CN103141200B - Method for controlling early leaf fall of pear tree - Google Patents
Method for controlling early leaf fall of pear tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN103141200B CN103141200B CN201310079186.XA CN201310079186A CN103141200B CN 103141200 B CN103141200 B CN 103141200B CN 201310079186 A CN201310079186 A CN 201310079186A CN 103141200 B CN103141200 B CN 103141200B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for controlling the early leaf fall of a pear tree. The method comprises the step of spraying a leaf fertilizer consisting of chlormequat chloride, urea, plant ash or monopotassium phosphate and calcium disodium edetate dehydrate on leaves on the basis of the existing chemical control once on the third day, 15th day and 30th day after harvesting fruits. According to the method, in accordance with the basic theory of the phytophysiology and the plant nutrition, the chlormequat chloride and a nitrogen, potassium and calcium compound fertilizer are dressed on the leaves of the pear tree while the chemical control is carried out, and thus the leaf nutrition is increased, the leaf senescence and falling are delayed; and through three-year continuous tests, the control rate of the early leaf falling of the pear tree is increased to 65-80 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of preventing and treating pears early leaf fall, belong to pomology field.
Background technology
Based on pathology, physiological abnormalities such as plant (fruit tree) early leaf falls that the factors such as global warming cause, cause the attention of relevant scholar gradually.Pears early leaf fall refers under southern climates condition, the a large amount of obscission of the blade that early or mid October occurred in the past, the nutrient accumulation of body is set in light then impact, cause tree vigo(u)r weak, the part underproduction in next year and fruit quality decline, heavy then the colored phenomenon of turning green causing time of the year when autumn changes into winter then to occur in various degree, so next year without Hua Kekai, have no result and can tie, constitute a serious threat to lasting high yield is high-quality and efficient.Pears phenomenon of falling leaves in a large number in early days all has generation in various degree in each pears producing region of China, wider with each province (city, district) the Chinese pear producing region occurrence scope on the south the Yangtze river basin, harm is heavier.Method conventional in production of fruit trees is: before and after picking fruit, use insecticidal bactericide (chemical control) keypoint control pear scab, pears anthracnose, pears brown spot, Pear black spot, Psylla Chinesis Yang Et etc., to reduce the infringement of damage by disease and insect to blade; According to adding up for many years, single chemical control method is not good to the control efficiency of south early-maturing pear early leaf fall, and control rate only has 15-30%.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the above-mentioned deficiency for prior art, provide a kind of method of effective control pears early leaf fall, be conducive to south early-maturing pear high and stable yield, improve orchard economic benefit.
The prevention and controls of pears early leaf fall: the foliage fertilizer that foliage-spray is made up of chlormequat, urea, ash or potassium dihydrogen phosphate and calcio-disodium edetate on the basis of existing chemical control, foliage fertilizer time of application and number of times be after fruit harvesting the 3rd day, gather after the 15th day, gather after within the 30th day, respectively spray once, totally 3 times.
Wherein, described foliage fertilizer formulation is: chlormequat 0.1wt%+ urea 0.5wt%-2wt%+ ash 5wt%-wt7% or potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2wt%-0.5wt%+ calcio-disodium edetate 0.1wt%-0.2wt%; Foliage fertilizer is adhered to with the principle of joining.
Described foliage fertilizer and insecticidal bactericide are used jointly, can not be used in combination with alkaline insecticidal bactericide.
Foliar Spraying should select calm sunny day, sooner or later carries out, best at dusk; Spray foliage fertilizer, notice that the positive and negative of blade all will be sprayed onto, to expand absorbing surface.The prevention and controls of pears early leaf fall, is characterized in that:
Beneficial effect
The method of control pears early leaf fall provided by the present invention, has the following advantages:
1, raw material purchase of the present invention is convenient, using method is simple.Preparation foliage fertilizer needed raw material chlormequat (CCC), urea, ash or potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcio-disodium edetate (EDTA-Ca) are all and easily buy conventional agricultural material product, and general agricultural materials market just can buy, and the purchasing of raw materials conveniently; And can be used in combination with conventional pesticidal bactericide when using, decrease labor, using method is simple.
2, the control rate of the present invention to pears early leaf fall is high.
According to adding up for many years, conventional chemical control method (integrated pest prevention and control) control rate to south early-maturing pear early leaf fall only has 15-30%.The present invention is according to the basic theories of plant physiology and Plant Nutrition, the basis of chemical control imposes chlormequat and nitrogen, potassium, calcium Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, increase leaf nutrition, Delaying Leaf-Senescence is fallen leaves, through test in continuous 3 years, early leaf fall control rate is increased to 68-81%, improves more than 50 percentage points.Chlormequat mixes use with the extermination of disease and insect pest medication of Chemical Mixed Fertilizer energy and normal field management on the one hand, uses conveniently; On the other hand foliage fertilizer amount of application is few, and effect is obvious rapidly, improves the availability of fertilizer, is a kind of not only economy, effect but also good measures of fertilizer.Chlormequat is as external source plant growth regulator simultaneously, and usage amount is low, and cost is low.
3, generalization of the present invention and application are very strong.Raw material of the present invention is bought convenient, and using method is simple, for the early leaf fall problem solving the precocious theatre of south China comparatively serious provides easy a, effective method; In addition, all there is early leaf fall problem in the fruit tree such as apple, peach, grape.Therefore, the present invention has boundless application prospect.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1
1, place and object is tested
Chang Feng village in mountain area in Dongxing District, Neijiang City in Sichuan Province
Test garden area is about 3hm
2, age of tree life in 8 years; Examination material is supplied to be water-rich areas.
2, required agricultural chemicals and foliage fertilizer kind
Foliage fertilizer: chlormequat (CCC), urea, ash or potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcio-disodium edetate (EDTA-Ca)
Agricultural chemicals: 20% fenpropathrin, 2.0% Avermectin, 10% generation are high
3, implementation step
(1) concentration requirement: chlormequat (CCC) 0.1%; Urea 0.5%; Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%; Calcio-disodium edetate (EDTA-Ca) 0.2%.Can to arrange in pairs or groups the uses such as 20% fenpropathrin 2000 times, 2.0% Avermectin 4000 times, high 3000 times of 10% generation.
(2) as prepared 200 kilograms of liquids, first 150 kg of water are added making up a prescription in pond; Weigh chlormequat 200 grams, urea 1000g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 600 grams, calcio-disodium edetate (EDTA-Ca) 400g respectively, can be arranged in pairs or groups 20% fenpropathrin 100ml, 2.0% Avermectin 50ml, 10% generation height 67ml, dissolve by 5 kg of water respectively, fully stir; Add pond of making up a prescription successively to stir; Add 15 kg of water, mixing can spray.
(3) after fruit harvesting 3 days, gather latter 15 days, gathering respectively sprays 1 time in latter 30 days, sprays 3 times altogether;
(4) spray and should select calm sunny day, sooner or later carry out, best at dusk.Spray liquid, notice that the positive and negative of blade all will be sprayed onto, to expand absorbing surface.
4, effect
According to the 2009-2012 investigation and analysis of continuous 3 years, conventional chemical control method (integrated pest prevention and control) control rate to south early-maturing pear early leaf fall only has 25%.The present invention is according to the basic theories of plant physiology and Plant Nutrition, the basis of chemical control imposes chlormequat and nitrogen, potassium, calcium Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, increase leaf nutrition, Delaying Leaf-Senescence is fallen leaves, and through test in continuous 3 years, early leaf fall control rate was increased to 80%, improve 55 percentage points, tree body greenery keep dark green, to late November starts normal fallen leaves then, are beneficial to tree body nutrient accumulation; Greatly reduce the colored phenomenon of turning green of time of the year when autumn changes into winter appearance, provide basic guarantee for next year normally yields positive results.
Claims (4)
1. the prevention and controls of pears early leaf fall, it is characterized in that: the foliage fertilizer that foliage-spray is made up of chlormequat, urea, ash or potassium dihydrogen phosphate and calcio-disodium edetate on the basis of existing chemical control, foliage fertilizer time of application and number of times be after fruit harvesting the 3rd day, gather after the 15th day, gather after within the 30th day, respectively spray once, totally 3 times; Wherein, described foliage fertilizer formulation is: chlormequat 0.1%+urea 0.5%-2%+ash 5%-7% or potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.2%-0.5%+calcio-disodium edetate 0.1%-0.2%.
2. the prevention and controls of pears early leaf fall according to claim 1, is characterized in that described foliage fertilizer and insecticidal bactericide are used jointly, can not be used in combination with alkaline insecticidal bactericide.
3. the prevention and controls of pears early leaf fall according to claim 1, is characterized in that described Foliar Spraying selects calm sunny day, and early or carry out evening, the positive and negative of blade all will be sprayed onto.
4. the prevention and controls of pears early leaf fall according to claim 3, is characterized in that described Foliar Spraying is selected to carry out at dusk.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310079186.XA CN103141200B (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2013-03-12 | Method for controlling early leaf fall of pear tree |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310079186.XA CN103141200B (en) | 2013-03-12 | 2013-03-12 | Method for controlling early leaf fall of pear tree |
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| CN103141200A CN103141200A (en) | 2013-06-12 |
| CN103141200B true CN103141200B (en) | 2014-12-24 |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103704040B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-03-11 | 李玉娟 | Method for improving leaf color of prunus cerasifera and deferring leaf falling |
| CN105766917B (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-01-02 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of preparation for being used to delay mulberry leaf aging |
| CN112741093A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-05-04 | 山东省果树研究所 | Bactericidal composition for preventing and treating early defoliation of pear trees |
| CN113563135A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-10-29 | 青岛市农业科学研究院 | Fruit tree leaf fertilizer for delaying leaf senescence |
| CN115568321B (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2024-04-02 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for prolonging physiological function period of leaf of Su Cui No. 1 pear |
-
2013
- 2013-03-12 CN CN201310079186.XA patent/CN103141200B/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 果树采收后的管理措施;柴全喜等;《西北园艺》;20041231(第8期);第19-20页 * |
| 梨树丰产栽培技术;马秀良等;《现代园艺》;20121231(第3期);第25-26页 * |
| 梨树采果后的管理技术;叶成福等;《宜宾科技》;20051231(第4期);第21页 * |
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