CN103155799A

CN103155799A - Method for producing high-quality needle mushroom culture medium by using blue-green algae, corncobs and broad leaf tree sawdust to serve as main raw materials

Info

Publication number: CN103155799A
Application number: CN 201110430212
Authority: CN
Inventors: 詹文圆
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-12-16
Filing date: 2011-12-16
Publication date: 2013-06-19

Abstract

The invention relates to a technology for producing a high-quality needle mushroom culture medium by using blue-green algae, corncobs and broad leaf tree sawdust to serve as main raw materials and belongs to the technical field of agricultural production. The method can be applied to production of the needle mushroom culture medium. The method comprises the following steps of conducting mechanical dehydration on the blue-green algae until water content is 75%, mixing the blue-green algae with the corncobs which are smashed into 6mm-8mm and the broad leaf tree sawdust which is 4mm-5mm according to the proportion of 1:2:1, using special microbial population aerobic fermentation to conduct detoxification processing, adding 1% of gypsum, 0.5% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.5% of calcium superphosphate and 1% of corn flour, adjusting water content of compost to be about 60%, and producing the high-quality needle mushroom culture medium. Effects of increasing 20% of the production are achieved on the basis of reducing compost raw material cost by more than 30%. The method solves the problem that the blue-green algae, the corncobs and the broad leaf tree sawdust are low in using rate, environmental pollution is serious and the like at present, turns waste into wealth and is high in social and economic benefits.

Description

A kind of method take blue-green algae, corncob and leaf wood wood chip as main material production high-quality culture medium for golden mushroom

Technical field

This patent is a kind of technology for production high-quality culture medium for golden mushroom in field of agricultural production technologies.Belong to the technical field of edible fungi production in agrotechnique.

Background technology

Asparagus formal name used at school hair handle money bacterium claims again the little fiery mushroom of hair handle, structure bacterium, plain mushroom, dried mushroom, plain wild rice, freezes bacterium, golden mushroom, intelligence mushroom etc., and English is: " Enoki Mushroom ", vegetable formal name are Flammulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing..Because its stem is elongated, like day lily, therefore claim Asparagus, belong to the white mushroom of Agaricales section genus flammulina, be a kind of bacterium algae lichenes.Asparagus has very high medicinal dietary function, Chinese formal name used at school: hair handle money bacterium.Latin formal name used at school: Flanmmulina velutiper (Fr.) Sing another name: the little fiery mushroom of hair handle, structure bacterium, plain mushroom, dried mushroom, plain wild rice, freeze bacterium, golden mushroom, intelligence mushroom circle: mycota order: Agaricales section: white mushroom section belongs to: the genus flammulina Asparagus widely distributes at natural world, and all there is distribution on the ground such as China, Japan, Russia, Europe, North America, Australia.North gets Heilungkiang, reach Yunnan in China in the south, from the east of Jiangsu, all be fit to the growth of Asparagus to Xinjiang.Asparagus does not contain chlorophyll, do not have photosynthesis, can not make carbohydrate, can grow in dark surrounds fully, must absorb ready-made organic substance from medium, the degradation product as carbohydrate, protein and fat is the metatrophy type, be a kind of heterotrophic organism, belong to basidiomycetes.Asparagus is a kind of timber saprophytic bacteria, easily is grown on the withered trunk and stub of the broad-leaved trees such as willow, elm, white poplar.Asparagus is the edible mushroom of autumn and winter and early spring cultivation, with its cap sliding tender, handle is crisp, nutritious, delicious agreeable to the taste and be world-famous for.According to surveying and determination, the amino acid whose content of Asparagus is very abundant, and is high especially higher than the content of general mushroom class, especially lysine, and lysine has the function that promotes children ' s intelligence development.Contain protein 8.87% in the Asparagus dry product, carbohydrate 60.2%, raw fiber reaches 7.4%, often eats and can prevent and treat canker.

Blue-green algae is prokaryotes, cries again the blue-green alge cyanobacteria; The colloid clothing is arranged outside the cell wall of most of blue-green algaes, therefore be again Myxophyceae.In all algae bios, blue-green algae is simple, the most original a kind of.Blue-green algae is unicellular organism, there is no cell nucleus, but nuclear matter is contained in cell central authorities, usually is graininess or netted, and chromatin and pigment are evenly distributed in cytoplasm.This nuclear matter does not have nuclear membrane and kernel, but has the function of core, therefore be called protokaryon (or nucleoid).Also have a kind of cyclic DNA---plasmid in blue-green algae, taken on the effect of carrier in gene engineering.The same with bacterium, blue-green algae belongs to " prokaryotes ".The blue-green algae nutritive value is abundant, ether acid blue algae is example, obtain it through check and contain protein (40%), mainly by isoleucine (isoleucine), leucine (leucine), lysine (lysine), methionine (methionine), phenyl alanine (phenylalanine), threonine (threonine), tryptophan (tryptophane), the compositions such as valine (valine).In addition, also fatty (content is at 4%-4.5%), carbohydrate (16%-17%), chlorophyll, carotenoid, phycocyanobilin, vitamin (vitamin) A, B1.B2.B6.B12.E, nicotinic acid (nicotinic acid), creatine (creatine), gamma-Linolenic acid (γ-linolenic acid), calcium pantothenate, folic acid (folic acid) and calcium, iron, zinc, magnesium etc.

Simultaneously because the microcystis kutz in blue-green algae contains Microcystin (MC.), the class ring-type seven peptide hepatotoxin that Anabaena, Oscillatoria and Nostoc produce, can be by the activity of Profilin phosphatase, the acute poisoning that causes domestic animal and the mankind, the blue-green algae of therefore using in the composts or fertilisers of cultivating production process at first must be through detoxification treatment.

Corncob is to make through strict screening with the broken processing of corn ear again, has the advantages such as even tissue, hardness are suitable, good toughness, water imbibition is strong, anti-wear performance is good, in use is difficult for fragmentation.After testing, dried corncob moisture content 8.7%, organic matter 91.3%, wherein crude protein 2.0%, crude fat 0.7%, raw fiber 28.2%, soluble-carbohydrate 58.4%, coarse ash 2.0%, calcium 0.1%, phosphorus 0.08%.

These bits refer to the product of leaf wood limb after pulverization process generally is powdery or granular, and its main component is fiber 31.5%, hemicellulose 17.6%, lignin 18.67.

Aspect nutrient component, all there is the too low defective of nitrogen element due to wood chip and corncob, therefore need to be used in conjunction with the high-nitrogen stock blue-green algae.

Summary of the invention

the present technique main contents are to dewater pretreated blue-green algae, dried corncob, the broad-leaved wood chip is primary raw material, after mixing take certain proportion, interpolation pseudomonas aeruginosa genus and Sphingomonas are processed as main specified microorganisms population carries out aerobic fermentation, and after completing, fermentation eats required nutrition according to acupuncture needle, add multiple constant and micronutrient element, production can use with the Asparagus production field in high-quality edible mushroom culture medium, substitute traditional culture medium of edible fungus raw materials for production and (be mainly cotton seed hulls, cake fertilizer etc.), reducing on the basis of culture medium raw material cost more than 30%, reach the effect of volume increase 20～30%.Turn waste into wealth thereby reach, increase social and economic benefits, the purpose of environmental contamination reduction.

For example: with after blue-green algae process dehydration processing (after dehydration, moisture is 75%), mixing after fermentation with corncob and leaf wood wood chip with the ratio of 1: 2: 1 processes, ferment approximately after 15-20 days, adjust its C/N ratio and reach the optimum C/N ratio of Growth of Flammulina Velutipes 28: 1, and add the salts substances such as gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, be used for Asparagus production, its cost of material reduces by 30%, and output increases by 20%.

Embodiment

The concrete implementation and operation step of present technique is as follows:

Pretreatment of raw material:

By belt extrusion dehydration mode, blue-green algae moisture is reduced to 75%.

Blue-green algae after dehydration processing and water content are that the corn cob granule of 10% left and right (is pulverized corncob, corn cob granule (sieve and be about 6 millimeters-8 millimeters) and leaf wood wood chip (particle size is about 4 millimeters-5 millimeters) mix, according to needle mushroom fruiting optimum C/N ratio (the pre-stage test result is 35: 1), determine that mixed proportion is 1: 2: 1, adding pseudomonas aeruginosa genus and Sphingomonas is that main specified microorganisms population carries out the aerobic fermentation processing.

Because of good alkalescence in the Growth of Flammulina Velutipes process, need to add lime in fermentation process, the pH value of raw material after fermentation is controlled to 8 left and right.

The configuration of needle mushroom compost

With raw material after pretreatment, and required according to the growth of Asparagus, add gypsum 1%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.5%, superphosphate 0.5%, corn flour 1%. is adjusted moisture to 60% left and right with composts or fertilisers of cultivating.

The preparation of composts or fertilisers of cultivating, packing.

Will be through the mixed material after upper two step process, adopt machinery or manual type to pack in 17 * 33 Polythene Bags, send out bacterium, management of producing mushroom according to conventional Asparagus planting patterns.

Claims

1. claimed with blue-green algae, corncob and the use in culture medium for golden mushroom as raw material of leaf wood wood chip three class agricultural byproducts.

Claimed with blue-green algae, corncob and leaf wood wood chip three class agricultural byproducts as raw material in making culture medium for golden mushroom separately preparation and mix using method.