CN103110028B - Amino acid preparation applied to aquatic product as well as preparation method and aquatic feed thereof - Google Patents
Amino acid preparation applied to aquatic product as well as preparation method and aquatic feed thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103110028B CN103110028B CN201310082506.7A CN201310082506A CN103110028B CN 103110028 B CN103110028 B CN 103110028B CN 201310082506 A CN201310082506 A CN 201310082506A CN 103110028 B CN103110028 B CN 103110028B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an amino acid preparation applied to aquatic products, as well as a preparation method and an aquatic feed thereof. The amino acid preparation is an amino acid microcapsule preparation which contains an amino acid raw material and an auxiliary capsule material and is prepared by using a microcapsule preparation preparing method. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: (1) preparing the amino acid raw material and the auxiliary capsule material; (2) melting the auxiliary capsule material; (3) carrying out high-speed emulsification on the molten auxiliary capsule material and shearing and stirring the auxiliary capsule material; (4) keeping the warm of the mixture and spraying the mixture so as to prepare microcapsule grains; and (5) cooling, sieving and collecting so as to prepare an amino acid microcapsule preparation product. The aquatic feed is an aquatic feed into which the amino acid microcapsule preparation is added. The amino acid preparation is good in slow-release capability, unique in controlled release, good in anti-water-solubility loss and good in free-running property, can effectively prompt the synchronous absorption of exogenous amino acid and protein amino acid in the feed, and has the characteristics of low formula cost, high culture benefit and small influence on culture water environments.
Description
The application be the applying date be February 20, application number in 2009 be 200910037278.5 denominations of invention be < < aquatic amino acid preparation and preparation method thereof with and the dividing an application of aquatic feeds > >.
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquatic animal feed additive agent field, particularly relate to a kind of aquatic amino acid preparation and preparation method thereof, and the aquatic feeds that adds this aquatic amino acid preparation.
Background technology
In prior art, aquatic animal feed is not also widely used synthesizing amino acid additive as livestock and poultry animal feedstuff.Yet many experts and scholars of this area advocate to use synthesizing amino acid in aquatic animal feed.Research has also proved that interpolation synthesizing amino acid has certain effect.In aquatic animal feed, add limiting amino acid, can improve amino acid whose balanced degree, thereby improve the digestive utilization ratio of aquatic animal to feed protein.In aminoacid, lysine has very important effect to maintaining normal growth, growth and the neural normal function of aquatic animal.In feedstuff, lack lysine and can cause negative nitrogen effect, protein in feedstuff can not be made full use of, cause aquatic animal poor growth, the serious symptoms such as fatty liver, the reduction of sclerotin calcification rate that also there will be.Methionine is the aminoacid of unique sulfur-bearing in essential amino acids, the metabolism of phospholipid in the synthetic and liver of the transfer of methyl and epinephrine, choline, inositol in participation aquatic animal body.Methionine can synthesize deamination acid, and deamination acid has protecting liver and detoxication function.Therefore, methionine can promote the growth of aquatic animal, prevents the generation of the diseases such as fatty liver, flower liver.
The aminoacid adding in aquatic feeds is at present mainly crystal amino acid and coating aminoacid.But according to the literature, add synthetic crystal amino acid result of use in aquatic feeds not obvious, be mainly because synthetic crystal amino acid easily in water the temperature in molten mistake, pelletization easily cause that the aminoacid of aminoacid inefficacy, digestion and absorption and material protein state is asynchronous etc.
In order to reduce molten mistake, delayed absorption time, to reach with feed protein Amino Acid Absorption and synchronize, there are some experts and scholars to carry out Cotton seeds to free amino acid, be about to synthesizing amino acid and make coated dosage form.After Cotton seeds, its utilization ratio has had and has significantly improved compared with crystal amino acid.Yet still there is following shortcoming in coated dosage form aminoacid: first, the amino acid whose utilization ratio of coated dosage form is made a discount.Cotton seeds can delay amino acid whose absorption, once coating material dissolves, synthesizing amino acid all strippings at once, and in blood, form very soon peak value, stimulate aquatic animal to start amino-acid oxidase and decompose substrate, make quite a few synthesizing amino acid oxidized, decompose, excrete.Therefore, still can not synchronize and absorb with albumen state aminoacid well.Secondly, the dissolution time of coating material is difficult controls.Because crystal amino acid is through after pulverizing, not of uniform size, out-of-shape and particle surface are rough, thereby cause coating material thin and thick irregular.If local coating is excessively thin, have " giving the game away " phenomenon, cause dissolution time too fast, can not play the effect of coating.The 3rd, the amino acid whose free-running property of coating is poor.Because the amino acid whose granular size of coating is uneven, in feedstuff, free-running property is poor, and mixing homogeneity is good not, thereby has influence on the amino acid whose absorption rate of coating.
In addition, for a long time, in aquaculture and feedstuff process for preparation, special consideration nutrient substance does not make full use of and the problems such as pollution to breeding environment.Yet along with the public is day by day strong and that water pollutes is day by day serious to the concern of environment, except improving culture benefit, researching and developing environment-friendly type Aquatic product feedstuff is also the inexorable trend of feed industry and aquaculture development.
Therefore, on market, urgently develop a kind of can addressing the above problem, can reduce molten mistake in water, delayed absorption time, reach with feed protein Amino Acid Absorption and synchronize, and can either improve amino acid whose bioavailability, again breeding water body be polluted amino acid additive and the aquatic feeds of little aquatic feeds.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to avoid weak point of the prior art and a kind of have in better slow-releasing, unique controlled capability, good water resistant molten mistake and free-running property be preferably provided, can effectively promote that exogenous aminoacid and albumen state in feedstuff are amino acid whose synchronizes absorption, and cost is low, culture benefit is high, to little aquatic amino acid preparation of breeding water body environmental effect and preparation method thereof, and the aquatic feeds that adds this aquatic amino acid preparation.
Object of the present invention realizes by following technical measures:
A kind of aquatic amino acid preparation is provided, and this amino acid preparation is to include amino acid starting material and capsule material adjuvant, and other non-capsule material auxiliary material, and the aminoacid microcapsule formulation of making through microcapsule formulation preparation method.
As aquatic amino acid preparation preferred implementation of the present invention, the weight content of the described amino acid starting material in above-mentioned aminoacid microcapsule formulation is 30～70%.
Preferred, the weight content of above-mentioned amino acid starting material can be chosen as 50%.
As another preferred implementation of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein, above-mentioned amino acid starting material is the salt-forming compound of lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan or related amino acid or a seed amino acid or more than one kilnitamin and the salt-forming compound thereof in other Aquatic product essential amino acids.
As another preferred implementation of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein, above-mentioned capsule material adjuvant is fat-soluble capsule material adjuvant.As the liposoluble substance of capsule material adjuvant, after making aminoacid microcapsule formulation, owing to becoming new dosage form, aminoacid is formed to protection, thereby well solved a difficult problem for the very easily molten mistake of synthetic crystal amino acid.
Preferred, above-mentioned fat-soluble capsule material adjuvant is a seed capsules material adjuvant in stearic acid, calcium stearate list glyceride, hard ester alcohol, saturated triglyceride, monoglyceride, paraffin, animal wax, vegetable wax, fatty powder, acrylic resin, butadiene styrene vinyl pyridine latex or more than one mictocystis material adjuvant.
The aquatic amino acid preparation that the present invention is above-mentioned can also include the interpolation adjuvant of non-capsule material adjuvant in aminoacid microcapsule formulation.To add various adjuvants according to product requirement.
Aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, by aminoacid microcapsule formulation, capsule material adjuvant and amino acid starting material being formed to the even plastid of phase embedding structure, thereby has guaranteed the slow-releasing that it is good.Because only, along with the dissolving gradually of capsule material adjuvant, aminoacid could progressively be released.Aminoacid microcapsule formulation, in aquatic animal body, forms after blood peak value, this peak value can also be kept to the regular hour.
In addition, added the aminoacid aquatic feeds of microcapsule form, not only can not make the effective ingredient in feedstuff such as aminoacid water-soluble and lost, and can be by controlling particle diameter and the density of microcapsule, it is suspended in water and exactly likes plankton, be conducive to the predations such as juvenile fish.After aminoacid microencapsulation in aquatic feeds, not only can reduce the interaction between feedstuff, and can reduce the loss in the course of processing, and can be controlled in the release of digestive tract different parts.Especially at scrod feed, adopt microcapsule technology, be prepared into microcapsule feedstuff, can greatly improve the utilization rate of feedstuff.
Object of the present invention also realizes by following technical measures:
A kind of preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation is provided, and the preparation method of this aquatic amino acid preparation is microcapsule formulation preparation method, includes following steps:
1. amino acid starting material (and containing this interpolation adjuvant in the time need to adding the interpolation adjuvant of non-capsule material adjuvant), capsule material adjuvant are got the raw materials ready by compound method;
2. described capsule material adjuvant is dropped into material device, heat, be stirred to described capsule material adjuvant and all melt;
3. the described capsule material adjuvant having melted is imported to proportioner from described material device, and described amino acid starting material of having got the raw materials ready is dropped into described proportioner high speed emulsifying shear agitation;
4. the mixed material of described proportioner high speed emulsifying shear agitation gained is imported in storage device and is incubated; And start conveying sprayer unit, the described mixed material spraying in described storage device is made to microcapsule granule;
5. described microcapsule granule is cooling through cooling system, and with concussion sieve, sieve to collect and make aminoacid microcapsule formulation finished product.
The preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention is to utilize one or several fat-soluble capsule material adjuvants, by steps such as fusing, spraying, cooling, dry, sub-sieves, aminoacid is carried out to microencapsulation processing.
As the preparation method preferred implementation of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein, the capsule material adjuvant of above-mentioned input material device is heated to 70～105 ℃ and be stirred to described capsule material adjuvant and all melt.
Another preferred implementation of preparation method as aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein, the above-mentioned capsule material adjuvant having melted is imported to described proportioner from described material device, and described amino acid starting material of having got the raw materials ready is dropped into described proportioner high speed emulsifying shear agitation 6～12 minutes.
As another preferred implementation of preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein, the described mixed material of above-mentioned proportioner high speed emulsifying shear agitation gained is imported in described storage device and is incubated within the scope of 70～100 ℃; And start described conveying sprayer unit, the described mixed material spraying in described storage device is made to described microcapsule granule.
As another preferred implementation of preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, the transporting velocity of wherein controlling said mixture material is 0.5～0.8m
3/ min, the atomizing disk rotating speed of above-mentioned conveying sprayer unit is 4000～6000r/min, ambient temperature is 30 ℃, and to control inlet temperature when above be 10～12 ℃, when ambient temperature is 20～29 ℃, controlling inlet temperature is 15～22 ℃, and ambient temperature is 19 ℃, and to control inlet temperature when following be 22～26 ℃.
As another preferred implementation of preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein: above-mentioned conveying sprayer unit is hig h-speed centrifugal spray drying equipment.
As another preferred implementation of preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein: above-mentioned microcapsule granule is cooling through described cooling system, and with 24～80 orders concussion sieves, sieve to collect and make described aminoacid microcapsule formulation finished product.
As another preferred implementation of preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein the step of above-mentioned microcapsule formulation preparation method adopts fully closed production procedure and fully closed material-transporting system.Because production process is fully closed production procedure and totally enclosed material-transporting system, reduced dust from flying and spillage of material, total yield of products is high, and product appearance is spherical in shape, and good fluidity is more conducive to mix, and relatively has very big improvement with plain particles.Thus, make to contribute to improve aquatic animal to the digestibility of feed nutrition material and utilization rate, thereby reduced feedstuff and amino acid whose waste, alleviated the pollution of breeding water body environment and reduced feed cost.
In addition, as the material device in the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, can be material tank, can be also other any material container, but preferably use material tank.As the proportioner in the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, can be material-compound tank, can be also other any proportion container, but preferably use material-compound tank.As the storage device in the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, can be storage tank, can be also other any proportion container, but preferably use storage tank.The preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention is carried out microencapsulation by aminoacid and one or several capsule material adjuvants, thereby can provide a kind of have better slow-releasing, unique controlled capability, good anti-molten mistake and good free-running property, can effectively promote that exogenous aminoacid and albumen state in feedstuff are amino acid whose synchronizes absorption, and formulation cost is low, culture benefit is high, the aquatic amino acid preparation little to breeding water body environmental effect.
Object of the present invention also realizes by following technical measures:
Provide a kind of aquatic feeds that adds aquatic amino acid preparation, wherein: the aquatic amino acid preparation of interpolation is to include amino acid starting material and capsule material adjuvant, and the aminoacid microcapsule formulation of making through microcapsule formulation preparation method.
Aquatic feeds preferred implementation as interpolation aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein described in above-mentioned aminoacid microcapsule formulation, the weight content of amino acid starting material is 30～70%, and described amino acid starting material is the salt-forming compound of lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan or related amino acid or a seed amino acid or more than one kilnitamin and the salt-forming compound thereof in other Aquatic product essential amino acids.
Preferred, described in above-mentioned aminoacid microcapsule formulation, the weight content of amino acid starting material can be chosen as 50%.
As another preferred implementation of aquatic feeds of interpolation aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein: the weight content of its component formula is
Preferred, the weight content of its component formula is
Compared with prior art, formulation cost is low, culture benefit is high, little to breeding water body environmental effect for the aquatic feeds of interpolation aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The invention will be further described to utilize accompanying drawing, but embodiment in accompanying drawing does not form any limitation of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the preparation method of a kind of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that in three groups of Carassius auratus blood plasma of experimental example one of the present invention, free Met level is schemed over time;
Fig. 3 is that in three groups of Carassius auratus blood plasma of experimental example one of the present invention, free Lys level is schemed over time;
Fig. 4 is that in three groups of Ctenopharyngodon idellus blood plasma of experimental example one of the present invention, free Met level is schemed over time;
Fig. 5 is that in three groups of Ctenopharyngodon idellus blood plasma of experimental example one of the present invention, free Lys level is schemed over time.
Being labeled as in Fig. 1:
1---capsule material adjuvant
2---amino acid starting material
3---material tank
4---material-compound tank
5---storage tank
6---sprayer unit
7---cooling system
8---concussion sieve
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with the following Examples:
A kind of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, includes amino acid starting material and one or several capsule material adjuvants, and some that can also contain other are added adjuvant.Wherein: aminoacid weight content is 30～70%, be preferably 40～60%, more preferably 50%.Through test of many times, find, aminoacid weight content is lower than 30% with higher than 70% aminoacid microcapsule formulation, and the dissolve-loss ratio in general cultivating condition does not all reach requirement; The aminoacid microcapsule formulation of the aminoacid microcapsule formulation of aminoacid weight content 40～60%, particularly aminoacid weight content 50%, can not only reach best slow controlled-release effect, and the interpolation cost in actual production is also lower.
In a kind of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, its amino acid starting material can be a kind of amino acid starting material or any two or more mixed amino acid starting material being selected from the essential amino acids such as lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan.Wherein, the mixed amino acid starting material of lysine raw material, methionine raw material, lysine and methionine preferably.
Above-mentioned capsule material adjuvant is liposoluble substance, as fat-soluble capsule material adjuvant, can be selected from one or several in stearic acid, calcium stearate list glyceride, hard ester alcohol, saturated triglyceride, monoglyceride, paraffin, animal wax, vegetable wax, fatty powder, acrylic resin, butadiene styrene vinyl pyridine latex etc.Wherein, preferred fat-soluble capsule material adjuvant is the mixture of stearic acid and stearic acid and fatty powder.
A kind of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, preferably microcapsule formulation size is the spheroidal particle of 200～700 μ m.It has better dissolubility, mobility and storage-stable.
A kind of aquatic feeds that adds aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, mineral in its formula, can be selected from one or several in calcium hydrophosphate fodder, calcium lactate, potassium sulfate, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, aluminum sulfate, cobaltous chloride, potassium iodide, sodium chloride etc.
A kind of aquatic feeds that adds aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, the multivitamin in its formula, can be selected from one or more in vitamin A, vitamin B, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, nicotinic acid, folic acid etc.
Select stearic acid 225kg to drop into material tank, be heated to 80 ℃, constantly stir, treat that it all melts; By melting stearic acid, from material tank, pump into material-compound tank, the L-lysine hydrochloride 230kg accurately weighing is dropped into material-compound tank simultaneously, shear agitation 10 minutes, temperature will be controlled at 80 ℃ therebetween; The material of mix homogeneously is imported to storage tank, and heating-up temperature to 80～100 ℃; Start conveying sprayer unit, proportioned material in storage tank is passed through to spray granulation; Made finished particle is sieved to the collection of sieving with 24～80 order concussions.Finally obtain 448kg finished product lysine microcapsule formulation, particle diameter is at 200～700 μ m, and yield can reach 98.4%.
With essential amino acids raw materials such as methionine, threonine, tryptophans, replace above-mentioned lysine raw material, repeat above-mentioned steps, result is basic identical.
Select stearic acid and fatty powder 175kg(1: 1) drop into material tank, be heated to 80 ℃, constantly stir, treat that it all melts; By melting stearic acid and fatty powder, from material tank, pump into material-compound tank, L-lysine hydrochloride (purity 99%) 180kg accurately weighing is dropped into material-compound tank simultaneously, shear agitation 8 minutes, temperature will be controlled at 80 ℃ therebetween; The material of mix homogeneously is imported to storage tank, and heating-up temperature to 80～100 ℃; Start conveying sprayer unit, proportioned material in storage tank is granulated by spray chilling equipment; Made finished particle is sieved to the collection of sieving with 24～80 order concussions.Finally obtain 348kg finished product lysine microcapsule formulation, particle diameter is at 200～700 μ m, and yield can reach 99%.
With essential amino acids raw materials such as methionine, threonine, tryptophans, replace above-mentioned lysine raw material, repeat above-mentioned steps, result is basic identical.
Select stearic acid 100kg to drop into material tank, heated and stirred to stearic acid all melts, 50 kilograms, the paraffin that input has been broken into pieces again, capsule material adjuvant after fusing is evenly pumped into material-compound tank from material tank, start material-compound tank shear pump, feed grade DL-methionine raw material 100kg is slowly added to material-compound tank, shear agitation 8～10 minutes, makes methionine raw material and stearic acid, the fusing of paraffin compound evenly simultaneously; Then the material of mix homogeneously is imported to storage tank, and heating-up temperature to 80～90 ℃; Start conveying sprayer unit, proportioned material in storage tank is granulated by spray chilling equipment; Made finished particle is sieved to the collection of sieving with 30～80 order concussions.Methionine weight content in the finished product methionine microcapsule formulation finally obtaining is 40%.
Select stearic acid 100kg to drop into material tank, heated and stirred to stearic acid all melts, 50 kilograms, the paraffin that input has been broken into pieces again, capsule material adjuvant after fusing is evenly pumped into material-compound tank from material tank, start material-compound tank shear pump, L-threonine raw material 150kg is slowly added to material-compound tank, shear agitation 8～10 minutes, makes threonine and stearic acid, the fusing of paraffin compound evenly simultaneously; Then the material of mix homogeneously is imported to storage tank, and heating-up temperature to 80～90 ℃; Start conveying sprayer unit, proportioned material in storage tank is granulated by spray chilling equipment; Made finished particle is sieved to the collection of sieving with 30～80 order concussions.Threonine weight content in the finished product methionine microcapsule formulation finally obtaining is 50%.
test example one
Investigate supplementary crystal methionine, lysine or methionine, the impact of lysine microcapsule formulation (50% content) on Carassius auratus and Ctenopharyngodon idellus Free Amino Acid in Plasma content in feedstuff.
1. test fish and feeding and management
Test Ctenopharyngodon idellus is cultivation then, average weight (20.27 ± 0.5) g; Test Carassius auratus average weight (7.5 ± 0.5) g.Fish is put in a suitable place to breed in indoor fiberglass Shui nationality case (100cm * 60cm * 50cm) in test.Ctenopharyngodon idellus and Carassius auratus are respectively established 3 processed group: organize 1 for common daily ration group, organize 2 for crystal amino acid interpolation group, organize 3 for aminoacid microcapsule formulation interpolation group; Establish 2 repetitions for every group, every cylinder is put 30 tail fishes.Water source is aeration tap water.Test fish conformed after 5 days, started the test feed of throwing something and feeding, and day to throw the rate of raising be body weight 3 ~ 5%, and throw something and feed twice every day in 9:00 and 17:00.Remove feces in case every morning, and change water 1/3, feeding time is 10 days.25 ± 1 ℃ of duration of test water temperatures, pH7.5 ± 0.5, dissolved oxygen > 6mg/L, chlorine residue < 0.1mg/L.
2. test feedstuff
table 1 Carassius auratus operational test Diet Formula
table 2 Ctenopharyngodon idellus operational test Diet Formula
3. testing index:
Index 1: to test Carassius auratus, Ctenopharyngodon idellus throw raise after 0.5,1,1.5,2,2.5,3,6,9 and 12h after the content of blood Free Amino Acids;
Method: tail venous blood sampling, with 1% heparin sodium aqua, make anticoagulant, every cylinder is got 3 tail fish anticoagulations at every turn.Blood sample is put in 1.5ml centrifuge tube after the centrifugal 15min of 3000r/min, takes out supernatant and obtains blood plasma.Blood plasma is with after 8% sulfosalicylic acid Deproteinization, and HPLC method is measured free lysine and methionine in blood plasma.
Index 2: the dissolve-loss ratio of measuring granulation latter two aminoacid dosage form.
Method: 6 groups of test feeds are got respectively 10g, is placed in 100ml water 10min, during every 2min, stir once, get 10ml determination of aqueous solution lysine equal size.This experiment repeats 3 times.
4. result of the test:
As a result 1:
table 3 stop throwing something and feeding free lysine in rear three test group blood plasma and the content of methionine
Unit: mg/100mL
As a result 2: free Met and Lys trend over time in blood plasma
In three experimental group Carassius auratus blood plasma, trend is as shown in Figure 2 over time for free Met;
In three experimental group Carassius auratus blood plasma, trend is as shown in Figure 3 over time for free Lys;
In three experimental group Ctenopharyngodon idellus blood plasma, trend is as shown in Figure 4 over time for free Met;
In three experimental group Ctenopharyngodon idellus blood plasma, trend is as shown in Figure 5 over time for free Lys.
As a result 3: dissolution rate measurement result
two kinds of feedstuffs of table 4 dissolution rate analytical unit: % in the water of different pH
5. conclusion (of pressure testing)
1. no matter be to supplement crystal amino acid or aminoacid microcapsule formulation, all can effectively improve the free amino acid concentrations in test Carassius auratus and Ctenopharyngodon idellus blood plasma;
2. the addition of aminoacid microcapsule formulation is crystal amino acid 50%, but Plasma Free Amino Acids is more approaching, shows the loss of aminoacid microcapsule formulation in feed granulating process, and the lost crystal amino acid that is less than in water body;
3. peak time is all early than the peak time of aminoacid microcapsule formulation in the blood plasma of two kinds of fishes for crystal amino acid, but aminoacid microcapsule formulation more approaches consistent with the Argine Monohydrochloride peak time in feedstuff.
4. in feedstuff the dissolve-loss ratio of crystal amino acid higher than aminoacid microcapsule formulation; In alkalescence water body, the amino acid whose dissolve-loss ratio of two kinds of dosage forms all has the increase of certain amplitude.
test example two
This test, by large pool culture experiment, carrys out comparison common grass carp material, adds crystal lysine and adds culture efficiency between three kinds of feed of grass carp of aminoacid microcapsule formulation.
1. test fish: select average specification at 1.9kg/ tail, the Ctenopharyngodon idellus of physical health.
2. test pond condition: the contrast pool and the test pool are the hydrostatic soil pond of 5 ~ 6.5 mu of areas.The conditions such as the water source in three ponds, aerator configuration are identical, and pond water quality condition is roughly similar.
3. test feedstuff:
Feed formula: the feed formula on the contrast pool and two test pools is in Table 5.
the feed formula of each group test of table 5
Feed nutrient: the feed nutrient on the contrast pool and two test pools is in Table 6.
table 6 respectively organize the confirmed composition (%) of feedstuff and formulation cost (yuan/ton)
4 test methods:
4.1 tests arrange: throw something and feed and do not add the common grass carp material of exogenous amino acid in the contrast pool.Test pool I is thrown something and fed and is added the Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed of crystal amino acid; Test pool II is thrown something and fed and is added the Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed of aminoacid microcapsule formulation.
4.2 put situation in a suitable place to breed: the situation of specifically putting in a suitable place to breed on the contrast pool and the test pool is in Table 7.
Table 7 is put situation statistics in a suitable place to breed
4.3 feeding methods: the contrast pool and the test pool are all used Autoamtic bait putting machine to throw something and feed, and an Autoamtic bait putting machine is established on every pool.
Feeding rate on the 4.4th: whole duration of test, the contrast pool is identical with the day feeding rate on the test pool, is controlled between 2 ~ 2.5%.
The number of times of throwing something and feeding on the 4.5th: the number of times of throwing something and feeding day of the contrast pool, test pool II is 2 times, and the time is 8:00 in the morning
With 15:30 in afternoon.The number of times of throwing something and feeding day of test pool I is 8 times, and the time is between 7:00 ~ 16:00.
5. test results and analysis:
5.1 result of the tests: the concrete results situation on the contrast pool and two test pools, in Table 8.
table 8 result of the test
5.2 conclusion (of pressure testing)
From experimental result, can find out, two test pools be not significantly increased formulation cost, even cost
Under the prerequisite slightly reducing, by adding crystal lysine or microcapsule lysine, supplement the aminoacid in feed of grass carp, culture efficiency is obvious.
Throw something and feed and add the test pool I of crystal lysine, culture efficiency is similar to the test pool II of adding aminoacid microcapsule formulation, but the number of times of throwing something and feeding day of test pool I is 8 times, in breeding production practice, is difficult to promote, and operability is not strong.The number of times of throwing something and feeding day of test pool II is identical with common fish meal, but has better culture efficiency.The water quality of simultaneously testing pool II is better than test pool I.Illustrate that lysine microcapsule formulation not only has good culture efficiency, and the formulation cost of feedstuff is low, culture benefit is high, little on the impact of breeding water body, so said preparation has good practicality and promotional value aborning.
test example three
This experiment is the application test of aminoacid microcapsule formulation in penaeus vannamei boone feed
1.1 test prawns: be selected from East Sea Island, Zhanjiang Xia Miao factory.The physical health of shrimp Seedling, neat specification.Average specification is 1cm/ tail.
1.2 test sites: select the code test aquarium being arranged in indoor culture experiment Factory Building.Aquarium is drum type, recirculated water, blowing aeration formula.
1.3 test water sources: adopt the sea water of processing after filtration
2. test method:
2.1 tests arrange: test is provided with 1 matched group, and totally 4 groups of 3 experimental grouies, establish 4 repetitions for every group, amount to 16 aquariums.Each aquarium is put respectively 60 shrimp Seedlings.The feed formula that matched group and experimental group are used and nutritional labeling in Table 9, table 10.
2.2 trial: throw something and feed every day 4 times.The feeding volume of all groups is identical.Day feeding rate is controlled at 8 ~ 10%.Whether draining every day once, has residual feed, whether has dead shrimp at the bottom of inspection box.
table 9 is respectively organized feeds utilized formula (kg)
the nutritional labeling of each group of formula of table 10 (%) and formulation cost (unit)
3. result of the test
Result of the test is in Table 11.
table 11 result of the test statistics
In the formula of test group 1, experimental group 2, reduced respectively by 8.7% and 17.4% imported fish meal.Growth result and feed coefficient are basic and matched group is approaching.Meanwhile, the formulation cost of feedstuff has not but reduced by 16 yuan/ton and 63 yuan/ton than contrast component, and especially experimental group 2, and its growth result and the cost of saving are even more ideal.Results suggest: by supplementing microcapsule aminoacid, can improve the utilization ratio of methionine, and suitably reduce the addition of imported fish meal in shrimp feedstuff.
In test group 3, reduced by 26.1% fish flour, formulation cost has reduced by 112 yuan/ton than matched group.Growth result has been compared a certain distance with feed coefficient with matched group.By supplementing buffer-type microcapsule aminoacid, can reduce in right amount the consumption of imported fish meal.But exceed after certain scope, the growth result of Penaeus vannamei still can be affected.The growth of the animal proteinum raw material that high-quality is described to Penaeus vannamei, still plays pivotal role.Results suggest: by adjusting amino acid whose balance, only can reduce within the specific limits the consumption of imported fish meal.
In the nutrient component meter of matched group and experimental group formula, (table 10) can be found out, the methionine content value of matched group, be higher than experimental group 1 and experimental group 2.But from result of the test, reflect, actual growth result and the matched group of experimental group 2 and test group 2 are close.Illustrate and add microcapsule aminoacid, although do not have direct reaction to go out amino acid whose raising, by the amino acid whose slow-releasing and controlled-releasing action of microcapsule, can greatly improve the utilization ratio of synthesizing amino acid in shrimp feedstuff on resin.
Industrial usability
Aquatic amino acid preparation involved in the present invention and preparation method thereof and the aquatic feeds that adds this aquatic amino acid preparation, have higher value for applications.Feed additive is after microencapsulation, and properties of product improve a lot.The aminoacid that these were processed through microcapsules, stability is enhanced, and loses in use minimumly, can effectively by aquatic animal, be absorbed, thereby reduce the pollution to environment, and the while has also been reduced production cost.
Finally should be noted that; above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention but not limiting the scope of the invention; although the present invention has been done to explain with reference to preferred embodiment; those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; can modify or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not depart from essence and the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the preparation method of an aquatic amino acid preparation, it is characterized in that: described amino acid preparation is to include amino acid starting material and capsule material adjuvant, the weight content of described amino acid starting material is 50%, its amino acid starting material is a kind of amino acid starting material or any two or more mixed amino acid starting material being selected from lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, and described capsule material adjuvant is comprised of stearic acid and fatty powder 1:1;
The preparation method of described aquatic amino acid preparation is microcapsule formulation preparation method, includes following steps:
1. amino acid starting material, and containing this interpolation adjuvant, capsule material adjuvant, by compound method, get the raw materials ready in the time need to adding the interpolation adjuvant of non-capsule material adjuvant;
2. described capsule material adjuvant is dropped into material device, heat, be stirred to described capsule material adjuvant and all melt, the capsule material adjuvant of described input material device is heated to 70～105 ℃ and be stirred to described capsule material adjuvant and all melt;
3. the described capsule material adjuvant having melted is imported to proportioner from described material device, and described amino acid starting material of having got the raw materials ready is dropped into described proportioner high speed emulsifying shear agitation 6～12 minutes;
4. the mixed material of described proportioner high speed emulsifying shear agitation gained is imported in storage device and is incubated within the scope of 70～100 ℃; And start conveying sprayer unit, and the described mixed material spraying in described storage device is made to microcapsule granule, the transporting velocity of controlling described mixed material is 0.5～0.8m
3/ min, the atomizing disk rotating speed of described conveying sprayer unit is 4000～6000r/min, ambient temperature is 30 ℃, and to control inlet temperature when above be 10～12 ℃, when ambient temperature is 20～29 ℃, controlling inlet temperature is 15～22 ℃, and ambient temperature is 19 ℃, and to control inlet temperature when following be 22～26 ℃;
5. described microcapsule granule is cooling through cooling system, and with concussion sieve, sieve to collect and make aminoacid microcapsule formulation finished product.
2. the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described conveying sprayer unit is hig h-speed centrifugal spray drying equipment.
3. the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described microcapsule granule is cooling through described cooling system, and with 24～80 orders concussion sieves, sieve to collect and make described aminoacid microcapsule formulation finished product.
4. the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the step of described microcapsule formulation preparation method adopts fully closed production procedure and fully closed material-transporting system.
5. an aquatic feeds that adds claim 1 aquatic amino acid preparation, is characterized in that: the aquatic amino acid preparation of described interpolation comprises amino acid starting material and capsule material adjuvant, and the aminoacid microcapsule formulation of making through microcapsule formulation preparation method.
6. the aquatic feeds of interpolation aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the weight content of its component formula is
Fish flour 0～11%, bean cake 20～23%, rapeseed meal 15～29%, cottonseed meal 9～12%, wheat-middlings 15～35%, Testa Tritici 6～14%, mineral 0.5～1 % by weight, multivitamin 0.25～0.5 % by weight, choline chloride 0～0.5 % by weight, Oleum Glycines 0～1.0%, fish oil 0～1.2%, dalcium biphosphate 1～1.75%, aminoacid microcapsule formulation 0.1～0.3%.
7. the aquatic feeds of interpolation aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the weight content of its component formula is
Fish flour 6～11%, bean cake 20～23%, rapeseed meal 29%, cottonseed meal 11%, wheat-middlings 15%, Testa Tritici 6.25～13.5%, mineral 0.5%, multivitamin 0.25%, choline chloride 0.5%, Oleum Glycines 0.95～1.0%, fish oil 1.0～1.15%, dalcium biphosphate 1.5～1.75%, aminoacid microcapsule formulation 0.1～0.3%.
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