CN103110028A - Amino acid preparation applied to aquatic product as well as preparation method and aquatic feed thereof - Google Patents
Amino acid preparation applied to aquatic product as well as preparation method and aquatic feed thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an amino acid preparation applied to aquatic products, as well as a preparation method and an aquatic feed thereof. The amino acid preparation is an amino acid microcapsule preparation which contains an amino acid raw material and an auxiliary capsule material and is prepared by using a microcapsule preparation preparing method. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: (1) preparing the amino acid raw material and the auxiliary capsule material; (2) melting the auxiliary capsule material; (3) carrying out high-speed emulsification on the molten auxiliary capsule material and shearing and stirring the auxiliary capsule material; (4) keeping the warm of the mixture and spraying the mixture so as to prepare microcapsule grains; and (5) cooling, sieving and collecting so as to prepare an amino acid microcapsule preparation product. The aquatic feed is an aquatic feed into which the amino acid microcapsule preparation is added. The amino acid preparation is good in slow-release capability, unique in controlled release, good in anti-water-solubility loss and good in free-running property, can effectively prompt the synchronous absorption of exogenous amino acid and protein amino acid in the feed, and has the characteristics of low formula cost, high culture benefit and small influence on culture water environments.
Description
The application is to be February 20, application number in 2009 the dividing an application for " aquatic amino acid preparation and preparation method thereof with and aquatic feeds " that be 200910037278.5 denominations of invention the applying date.
Technical field
The present invention relates to the aquatic animal feed additive agent field, particularly relate to a kind of aquatic amino acid preparation and preparation method thereof, and the aquatic feeds that adds this aquatic amino acid preparation.
Background technology
In prior art, aquatic animal feed also is not widely used the synthesizing amino acid additive as the livestock and poultry animal feed.Yet many experts and scholars of this area advocate to use synthesizing amino acid in aquatic animal feed.Research has proved that also the interpolation synthesizing amino acid has certain effect.Add limiting amino acid in aquatic animal feed, can improve amino acid whose balanced degree, thereby improve aquatic animal to the digestive utilization ratio of feed protein.In amino acid, lysine has very important effect to normal growth, growth and the neural normal function of keeping aquatic animal.Lack lysine in feed and can cause negative nitrogen effect, make that in feed, protein can not take full advantage of, cause the aquatic animal poor growth, the serious symptoms such as fatty liver, the reduction of sclerotin calcification rate that also can occur.Methionine is the amino acid of unique sulfur-bearing in essential amino acid, the metabolism of phosphatide in the synthetic and liver of the transfer of methyl and adrenaline, choline, inositol in participation aquatic animal body.Methionine can synthesize deamination acid, and deamination acid has the protecting liver and detoxication function.Therefore, methionine can promote the growth of aquatic animal, prevents the generation of the diseases such as fatty liver, flower liver.
The amino acid that adds in aquatic feeds at present is mainly crystal amino acid and dressing amino acid.But according to the literature, add synthetic crystal amino acid result of use in aquatic feeds not obvious, be mainly because synthetic crystal amino acid easily in water the temperature in molten mistake, pelletization cause that easily the amino acid of amino acid inefficacy, digestion and absorption and material protein attitude is asynchronous etc.
In order to reduce molten mistake, delayed absorption time, to reach with the feed protein Amino Acid Absorption and synchronize, there are some experts and scholars to carry out Cotton seeds to free amino acid, be about to synthesizing amino acid and make coated dosage form.After Cotton seeds, its utilization ratio has had than crystal amino acid and has significantly improved.Yet still there is following shortcoming in coated dosage form amino acid: at first, the amino acid whose utilization ratio of coated dosage form is made a discount.Cotton seeds can delay amino acid whose absorption, in case coating material dissolving, synthesizing amino acid all strippings at once, and the very fast peak value that forms in blood, stimulate aquatic animal to start amino-acid oxidase and decompose matrix, make quite a few synthesizing amino acid oxidized, decompose, excrete.Therefore, still can not synchronize with albumen attitude amino acid well and absorb.Secondly, the dissolution time of coating material is difficult controls.Through after pulverizing, not of uniform size, out-of-shape and particle surface are rough, thereby cause the coating material thin and thick irregular due to crystal amino acid.If local dressing is excessively thin, have " giving the game away " phenomenon, cause dissolution time too fast, can not play the effect of dressing.The 3rd, the amino acid whose free-running property of dressing is poor.Because the amino acid whose granular size of dressing is uneven, free-running property is poor in feed, and mixture homogeneity is good not, thereby has influence on the amino acid whose absorption rate of dressing.
In addition, for a long time, in aquaculture and feed process for preparation, not special consider nutriment take full advantage of and to the problems such as pollution of breeding environment.Yet along with the public is day by day strong and that water pollutes is day by day serious to the concern of environment, except improving culture benefit, researching and developing environment-friendly type aquatic products feed is also the inexorable trend of feed industry and aquaculture development.
Therefore, demand developing a kind of can addressing the above problem on market urgently, namely can reduce molten mistake in water, delayed absorption time, reach with the feed protein Amino Acid Absorption and synchronize, and can either improve amino acid whose bioavilability, again breeding water body be polluted amino acid additive and the aquatic feeds of little aquatic feeds.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to avoid weak point of the prior art and a kind of have in better slow release, unique controlled capability, good water resistant molten mistake and free-running property preferably be provided, can promote effectively in exogenous amino acid and feed that the albumen attitude is amino acid whose synchronizes absorption, and cost is low, culture benefit is high, to little aquatic amino acid preparation of breeding water body ambient influnence and preparation method thereof, and the aquatic feeds that adds this aquatic amino acid preparation.
Purpose of the present invention realizes by following technical measures:
A kind of aquatic amino acid preparation is provided, and this amino acid preparation is to include amino acid starting material and capsule material auxiliary material, and other non-capsule material auxiliary material, and the amino acid microcapsule formulation of making through the microcapsule formulation preparation method.
As aquatic amino acid preparation preferred embodiment of the present invention, the weight content of the described amino acid starting material in above-mentioned amino acid microcapsule formulation is 30～70%.
Preferred, the weight content of above-mentioned amino acid starting material can be chosen as 50%.
As another preferred embodiment of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein, above-mentioned amino acid starting material is the salt-forming compound of lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan or related amino acid or a seed amino acid or more than one kilnitamin and the salt-forming compound thereof in other aquatic products essential amino acids.
As another preferred embodiment of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein, above-mentioned capsule material auxiliary material is fat-soluble capsule material auxiliary material.As the liposoluble substance of capsule material auxiliary material, after making the amino acid microcapsule formulation, owing to becoming new formulation, amino acid is formed protection, thereby well solved the difficult problem of the synthetic very easily molten mistake of crystal amino acid.
Preferred, above-mentioned fat-soluble capsule material auxiliary material is a seed capsules material auxiliary material in stearic acid, calcium stearate list glyceride, hard ester alcohol, saturated triglycerides, monoglyceride, paraffin, animal wax, vegetable wax, fatty powder, acrylic resin, butadiene styrene vinyl pyridine latex or more than one mictocystis material auxiliary material.
The aquatic amino acid preparation that the present invention is above-mentioned can also include the interpolation auxiliary material of non-capsule material auxiliary material in the amino acid microcapsule formulation.To add various auxiliary materials according to product requirement.
Aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention by at the amino acid microcapsule formulation, capsule material auxiliary material and amino acid starting material being formed the even plastid of phase embedding structure, thereby has guaranteed the slow release that it is good.Because only along with the dissolving gradually of capsule material auxiliary material, amino acid could progressively be released.The amino acid microcapsule formulation after forming the blood peak value, can also keep the regular hour with this peak value in the aquatic animal body.
In addition, added the amino acid aquatic feeds of micro-capsule form, not only can not make the active ingredient in feed such as amino acid water-soluble and lost, and can be by controlling particle diameter and the density of micro-capsule, it is suspended in exactly likes planktonic organism in water, be conducive to the predations such as juvenile fish.After amino acid microencapsulation in aquatic feeds, not only can reduce the interaction between feedstuff, and can reduce the loss in process, and can be controlled in the release of alimentary canal different parts.Especially adopt microcapsule technology at scrod feed, be prepared into microcapsule feedstuff, can greatly improve the utilization rate of feed.
Purpose of the present invention also realizes by following technical measures:
A kind of preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation is provided, and the preparation method of this aquatic amino acid preparation is the microcapsule formulation preparation method, includes following steps:
1. amino acid starting material (and containing this interpolation auxiliary material when needing the interpolation auxiliary material of the non-capsule material auxiliary material of interpolation), capsule material auxiliary material are got the raw materials ready by compound method;
2. described capsule material auxiliary material is dropped into the material device, heat, be stirred to described capsule material auxiliary material and all melt;
3. the described capsule material auxiliary material that has melted is imported proportioner from described material device, and described amino acid starting material of having got the raw materials ready is dropped into described proportioner high speed emulsification shear agitation;
4. be incubated in the mixed material importing storage device with described proportioner high speed emulsification shear agitation gained; And start the conveying sprayer unit, microcapsule granule is made in the described mixed material spraying in described storage device;
5. described microcapsule granule is cooling through cooling system, and sieve to collect with concussion sieve and make amino acid microcapsule formulation finished product.
The preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention utilizes one or several fat-soluble capsule material auxiliary materials, by steps such as fusing, spraying, cooling, dry, sub-sieves, amino acid is carried out microencapsulation and processes.
As preparation method's preferred embodiment of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein, the capsule material auxiliary material of above-mentioned input material device is heated to 70～105 ℃ and be stirred to described capsule material auxiliary material and all melt.
Another preferred embodiment of preparation method as aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein, the above-mentioned capsule material auxiliary material that has melted is imported described proportioner from described material device, and described amino acid starting material of having got the raw materials ready was dropped into described proportioner high speed emulsification shear agitation 6～12 minutes.
As another preferred embodiment of preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein, be incubated in 70～100 ℃ of scopes in the described storage device of described mixed material importing with above-mentioned proportioner high speed emulsification shear agitation gained; And start described conveying sprayer unit, described microcapsule granule is made in the described mixed material spraying in described storage device.
As another preferred embodiment of preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, the transporting velocity of wherein controlling the said mixture material is 0.5～0.8m
3/ min, the atomizing disk rotating speed of above-mentioned conveying sprayer unit is 4000～6000r/min, environment temperature is that to control EAT more than 30 ℃ the time be 10～12 ℃, controlling EAT when environment temperature is 20～29 ℃ is 15～22 ℃, and environment temperature is that to control EAT below 19 ℃ the time be 22～26 ℃.
As another preferred embodiment of preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein: above-mentioned conveying sprayer unit is hig h-speed centrifugal spray drying equipment.
As another preferred embodiment of preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein: above-mentioned microcapsule granule is cooling through described cooling system, and sieve to collect with 24～80 orders concussion sieves and make described amino acid microcapsule formulation finished product.
As another preferred embodiment of preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein above-mentioned microcapsule formulation preparation method's step adopts fully closed production procedure and fully closed material-transporting system.Because production process is fully closed production procedure and totally enclosed material-transporting system, reduced dust from flying and spillage of material, total yield of products is high, and product appearance is spherical in shape, and good fluidity more is conducive to mix, and with plain particles, very big improvement is arranged relatively.Thus, make to help to improve aquatic animal to digestibility and the utilization rate of feed nutrition material, thereby reduced feed and amino acid whose waste, alleviated pollution and reduction feed cost to the breeding water body environment.
In addition, as the material device in the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, can be the material tank, can be also other any material container, but preferably use the material tank.As the proportioner in the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, can be material-compound tank, can be also other any proportion container, but preferably use material-compound tank.As the storage device in the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, can be storage tank, can be also other any proportion container, but preferably use storage tank.The preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention carries out microencapsulation with amino acid and one or several capsule material auxiliary materials, thereby can provide a kind of have better slow release, unique controlled capability, good anti-molten mistake and free-running property preferably, can promote effectively in exogenous amino acid and feed that the albumen attitude is amino acid whose synchronizes absorption, and formulation cost is low, culture benefit is high, the aquatic amino acid preparation little to the breeding water body ambient influnence.
Purpose of the present invention also realizes by following technical measures:
A kind of aquatic feeds that adds the aquatic amino acid preparation is provided, and wherein: the aquatic amino acid preparation of interpolation is to include amino acid starting material and capsule material auxiliary material, and the amino acid microcapsule formulation of making through the microcapsule formulation preparation method.
Aquatic feeds preferred embodiment as interpolation aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein described in above-mentioned amino acid microcapsule formulation, the weight content of amino acid starting material is 30～70%, and described amino acid starting material is the salt-forming compound of lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan or related amino acid or a seed amino acid or more than one kilnitamin and the salt-forming compound thereof in other aquatic products essential amino acids.
Preferred, described in above-mentioned amino acid microcapsule formulation, the weight content of amino acid starting material can be chosen as 50%.
As another preferred embodiment of aquatic feeds of interpolation aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein: the weight content of its component formula is
Preferred, the weight content of its component formula is
The aquatic feeds of interpolation aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention compared with prior art, formulation cost is low, culture benefit is high, little to the breeding water body ambient influnence.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described to utilize accompanying drawing, but the embodiment in accompanying drawing does not consist of any limitation of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the preparation method's of a kind of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention flow chart;
Fig. 2 is that in three groups of crucian blood plasma of experimental example one of the present invention, free Met level is schemed over time;
Fig. 3 is that in three groups of crucian blood plasma of experimental example one of the present invention, free Lys level is schemed over time;
Fig. 4 is that in three groups of grass carp blood plasma of experimental example one of the present invention, free Met level is schemed over time;
Fig. 5 is that in three groups of grass carp blood plasma of experimental example one of the present invention, free Lys level is schemed over time.
Being labeled as in Fig. 1:
1---capsule material auxiliary material
2---amino acid starting material
3---the material tank
4---material-compound tank
5---storage tank
6---sprayer unit
7---cooling system
8---the concussion sieve
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with the following Examples:
A kind of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention includes amino acid starting material and one or several capsule material auxiliary materials, can also contain other some interpolation auxiliary materials.Wherein: the amino acid weight content is 30～70%, is preferably 40～60%, more preferably 50%.Find through test of many times, the amino acid weight content is lower than 30% with higher than 70% amino acid microcapsule formulation, and the dissolve-loss ratio in general cultivating condition does not all reach requirement; The amino acid microcapsule formulation of the amino acid microcapsule formulation of amino acid weight content 40～60%, particularly amino acid weight content 50% can not only reach best slow controlled-release effect, and the interpolation cost in actual production is also lower.
In a kind of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, its amino acid starting material can be a kind of amino acid starting material or any two or more mixed amino acid starting material that is selected from the essential amino acids such as lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan.Wherein, the mixed amino acid starting material of lysine raw material, methionine raw material, lysine and methionine preferably.
Above-mentioned capsule material auxiliary material is liposoluble substance, as fat-soluble capsule material auxiliary material, can be selected from one or several in stearic acid, calcium stearate list glyceride, hard ester alcohol, saturated triglycerides, monoglyceride, paraffin, animal wax, vegetable wax, fatty powder, acrylic resin, butadiene styrene vinyl pyridine latex etc.Wherein, preferred fat-soluble capsule material auxiliary material is the mixture of stearic acid and stearic acid and fatty powder.
A kind of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, preferably the microcapsule formulation particle size is the spheric granules of 200～700 μ m.It has better dissolubility, mobility and storage-stable.
A kind of aquatic feeds that adds the aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, mineral matter in its formula can be selected from one or several in calcium hydrophosphate fodder, calcium lactate, potassium sulfate, sodium sulphate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, aluminum sulfate, cobalt chloride, KI, sodium chloride etc.
A kind of aquatic feeds that adds the aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, the multivitamin in its formula can be selected from one or more in vitamin A, Cobastab, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, nicotinic acid, folic acid etc.
Select stearic acid 225kg to drop into the material tank, be heated to 80 ℃, constantly stir, treat its whole fusings; To melt stearic acid and pump into material-compound tank from the material tank, accurately the L lysine HCL 230kg of weighing drops into material-compound tank simultaneously, shear agitation 10 minutes, and temperature will be controlled at 80 ℃ therebetween; The material that mixed is imported storage tank, and heating-up temperature to 80～100 ℃; Start the conveying sprayer unit, proportioned material in storage tank is passed through spraying granulation; Made finished particle is sieved with 24～80 order concussions the collection of sieving.Obtain at last 448kg finished product lysine microcapsule formulation, particle diameter is at 200～700 μ m, and yield can reach 98.4%.
Replace above-mentioned lysine raw material with essential amino acid raw materials such as methionine, threonine, tryptophans, repeat above-mentioned steps, result is basic identical.
Select stearic acid and fatty powder 175kg(1: 1) drop into the material tank, be heated to 80 ℃, constantly stir, treat its whole fusings; To melt stearic acid and fatty powder pumps into material-compound tank from the material tank, accurately the L lysine HCL of weighing (purity 99%) 180kg drops into material-compound tank simultaneously, shear agitation 8 minutes, and temperature will be controlled at 80 ℃ therebetween; The material that mixed is imported storage tank, and heating-up temperature to 80～100 ℃; Start the conveying sprayer unit, proportioned material in storage tank is granulated by spray chilling equipment; Made finished particle is sieved with 24～80 order concussions the collection of sieving.Obtain at last 348kg finished product lysine microcapsule formulation, particle diameter is at 200～700 μ m, and yield can reach 99%.
Replace above-mentioned lysine raw material with essential amino acid raw materials such as methionine, threonine, tryptophans, repeat above-mentioned steps, result is basic identical.
Select stearic acid 100kg to drop into the material tank, heating is stirred to stearic acid and all melts, drop into again 50 kilograms, the paraffin broken into pieces, capsule material auxiliary material after fusing is evenly pumped into material-compound tank from the material tank, start the material-compound tank shear pump, simultaneously feed grade DL-METHIONINE raw material 100kg is slowly added material-compound tank, shear agitation 8～10 minutes makes methionine raw material and stearic acid, the fusing of paraffin compound evenly; The material that then will mix imports storage tank, and heating-up temperature to 80～90 ℃; Start the conveying sprayer unit, proportioned material in storage tank is granulated by spray chilling equipment; Made finished particle is sieved with 30～80 order concussions the collection of sieving.Methionine weight content in the finished product methionine microcapsule formulation that obtains at last is 40%.
Select stearic acid 100kg to drop into the material tank, heating is stirred to stearic acid and all melts, drop into again 50 kilograms, the paraffin broken into pieces, capsule material auxiliary material after fusing is evenly pumped into material-compound tank from the material tank, start the material-compound tank shear pump, simultaneously L-threonine raw material 150kg is slowly added material-compound tank, shear agitation 8～10 minutes makes threonine and stearic acid, the fusing of paraffin compound evenly; The material that then will mix imports storage tank, and heating-up temperature to 80～90 ℃; Start the conveying sprayer unit, proportioned material in storage tank is granulated by spray chilling equipment; Made finished particle is sieved with 30～80 order concussions the collection of sieving.Threonine weight content in the finished product methionine microcapsule formulation that obtains at last is 50%.
Test example one
Investigate and to replenish crystal methionine, lysine or methionine, lysine microcapsule formulation (50% content) in feed to the impact of crucian and grass carp Free Amino Acid in Plasma content.
1. test fish and feeding and management
The test grass carp is cultivation then, average weight (20.27 ± 0.5) g; Test crucian average weight (7.5 ± 0.5) g.The test fish is put in a suitable place to breed at indoor fiberglass Shui nationality case (in 100cm * 60cm * 50cm).Grass carp and crucian are respectively established 3 processed group: group 1 is common daily ration group, and group 2 is crystal amino acid interpolation group, and group 3 is amino acid microcapsule formulation interpolation group; Establish 2 repetitions for every group, every cylinder is put 30 tail fishes.The water source is the aeration running water.After the test fish conformed 5 days, begin the test feed of throwing something and feeding, day throwing rate of raising is 3 ~ 5% of body weight, and throw something and feed twice in 9:00 and 17:00 every day.Remove ight soil in case every morning, and change water 1/3, feeding time is 10 days.25 ± 1 ℃ of duration of test water temperatures, pH7.5 ± 0.5, dissolved oxygen＞6mg/L, chlorine residue＜0.1mg/L.
2. test and use feed
Table 1 crucian operational test Diet Formula
Table 2 grass carp operational test Diet Formula
3. testing index:
Index 1: to test crucian, grass carp throw raise after 0.5,1,1.5,2,2.5,3,6,9 and 12h after the content of blood Free Amino Acids;
Method: the tail venous blood sampling, make anti-coagulants with 1% heparin sodium aqua, every cylinder is got 3 tail fish anticoagulations at every turn.Blood sample is put in the 1.5ml centrifuge tube after the centrifugal 15min of 3000r/min, takes out supernatant and namely obtains blood plasma.Blood plasma with 8% sulfosalicylic acid deproteinized after, the HPLC method is measured free lysine and methionine in blood plasma.
Index 2: the dissolve-loss ratio of measuring two seed amino acid formulations after granulating.
Method: 6 groups of test feeds are got respectively 10g, are placed in 100ml water 10min, during stir once every 2min, get 10ml determination of aqueous solution lysine equal size.This experiment repeats 3 times.
4. result of the test:
As a result 1:
Table 3 stop throwing something and feeding free lysine in rear three test group blood plasma and the content of methionine
Unit: mg/100mL
As a result 2: free Met and Lys trend over time in blood plasma
In three experimental group crucian blood plasma, trend is as shown in Figure 2 over time for free Met;
In three experimental group crucian blood plasma, trend is as shown in Figure 3 over time for free Lys;
In three experimental group grass carp blood plasma, trend is as shown in Figure 4 over time for free Met;
In three experimental group grass carp blood plasma, trend is as shown in Figure 5 over time for free Lys.
As a result 3: the dissolution rate measurement result
Two kinds of feeds of table 4 dissolution rate analytical unit: % in the water of different pH
5. conclusion (of pressure testing)
1. no matter be to replenish crystal amino acid or amino acid microcapsule formulation, all can effectively improve the free amino acid concentrations in test crucian and grass carp blood plasma;
2. the addition of amino acid microcapsule formulation is 50% of crystal amino acid, but Plasma Free Amino Acids is more approaching, shows the loss of amino acid microcapsule formulation in the feed granulating process, and the lost crystal amino acid that is less than in water body;
3. peak time is all early than the peak time of amino acid microcapsule formulation in the blood plasma of two kinds of fishes for crystal amino acid, but the Argine Monohydrochloride peak time in amino acid microcapsule formulation and feed is more near consistent.
4. in feed the dissolve-loss ratio of crystal amino acid higher than the amino acid microcapsule formulation; In the alkalescent water body, the amino acid whose dissolve-loss ratio of two kinds of formulations all has the increase of certain amplitude.
Test example two
This test comes comparison common grass carp material, adds crystal lysine and adds culture efficiency between three kinds of feed of grass carp of amino acid microcapsule formulation by large pool culture experiment.
1. test fish: select average specification at the 1.9kg/ tail, the grass carp of physical health.
2. test pond condition: the contrast pool and the test pool are the hydrostatic soil pond of 5 ~ 6.5 mu of areas.The conditions such as the water source in three ponds, aerator configuration are identical, and the pond water quality condition is roughly similar.
3. test and use feed:
Feed formula: the contrast pool and two feed formulas of testing the pool see Table 5.
The feed formula of each group test of table 5
Feed nutrient: the contrast pool and two feed nutrients of testing the pool see Table 6.
Table 6 respectively organize the confirmed composition (%) of feed and formulation cost (yuan/ton)
4 test methods:
4.1 test arranges: contrast the common grass carp material of throwing something and feeding and do not add exogenous amino acid in the pool.Test pool I is thrown something and fed and is added the Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed of crystal amino acid; Test pool II is thrown something and fed and is added the Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed of amino acid microcapsule formulation.
4.2 situation of putting in a suitable place to breed: contrast the pool and see Table 7 with the specifically situation of putting in a suitable place to breed of testing the pool.
Table 7 is put the situation statistics in a suitable place to breed
4.3 feeding method: contrast the pool and test the pool and all use Autoamtic bait putting machine to throw something and feed, an Autoamtic bait putting machine is established on every pool.
4.4 day feeding rate: whole duration of test, the contrast pool is identical with the day feeding rate of testing the pool, is controlled between 2 ~ 2.5%.
4.5 day the number of times of throwing something and feeding: the number of times of throwing something and feeding day of the contrast pool, test pool II is 2 times, and the time is 8:00 in the morning
With 15:30 in afternoon.The number of times of throwing something and feeding day of test pool I is 8 times, and the time is between 7:00 ~ 16:00.
5. test results and analysis:
5.1 result of the test: the contrast pool and two concrete results situations of testing the pool see Table 8.
Table 8 result of the test
5.2 conclusion (of pressure testing)
Can find out from experimental result, testing the pool for two is not obviously increasing formulation cost, even cost
Under the prerequisite that slightly reduces, by adding crystal lysine or micro-capsule lysine, replenish the amino acid in feed of grass carp, culture efficiency is obvious.
The test pool I of throwing something and feeding and adding crystal lysine, culture efficiency is similar with the test pool II of adding the amino acid microcapsule formulation, but the number of times of throwing something and feeding day of test pool I is 8 times, is difficult to popularization in the breeding production practice, operability is not strong.The number of times of throwing something and feeding day of test pool II is identical with common fish meal, but has better culture efficiency.The water quality of testing simultaneously pool II is better than tests pool I.Illustrate that the lysine microcapsule formulation not only has culture efficiency preferably, and the formulation cost of feed is low, culture benefit is high, little on the impact of breeding water body, so said preparation has good practicality and promotional value aborning.
Test example three
This experiment is the application test of amino acid microcapsule formulation in penaeus vannamei boone feed
1.1 test prawn: be selected from East Sea Island, Zhanjiang shrimp seedling factory.The physical health of shrimp seedling, neat specification.Average specification is the 1cm/ tail.
1.2 test site: select the code test aquarium that is arranged in indoor culture experiment factory building.Aquarium is drum type, recirculated water, blowing aeration formula.
1.3 test water source: adopt the seawater of processing after filtration
2. test method:
2.1 test arranges: test being provided with 1 control group, and totally 4 groups of 3 experimental group are established 4 repetitions for every group, amount to 16 aquariums.Each aquarium is put respectively 60 shrimp seedlings.The feed formula that control group and experimental group are used and nutritional labeling see Table 9, table 10.
2.2 trial: throw something and feed every day 4 times.The feeding volume of all groups is identical.Day feeding rate is controlled at 8 ~ 10%.Whether draining every day once has residual feed, whether dead shrimp is arranged at the bottom of inspection box.
Table 9 is respectively organized feeds utilized formula (kg)
The nutritional labeling of each assembly side of table 10 (%) and formulation cost (unit)
3. result of the test
Result of the test sees Table 11.
Table 11 result of the test statistics
In the formula of test group 1, experimental group 2, reduced respectively by 8.7% and 17.4% imported fish meal.Growth result and feed coefficient are basic and control group is approaching.Simultaneously, the formulation cost of feed has not but reduced by 16 yuan/tons and 63 yuan/tons than the contrast component, and especially experimental group 2, and its growth result and the cost of saving are even more ideal.Results suggest: by replenishing micro-capsule amino acid, can improve the utilization ratio of methionine, and suitably reduce the addition of imported fish meal in the shrimp feed.
In test group 3, reduced by 26.1% fish meal, formulation cost has reduced by 112 yuan/tons than control group.Growth result has been compared a certain distance with feed coefficient with control group.By replenishing buffer-type micro-capsule amino acid, can reduce in right amount the consumption of imported fish meal.But after exceeding certain scope, the growth result of Penaeus Vannmei still can be affected.Illustrate that the animal protein raw material of high-quality to the growth of Penaeus Vannmei, still plays key effect.Results suggest: by adjusting amino acid whose balance, only can reduce within the specific limits the consumption of imported fish meal.
(table 10) can be found out in the nutrient component meter of control group and experimental group formula, and the methionine content value of control group will be higher than experimental group 1 and experimental group 2.But reflect from result of the test, actual growth result and the control group of experimental group 2 and test group 2 are close.Illustrate and add micro-capsule amino acid, although directly do not reflect amino acid whose raising on resin, by the amino acid whose slow-releasing and controlled-releasing action of micro-capsule, can greatly improve the utilization ratio of synthesizing amino acid in the shrimp feed.
Industrial usability
Aquatic amino acid preparation involved in the present invention and preparation method thereof and the aquatic feeds that adds this aquatic amino acid preparation have higher value for applications.Feed addictive is after microencapsulation, and properties of product improve a lot.The amino acid that these were processed through micro-capsules, stability is enhanced, and loses in use minimumly, can effectively be absorbed by aquatic animal, thereby reduce pollution to environment, and the while has also been reduced production cost.
Should be noted that at last; above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention but not limiting the scope of the invention; although with reference to preferred embodiment, the present invention has been done to explain; those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; can modify or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not break away from essence and the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (20)
1. aquatic amino acid preparation, it is characterized in that: described amino acid preparation is to include amino acid starting material and capsule material auxiliary material, and the amino acid microcapsule formulation of making through the microcapsule formulation preparation method.
2. aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the weight content of described amino acid starting material is 30～70%.
3. aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the weight content of described amino acid starting material is 50%.
4. according to claim 1 and 2 or 3 described aquatic amino acid preparations is characterized in that: described amino acid starting material is a seed amino acid in lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan or related amino acid salt-forming compound or other aquatic products essential amino acids or the salt-forming compound of more than one kilnitamin.
5. aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described capsule material auxiliary material is fat-soluble capsule material auxiliary material.
6. aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described fat-soluble capsule material auxiliary material is a seed capsules material auxiliary material in stearic acid, calcium stearate list glyceride, hard ester alcohol, saturated triglycerides, monoglyceride, paraffin, animal wax, vegetable wax, fatty powder, acrylic resin, butadiene styrene vinyl pyridine latex or more than one mictocystis material auxiliary material.
7. according to claim 1 and 2 or 3 described aquatic amino acid preparations, is characterized in that: the interpolation auxiliary material that includes non-capsule material auxiliary material in described amino acid microcapsule formulation.
8. the preparation method of an aquatic amino acid preparation, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of described aquatic amino acid preparation is the microcapsule formulation preparation method, includes following steps:
1. amino acid starting material or salt-forming compound (and containing this interpolation auxiliary material when needing the interpolation auxiliary material of the non-capsule material auxiliary material of interpolation), capsule material auxiliary material are got the raw materials ready by compound method;
2. described capsule material auxiliary material is dropped into the material device, heat, be stirred to described capsule material auxiliary material and all melt;
3. the described capsule material auxiliary material that has melted is imported proportioner from described material device, and described amino acid starting material of having got the raw materials ready is dropped into described proportioner high speed emulsification shear agitation;
4. be incubated in the mixed material importing storage device with described proportioner high speed emulsification shear agitation gained; And start the conveying sprayer unit, microcapsule granule is made in the described mixed material spraying in described storage device;
5. described microcapsule granule is cooling through cooling system, and sieve to collect with concussion sieve and make amino acid microcapsule formulation finished product.
9. the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the capsule material auxiliary material of described input material device is heated to 70～105 ℃ and be stirred to described capsule material auxiliary material and all melt.
10. the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: the described capsule material auxiliary material that has melted is imported described proportioner from described material device, and described amino acid starting material of having got the raw materials ready was dropped into described proportioner high speed emulsification shear agitation 6～12 minutes.
11. the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 8 is characterized in that: be incubated in 70～100 ℃ of scopes in the described storage device of described mixed material importing with described proportioner high speed emulsification shear agitation gained; And start described conveying sprayer unit, described microcapsule granule is made in the described mixed material spraying in described storage device.
12. the preparation method of according to claim 8 or 11 described aquatic amino acid preparations is characterized in that: the transporting velocity of controlling described mixed material is 0.5～0.8m
3/ min, the atomizing disk rotating speed of described conveying sprayer unit is 4000～6000r/min, environment temperature is that to control EAT more than 30 ℃ the time be 10～12 ℃, controlling EAT when environment temperature is 20～29 ℃ is 15～22 ℃, and environment temperature is that to control EAT below 19 ℃ the time be 22～26 ℃.
13. the preparation method of according to claim 8 or 11 described aquatic amino acid preparations is characterized in that: described conveying sprayer unit is hig h-speed centrifugal spray drying equipment.
14. the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described microcapsule granule is cooling through described cooling system, and sieve to collect with 24～80 orders concussion sieves and make described amino acid microcapsule formulation finished product.
15. the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described microcapsule formulation preparation method's step adopts fully closed production procedure and fully closed material-transporting system.
16. an aquatic feeds that adds the aquatic amino acid preparation is characterized in that: the aquatic amino acid preparation of described interpolation is to include amino acid starting material and capsule material auxiliary material, and the amino acid microcapsule formulation of making through the microcapsule formulation preparation method.
17. the aquatic feeds of interpolation aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 16, it is characterized in that: described in described amino acid microcapsule formulation, the weight content of amino acid starting material is 30～70 %, and described amino acid starting material is a seed amino acid in lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan or related amino acid salt-forming compound or other aquatic products essential amino acids or the salt-forming compound of more than one kilnitamin.
18. the aquatic feeds of interpolation aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 17 is characterized in that: described in described amino acid microcapsule formulation, the weight content of amino acid starting material is 50 %.
19. the aquatic feeds of interpolation aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 16 is characterized in that: the weight content of its component formula is
Fish meal 0～11%, dregs of beans 20～23%, rapeseed dregs 15～29%, Cottonseed Meal 9～12%, inferior powder 15～35%, wheat bran 6～14%, mineral matter 0.5～1 % by weight, multivitamin 0.25～0.5 % by weight, Choline Chloride 0～0.5 % by weight, soya-bean oil 0～1.0%, fish oil 0～1.2%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1～1.75%, amino acid microcapsule formulation 0.1～0.3%.
20. the aquatic feeds of interpolation aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 19 is characterized in that: the weight content of its component formula is
Fish meal 6～11%, dregs of beans 20～23%, rapeseed dregs 29%, Cottonseed Meal 11%, inferior powder 15%, wheat bran 6.25～13.5%, mineral matter 0.5%, multivitamin 0.25%, Choline Chloride 0.5%, soya-bean oil 0.95～1.0%, fish oil 1.0～1.15%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5～1.75%, amino acid microcapsule formulation 0.1～0.3%.
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