CN103190549B - A kind of black cutworm feed and method for breeding thereof - Google Patents
A kind of black cutworm feed and method for breeding thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103190549B CN103190549B CN201310154832.4A CN201310154832A CN103190549B CN 103190549 B CN103190549 B CN 103190549B CN 201310154832 A CN201310154832 A CN 201310154832A CN 103190549 B CN103190549 B CN 103190549B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of black cutworm feed, its uniqueness of filling a prescription, comprise larvae feeds and adult nutrient solution, larvae feeds is applicable to the growth requirement of black cutworm larvae phase, and adult nutrient solution is applicable to the growth requirement of Agrotis Ypsilon phase; The invention also discloses the method for breeding of black cutworm, be specially is first 25 ~ 27 DEG C by black cutworm ovum in temperature, humidity is 55% ~ 70%, hatch under dark condition, then black cutworm larvae is put in the foster worm plate containing larvae feeds, support in the flat based tubes be transferred to 3 ~ 5 ages in days containing larvae feeds, then temperature be 28 ~ 30 DEG C, humidity is 55% ~ 70%, raise to pupating under dark condition; Raise under dark condition to pupa blackening again, then proceed in the culture dish being placed with absorbent cotton and be cultured to the adult stage, last at dependent insect cage top cover one deck gauze, and in temperature be 28 ~ 30 DEG C, humidity is 55% ~ 70%, lay eggs under dark condition, its method for breeding is simple, health, high efficiency, and the black cutworm good stability of acquisition, uniformity are strong.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to insect and raise field, relate to a kind of black cutworm feed, also relate to the method for breeding of black cutworm.
Background technology
Black cutworm belongs to Lepidoptera Noctuidae, another name grub, cutworm, black earth silkworm, unregistered land silkworm, cut, cutworm etc., be the kind the widest, harm is the most serious that distributes in cutworm, its feeding habits are mixed, and can take food the various crop such as cotton, melon, beans, Cereal, crudefiber crop, beet, tobacco.Black cutworm is mainly caused harm crop seedling, and to cut off young stem, take food internal lobe, young stem is main, and can stings food kind of a bud, harm fruit ear, takes food stem tuber etc.It is high that high instar larvae cuts seedling rate, and food ingestion is large.In recent years, the harm of black cutworm often causes crops to be short of seedling, disconnected ridge, has a strong impact on its output.Therefore, do the control of farmland black cutworm well, particularly important to guarantee crops full stand, Qi Miao, even seedling, strong sprout.
At present, the research in the biology of black cutworm, ecology, medicament and biological control etc., just like a raging fire the carrying out of each agricultural college and institutes, needs a large amount of standardized black cutworm examination worm in the process.The raising of black cutworm and the formula of man-made feeds, preparation, feeding environment, working specification is closely related, any one link irregular growth that all can cause black cutworm out of joint: in feeding process, general employing green vegetables leaf carries out single head raising, these needs are wrapped up in moistening absorbent cotton at petiole or blade clip to ensure the freshness of blade, and after black cutworm 3 age, its appetite increases, need every day to change blade, cleaning ight soil, workload is heavy, green vegetables leaf is used to carry out many cultures, black cutworm self there will be malnutrition, produce degradation phenomena, on the environment bar of raising, generally adopt the temperature of common insect and illumination (26 ± 1 DEG C, light/dark: 14h/10h), do not consider that black cutworm is the characteristic of subterranean pest-insect, the existence of photoenvironment seriously limits the normal growth growth of black cutworm, and severe patient can cause it dead.Lack of standardization, unscientific factor all causes larva survival rate low above, it is long that larva goes through the phase, and pupate, eclosion rate is low, Adult worms producting eggs amount is not high, find that there is the series of problems such as degradation phenomena after continuously rearing, seriously limit the related science flow of research of black cutworm.Therefore, be badly in need of the method for breeding of a kind of black cutworm, provide good stability and the high black cutworm of uniformity to research work.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a kind of black cutworm feed, and its formula rationally, is applicable to the growth needs in black cutworm each stage; Two of object of the present invention is the method for breeding providing black cutworm, and its method is simple, and cost is low, is easy to operation, is convenient to standardization.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
1. a black cutworm feed, comprise larvae feeds and adult nutrient solution, described larvae feeds is made up of following component: whole wheat embryo 25 ~ 30g/L, casein 33 ~ 35g/L, sucrose 30 ~ 42g/L, agar 20 ~ 28g/L, Webster salt-mixture 8 ~ 12g/L, sorbic acid 1.5 ~ 2g/L, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 1 ~ 2g/L, mass percent is the potassium hydroxide 18 ~ 22mL/L of 10%, and volume fraction is the ethanol 15 ~ 18mL/L of 95%, vitamin mixture 28 ~ 34mL/L;
Described adult nutrient solution is made up of following component: beer 250 ~ 300mL/L, honey 180 ~ 200mL/L, ascorbic acid 7 ~ 10g/L and cysteine hydrochloride 1 ~ 2g/L;
Described Webster salt-mixture is made up of following component by weight percentage: calcium carbonate 19% ~ 22%, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.01% ~ 0.039%, ferric phosphate 0.8% ~ 1.47%, manganese sulfate 0.01% ~ 0.03%, magnesium sulfate 6% ~ 9%, 12 hydrazine aluminum sulfate potassium 0.004% ~ 0.009%, potassium chloride 9% ~ 14%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 25% ~ 33%, KI 0.01% ~ 0.02%, sodium fluoride 0.015% ~ 0.021%, sodium chloride 8% ~ 11.5%, calcium phosphate 12% ~ 14.9%, surplus is water;
Described vitamin mixture is made up of following component: nicotine amine 0.8 ~ 1.2g/L, calcium pantothenate 0.8 ~ 1.4g/L, thiamine hydrochloride 0.2 ~ 0.3g/L, riboflavin 0.3 ~ 0.8g/L, benadon 0.2 ~ 0.3g/L, mannitol 1 ~ 3g/L, orotic acid 8 ~ 45g/L, inositol 18 ~ 22g/L, folic acid 02 ~ 0.3g/L, biotin 0.01 ~ 0.03g/L, Choline Chloride 40 ~ 60g/L, tocopherol 7 ~ 8g/L, ascorbic acid 260 ~ 270g/L.
Preferably, described larvae feeds is made up of following component: whole wheat embryo 30g/L, casein 35g/L, sucrose 35g/L, agar 25g/L, Webster salt-mixture 10g/L, sorbic acid 2g/L, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 2g/L, mass percent is the potassium hydroxide 22mL/L of 10%, volume fraction is the ethanol 18mL/L of 95%, vitamin mixture 33mL/L.
Preferably, described Webster salt-mixture is made up of following component by weight percentage: calcium carbonate 21%, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.039%, ferric phosphate 1.47%, manganese sulfate 0.02%, magnesium sulfate 9%, 12 hydrazine aluminum sulfate potassium 0.009%, potassium chloride 12%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 31%, KI 0.01%, sodium fluoride 0.021%, sodium chloride 10.5%, calcium phosphate 14.9%, surplus is water.
Preferably, described vitamin mixture is made up of following component: nicotine amine 1g/L, calcium pantothenate 1g/L, thiamine hydrochloride 0.25g/L, riboflavin 0.5g/L, benadon 0.25g/L, mannitol 2g/L, VB14 2g/L, inositol 20g/L, folic acid 0.25g/L, biotin 0.02g/L, Choline Chloride 50g/L, tocopherol 8g/L, ascorbic acid 270g/L.
Preferably, described adult nutrient solution is made up of following component: beer 300mL/L, honey 200mL/L, ascorbic acid 10g/L, cysteine hydrochloride 2g/L.
2. utilize the method for described black cutworm diet black cutworm, comprise the steps:
(1) hatching of ovum: black cutworm ovum is placed in temperature is 25 ~ 27 DEG C, humidity is 55% ~ 70%, hatches under dark condition, obtain black cutworm larvae;
(2) raising of larva: step (1) gained black cutworm larvae is put to containing in the foster worm plate of larvae feeds, support in the container be transferred to 3 ~ 5 ages in days containing larvae feeds, then be 28 ~ 30 DEG C in temperature, humidity is 55% ~ 70%, pupates under dark condition;
(3) raising of pupa: be 28 ~ 30 DEG C in temperature by the black cutworm pupated, humidity is 55% ~ 70%, raise under dark condition, proceeding to the color blackening of pupa is placed with in the culture dish of absorbent cotton, then culture dish is put into dependent insect cage and be cultured to the adult stage, described absorbent cotton is moistened with adult nutrient solution;
(4) Adult worms producting eggs: at dependent insect cage top cover gauze, the humidity keeping dependent insect cage and gauze is 40 ~ 50%, and being then placed in temperature is 25 ~ 28 DEG C, and humidity is in the incubator of 55% ~ 70%, and dark culturing at least 4 days is to Adult worms producting eggs.
Preferably, in step (2), the hole depth of described foster worm plate is 12mm, and aperture is 15mm.
Preferably, in step (2), described container is flat based tubes, and height is 85mm, and diameter is 25mm.
Preferably, in step (4), the bottom of described dependent insect cage is glass, and surrounding is the cuboid of gauze, and length × wide × height is 65cm × 55cm × 30cm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: the invention discloses a kind of black cutworm feed, its uniqueness of filling a prescription, larvae feeds Middle nutrition enriches the growth demand meeting the black cutworm larvae phase, adult nutrient solution composition is simple but can meet the nutritional need of Agrotis Ypsilon phase, avoids the waste of nutritional labeling simultaneously; The invention also discloses the method for breeding of little ground mouse, its method is simple, and survival rate, percentage of pupation and eclosion rate all reach more than 80%, and the method that the present invention uses is indoor continuously rearing, stop the appearance of degradation phenomena, for studying the confession examination worm group that little ground mouse provides more stable; In addition, method for breeding disclosed by the invention simplifies artificial feeding program, during larval growth without the need to intermittently supplement feed, without the need to clearing up ight soil, achieve simple, health, raise black cutworm efficiently, and the black cutworm obtained, for examination worm, has good uniformity and stability in body size, worm look, vitality intensity etc.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with preferred embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Black cutworm larvae feed, the concentration of each component is as follows:
Formula 1: whole wheat embryo: 29g/L; Not containing casein (casein) 35g/L of vitamin; Sucrose: 34g/L; Agar: 25g/L; Webster salt-mixture: 12g/L; Sorbic acid: 2g/L; Nipalgin (methyl p-hydroxybenzoate) 2g/L; Mass percent is the potassium hydroxide 22mL/L of 10%; Volume fraction is that the ethanol 18mL/L(of 95% is for dissolving sorbic acid and nipalgin); Vitamin mixture 33mL/L.
Formula 2: whole wheat embryo: 25g/L; Not containing casein (casein) 33g/L of vitamin; Sucrose: 42g/L; Agar: 20g/L; Webster salt-mixture: 8g/L; Sorbic acid: 1.5g/L; Nipalgin (methyl p-hydroxybenzoate) 1g/L; Mass percent is the potassium hydroxide 18mL/L of 10%; Volume fraction is that the ethanol 15mL/L(of 95% is for dissolving sorbic acid and nipalgin); Vitamin mixture 28mL/L.
Formula 3: whole wheat embryo: 30g/L; Not containing casein (casein) 34g/L of vitamin; Sucrose: 30g/L; Agar: 28g/L; Webster salt-mixture: 10g/L; Sorbic acid: 1.8g/L; Nipalgin (methyl p-hydroxybenzoate) 1.5g/L; Mass percent is the potassium hydroxide 20mL/L of 10%; Volume fraction is that the ethanol 17mL/L(of 95% is for dissolving sorbic acid and nipalgin); Vitamin mixture 34mL/L.
Wherein Webster salt-mixture is made up of following component by weight percentage: calcium carbonate 19% ~ 22%, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.01% ~ 0.039%, ferric phosphate 0.8% ~ 1.47%, manganese sulfate 0.01% ~ 0.03%, magnesium sulfate 6% ~ 9%, 12 hydrazine aluminum sulfate potassium 0.004% ~ 0.009%, potassium chloride 9% ~ 14%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 25% ~ 33%, KI 0.01% ~ 0.02%, sodium fluoride 0.015% ~ 0.021%, sodium chloride 8% ~ 11.5%, calcium phosphate 12% ~ 14.9%, surplus is water, preferred formula is, calcium carbonate 21%, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.039%, ferric phosphate 1.47%, manganese sulfate 0.02%, magnesium sulfate 9%, 12 hydrazine aluminum sulfate potassium 0.009%, potassium chloride 12%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 31%, KI 0.01%, sodium fluoride 0.021%, sodium chloride 10.5%, calcium phosphate 14.9%, each component is stirred with homogenizer after mixing.
Wherein vitamin mixture by comprising following component by weight percentage: nicotine amine 0.8 ~ 1.2g/L, calcium pantothenate 0.8 ~ 1.4g/L, thiamine hydrochloride 0.2 ~ 0.3g/L, riboflavin 0.3 ~ 0.8g/L, benadon 0.2 ~ 0.3g/L, mannitol 1 ~ 3g/L, orotic acid 8 ~ 45g/L, inositol 18 ~ 22g/L, folic acid 02 ~ 0.3g/L, biotin 0.01 ~ 0.03g/L, Choline Chloride 40 ~ 60g/L, tocopherol 7 ~ 8g/L, ascorbic acid 260 ~ 270g/L.Preparation method is: get each component by formula, is then dissolved in obtained vitamin mixture in distilled water.Preferred formula is nicotine amine 1g/L, calcium pantothenate 1g/L, thiamine hydrochloride 0.25g/L, riboflavin 0.5g/L, benadon 0.25g/L, mannitol 2g/L, VB14 2g/L, inositol 20g/L, folic acid 0.25g/L, biotin 0.02g/L, Choline Chloride 50g/L, tocopherol 8g/L, ascorbic acid 270g/L.
Embodiment 2
Agrotis Ypsilon nutrient solution comprises the component of following amount:
Formula 1: beer: 300mL/L; Honey: 200mL/L; Ascorbic acid: 10g/L; Cysteine hydrochloride: 2g/L, solvent is water.
Formula 2: beer: 250mL/L; Honey: 180mL/L; Ascorbic acid: 7g/L; Cysteine hydrochloride: 1g/L, solvent for Whom.
Preparation method is: will be added to the water in order by the above-mentioned four kinds of components of formula, at room temperature stir, normal temperature saves backup.
Embodiment 3
A method for breeding for black cutworm, comprises the steps:
(1) hatching of ovum: be put in by black cutworm ovum in plastics valve bag is 25-27 DEG C in temperature, and humidity is 55-70%, hatches, obtain black cutworm larvae in dark weather incubator;
(2) raising of larva: the black cutworm larvae writing brush of hatching is gently chosen and supports worm plate (hole depth 12mm to 24 holes being placed with larvae feeds, aperture 15mm) in, 2, every hole, raise and larva is transferred to (high 85mm in the flat based tubes being placed with black cutworm larvae feed to 4 ages, diameter 25mm), then moving into growth cabinet, is 28-30 DEG C in temperature, humidity is 55-70%, and dark condition is down to pupating;
(3) raising of pupa: after larva enters pupa time, temperature be 28 ~ 30 DEG C, humidity is 55% ~ 70%, raise under dark condition, between feeding period, every day observes, to the darkening of pupa, blackening, then pupa poured into be placed with in the culture dish of absorbent cotton, every ware 2-3 head gently, dependent insect cage (the cuboid of bottom glass surrounding gauze put into by culture dish, length × wide × height is 65cm × 55cm × 30cm) in, wherein absorbent cotton there is Agrotis Ypsilon nutrient solution, supplement the nutrients for the moth after sprouting wings;
(4) Adult worms producting eggs: at dependent insect cage top cover one deck gauze, for moth egg, and keep cage humidity that is interior and gauze to be 40-50%, then dependent insect cage being put in temperature is 25-28 DEG C, humidity is in the growth cabinet of 55-70%, cultivates at least 4 days to Adult worms producting eggs under dark condition.
Utilize the method for the present embodiment to raise black cutworm, raised for 6 generations, then measure the index such as incubation rate, larva survival rate, pupa weight, pupa time, percentage of pupation, eclosion rate of youngest brother tiger, measurement result is as shown in table 1.
The biology change of table 1, artificial feeding black cutworm
Result shows, and after the method for the present embodiment raises black cutworm, survival rate is 82.00%, percentage of pupation is 82.87%, eclosion rate 82.62%.Further, utilize method for breeding of the present invention to raise black cutworm and there is good stability, uniformity advantages of higher.
What finally illustrate is, above preferred embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although by above preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, but those skilled in the art are to be understood that, various change can be made to it in the form and details, and not depart from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (5)
1. raise the method for black cutworm, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) hatching of ovum: black cutworm ovum is placed in temperature is 25 ~ 27 DEG C, humidity is 55% ~ 70%, hatches under dark condition, obtain black cutworm larvae;
(2) raising of larva: step (1) gained black cutworm larvae is put to containing in the foster worm plate of larvae feeds, support in the container be transferred to 3 ~ 5 ages in days containing larvae feeds, then be 28 ~ 30 DEG C in temperature, humidity is 55% ~ 70%, pupates under dark condition; The hole depth of described foster worm plate is 12mm, and aperture is 15mm; Described container is flat based tubes, and height is 85mm, and diameter is 25mm;
The each concentration of component of described larvae feeds is as follows: whole wheat embryo 25 ~ 30g/L; casein 33 ~ 35g/L; sucrose 30 ~ 42g/L; agar 20 ~ 28g/L, Webster salt-mixture 8 ~ 12g/L, sorbic acid 1.5 ~ 2g/L; methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 1 ~ 2g/L; mass percent is the potassium hydroxide 18 ~ 22mL/L of 10%, and volume fraction is the ethanol 15 ~ 18mL/L of 95%, vitamin mixture 28 ~ 34mL/L;
Described Webster salt-mixture is made up of following component by weight percentage: calcium carbonate 19% ~ 22%, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.01% ~ 0.039%, ferric phosphate 0.8% ~ 1.47%, manganese sulfate 0.01% ~ 0.03%, magnesium sulfate 6% ~ 9%, 12 hydrazine aluminum sulfate potassium 0.004% ~ 0.009%, potassium chloride 9% ~ 14%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 25% ~ 33%, KI 0.01% ~ 0.02%, sodium fluoride 0.015% ~ 0.021%, sodium chloride 8% ~ 11.5%, calcium phosphate 12% ~ 14.9%, surplus is water;
The each concentration of component of described vitamin mixture is as follows: niacinamide 0.8 ~ 1.2g/L, calcium pantothenate 0.8 ~ 1.4g/L, thiamine hydrochloride 0.2 ~ 0.3g/L, riboflavin 0.3 ~ 0.8g/L, benadon 0.2 ~ 0.3g/L, mannitol 1 ~ 3g/L, orotic acid 8 ~ 45g/L, inositol 18 ~ 22g/L, folic acid 0.2 ~ 0.3g/L, biotin 0.01 ~ 0.03g/L, Choline Chloride 40 ~ 60g/L, tocopherol 7 ~ 8g/L, ascorbic acid 260 ~ 270g/L;
(3) raising of pupa: be 28 ~ 30 DEG C in temperature by the black cutworm pupated, humidity is 55% ~ 70%, raise under dark condition, proceeding to the color blackening of pupa is placed with in the culture dish of absorbent cotton, then culture dish is put into dependent insect cage and be cultured to the adult stage, described absorbent cotton is moistened with adult nutrient solution; The bottom of described dependent insect cage is glass, and surrounding is the cuboid of gauze, and length × wide × height is 65cm × 55cm × 30cm;
Described adult nutrient solution is made up of following component: beer 250 ~ 300mL/L, honey 180 ~ 200mL/L, ascorbic acid 7 ~ 10g/L and cysteine hydrochloride 1 ~ 2g/L, and solvent is water;
(4) Adult worms producting eggs: at dependent insect cage top cover gauze, the humidity keeping dependent insect cage and gauze is 40 ~ 50%, and being then placed in temperature is 25 ~ 28 DEG C, and humidity is in the incubator of 55% ~ 70%, and dark culturing at least 4 days is to Adult worms producting eggs.
2. raise the method for black cutworm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: each concentration of component of described larvae feeds is as follows: whole wheat embryo 30g/L, casein 35g/L, sucrose 35g/L, agar 25g/L, Webster salt-mixture 10g/L, sorbic acid 2g/L, methyl p-hydroxybenzoate 2g/L, mass percent is the potassium hydroxide 22mL/L of 10%, volume fraction is the ethanol 18mL/L of 95%, vitamin mixture 33mL/L.
3. raise the method for black cutworm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Webster salt-mixture is made up of following component by weight percentage: calcium carbonate 21%, cupric sulfate pentahydrate 0.039%, ferric phosphate 1.47%, manganese sulfate 0.02%, magnesium sulfate 9%, 12 hydrazine aluminum sulfate potassium 0.009%, potassium chloride 12%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 31%, KI 0.01%, sodium fluoride 0.021%, sodium chloride 10.5%, calcium phosphate 14.9%, surplus is water.
4. raise the method for black cutworm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: each concentration of component of described vitamin mixture is as follows: niacinamide 1g/L, calcium pantothenate 1g/L, thiamine hydrochloride 0.25g/L, riboflavin 0.5g/L, benadon 0.25g/L, mannitol 2g/L, VB14 2g/L, inositol 20g/L, folic acid 0.25g/L, biotin 0.02g/L, Choline Chloride 50g/L, tocopherol 8g/L, ascorbic acid 270g/L.
5. according to any one of claim 1-4, raise the method for black cutworm, it is characterized in that, described adult nutrient solution is made up of following component: beer 300mL/L, honey 200mL/L, ascorbic acid 10g/L, cysteine hydrochloride 2g/L, and solvent is water.
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Citations (2)
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| CN101584411A (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2009-11-25 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Black cutworm larva artificial feed and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN102578425A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2012-07-18 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Artificial diet for Lepidopterous young larvae, preparation method for artificial diet and application of artificial diet |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101584411A (en) * | 2008-05-23 | 2009-11-25 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Black cutworm larva artificial feed and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN102578425A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2012-07-18 | 中国农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Artificial diet for Lepidopterous young larvae, preparation method for artificial diet and application of artificial diet |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 小地老虎产卵习性研究初报;何富刚;《昆虫知识》;19810131(第1期);第14-15页 * |
| 温度对小地老虎发育和繁殖的影响;向玉勇 等;《安徽农业大学学报》;20090715;第36卷(第3期);第365-368页 * |
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