CN103155784A - Cultural method for brown mushroom cultispecies - Google Patents
Cultural method for brown mushroom cultispecies Download PDFInfo
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- CN103155784A CN103155784A CN2011104086972A CN201110408697A CN103155784A CN 103155784 A CN103155784 A CN 103155784A CN 2011104086972 A CN2011104086972 A CN 2011104086972A CN 201110408697 A CN201110408697 A CN 201110408697A CN 103155784 A CN103155784 A CN 103155784A
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Abstract
The invention provides a cultural method for brown mushroom cultispecies. The cultural method for the brown mushroom cultispecies is characterized by comprising one of a wheat grain culture medium II or a wheat grain culture medium III or a wheat grain culture medium. The wheat grain culture medium II comprises, by weight ratio, 98% of wheat grains, 1% of calcium carbonate and 1% of gypsum, the wheat grain culture medium III comprises, by weight ratio, 98% of wheat grains, 1.5% of calcium carbonate and 0.5% of gypsum, and the wheat grain culture medium comprises, by weight ratio, 98% of wheat grains, 5% of gypsum and 3% of turfy soil. Cultivation by using the brown mushroom cultispecies cultured by using the cultural method for the brown mushroom cultispecies is suitable for the growth of brown mushroom hyphae, and the hyphae are fast in growth speed, grow well, and are thick. Liquid strains grow much faster than solid stock seeds in the brown mushroom cultispecies. Comparing the total product cycle time of preparing three levels of strains by using a traditional solid state method with the total product cycle time of preparing three levels of strains by using the novel liquid-wheat grain strains, the time used by the latter is 38 days shorter than that used by the former, and great economic benefit and social benefit can be achieved if the cultural method for the brown mushroom cultispecies can be widely used.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of brown mushroom, say more specifically a kind of cultural method of brown mushroom cultivating seed.
Background technology
Brown mushroom (
Agaricus brunnescensPeck), be the rare veriety in mushroom, belong to Basidiomycetes (Basidiomycotina), Agaricales (Agaritales), Agaricus edibilis (Agaricaceae), Agaricus (
Garicus).Brown mushroom is commonly called as brown mushroom, is the Bo Ximei subspecies.This bacterial strain output is high, good mushroom quality is good, mouthfeel is fresh and tender, and its mushroom lid is the nature sepia, stem white, the fine and close consolidation of meat.All white mushroom kinds are the white mutation of brown mushroom now, that is to say that brown mushroom is the wild ancestors of white mushroom.Brown mushroom, another name white mushroom, Mushroom belong to Basidiomycetes, Agaricales, Agaricus edibilis, Agaricus.Brown mushroom is nutritious, delicious flavour, and fresh mushroom contains protein 3%-4% according to reports, fat 0.2%-0.3%, and carbohydrate 2.4%-3.8%, but digestibility reaches 70%-90%, enjoys the title of " Vegetable meat ".The amino matter acid of mushroom forms more comprehensive, especially is rich in the lysine of needed by human etc.Brown mushroom also contains the mineral elements such as abundant iron, potassium, calcium.Also contain multivitamin and the enzymes such as thiamine, vitamin b3, nicotinic acid, ascorbic acid.Owing to containing higher unsaturated fatty acid, therefore many edible mushrooms have obvious effect to reducing blood fat, to curing metastatic hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, hepatomegaly, early-phase hepatocirrhosis etc., significant curative effect is arranged all with the canned mushroom processing medicine that liquid makes of precooking.Along with people pursue natural, return the arrival that uncut jade is returned straight trend, brown mushroom is subject to pursuing of consumers in general on market, be a good commercial variety.
At present, brown mushroom is cultivated the main solid culture method that adopts, and fabrication cycle is long, adds its Production Time on the occasion of high temperature season, causes production cost to rise.And liquid culture is to adopt fluid matrix matter to ferment to carry out the production of fermented and cultured bacterial classification, its principle is: in fermentation tank or triangular flask, adopt liquid culture matrix, passing into filtrated air is stirred or is vibrated, increase the dissolved oxygen content in culture matrix, provide the mycelium respiratory metabolism needed oxygen, and control suitable external condition, make thalline grow in liquid depths breeding, obtain a large amount of mycelium or metabolite.
Summary of the invention
The present invention discloses a kind of cultural method of brown mushroom cultivating seed, it is characterized in that being undertaken by following step:
(1) strains tested: brown mushroom MC441 draws from Fujian Mushroom Fungal Research Station;
(2) for examination cultivated species formula:
B, wheat medium II (%): wheat 98, calcium carbonate 1, gypsum 1;
C, wheat medium III (%): wheat 98, calcium carbonate 1.5, gypsum 0.5;
D, wheat soil medium (%): wheat 92, gypsum 5, turfy soil 3;
(3) making of wheat original seed:
1) boil wheat: select the wheat of free from insect pests, pour into and boil 20～25 minutes in boiling water, during boiling drag for the floating foreign material such as Flaws-that wheat, and constantly stir, boil to wheat and during without the white heart, cease fire immediately wheat is pulled out, must guard against the wheat epidermis is boiled brokenly.Anhydrous mark dries in the air in the cement flooring to the surface;
2) batching: calcium carbonate, gypsum, turfy soil are added in proportion, and it is turned evenly, can bottle;
3) bottling sterilization: 121 ℃, sterilized 2～2.5 hours;
4) inoculation: the female kind according to sterile working of brown mushroom required to be connected in the wheat kind with 15% inoculum concentration, and mycelial growth situation and full bottle time are observed in 25 ℃ of cultivations.
The present invention finds by the cultivated species formula test, wheat soil medium (%): wheat 92, and gypsum 5, turfy soil 3 be the growth of suitable brown mushroom mycelium, fast growth, growing way is good, and mycelia is dense.Liquid spawn grows far away faster than the solid original seed on this cultivated species formula.Sum up total production cycle that conventional solid-state method and new liquid-kernel culture prepare three-class strain, the latter has shortened 38 days than the former the time used.
The brown mushroom MC441 bacterial strain main feature that the present invention selects is:
1. this bacterial strain mushroom cap surface is the nature sepia, mushroom handle, bacterial context white; Good mushroom quality, the fruit body rounding, the mushroom lid is thick, solid, not concave crown; Delicious flavour, mouthfeel is fresh and tender, long fresh-keeping period.Mycelial growth rate is fast.Output is high, under the same conditions, does sth. in advance 2-3 days fruitings than white mushroom kind, and mushroom tide is neat, output reach the 9-10 kilogram/square.2. the fruiting temperature range is wide, and especially the low temperature ability is stronger than conventional white mushroom, and under 5 ℃-8 ℃, yield increased 2796 is high by 70%.Culture technique is simple and easy, the cultivation raw material sources are wide.Its culture material formula is take the paddy and wheat grass as primary raw material, and composts or fertilisers of cultivating and fermentation reactor system method are identical with conventional mushroom.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described, the scheme of embodiment described here, do not limit the present invention, one of skill in the art can make improvements and change according to spirit of the present invention, described these improvement and variation all should be considered as within the scope of the invention, and scope of the present invention and essence are limited by claim.Wherein brown mushroom MC441 draws from Fujian Province's mushroom externally on sale.
Embodiment 1
(1) strains tested: brown mushroom MC441 draws from Fujian Mushroom Fungal Research Station, and is externally on sale.
(2) for examination cultivated species formula
A, wheat medium I (%): wheat 98, calcium carbonate 2;
B, wheat medium II (%): wheat 98, calcium carbonate 1, gypsum 1;
C, wheat medium III (%): wheat 98, calcium carbonate 1.5, gypsum 0.5;
D, wheat soil medium (%): wheat 92, gypsum 5, turfy soil 3.
(3) making of wheat original seed
1) boil wheat.Select the wheat of free from insect pests, pour into and boil 20～25 minutes in boiling water, during boiling drag for the floating foreign material such as Flaws-that wheat, and constantly stir, boil to wheat and during without the white heart, cease fire immediately wheat is pulled out, must guard against the wheat epidermis is boiled brokenly.Anhydrous mark dries in the air in the cement flooring to the surface.
2) batching.Calcium carbonate, gypsum, turfy soil are added in proportion, and it is turned evenly, can bottle.
3) bottling sterilization.121 ℃, sterilized 2～2.5 hours.
4) inoculation.The female kind according to sterile working of brown mushroom required to inoculate.
5) bacterial classification is cultivated.Postvaccinal cultivated species is placed in 25 ℃ of constant incubators to be cultivated.
(4) making of wheat bran liquid original seed
1) preparation seed liquor.Preparation seed liquor medium (g/L): potato 200, glucose 20, peptone 2, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2, magnesium sulfate 1, VB1 0.01, the pH nature.After sterilization, get 5 0.5 fresh slant strains of cm2 and be inoculated in seed culture medium, 25 ℃, the 150rpm shaking table was cultivated 7 days.
2) preparation wheat bran liquid original seed.The preparation fermentation medium, namely the wheat bran fermentation medium is (g/L): wheat bran 120, glucose 15, peptone 2, pH nature.The seed liquor for preparing is moved into inoculum concentration 8% be equipped with in the 250mL triangular flask of 100mL fermentation medium, 25 ℃, 150rpm cultivated 7 days, namely got brown mushroom liquid original seed.
(5) making of cultivated species
1) boil wheat.Select the wheat of free from insect pests, pour into and boil 20～25 minutes in boiling water, during boiling drag for the floating foreign material such as Flaws-that wheat, and constantly stir, boil to wheat and during without the white heart, cease fire immediately wheat is pulled out, must guard against the wheat epidermis is boiled brokenly.Anhydrous mark dries in the air in the cement flooring to the surface.
2) batching.Calcium carbonate, gypsum, turfy soil are added in proportion, and it is turned evenly, can bottle.
3) bottling sterilization.121 ℃, sterilized 2～2.5 hours.
4) inoculation.With brown mushroom original seed, namely the liquid original seed that makes of wheat original seed, bran mass, require inoculation respectively according to sterile working.
5) bacterial classification is cultivated.Postvaccinal cultivated species is placed in 25 ℃ of constant incubators to be cultivated.
(6) the cultivated species comparative test of liquid original seed and solid original seed
With prepared wheat bran liquid original seed, be connected in the wheat kind with 15% inoculum concentration, mycelial growth situation and full bottle time are observed in 25 ℃ of cultivations.Observe each bottle growing state every day, and the full bottle time of record.
Embodiment 2
(1) screening of brown mushroom cultivating seed growth formula
Brown mushroom kernel original seed is inoculated in 4 kinds of different cultivated species medium, and 25 ℃ of constant temperature culture are observed its growing state, and result is as shown in the table:
The brown mushroom of table 1 is growth traits in 4 kinds of cultivated species medium
| Formula | Wheat medium I | Wheat medium II | Wheat medium III | Wheat soil medium |
| Full bottle number of days (d) | 43 | 40 | 42 | 35 |
| Growth rate (mm/d) | 2.60 | 2.75 | 2.70 | 3.26 |
| Mycelia character | + | +++ | ++ | +++ |
| Tell yellow water | Easily tell yellow water | Do not tell yellow water | Generally | Do not tell yellow water |
Annotate: " +++" mycelial growth is good, and " ++ " mycelial growth is general, and "+" mycelial growth is relatively poor.
Shown in upper table, brown mushroom is well-grown in wheat medium II and wheat soil medium, fast growth, and mycelia is dense white, fine and closely woven, and growing state slightly is better than wheat medium II again in wheat soil medium; Brown mushroom growing way on wheat medium III is general; Growing way is relatively poor on wheat medium I, and growth rate is slow, and easily tells yellow water, and yield rate is low.
(2) cultivated species of liquid original seed and solid original seed growth comparative trial
Respectively wheat bran liquid original seed and wheat original seed are inoculated in wheat soil cultivated species, 25 ℃ of constant temperature culture are observed its growing state, and result is as shown in the table:
The cultivated species growth comparative trial of table 2 liquid original seed and solid original seed
| ? | Wheat bran liquid original seed | The solid original seed |
| Full bottle number of days (d) | 18 | 35 |
| Growth rate (mm/d) | 6.11 | 3.26 |
| Mycelia character | ++++ | +++ |
| Tell yellow water | Do not tell yellow water | Do not tell yellow water |
Annotate: " ++ ++ " mycelial growth is best, and " +++" mycelial growth is good.
As seen from the above table, the cultivated species take the wheat bran liquid spawn as original seed, its full bottle number of days be far faster than take the cultivated species of wheat kind as the solid original seed, time decreased near half, and mycelial growth is good, mycelia is dense white, dense.
(3) traditional three-class strain and liquid-kernel culture expands numerous period ratio
Total production cycle of adopting conventional solid-state method and new liquid-kernel culture to prepare three-class strain is summed up, both all adopt the turfy soil slant medium at female the kind, original seed adopts respectively kernel culture and wheat bran liquid original seed, the cultivated species medium is wheat soil medium, cultural method is identical, and result is as shown in the table.As seen, after adopting liquid spawn, production of hybrid seeds time shorten 38 days:
The traditional three-class strain of table 3 and liquid-kernel culture production cycle relatively
(4) conclusion:
Find wheat soil medium (%) by the cultivated species formula test: wheat 92, gypsum 5, turfy soil 3 be the growth of suitable brown mushroom mycelium, fast growth, growing way is good, and mycelia is dense.Liquid spawn grows far away faster than the solid original seed on this cultivated species formula.Sum up total production cycle that conventional solid-state method and new liquid-kernel culture prepare three-class strain, the latter has shortened 38 days than the former the time used.
Embodiment 3
(1) strains tested: brown mushroom MC441 draws from Fujian Mushroom Fungal Research Station.
(2) for examination cultivated species formula
B, wheat medium II (%): wheat 98, calcium carbonate 1, gypsum 1; Or
D, wheat soil medium (%): wheat 92, gypsum 5, turfy soil 3.
(3) making of wheat original seed
1) boil wheat.Select the wheat of free from insect pests, pour into and boil 25 minutes in boiling water, during boiling drag for the floating foreign material such as Flaws-that wheat, and constantly stir, boil to wheat and during without the white heart, cease fire immediately wheat is pulled out, must guard against the wheat epidermis is boiled brokenly.Anhydrous mark dries in the air in the cement flooring to the surface.
2) batching.Calcium carbonate, gypsum, turfy soil are added in proportion, and it is turned evenly, can bottle.
3) bottling sterilization.121 ℃, sterilized 2.5 hours.
4) inoculation.The female kind according to sterile working of brown mushroom required to inoculate.
5) bacterial classification is cultivated.Postvaccinal cultivated species is placed in 25 ℃ of constant incubators to be cultivated.
(4) making of wheat bran liquid original seed
1) preparation seed liquor.Preparation seed liquor medium (g/L): potato 200, glucose 20, peptone 2, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2, magnesium sulfate 1, VB1 0.01, the pH nature.After sterilization, get 5 0.5 fresh slant strains of cm2 and be inoculated in seed culture medium, 25 ℃, the 150rpm shaking table was cultivated 7 days.
2) preparation wheat bran liquid original seed.The preparation fermentation medium, namely the wheat bran fermentation medium is (g/L): wheat bran 120, glucose 15, peptone 2, pH nature.The seed liquor for preparing is moved into inoculum concentration 8% be equipped with in the 250mL triangular flask of 100mL fermentation medium, 25 ℃, 150rpm cultivated 7 days, namely got brown mushroom liquid original seed.
(5) making of cultivated species
1) boil wheat.Select the wheat of free from insect pests, pour into and boil 20～25 minutes in boiling water, during boiling drag for the floating foreign material such as Flaws-that wheat, and constantly stir, boil to wheat and during without the white heart, cease fire immediately wheat is pulled out, must guard against the wheat epidermis is boiled brokenly.Anhydrous mark dries in the air in the cement flooring to the surface.
2) batching.Calcium carbonate, gypsum, turfy soil are added in proportion, and it is turned evenly, can bottle.
3) bottling sterilization.121 ℃, sterilized 2～2.5 hours.
4) inoculation.With brown mushroom original seed, namely the liquid original seed that makes of wheat original seed, bran mass, require inoculation respectively according to sterile working.
5) bacterial classification is cultivated.To inoculate (cultivated species after 15% inoculum concentration is connected in the wheat kind) is placed in 25 ℃ of constant incubators and cultivates.
(6) the cultivated species comparative test of liquid original seed and solid original seed
With prepared wheat bran liquid original seed, be connected in the wheat kind with 15% inoculum concentration, mycelial growth situation and full bottle time are observed in 25 ℃ of cultivations.
Embodiment 4
(1) strains tested: brown mushroom MC441 draws from Fujian Mushroom Fungal Research Station;
(2) for examination cultivated species formula:
C, wheat medium III (%): wheat 98, calcium carbonate 1.5, gypsum 0.5 or
D, wheat soil medium (%): wheat 92, gypsum 5, turfy soil 3;
(3) making of wheat original seed:
1) boil wheat: select the wheat of free from insect pests, pour into and boil 20 minutes in boiling water, boil to wheat and during without the white heart, cease fire immediately wheat is pulled out, the anhydrous mark to the surface dries in the air;
2) batching: calcium carbonate, gypsum and/or turfy soil are added in proportion, and it is turned evenly, can bottle;
3) bottling sterilization: 121 ℃, sterilized 2 hours;
4) inoculation: the female kind according to sterile working of brown mushroom required to be connected in the wheat kind with 15% inoculum concentration, and mycelial growth situation and full bottle time are observed in 25 ℃ of cultivations.
Claims (1)
1. the cultural method of a brown mushroom cultivating seed is characterized in that being undertaken by following step:
(1) strains tested: brown mushroom MC441 draws from Fujian Mushroom Fungal Research Station;
(2) for examination cultivated species formula:
B, wheat medium II (%): wheat 98, calcium carbonate 1, gypsum 1;
C, wheat medium III (%): wheat 98, calcium carbonate 1.5, gypsum 0.5;
D, wheat soil medium (%): wheat 92, gypsum 5, turfy soil 3;
(3) making of wheat original seed:
1) boil wheat: select the wheat of free from insect pests, pour into and boil 20～25 minutes in boiling water, boil to wheat and during without the white heart, cease fire immediately wheat is pulled out, the anhydrous mark to the surface dries in the air;
2) batching: calcium carbonate, gypsum and/or turfy soil are added in proportion, and it is turned evenly, can bottle;
3) bottling sterilization: 121 ℃, sterilized 2～2.5 hours;
4) inoculation: the female kind according to sterile working of brown mushroom required to be connected in the wheat kind with 15% inoculum concentration, and mycelial growth situation and full bottle time are observed in 25 ℃ of cultivations.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104272978A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-01-14 | 湖南省宇秀生物科技有限公司 | Pleurotus eryngii solid strain liquefaction process |
| CN107896818A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-13 | 常州莱尚纺织品有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of agaricus bisporus |
| CN108622974A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-10-09 | 天津工业大学 | A method of using brown mushroom give up bacteria residue handle textile printing and dyeing waste water from dyestuff |
| CN109206938A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2019-01-15 | 天津工业大学 | A kind of natural brown dyestuff |
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| CN102100153A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2011-06-22 | 天津市金三农农业科技开发有限公司 | High-efficient cultivation technology for agaricus bisporus and oyster mushroom |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104272978A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-01-14 | 湖南省宇秀生物科技有限公司 | Pleurotus eryngii solid strain liquefaction process |
| CN104272978B (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2016-07-06 | 湖南省宇秀生物科技有限公司 | A kind of Pleurotus eryngii solid spawn liquefaction process |
| CN109206938A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2019-01-15 | 天津工业大学 | A kind of natural brown dyestuff |
| CN109206938B (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2019-10-15 | 天津工业大学 | A kind of natural brown dyestuff |
| CN107896818A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-13 | 常州莱尚纺织品有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of agaricus bisporus |
| CN108622974A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-10-09 | 天津工业大学 | A method of using brown mushroom give up bacteria residue handle textile printing and dyeing waste water from dyestuff |
| CN108622974B (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2020-12-04 | 天津工业大学 | Method for treating textile printing and dyeing dye wastewater by using brown mushroom waste residues |
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Application publication date: 20130619 |