重量%CaCl2.2H2O;0.068重量%MgCl2 6H2O)中运行极化电阻。工作电极是圆柱形的,由C1018钢制成,以3000rpm的转速旋转。对电极为铂丝。参比电极为具有内部盐桥的甘汞电极。在至少3小时内建立基线腐蚀率。一旦建立基线,就注入腐蚀抑制剂并在剩下的试验期间收集数据。希望的抑制剂浓度为0.00011-0.0010meq/g活性物质。软件详细信息:在1800秒下开启初始延迟,稳定性为0.05mV/s;范围:-0.02至+0.02V;扫描速率:0.1mV/s;采样周期:1秒;数据收集:~24小时。终腐蚀率为最后5-6小时的数据收集的平均。防护率由下式计算:
防护率=(初始防护率[无抑制剂] 最终防护率[具有抑制剂)*100
初始防护率[无抑制剂]
如表19所示,两种试验样品作为腐蚀抑制剂显示整体性能等同于对照例的性能。
作为漆料添加剂的性能
漆料制剂
将二氧化钛浆液(DupontR746)加入到容器中,接着加入去离子水和丙二醇,将内容物混合(500rpm)。加入胶乳(49%固体)和防腐剂(GA,Thor的产品)。通过注射器在液面下加入增稠剂(AcrysolTM SCT-275,Dow的产品,0.3%)。使用氢氧化铵溶液将pH调节至9.0。将批料混合30分钟,然后静置至少2小时。温和地再混合批料,并将一部分(240g)转移至400mL烧杯中。加入溶剂(C18酰胺)和衍生物(基于胶乳固体,1.76%的活性物质)并在650rpm下搅拌。使用更多的增稠剂将粘度调节至初始KU为90。遮盖漆料并在24小时后测量最终KU。其值落入93-100KU的范围,并且相对于原始测量值变化不超过5KU。
示例性制剂:TiO2(基于固体):24.35重量%;水:46.39重量%;丙二醇2.59重量%;胶乳(基于固体)22.76%;氢氧化铵:0.04重量%;防腐剂:0.10重量%;对照添加剂(溶剂):1.14重量%;衍生物(100%固体):0.40重量%;增稠剂:2.23重量%。PVC:22.1%。VOC:<50g/L。终KU:98.6。
耐湿擦洗性/ASTM2486修改:
针对每种漆料制剂进行耐湿擦洗,所述耐湿擦洗基于ASTM-2486-00的方法B的修改版本;修改成重量损失%。使用13cm宽,10mil的湿膜涂覆器将漆料涂覆于Leneta P-121-10N塑料板上,并且在测试前在环境条件下干燥五天。然后将具有涂层的板切割成条(16.5cmx5.7cm,每次切下两条)。测试之前对条板进行称量。每次将两个样品置于Gardner Company擦洗测试仪上,样品之间约有2”的间隙,并对样品进行粘贴以将板固定在机器上。将垫片(spacer)置于样品上,以保持板刷路径并进一步固定样品。将在室温水中预先处理的板刷(8cmx3cm)插入支架中。将擦洗化合物(10g,作为“ASTM-2486擦洗化合物”由Leneta Company提供)均匀地涂抹在刷子上。将水(5g)置于样品之间的间隙中。以1200个循环来测试样品。每300个循环重新施用另外的擦洗化合物(10g)和水(5g)。然后在温水下漂洗条板并干燥24小时。重新称量条板并测定除去的涂层%。
耐湿擦洗性/ASTM2486垫片法
使用上述步骤,除了在施用具有涂层的板条之前添加垫片(ASTM接受的)。目视来测定循环失败。
光泽度测定-60°/20°-ASTM D523
使用湿膜涂覆器(13cm x10mil)将漆料涂覆于Leneta P-121-10N塑料板上,并且在测试前在环境条件下干燥五天。使用ASTM公认的光泽计(Gardco)来测定光泽度。
结果:一个样品C10-12作为漆料添加剂是优异的(参见表20)
作为全丙烯酸胶乳的聚结溶剂的性能
将丙烯酸胶乳聚合物(49%固体)加入罐中并与基于乳胶固体5%水平的试验样品(对于100%活性样品为0.6g)混合至少16小时。在Rhopoint MFFT90仪器上铸膜,调节所述仪器使其表面温度梯度为0℃至180℃。测定混合物的最低成膜温度(MFFT)。试验样品作为唯一溶剂或作为60:40混合物(对照溶剂:试验样品)进行评估。也分析了对照样品,包括仅有胶乳和胶乳加上对照溶剂。结果显示于表21中。
作为乳胶漆中的聚结溶剂的性能
将二氧化钛浆液(DupontR746)加入到容器中,接着加入去离子水和丙二醇,将内容物混合(500rpm)。加入胶乳(49%固体)和防腐剂(GA,Thor的产品)。通过注射器在液面下加入增稠剂(AcrysolTM SCT-275,Dow的产品,0.3%)。使用氢氧化铵溶液将pH调节至9.0。将批料混合30分钟,然后静置至少2小时。温和地再混合批料,并将一部分(240g)转移至400mL的烧杯中。在基于胶乳固体2-5%的水平下加入衍生物作为溶剂,并在650rpm下混合。使用更多的增稠剂将粘度调节至90KU。遮盖漆料并在24小时后测量粘度。其值落入93-100KU的范围,并且相对于原始测量值的变化不超过5KU。
示例性制剂,具有C18酰胺的2%助溶剂:TiO2(基于固体):24.50重量%;水:46.66重量%;丙二醇2.60重量%;胶乳(基于固体)22.89%;氢氧化铵:0.04重量%;防腐剂:0.10重量%;对照添加剂:0.68%;衍生物(100%固体):0.46重量%;增稠剂:2.07重量%。PVC:22.1%。VOC:<50g/L。终KU:103.7。
示例性制剂,5%溶剂,仅有衍生物:TiO2(基于固体):24.43重量%;水:46.54重量%;丙二醇2.60重量%;胶乳(基于固体)22.84%;氢氧化铵:0.05重量%;防腐剂:0.10重量%;衍生物:1.14重量%;增稠剂:2.30重量%。PVC:22.1%。VOC:<50g/L。终KU:97.7。
结果:测试的四种样品在乳胶漆中与一种(或多种)对照溶剂的性能一样好。参见表22。
在评价聚结溶剂的另一种测试中,使用热重分析(TGA)来测定试验样品与对照溶剂相比的VOC含量。设置仪器以测量在110℃下60分钟内的重量损失。试验样品C12-25得到4.49%的VOC值,相比之下对照样品C12二甲基酰胺为4.20%。这表明C12-25与对照例具有等同的性能。
抗微生物产品:杀生物剂活性物质
使用快速筛查分析来评价杀生物功效,所述快速筛查分析是一种基于ATP的方法,可以在5分钟内测量出细菌的相对杀灭%。所使用的对照例为第一代ADBAC BTC835(苄基二甲基氯化铵)。试验生物体:
绿脓假单胞菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)和金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureas)。
在Mueller Hinton肉汤中制备24小时的试验生物体培养物并进行孵育。根据样品的活性物质水平,在去离子水或400ppm水中准确称量样品以制备1000ppm的溶液。将24小时培养物稀释成10体积%以获得~107cfu/mL(群落形成单位每毫升)的细胞浓度。使用BacTiter-Glo微生物细胞活力检测试剂盒(Promega的产品)中提供的说明书来制备试剂,并在室温下校准15分钟。将每种制剂类型分配于(90μL,浓度为1000ppm)96孔板的每一列中。将空白培养基,即Mueller Hinton肉汤(10μL)重复分配于三个孔(1-3)中以测定基线,而将待测的生物体(10μL)重复分配于九个试验孔(4-12)中。启动计时器,并振摇试验板(基线和试验)30秒。在合适的接触时间(例如,5分钟或10分钟)末,向每种反应混合物中加入等量的BacTiter-GloTM试剂混合物,从试验样品开始到基线样品结束。在振摇以确保彻底混合后,测量并记录每孔的相对发光单位(RLU)。对于DI或硬水中的每种生物体而言,在5分钟接触时间后的107cfu/mL的杀灭%由以下公式计算:
杀灭%=[1-(孔的平均RLU试验组-孔的平均RLU基线对照组)]/80000
如表23所示,当作为抗微生物活性物质进行试验时,一种试验的组合物的性能与对照例一样好。
前述的实施例仅用于说明。以下的权利要求对本发明进行限定。
Claims (43)
1.脂肪酰胺,所述脂肪酰胺包含复分解生成的C10-C17单不饱和酸、十八碳烯-1,18-二酸、或它们的酯衍生物与氨或者伯胺或仲胺的反应产物。
2.衍生物,所述衍生物是由对权利要求1所述的酰胺进行还原、季铵化、磺化、烷氧基化、硫酸化和亚硫酸化中的一种或多种制备的。
3.权利要求1所述的酰胺,其中所述酸或酯衍生物反应物具有至少1摩尔%的反式-Δ9的不饱和基。
4.权利要求1所述的酰胺,其中所述胺的至少一个N或O原子连接于胺的N原子的β或γ位的碳上。
5.权利要求1所述的酰胺,所述酰胺具有式:
R1CO-NR2R3
其中R1为R4-C9H16-或R5O2C-C16H30-;R4为氢或C1-C7烷基;R5为取代或未取代的烷基、芳基、烯基、氧化亚烷基、聚氧化亚烷基、甘油酯、或单价或二价阳离子;并且R2和R3各自独立地为H、C1-C6烷基或-CH2CH2OR6,其中R6为H或C1-C6烷基。
6.权利要求1所述的酰胺,其中所述胺选自乙醇胺、N-甲基乙醇胺和二乙醇胺。
7.权利要求1所述的酰胺,其中所述胺为2-氨基乙基乙醇胺(AEEA),并且所述酰胺为咪唑啉酯。
8.权利要求1所述的酰胺,其中所述胺为二乙烯三胺(DETA),并且所述酰胺为咪唑啉酰胺。
9.权利要求1所述的酰胺,其中所述酯衍生物是由天然油的自复分解制备的改性的甘油三酯。
10.权利要求9所述的酰胺,其中所述天然油选自豆油、棕榈油、菜籽油、海藻油及其混合物。
11.权利要求1所述的酰胺,其中所述酯衍生物是由天然油与烯烃的交叉复分解制备的不饱和甘油三酯。
12.权利要求11所述的酰胺,其中所述天然油选自豆油、棕榈油、菜籽油、海藻油及其混合物,所述烯烃为C2-C8α-烯烃或C4-C9内烯烃。
13.权利要求1所述的酰胺,其中所述C10-C17单不饱和酸或酯衍生物包含C10和C12单不饱和酸或酯衍生物。
14.权利要求1所述的酰胺,其中所述C10-C17单不饱和酸或酯衍生物包含C10和C14单不饱和酸或酯衍生物。
15.权利要求1所述的酰胺,其中所述C10-C17单不饱和酸或酯衍生物包含C10和C16单不饱和酸或酯衍生物。
16.用于农业组合物的阴离子型乳化剂,所述阴离子型乳化剂包含权利要求1所述的脂肪酰胺。
17.用于农业组合物的阴离子型乳化剂,所述阴离子型乳化剂包含权利要求2所述的脂肪酰胺衍生物。
18.用于农业组合物的非离子型乳化剂,所述非离子型乳化剂包含权利要求1所述的脂肪酰胺。
19.用于农业组合物的非离子型乳化剂,所述非离子型乳化剂包含权利要求2所述的脂肪酰胺衍生物。
20.用于农业组合物的分散剂,所述分散剂包含权利要求1所述的脂肪酰胺。
21.用于农业组合物的分散剂,所述分散剂包含权利要求2所述的脂肪酰胺衍生物。
22.水溶性的除草剂组合物,所述组合物包含权利要求1所述的脂肪酰胺。
23.水溶性的除草剂组合物,所述组合物包含权利要求2所述的脂肪酰胺衍生物。
24.农业溶剂,所述溶剂包含权利要求1所述的脂肪酰胺。
25.农业溶剂,所述溶剂包含权利要求2所述的脂肪酰胺衍生物。
26.抗微生物组合物,所述组合物包含权利要求1所述的脂肪酰胺。
27.抗微生物组合物,所述组合物包含权利要求2所述的脂肪酰胺衍生物。
28.含水的硬表面清洁剂,所述清洁剂包含权利要求1所述的脂肪酰胺。
29.含水的硬表面清洁剂,所述清洁剂包含权利要求2所述的脂肪酰胺衍生物。
30.工业硬表面清洁剂,所述清洁剂包含权利要求1所述的脂肪酰胺。
31.工业硬表面清洁剂,所述清洁剂包含权利要求2所述的脂肪酰胺衍生物。
32.衣物洗涤剂制剂,所述制剂包含权利要求1所述的脂肪酰胺。
33.衣物洗涤剂制剂,所述制剂包含权利要求2所述的脂肪酰胺衍生物。
34.洗发剂或头发护理剂,所述洗发剂或头发护理剂包含权利要求1所述的脂肪酰胺。
35.洗发剂或头发护理剂,所述洗发剂或头发护理剂包含权利要求2所述的脂肪酰胺衍生物。
36.个人清洁剂或洗手皂,所述清洁剂或洗手皂包含权利要求1所述的脂肪酰胺。
37.个人清洁剂或洗手皂,所述清洁剂或洗手皂包含权利要求2所述的脂肪酰胺衍生物。
38.用于油田应用的腐蚀抑制剂,所述腐蚀抑制剂包含权利要求1所述的脂肪酰胺。
39.用于油田应用的腐蚀抑制剂,所述腐蚀抑制剂包含权利要求2所述的脂肪酰胺衍生物。
40.用于油田应用的石蜡分散剂,所述石蜡分散剂包含权利要求1所述的脂肪酰胺。
41.用于油田应用的石蜡分散剂,所述石蜡分散剂包含权利要求2所述的脂肪酰胺衍生物。
42.漆料或涂料添加剂组合物,所述组合物包含权利要求1所述的脂肪酰胺。
43.漆料或涂料添加剂组合物,所述组合物包含权利要求2所述的脂肪酰胺衍生物。
Applications Claiming Priority (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US40654710P | 2010-10-25 | 2010-10-25 | |
US40657010P | 2010-10-25 | 2010-10-25 | |
US40655610P | 2010-10-25 | 2010-10-25 | |
US61/406,556 | 2010-10-25 | ||
US61/406,547 | 2010-10-25 | ||
US61/406,570 | 2010-10-25 | ||
PCT/US2011/057597 WO2012061094A1 (en) | 2010-10-25 | 2011-10-25 | Fatty amides and derivatives from natural oil metathesis |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN103228136A true CN103228136A (zh) | 2013-07-31 |
CN103228136B CN103228136B (zh) | 2016-11-16 |
Family
ID=51354736
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201180057062.0A Active CN103228136B (zh) | 2010-10-25 | 2011-10-25 | 来自天然油复分解的脂肪酰胺及衍生物 |
Country Status (16)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (3) | US9175245B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2632256B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN103228136B (zh) |
AP (1) | AP3585A (zh) |
AR (1) | AR083653A1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2011323840B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112013009940B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2815686C (zh) |
CO (1) | CO6771405A2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK2632256T3 (zh) |
EA (1) | EA023401B1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2623543T3 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2013004615A (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ609337A (zh) |
SG (1) | SG189516A1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2012061094A1 (zh) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106866446A (zh) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-20 | 天津斯瑞吉高新科技研究院有限公司 | 生物基不饱和中等链长酰胺水溶性表面活性剂 |
CN109562036A (zh) * | 2016-08-18 | 2019-04-02 | 宝洁公司 | 包含复分解不饱和多元醇酯的毛发护理组合物 |
CN114874760A (zh) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-08-09 | 深圳市利特能源技术有限公司 | 一种抗磨减阻剂主剂及其制备方法、抗磨减阻剂及其制备方法和应用 |
Families Citing this family (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
MX341184B (es) | 2010-10-25 | 2016-08-09 | Stepan Co | Detergentes liquidos de trabajo ligero basados en composiciones derivadas de la metatesis de aceite natural. |
MX342985B (es) | 2010-10-25 | 2016-10-19 | Stepan Co | Limpiadores de superficie dura basados en composiciones derivadas de la metatesis de aceite natural. |
US9193936B2 (en) | 2010-10-25 | 2015-11-24 | Stepan Company | Quaternized fatty amines, amidoamines and their derivatives from natural oil metathesis |
PL2633020T3 (pl) | 2010-10-25 | 2019-10-31 | Stepan Co | Detergenty do prania na bazie kompozycji pochodzących z metatezy naturalnego oleju |
AR083654A1 (es) | 2010-10-25 | 2013-03-13 | Stepan Co | Formulaciones de glifosato basadas en composiciones de derivados de la metatesis de aceites naturales |
WO2013162924A1 (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2013-10-31 | Stepan Company | Synergistic surfactant blends |
SG11201406751RA (en) | 2012-04-24 | 2014-11-27 | Stepan Co | Aqueous hard surface cleaners based on terpenes and fatty acid derivatives |
US9777248B2 (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2017-10-03 | Stepan Company | Aqueous hard surface cleaners based on monounsaturated fatty amides |
EP2900628A4 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2016-07-13 | Elevance Renewable Sciences | POLYMERS WITH METATHESED PETROLEUM DERIVATIVES |
EP2970103B1 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2019-02-20 | Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. | Natural oil derivatives including (meth)acrylate functional groups |
US9102794B2 (en) | 2013-05-31 | 2015-08-11 | Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. | Polyesters containing metathesized natural oil derivatives and methods of making |
CN103304800B (zh) * | 2013-06-24 | 2014-06-04 | 江苏四新界面剂科技有限公司 | 生物质聚氧乙烯醚羧基化不对称双子界面剂的制备方法 |
CA3134095A1 (en) | 2013-07-12 | 2015-01-15 | Stepan Company | Oil-in-water emulsions comprising a saturated c8-ci4 alkyl n,n-dialkylamide |
US20150252310A1 (en) | 2014-03-07 | 2015-09-10 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Alkyl amides for enhanced food soil removal and asphalt dissolution |
EP3194358A4 (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2018-02-14 | Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. | Low-toxicity olefinic ester compositions and methods of using the same |
EP2997958B1 (de) * | 2014-09-22 | 2021-03-10 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Emulsion enthaltend flüssige esterquats und polymerverdicker |
AU2016237148A1 (en) | 2015-03-24 | 2017-11-23 | Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd. | Nucleic acid-containing lipid nanoparticles |
EP3278038A1 (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2018-02-07 | Carrier Corporation | Low-oil refrigerants and vapor compression systems |
TR201511715A1 (tr) * | 2015-09-18 | 2017-04-21 | Tuepras Tuerkiye Petrol Rafinerileri A S | Korozyon inhibitörü sentezleme yöntemi. |
WO2017100051A2 (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2017-06-15 | Stepan Comapny | Cold-water cleaning compositions and methods |
EP3178320A1 (de) | 2015-12-11 | 2017-06-14 | Bayer CropScience AG | Flüssige fungizid-haltige formulierungen |
KR102530380B1 (ko) | 2016-12-01 | 2023-05-09 | 크로다 인코포레이티드 | 개인 관리 조성물에서 사용하기 위한 성분 |
US20180194988A1 (en) * | 2017-01-11 | 2018-07-12 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Emulsifiers for Invert Emulsion Drilling Fluids |
EP3415007A1 (de) | 2017-06-12 | 2018-12-19 | Bayer AG | Ptz formulierungen mit niedrigem gehalt an desthio |
AR114466A1 (es) | 2018-04-04 | 2020-09-09 | Fmc Corp | Formulaciones de concentrados emulsionables de fungicidas de sdhi |
WO2020187871A1 (de) | 2019-03-19 | 2020-09-24 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Stabilisierte formulierungen von thioketonen |
CN111763153B (zh) * | 2019-04-02 | 2022-08-30 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠-双苷肽化合物及复合驱油剂 |
JP7238980B2 (ja) * | 2019-06-11 | 2023-03-14 | 日本電気株式会社 | 分析装置、分析システム、分析方法及びプログラム |
US11633948B2 (en) | 2020-01-22 | 2023-04-25 | Eastman Kodak Company | Method for making lithographic printing plates |
WO2022058522A1 (de) | 2020-09-20 | 2022-03-24 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Stabilisierung von thioketonen auf oberflächen |
CN115820226A (zh) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-03-21 | 延安大学 | 一种润湿反转剂及其制备方法和应用 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1878745A (zh) * | 2003-11-04 | 2006-12-13 | 西姆莱斯有限责任两合公司 | 烯烃羧酸n-烷基酰胺作为增香剂的用途 |
Family Cites Families (51)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2653970A (en) | 1950-01-12 | 1953-09-29 | Allied Chem & Dye Corp | Olefin sulfitation process |
US3169142A (en) | 1960-05-25 | 1965-02-09 | Stepan Chemical Co | Method for sulfonation and sulfation of organic compounds |
US3258474A (en) * | 1962-06-22 | 1966-06-28 | Nopco Chem Co | Amphoteric alpha-sulfo fatty amides and a method of producing them |
US3544613A (en) | 1965-08-09 | 1970-12-01 | Stepan Chemical Co | Alcohol sulfation |
US3642977A (en) | 1966-04-08 | 1972-02-15 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Hair shampoo compositions containing certain imidazolines and certain amide-substituted carboxylic acids |
BE759040A (fr) | 1970-03-17 | 1971-04-30 | Martineau Jean | Compositions detergentes a base d'acides gras |
US3696043A (en) | 1970-10-21 | 1972-10-03 | Dow Chemical Co | Cleaning composition for glass and reflective surfaces |
US4148821A (en) | 1974-10-16 | 1979-04-10 | Stepan Chemical Company | Process for sulfonation |
US4275013A (en) | 1974-12-23 | 1981-06-23 | Lever Brothers Company | Novel process for the preparation of salts of alkanesulfonic acids |
US4087457A (en) | 1976-11-22 | 1978-05-02 | Continental Oil Company | Air initiation for detergent range pendant or internal olefin sulfitation |
US4545941A (en) | 1983-06-20 | 1985-10-08 | A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company | Co-metathesis of triglycerides and ethylene |
US4668422A (en) | 1985-05-31 | 1987-05-26 | A. E. Staley Manufacturing Company | Liquid hand-soap or bubble bath composition |
US4956107A (en) | 1987-11-30 | 1990-09-11 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Amide dispersant additives derived from amino-amines |
US4948531A (en) * | 1988-11-22 | 1990-08-14 | Sterling Drug Incorporated | Liquid one-step hard surface cleaning/protector compositions |
FR2642423B1 (fr) * | 1989-01-31 | 1991-05-24 | Seppic Sa | Procede de preparation d'alkyldiethanolamides gras purifies, les produits obtenus et leurs utilisations |
DE69214618T2 (de) | 1991-12-31 | 1997-02-20 | Stepan Europ | Quaternär-Ammonium Tenside, Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung, Basen und ihre ableitenden Weichmacher |
US5388644A (en) | 1993-02-08 | 1995-02-14 | Buckman Laboratories International, Inc. | Application of N,N-dialkylamides to reduce precipitation of asphalt from crude oil |
DE4339643C1 (de) | 1993-11-20 | 1995-06-08 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zur Herstellung von festen Esterquats |
US5622911A (en) | 1994-02-14 | 1997-04-22 | Kao Corporation | Method for enhancing the efficacy of agricultural chemical with alkoxylated fatty acid amides |
US5482908A (en) | 1994-09-08 | 1996-01-09 | Arco Chemical Technology, L.P. | Highly active double metal cyanide catalysts |
EP0874802A1 (de) * | 1995-10-27 | 1998-11-04 | Basf Aktiengesellschaft | Fettsäurederivate und ihre verwendung als tenside in wasch- und reinigungsmitteln |
US5916863A (en) | 1996-05-03 | 1999-06-29 | Akzo Nobel Nv | High di(alkyl fatty ester) quaternary ammonium compound from triethanol amine |
US6107498A (en) | 1997-04-22 | 2000-08-22 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Process for making carboxylic amides |
US5939059A (en) | 1997-08-13 | 1999-08-17 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Hair conditioner and 2 in 1 conditioning shampoo |
US6531443B2 (en) * | 1998-03-11 | 2003-03-11 | Mona Industries, Inc. | Alkanolamides |
US6827795B1 (en) | 1999-05-26 | 2004-12-07 | Procter & Gamble Company | Detergent composition comprising polymeric suds enhancers which have improved mildness and skin feel |
SG102636A1 (en) | 2000-09-07 | 2004-03-26 | Mitsui Chemicals Inc | Polar group-containing olefin copolymer, process for preparing the same, thermoplatic resin composition containing the copolymer, and uses thereof |
US6306805B1 (en) | 2000-09-15 | 2001-10-23 | Stepan Company | Shampoo and body wash composition comprising ternary surfactant blends of cationic, anionic, and bridging surfactants and methods of preparing same |
US20060128601A1 (en) | 2002-01-09 | 2006-06-15 | Croda, Inc. | Imidazoline quats |
US7576227B2 (en) | 2002-04-29 | 2009-08-18 | Union Carbide Chemicals & Plastics Technology Corporation | Integrate chemical processes for industrial utilization of seed oils |
CN1802341A (zh) | 2003-01-13 | 2006-07-12 | 卡吉尔公司 | 制备工业化学品的方法 |
BRPI0418153A (pt) | 2003-12-26 | 2007-04-27 | Lion Akzo Kk | derivado de carboxamida, processos para produção dos mesmos e composição detergente |
US7304026B2 (en) | 2004-04-15 | 2007-12-04 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Fabric care composition comprising polymer encapsulated fabric or skin beneficiating ingredient |
US20050274399A1 (en) | 2004-06-15 | 2005-12-15 | Heise Karl A | Method of fomulating a cleaning composition in a concentrated form |
US20060180677A1 (en) * | 2005-02-02 | 2006-08-17 | Mcmanic Greg M | Agricultural compositions which enhance performance of pesticides applied through drift reducing nozzles |
US20070054835A1 (en) | 2005-08-31 | 2007-03-08 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Concentrated fabric softener active compositions |
CA2641991A1 (en) | 2006-02-09 | 2007-08-16 | Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. | Antimicrobial compositions, methods and systems |
EP2031966B1 (en) | 2006-05-26 | 2018-08-22 | Huntsman Petrochemical LLC | Low odor, low volatility solvent for agricultural chemicals |
US8067610B2 (en) | 2006-07-13 | 2011-11-29 | Yann Schrodi | Synthesis of terminal alkenes from internal alkenes and ethylene via olefin metathesis |
EP2076484B1 (en) | 2006-10-13 | 2020-01-08 | Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. | Synthesis of terminal alkenes from internal alkenes via olefin metathesis |
DK2121546T3 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2018-03-12 | Elevance Renewable Sciences | Process for preparing omega-dicarboxylic acid olefin derivative by metathesis |
WO2008048522A1 (en) | 2006-10-13 | 2008-04-24 | Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. | Methods of making monounsaturated functionalized alkene compounds by metathesis |
US20080183000A1 (en) | 2007-01-30 | 2008-07-31 | Thames Shelby F | Glycerol ester-free functionalized vegetable oil derivatives and their latex compositions |
MX2010001615A (es) | 2007-08-09 | 2010-04-22 | Elevance Renewable Sciences | Metodos termicos para tratar un material de alimentacion para la metatesis. |
EP2147599A1 (en) | 2008-07-23 | 2010-01-27 | Cognis IP Management GmbH | Agricultural compositions |
CA2760789C (en) | 2009-05-05 | 2016-07-19 | Stepan Company | Sulfonated internal olefin surfactant for enhanced oil recovery |
US9175231B2 (en) | 2009-10-12 | 2015-11-03 | Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. | Methods of refining natural oils and methods of producing fuel compositions |
BR112012008608B8 (pt) | 2009-10-12 | 2022-06-14 | Elevance Renewable Sciences | Método de refinação de óleo natural |
US8735640B2 (en) | 2009-10-12 | 2014-05-27 | Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. | Methods of refining and producing fuel and specialty chemicals from natural oil feedstocks |
US8900612B2 (en) | 2009-12-30 | 2014-12-02 | Akzo Nobel Chemicals International B.V. | Amides, use of amides as solvents for organic compounds, compositions and emulsions containing amides, and method for treating a plant |
US9249360B2 (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2016-02-02 | Elevance Renewable Sciences, Inc. | Compositions derived from metathesized natural oils and amines and methods of making |
-
2011
- 2011-10-25 AR ARP110103934A patent/AR083653A1/es active IP Right Grant
- 2011-10-25 MX MX2013004615A patent/MX2013004615A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2011-10-25 EP EP11838499.9A patent/EP2632256B1/en active Active
- 2011-10-25 ES ES11838499.9T patent/ES2623543T3/es active Active
- 2011-10-25 DK DK11838499.9T patent/DK2632256T3/en active
- 2011-10-25 EA EA201390442A patent/EA023401B1/ru unknown
- 2011-10-25 AU AU2011323840A patent/AU2011323840B2/en active Active
- 2011-10-25 CN CN201180057062.0A patent/CN103228136B/zh active Active
- 2011-10-25 WO PCT/US2011/057597 patent/WO2012061094A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-10-25 NZ NZ609337A patent/NZ609337A/en unknown
- 2011-10-25 SG SG2013031216A patent/SG189516A1/en unknown
- 2011-10-25 BR BR112013009940-2A patent/BR112013009940B1/pt active IP Right Grant
- 2011-10-25 CA CA2815686A patent/CA2815686C/en active Active
- 2011-10-25 US US13/878,556 patent/US9175245B2/en active Active
- 2011-10-25 AP AP2013006879A patent/AP3585A/xx active
-
2013
- 2013-05-22 CO CO13125485A patent/CO6771405A2/es unknown
-
2015
- 2015-09-08 US US14/847,041 patent/US9573884B2/en active Active
-
2017
- 2017-01-11 US US15/403,288 patent/US10322994B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1878745A (zh) * | 2003-11-04 | 2006-12-13 | 西姆莱斯有限责任两合公司 | 烯烃羧酸n-烷基酰胺作为增香剂的用途 |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
Title |
---|
E. SCHMITZ等: "CLEAVAGE OF SPIROOXAZIRIDINES BY THE ACTION OF FERROUS SULFATE", 《BULLETIN OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR》 * |
JOSÉ M. CONCELLÓN等: "Stereospecific Cyclopropanation of Highly Substituted C-C Double Bonds Promoted by CrCl2. Stereoselective", 《ORGANIC LETTERS》 * |
M. TITS等: "Ozonisation des amides éthyléniques", 《BULL. SOC. CHIM. BÉLG.》 * |
M. TITS等: "Ozonisation des amides éthyléniques", 《BULL. SOC. CHIM. BéLG.》, vol. 57, no. 13, 31 December 1948 (1948-12-31) * |
W. ROWLANTD TAYLOAR等: "Synthesis of Unsaturated Fatty Acids", 《J. AM. CHEM. SOC.》 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109562036A (zh) * | 2016-08-18 | 2019-04-02 | 宝洁公司 | 包含复分解不饱和多元醇酯的毛发护理组合物 |
CN106866446A (zh) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-20 | 天津斯瑞吉高新科技研究院有限公司 | 生物基不饱和中等链长酰胺水溶性表面活性剂 |
CN114874760A (zh) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-08-09 | 深圳市利特能源技术有限公司 | 一种抗磨减阻剂主剂及其制备方法、抗磨减阻剂及其制备方法和应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2632256A1 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
DK2632256T3 (en) | 2017-05-01 |
AP3585A (en) | 2016-02-09 |
ES2623543T3 (es) | 2017-07-11 |
US20170158617A1 (en) | 2017-06-08 |
AP2013006879A0 (en) | 2013-05-31 |
NZ609337A (en) | 2014-11-28 |
SG189516A1 (en) | 2013-05-31 |
EP2632256A4 (en) | 2013-09-18 |
BR112013009940A2 (pt) | 2016-07-05 |
MX2013004615A (es) | 2013-07-15 |
AR083653A1 (es) | 2013-03-13 |
EA023401B1 (ru) | 2016-05-31 |
WO2012061094A1 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
AU2011323840A1 (en) | 2013-05-02 |
EA201390442A1 (ru) | 2013-10-30 |
US20150376118A1 (en) | 2015-12-31 |
AU2011323840B2 (en) | 2015-09-24 |
BR112013009940A8 (pt) | 2018-01-16 |
CN103228136B (zh) | 2016-11-16 |
CA2815686A1 (en) | 2012-05-10 |
US20130225470A1 (en) | 2013-08-29 |
CA2815686C (en) | 2017-11-21 |
EP2632256B1 (en) | 2017-02-01 |
CO6771405A2 (es) | 2013-10-15 |
US10322994B2 (en) | 2019-06-18 |
US9573884B2 (en) | 2017-02-21 |
US9175245B2 (en) | 2015-11-03 |
BR112013009940B1 (pt) | 2020-07-07 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN103228136A (zh) | 来自天然油复分解的脂肪酰胺及衍生物 | |
CN103228615B (zh) | 源自天然油复分解的季铵化脂肪胺、酰胺基胺以及它们的衍生物 | |
CN103201254B (zh) | 来自天然油复分解的酯胺及衍生物 | |
CN103201359B (zh) | 来自天然油复分解的烷氧基化的脂肪酸酯及衍生物 | |
CN103201369B (zh) | 基于天然油复分解生成的组合物的衣物洗涤剂 | |
CN103228616B (zh) | 来自天然油复分解的脂肪胺、酰胺基胺及其衍生物 | |
CN103201371B (zh) | 基于天然油复分解而得到的组合物的硬表面清洁剂 | |
CN104395450B (zh) | 来自天然油歧化的不饱和脂肪醇衍生物 | |
EP2633018B1 (en) | Sulfonates from natural oil metathesis | |
BR112014026542B1 (pt) | alcoxilato de álcool graxo, composição surfactante líquida, mistura, etoxilato de álcool graxo, emulsificador aniônico para composições agrícolas, solvente agrícola, limpador aquoso de superfície rígida, composição aditiva de revestimento ou de pintura, formulação de detergente de lavagem de roupa, espumificador, aditivo de espuma ou dispersante para uso em aplicações de gesso, concreto ou de combate a incêndios e composição surfactante para uso em recuperação aprimorada de petróleo | |
BR112015022723B1 (pt) | composição de surfactante, herbicida solúvel em água, líquido de limpeza de superfície dura, mistura e processo |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant |