CN103224886B - Composite microbe agent for aquatic product culture and application thereof - Google Patents
Composite microbe agent for aquatic product culture and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture and application thereof. The inocula is compose of five floras as follows: Bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus licheniformis, Streptococcus faecium, Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomycetes, and the five floras are mixed by weight according to the ratio: 1-4 parts of Bacillus laterosporus, 2-5 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 0.8-2 parts of Streptococcus faecium, 2-4 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 0.2-1 parts of Saccharomycetes. The product has the advantages of good stability and high efficiency, extreme low oxygen consumption in the application process, rapid settlement to the water body bottom, rapid degradations of residual bait, night soil, biological residual body and other organic pollutants in water body, effective improvement of water body bottom environment, and substantially reduction of contents of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in culture water body. The invention has the advantages of nontoxicity and innocuousness for environment and human and animal without residual, and can substantially improve the sediment and purify the culture water body environment, and simultaneously can improve the immunity of aquatic animal and reduce incidence of disease.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture microbial technique Application Areas, be specifically related to a kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture, also relate to the application of a kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture.
Background technology
Eighties of last century eighties, intensive aquaculture pattern obtains flourish in China, this meets the demand of people to fishery products to a great extent, solves the problem of nature fishing resources relative shortage.But the pollution brought while culture fishery high speed development, very large pressure is caused to water body environment such as China's major part rivers, lake etc., this becomes the bottleneck that China's aquaculture industry is difficult to break through together, seriously governs the Sustainable development of China's culture fishery.Such as, the domestic pond high-density breeding mode generally adopted at present, also many problems and drawback is brought while raising aquaculture products output, the movement, the residual body of dead organisms etc. of bait as residual in feed, fish shrimp crab etc. deposit to pond bottom, the dissolved oxygen that these excessive organic substance decomposing consumption are a large amount of, cause bottom anoxic, discharge some objectionable impuritiess, as ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, sulfide etc. make substrate worsen simultaneously.In addition, use chemicals to water body disinfection frequently, toxicant is gradually in bottom accumulation, and substrate is gone from bad to worse, and self-purification function is progressively lost.The deterioration of bottom material of pond for breeding result in aquaculture water physicochemical environment, ecotope runs down, and also causes aquatic animal eruptive epidemic disease and Large Scale Death accident frequently to occur, brings heavy losses to raiser.
The situation of current rigorous people are recognized the research and development of bed mud purification techniques are more and more important, scientific research personnel, on the basis of foreign achievement in research, has developed the research of China's bed mud purification techniques to a certain extent.Microbial preparation improvement substrate is wherein adopted to be the biological control method meeting current Fisheries Development direction.Microbial preparation, also known as " beneficial microorganism ", utilizes beneficial microorganism to carry out microorganism regulation and control to cultivation water environment, and purification bed mud, improves water quality, be more and more subject to people's attention.Common beneficial microorganism mainly contains the bacterial strain compositions such as photosynthetic bacterium (PSB), nitrobacteria, milk-acid bacteria, genus bacillus, yeast.These beneficial microorganisms have multiple different physiological function, as effects such as fixed nitrogen, oxidation, decomposition, mud, toxic substance etc. at the bottom of the movement of fish shrimp crab in water body, residual bait, dead organisms corpse and pond are used as nutraceutical matrix, make it to generate the inorganic salts such as nitrate, phosphoric acid salt, vitriol, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, sulfide equal size in effective reduction water body, thus avoid water silt to deposit, substrate worsens.But substrate modifier used now has some limitations, be called that the patent of " activator of littoral sea subsoil and water quality " adopts rhombspar, Bei Fen, slaked lime or unslaked lime to make as application number is 02129886.6, but rhombspar and unslaked lime, slaked lime etc. all belong to Nonrenewable resources, must buy and could use; Application number is 03126702.5 patent discloses " a kind of modifying agent of cultivating pool substrate ecotope and using method thereof ", this substrate modifier selects chitosan, xanthohumic acid, Sodium salts humic acids and wilkinite four kinds of raw materials, the powder product made, splashed by product furnishing suspension during use and mainly to work in water body behind pond, the bottom that can not arrive pond well plays a role; Application number is 201010615829.4 patent discloses " substrate modifier ", the major ingredient of this substrate modifier is subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, sporotrichum thermophile, koning trichoderma, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, bacterium total content is 4 ~ 3,000,000,000/g, bacterial content is lower, can not improve substrate up hill and dale.
Therefore, need to find one at present and directly act on bed mud, low oxygen consumption, the complex microorganism substrate modifier that viable bacteria content is high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture, this microbial inoculum, by bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus licheniformis, streptococcus faecium, subtilis and yeast five floras, is mixed according to the weight ratio of 1 ~ 4:2 ~ 5:0.8 ~ 2:2 ~ 4:0.2 ~ 1.This product has satisfactory stability and high efficiency, in application, oxygen consumption is extremely low, can rapid subsidence to water bottom, the organic pollutant such as residual bait, ight soil, biological residual body in rapid degrading cultivation water, effective improvement water bottom environment, and reduce aquaculture water ammonia nitrogen, nitrite content, the immunizing power of aquatic animal can also be improved simultaneously, reduce sickness rate.
A further object of the invention there are provided the application of a kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture in water body purification, product of the present invention has satisfactory stability and high efficiency, in application, oxygen consumption is extremely low, can rapid subsidence to water bottom, the organic pollutant such as residual bait, ight soil, biological residual body in rapid degrading cultivation water, effective improvement water bottom environment, and reduce aquaculture water ammonia nitrogen, nitrite content, the immunizing power of aquatic animal can also be improved simultaneously, reduce sickness rate.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture, formulated by weight by following raw material:
A kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture, by following raw material by weight formulated (preferable range):
A kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture, by following raw material by weight formulated (optimum value):
A kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture, its preparation process is:
A, bacterial classification: bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus licheniformis, subtilis, yeast and streptococcus faecium.
Any commercial above-mentioned bacterial strains all can realize the present invention.
The production of b, powdery complex micro organism fungicide: by bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus licheniformis, streptococcus faecium, subtilis and yeast powdery microbial inoculum, be mixed to get powdery complex micro organism fungicide according to the weight ratio of 1 ~ 4:2 ~ 5:0.8 ~ 2:2 ~ 4:0.5 ~ 1.
A kind of granule type composite microbial agent particle used for aquiculture, its preparation process is:
Take the powdery complex micro organism fungicide of 40 ~ 50 weight parts, the tackiness agent of 50 ~ 60 weight parts, above-mentioned material is through mixing, the rotary pelletizer granulation that adds water, low temperature 40 DEG C oven dry, cooling and screening, and granular form complex micro organism fungicide, this particle living bacteria count amount is greater than 10,000,000,000/g.
Described tackiness agent is diatomite or attapulgite, and fineness is greater than 100 orders.
Described powdery complex micro organism fungicide, by bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus licheniformis, streptococcus faecium, subtilis and yeast five floras, is mixed according to the weight ratio of 1 ~ 4:2 ~ 5:0.8 ~ 2:2 ~ 4:0.2 ~ 1.
The diameter of described granule type composite microbial agent is 2.0 ~ 4.0mm.
The application of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture in water body purification and sediment improvement, its applying step is:
Drop into 160g microbial inoculum particle of the present invention with every mu of culture pond, after spreading this product at 9 in test pond morning, afternoon, water body became salubrious, and transparency raises, and water body dissolved oxygen also significantly increases, and nitrite, ammonia-nitrogen content significantly reduce at this product of use for 2 days afterwards.Contrast pond transparency, dissolved oxygen, nitrite and ammonia nitrogen are all without considerable change.Pond waters pH value, at normal value, uses and water body can be kept for 1 time to be in good state 10 days.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1. this complex micro organism fungicide, adopt rotary pelletizer technology, the particle smooth even made, moisture content low (moisture content is less than 5%) after cryodrying, the loss amount of bacterium is little.
2. the organophosphorus that the bacillus laterosporus in this complex micro organism fungicide composition can effectively be degraded in bed mud, has very strong restraining effect to unwanted bacterias such as the vibrios in aquaculture, intestinal bacteria and baculoviruss simultaneously, and has positive effect to water body purification.
3. in this complex micro organism fungicide, each inoculating proportion is reasonable, the effective viable bacteria content of the granule type composite microbial agent made is high, after using water body, local viable bacteria concentration is high, and between each bacterial classification, there is synergy, can be good at the effect playing microbial inoculum, extraordinary improving effect is played to bed mud and water quality.
4. this complex micro organism fungicide, can sink under water after using fast, directly acts on bed mud and decomposes organic improvement bottom environment, prevent bottom corrupt, suppress the breeding of bottom harmful bacteria, available protecting substrate.
5. the bacillus laterosporus in this complex micro organism fungicide, streptococcus faecium belong to low oxygen consumption, not oxygen consumption bacterial classification, general water bottom oxygen level is all lower, this granule type composite microbial agent is used not consume water body dissolved oxygen in such a case, and water body environment oxygen level can be made to increase, the existence for bottom hydrocoles provides good environment.
Embodiment
Below embodiment provided by the invention is elaborated, but these embodiments are only exemplary, do not form any restriction to scope of the present invention.It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the reasonable amendment as carried out details and the form of technical solution of the present invention or replacement, all falling within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: a kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture, formulated by weight by following raw material:
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | |
| Bacillus laterosporus | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 |
| Bacillus licheniformis | 2 | 3.5 | 4 | 5 | 5 |
| Streptococcus faecium | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1 | 1.5 | 2 |
| Subtilis | 2 | 3 | 3.5 | 4 | 4 |
| Yeast | 0.2 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 1 | 1 |
A kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture, its preparation process is:
A, bacterial classification: bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus licheniformis, subtilis, yeast and streptococcus faecium.
The production of b, powdery complex micro organism fungicide: by bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus licheniformis, streptococcus faecium, subtilis and yeast powdery microbial inoculum (bacterium powder fineness is greater than 100 orders), be mixed to get powdery complex micro organism fungicide according to said ratio.
Described bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus licheniformis and subtilis bacterium powder purchased from the green world, Hubei bio tech ltd, each bacterial content 30,000,000,000/g;
Described yeast bacterium powder purchased from Angel Yeast Co., Ltd, bacterial content 20,000,000,000/g;
Described streptococcus faecium bacterium powder purchased from Hua Zhong Agriculture University, bacterial content 5,000,000,000/g.
Embodiment 6: a kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture particle, its preparation process is:
Take the powdery complex micro organism fungicide of 40 ~ 50 weight parts, the tackiness agent of 50 ~ 60 weight parts, above-mentioned material is through mixing, the rotary pelletizer granulation that adds water, low temperature 40 DEG C oven dry, cooling and screening, and granular form complex micro organism fungicide, the living bacteria count amount of this particle is greater than 10,000,000,000/g.
Described tackiness agent is diatomite or attapulgite, and fineness is greater than 100 orders.
Described powdery complex micro organism fungicide is bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus licheniformis, streptococcus faecium, subtilis and yeast five floras, is mixed according to the weight ratio of 1 ~ 4:2 ~ 5:0.8 ~ 2:2 ~ 4:0.2 ~ 1.
The diameter of described granule type composite microbial agent is 2.0 ~ 4.0mm.
Embodiment 7: a kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture particle, its preparation process is:
1, by powdery bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus licheniformis, streptococcus faecium, subtilis and yeast microbial inoculum, mix (microbial inoculum that namely embodiment 1 is obtained) according to the weight ratio of 1:2:0.8:2:0.2.
2, the production technique of bacterial classification granule
By the powdery complex micro organism fungicide of 50 weight parts, the tackiness agent of 50 weight parts, mixing, add water rotary pelletizer granulation, low temperature 40 DEG C oven dry, cooling, screening (diameter is 2.0 ~ 4.0mm), obtain a kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture particle, this particle living bacteria count amount reaches 10,000,000,000/g.
Embodiment 8: a kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture particle, its preparation process is:
1, by powdery bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus licheniformis, streptococcus faecium, subtilis and yeast microbial inoculum, mix according to the weight ratio of 4:5:2:4:1.
2, the production technique of bacterial classification granule
By the powdery complex micro organism fungicide of 50 weight parts, the tackiness agent of 50 weight parts, mixing, add water rotary pelletizer granulation, dries, low temperature 40 DEG C cooling, screening (diameter is 230 ~ 4.0mm), packaging, metering, namely warehouse-in makes a kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture particle, and living bacteria count amount reaches 10,000,000,000/g.
Embodiment 9: a kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture particle, its preparation process is:
1, by powdery bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus licheniformis, streptococcus faecium, subtilis and yeast microbial inoculum, mix according to the weight ratio of 2:3.5:1.4:3:0.6.
2, the production technique of bacterial classification granule
By the powdery complex micro organism fungicide of 50 weight parts, the tackiness agent of 50 weight parts, mixing, add water rotary pelletizer granulation, dry, low temperature 40 DEG C cooling, screening (diameter is 2.0 ~ 4.0mm), namely make a kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture particle, this particle living bacteria count amount reaches 10,000,000,000/g.
Embodiment 10: a kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture particle, its preparation process is:
1, by powdery bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus licheniformis, streptococcus faecium, subtilis and yeast microbial inoculum, according to 2:4:1:3:0.5(optimum proportioning) weight ratio mixing.
2, the production technique of bacterial classification granule
By the powdery complex micro organism fungicide of 50 weight parts, the tackiness agent of 50 weight parts, mixing, add water rotary pelletizer granulation, low temperature 40 DEG C oven dry, cooling, screening (diameter is 2.0 ~ 4.0mm), namely make a kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture particle, this particle living bacteria count amount reaches 10,000,000,000/g.
Embodiment 11: the application of a kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture in substrate improvement and water body purification, the steps include:
1) in April, 2012, in Zhejiang Huzhou one plant, choose four culture ponds and carry out simultaneous test, the test pool and contrast equal two of the pool.Pond size is water surface area 8 mu, circular groove average depth 1m, main foster crab in pond, and freshwater shrimp supported by cover, and crab specification 50g/ is left and right only, cultivation density every mu 1000 crabs.Pond central region has more duckweed, and water colour is dense, transparency 20cm.In addition, find that crab base plate is dirtier, illustrate that substrate is bad, therefore use this product to carry out improvement bed mud and clear water.During test, wherein will drop into this product of 160g (product that embodiment 7 is made) respectively in two every mu, ponds, this product in contrast, is not dropped in two other pond.After spreading this product at 9 in test pond morning, afternoon, water body became salubrious, and transparency reaches 30cm, and water body dissolved oxygen also significantly increases, and nitrite, ammonia-nitrogen content significantly reduce at this product of use for 2 days afterwards.After using this product, crab base plate also becomes cleaner, and contrasts pond transparency, dissolved oxygen, and nitrite and ammonia nitrogen are all without considerable change, and crab base plate is still dirtier.Pond waters pH value belongs to normal value between 8.0 ~ 8.5.This product uses and water body can be kept for 1 time to be in good state 10 days.
Table 1 is tested the pool and is contrasted pool water-quality guideline (when the morning 9 detected result)
Can find out from this table result, the water-quality guideline on the test pool is obviously better than contrast pool water-quality guideline, and this product Be very effective is described.
2) in April, 2012, in Dangtu County, Anhui Province one plant, choose four culture ponds and carry out simultaneous test, the test pool and contrast equal two of the pool.Pond size is water surface area 9 mu, circular groove average depth 1m, main foster crab in pond, and freshwater shrimp supported by cover, and crab specification 50g/ is left and right only, cultivation density every mu 800 crabs.Pond water colour is strong green, and therefore transparency 25cm uses this improved product sediment of pond and clear water.During test, wherein two every mu, ponds are dropped into respectively the product that 160g(embodiment 8 is made) this product, this product in contrast, is not dropped in two other pond.After spreading this product at 9 in test pond morning, afternoon, water body became salubrious, and transparency reaches 40cm, and water body dissolved oxygen also significantly increases, and nitrite, ammonia-nitrogen content significantly reduce at this product of use for 2 days afterwards.Contrast pond transparency, dissolved oxygen, nitrite and ammonia nitrogen are all without considerable change.Pond waters pH value belongs to normal value between 8.1 ~ 8.6.This product uses and water body can be kept for 1 time to be in good state 10 days.
Table 2 is tested the pool and is contrasted pool water-quality guideline (when the morning 9 detected result)
3) in May, 2012, in Qichun County, Hubei Province one plant, choose four culture ponds and carry out simultaneous test, the test pool and contrast equal two of the pool.Pond size is water surface area 10 mu, depth of water 2.5m, and main foster carp in pond, cover supports grass carp, variegated carp, silver carp.Cultivation density every mu puts carp 1500 tail in a suitable place to breed, specification 200g/ tail, flower silver carp 400 tail, specification 150g/ tail, grass carp 10 tail, specification 500g/ tail.Pond water colour is strong green, transparency 28cm, and fish exist habitual floating head.During test, wherein two every mu, ponds are dropped into respectively the product that 160g(embodiment 9 is made) this product, this product in contrast, is not dropped in two other pond.After spreading this product at 9 in test pond morning, afternoon, water body became salubrious, and oil film removes, and transparency reaches 45cm, and water body dissolved oxygen also significantly increases, and nitrite, ammonia-nitrogen content significantly reduce at this product of use for 2 days afterwards, and fish no longer raise the nose above water to breathe.Contrast pond transparency, dissolved oxygen, nitrite and ammonia nitrogen are all without considerable change.Pond waters pH value belongs to normal value between 8.3 ~ 8.5.This product uses and water body can be kept for 1 time to be in good state 10 days.
Table 3 is tested the pool and is contrasted pool water-quality guideline (when the morning 9 detected result)
4) in May, 2012, in Honghu, Hubei Province one plant, choose four culture ponds and carry out simultaneous test, the test pool and contrast equal two of the pool.Pond size is water surface area 15 mu, depth of water 2.5m, and in pond, main foster grass carp, overlaps grow flower silver carp, silver carp and crucian.Cultivation density every mu puts grass carp 1000 tail in a suitable place to breed, specification 200g/ tail, silver carp 500 tail, specification 100g/ tail, variegated carp 150 tail, specification 100g/ tail, crucian 600 tail, specification 50g/ tail.Pond water colour is strong green, has oil film, transparency 26cm, and fish exist habitual floating head.During test, wherein two every mu, ponds are dropped into respectively the product that 160g(embodiment 10 is made) this product, this product in contrast, is not dropped in two other pond.After spreading this product at 9 in test pond morning, afternoon, water body became salubrious, and oil film removes, and transparency reaches 48cm, and water body dissolved oxygen also significantly increases, and nitrite, ammonia-nitrogen content significantly reduce at this product of use for 2 days afterwards, and fish no longer raise the nose above water to breathe.Contrast pond transparency, dissolved oxygen, nitrite and ammonia nitrogen are all without considerable change.Pond waters pH value belongs to normal value between 8.2 ~ 8.6.This product uses and water body can be kept for 1 time to be in good state 10 days.
Table 4 is tested the pool and is contrasted pool water-quality guideline (when the morning 9 detected result)
Claims (5)
1. a Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture, formulated by weight by following raw material:
The each bacterial content 30,000,000,000/g of described bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus licheniformis and subtilis bacterium powder;
Described yeast bacterial content 20,000,000,000/g;
Described streptococcus faecium bacterial content 5,000,000,000/g.
2. a kind of Composite microbe inocula for aquatic product culture according to claim 1, is using described complex micro organism fungicide as active constituents of medicine, makes the formulation of tablet, capsule, granule, sustained release preparation, controlled release preparation or nanometer formulation.
3. complex micro organism fungicide according to claim 1, the preparation method of its granule type microbial inoculum is as follows:
Take the powdery complex micro organism fungicide of 40 ~ 50 weight parts, the tackiness agent of 50 ~ 60 weight parts, above-mentioned material is through mixing, the rotary pelletizer granulation that adds water, low temperature 40 DEG C oven dry, cooling and sieve, granular form complex micro organism fungicide;
Described tackiness agent is diatomite or attapulgite, and fineness is greater than 100 orders;
Described powdery complex micro organism fungicide is bacillus laterosporus, Bacillus licheniformis, streptococcus faecium, subtilis and yeast five floras, is mixed according to the weight ratio of 2:4:1:3:0.5;
The diameter of described granule type composite microbial agent is 2.0 ~ 4.0 mm.
4. the application of complex micro organism fungicide according to claim 3 in sediment improvement.
5. the application of complex micro organism fungicide according to claim 3 in water body purification.
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| CN102559545A (en) * | 2011-12-15 | 2012-07-11 | 北京大北农科技集团股份有限公司 | Composite micro-ecological preparation for aquatic product and premix thereof |
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