CN101658244A - Aquatic amino acid preparation and preparation method and aquatic feed thereof - Google Patents
Aquatic amino acid preparation and preparation method and aquatic feed thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an aquatic amino acid preparation and a preparation method and aquatic feed thereof, wherein the aquatic amino acid preparation comprises an amino acid raw material and a capsule auxiliary material, and is an amino acid microcapsule preparation prepared by a preparation method of the microcapsule preparation. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing the amino acid raw material and the capsule auxiliary material; (2) melting the capsule auxiliary material; (3) emulsifying, shearing and agitating the melted capsule auxiliary material and the amino acid raw material at high speed; (4) insulating heat for the mixed material and spraying to prepare microcapsule particles; and (5) cooling and sieving the microcapsule particles to collect the prepared finished products of the amino acid microcapsule preparation. The aquatic feed is the aquatic feed in which the amino acid microcapsule preparation is added. The aquatic amino acid preparationhas better slow release property, special controlled release property, good anti-water-solution-loss property and better free-running property, can effectively promote the synchronous absorption of exogenous amino acid and protein amino acid in the feed, and has the characteristics of low formula cost, high cultivation benefit and little influence on the cultivation water environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the aquatic animal feed additive agent field, particularly relate to a kind of aquatic amino acid preparation and preparation method thereof, and the aquatic feeds that adds this aquatic amino acid preparation.
Background technology
In the prior art, the aquatic animal feed also is not extensive use of the synthesizing amino acid additive as the livestock and poultry animal feed.Yet many experts and scholars of this area advocate to use synthesizing amino acid in the aquatic animal feed.Research has proved that also the interpolation synthesizing amino acid has certain effect.Add limiting amino acid in the aquatic animal feed, can improve amino acid whose balanced degree, thereby improve the digestive utilization ratio of aquatic animal feed protein.In amino acid, lysine has important effect to normal growth, growth and the neural normal function of keeping aquatic animal.Lack lysine in the feed and can cause negative nitrogen effect, make that protein can not make full use of in the feed, cause the aquatic animal poor growth, the serious symptoms such as fatty liver, the reduction of sclerotin calcification rate that also can occur.Methionine is the amino acid of unique sulfur-bearing in the essential amino acid, the metabolism of phosphatide in the synthetic and liver of the transfer of methyl and adrenaline, choline, inositol in the participation aquatic animal body.Methionine can synthesize deamination acid, and deamination acid has the protecting liver and detoxication function.Therefore, methionine can promote the growth of aquatic animal, prevents the generation of diseases such as fatty liver, flower liver.
The amino acid that is added in the aquatic feeds is mainly crystal amino acid and dressing amino acid at present.But according to the literature, it is not obvious to add synthetic crystal amino acid result of use in aquatic feeds, mainly be because synthetic crystal amino acid easily in water the temperature in molten mistake, the pelletization cause that easily the amino acid of amino acid inefficacy, digestion and absorption and material protein attitude is asynchronous etc.
In order to reduce molten mistake, delayed absorption time, to reach synchronous with the absorption of feed protein amino acid, there are some experts and scholars that free amino acid is carried out Cotton seeds, be about to synthesizing amino acid and make coated dosage form.After Cotton seeds, its utilization ratio has had than crystal amino acid and has significantly improved.Yet still there is following shortcoming in coated dosage form amino acid: at first, the amino acid whose utilization ratio of coated dosage form is made a discount.Cotton seeds can delay amino acid whose absorption, in case coating material dissolving, synthesizing amino acid all strippings at once, and the very fast peak value that in blood, forms, stimulate aquatic animal to start amino-acid oxidase and decompose matrix, make quite a few synthesizing amino acid oxidized, decompose, excrete.Therefore, still can not absorb synchronously with albumen attitude amino acid well.Secondly, the difficult control of the dissolution time of coating material.Because crystal amino acid is through after pulverizing, not of uniform size, out-of-shape and particle surface are rough, thereby cause the coating material thin and thick irregular.If local dressing is thin excessively, have " giving the game away " phenomenon, cause dissolution time too fast, can not play the effect of dressing.The 3rd, the amino acid whose free-running property of dressing is poor.Because the amino acid whose granular size inequality of dressing, free-running property is poor in feed, and mixture homogeneity is good inadequately, thereby has influence on the amino acid whose absorption rate of dressing.
In addition, for a long time, in aquaculture and feed process for preparation, not special consider nutriment make full use of and to the problems such as pollution of breeding environment.Yet along with the public is strong day by day and that water pollutes is serious day by day to the concern of environment, except improving culture benefit, researching and developing environment-friendly type aquatic products feed also is the inexorable trend of feed industry and aquaculture development.
Therefore, demand developing a kind of can addressing the above problem on the market urgently, promptly can reduce molten mistake in the water, delayed absorption time, reach synchronous with the absorption of feed protein amino acid, and can either improve amino acid whose bioavilability, again breeding water body be polluted the amino acid additive and the aquatic feeds of little aquatic feeds.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to avoid weak point of the prior art and a kind of have in better slow release, unique controlled capability, the good anti-water molten mistake and free-running property preferably be provided, can effectively promote the amino acid whose synchronous absorption of albumen attitude in exogenous amino acid and the feed, and cost is low, culture benefit is high, to little aquatic amino acid preparation of breeding water body ambient influnence and preparation method thereof, and the aquatic feeds that adds this aquatic amino acid preparation.
Purpose of the present invention realizes by following technical measures:
A kind of aquatic amino acid preparation is provided, and this amino acid preparation is to include amino acid starting material and capsule material auxiliary material, and other non-capsule material auxiliary material, and the amino acid microcapsule formulation of making through the microcapsule formulation preparation method.
As aquatic amino acid preparation preferred implementation of the present invention, the weight content of the described amino acid starting material in the above-mentioned amino acid microcapsule formulation is 30～70%.
Preferred, the weight content of above-mentioned amino acid starting material can be chosen as 50%.
As another preferred implementation of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein, above-mentioned amino acid starting material is the salt-forming compound of lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan or related amino acid or a seed amino acid or more than one kilnitamin and the salt-forming compound thereof in other aquatic products essential amino acids.
As another preferred implementation of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein, above-mentioned capsule material auxiliary material is fat-soluble capsule material auxiliary material.As the liposoluble substance of capsule material auxiliary material, after making the amino acid microcapsule formulation,, amino acid is formed protection, thereby well solved the difficult problem of the synthetic very easily molten mistake of crystal amino acid owing to become new formulation.
Preferred, above-mentioned fat-soluble capsule material auxiliary material is seed capsules material auxiliary material in stearic acid, calcium stearate list glyceride, hard ester alcohol, saturated triglycerides, monoglyceride, paraffin, animal wax, vegetable wax, fatty powder, acrylic resin, the butadiene styrene vinyl pyridine latex or more than one mictocystis material auxiliary material.
The aquatic amino acid preparation that the present invention is above-mentioned can also include the interpolation auxiliary material of non-capsule material auxiliary material in the amino acid microcapsule formulation.To add various auxiliary materials according to product requirement.
Aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention by at the amino acid microcapsule formulation capsule material auxiliary material and amino acid starting material being formed the even plastid of embedding structure mutually, thereby has guaranteed its good slow release.Because only along with the dissolving gradually of capsule material auxiliary material, amino acid could progressively be released.The amino acid microcapsule formulation behind the formation blood peak value, can also keep regular hour with this peak value in the aquatic animal body.
In addition, added the amino acid aquatic feeds of micro-capsule form, not only can not make the active ingredient in feed such as amino acid water-soluble and lost, and can be by the particle diameter and the density of control micro-capsule, it is suspended in exactly likes planktonic organism in the water, help predations such as juvenile fish.After the amino acid microencapsulation in the aquatic feeds, not only can reduce the interaction between the feedstuff, and can reduce the loss in process, and can be controlled in the release of alimentary canal different parts.Especially adopt microcapsule technology at scrod feed, be prepared into microcapsule feedstuff, can greatly improve the utilization rate of feed.
Purpose of the present invention also realizes by following technical measures:
A kind of preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation is provided, and the preparation method of this aquatic amino acid preparation is the microcapsule formulation preparation method, includes following steps:
1. amino acid starting material (and containing this interpolation auxiliary material when needing the interpolation auxiliary material of the non-capsule material auxiliary material of interpolation), capsule material auxiliary material are got the raw materials ready by compound method;
2. with described capsule material auxiliary material input materials device, heat, be stirred to described capsule material auxiliary material and all melt;
3. the described capsule material auxiliary material that has melted is imported proportioner from describedization materials device, and described amino acid starting material of having got the raw materials ready is dropped into described proportioner high speed emulsification shear agitation;
4. be incubated in the mixed material importing storage device with described proportioner high speed emulsification shear agitation gained; And start defeated material sprayer unit, microcapsule granule is made in the described mixed material spraying in the described storage device;
5. described microcapsule granule is cooled off through cooling system, and sieve to collect with concussion sieve and make amino acid microcapsule formulation finished product.
The preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention utilizes one or several fat-soluble capsule material auxiliary materials, by steps such as fusing, spraying, cooling, drying, sub-sieves amino acid is carried out microencapsulation and handles.
As preparation method's preferred implementation of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein, the capsule material auxiliary material of above-mentioned input materials device is heated to 70～105 ℃ and be stirred to described capsule material auxiliary material and all melt.
Another preferred implementation of preparation method as aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein, the above-mentioned capsule material auxiliary material that has melted is imported described proportioner from describedization materials device, and described amino acid starting material of having got the raw materials ready was dropped into described proportioner high speed emulsification shear agitation 6～12 minutes.
As another preferred implementation of preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein, the described mixed material of above-mentioned proportioner high speed emulsification shear agitation gained imported in the described storage device in 70～100 ℃ of scopes, be incubated; And start described defeated material sprayer unit, described microcapsule granule is made in the described mixed material spraying in the described storage device.
As another preferred implementation of preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, the transporting velocity of wherein controlling the said mixture material is 0.5～0.8m
3/ min, the atomizing disk rotating speed of above-mentioned defeated material sprayer unit is 4000～6000r/min, environment temperature is that time control EAT is 10～12 ℃ more than 30 ℃, the control EAT was 15～22 ℃ when environment temperature was 20～29 ℃, and environment temperature is that the EAT of time control below 19 ℃ is 22～26 ℃.
As another preferred implementation of preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein: above-mentioned defeated material sprayer unit is a hig h-speed centrifugal spray drying equipment.
As another preferred implementation of preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein: above-mentioned microcapsule granule is cooled off through described cooling system, and sieve to collect with 24～80 orders concussion sieve and make described amino acid microcapsule formulation finished product.
As another preferred implementation of preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein above-mentioned microcapsule formulation preparation method's step adopts fully closed production procedure and fully closed material-transporting system.Because production process is fully closed production procedure and totally enclosed material-transporting system, has reduced dust from flying and spillage of material, the total yield of products height, product appearance is spherical in shape, and good fluidity more helps mixing, and with plain particles very big improvement is arranged relatively.Thus, make to help to improve digestibility and the utilization rate of aquatic animal, thereby reduced feed and amino acid whose waste, alleviated pollution and reduction feed cost the breeding water body environment to the feed nutrition material.
In addition, as the change materials device among the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, can being batch can, also can be other anyization material container, but preferred useization batch can.As the proportioner among the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, can be material-compound tank, also can be other any proportion container, but preferably use material-compound tank.As the storage device among the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, can be storage tank, also can be other any proportion container, but preferably use storage tank.The preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention carries out microencapsulation with amino acid and one or several capsule material auxiliary materials, thereby can provide a kind of have better slow release, unique controlled capability, good anti-molten mistake and free-running property preferably, can effectively promote the amino acid whose synchronous absorption of albumen attitude in exogenous amino acid and the feed, and formulation cost is low, culture benefit is high, the aquatic amino acid preparation little to the breeding water body ambient influnence.
Purpose of the present invention also realizes by following technical measures:
A kind of aquatic feeds that adds the aquatic amino acid preparation is provided, and wherein: the aquatic amino acid preparation of interpolation is to include amino acid starting material and capsule material auxiliary material, and the amino acid microcapsule formulation of making through the microcapsule formulation preparation method.
Aquatic feeds preferred implementation as interpolation aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, the weight content of amino acid starting material is 30～70% described in the wherein above-mentioned amino acid microcapsule formulation, and described amino acid starting material is the salt-forming compound of lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan or related amino acid or a seed amino acid or more than one kilnitamin and the salt-forming compound thereof in other aquatic products essential amino acids.
Preferred, the weight content of amino acid starting material can be chosen as 50% described in the above-mentioned amino acid microcapsule formulation.
As another preferred implementation of aquatic feeds of interpolation aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, wherein: the weight content of its component prescription is
Preferred, the weight content of its component prescription is
The aquatic feeds of interpolation aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention compared with prior art, formulation cost is low, culture benefit is high, little to the breeding water body ambient influnence.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described to utilize accompanying drawing, but the embodiment in the accompanying drawing does not constitute any limitation of the invention.
Fig. 1 is the preparation method's of an a kind of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention flow chart;
Fig. 2 is that free Met level is schemed over time in three groups of crucian blood plasma of experimental example one of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that free Lys level is schemed over time in three groups of crucian blood plasma of experimental example one of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that free Met level is schemed over time in three groups of grass carp blood plasma of experimental example one of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that free Lys level is schemed over time in three groups of grass carp blood plasma of experimental example one of the present invention.
Being labeled as among Fig. 1:
1---capsule material auxiliary material
2---amino acid starting material
3---change batch can
4---material-compound tank
5---storage tank
6---sprayer unit
7---cooling system
8---the concussion sieve
The specific embodiment
The invention will be further described with the following Examples:
A kind of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention includes amino acid starting material and one or several capsule material auxiliary materials, can also contain other some interpolation auxiliary materials.Wherein: the amino acid weight content is 30～70%, is preferably 40～60%, more preferably 50%.Find that through test of many times the amino acid weight content is lower than 30% and be higher than 70% amino acid microcapsule formulation, the dissolve-loss ratio in general cultivating condition does not all reach requirement; The amino acid microcapsule formulation of the amino acid microcapsule formulation of amino acid weight content 40～60%, particularly amino acid weight content 50% can not only reach best slow controlled-release effect, and the interpolation cost in actual production is also lower.
In a kind of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, its amino acid starting material can be a kind of amino acid starting material or any two or more mixed amino acid starting material that is selected from the essential amino acids such as lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan.Wherein, the mixed amino acid starting material of lysine raw material, methionine raw material, lysine and methionine preferably.
Above-mentioned capsule material auxiliary material is a liposoluble substance, as fat-soluble capsule material auxiliary material, can be selected from stearic acid, calcium stearate list glyceride, hard ester alcohol, saturated triglycerides, monoglyceride, paraffin, animal wax, vegetable wax, fatty powder, acrylic resin, the butadiene styrene vinyl pyridine latex etc. one or several.Wherein, preferred fat-soluble capsule material auxiliary material is the mixture of stearic acid and stearic acid and fatty powder.
A kind of aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, preferably the microcapsule formulation particle size is the spheric granules of 200～700 μ m.It has better dissolubility, flowability and storage-stable.
A kind of aquatic feeds that adds the aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, mineral matter in its prescription can be selected from calcium hydrophosphate fodder, calcium lactate, potassium sulfate, sodium sulphate, magnesium sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate, aluminum sulfate, cobalt chloride, KI, the sodium chloride etc. one or several.
A kind of aquatic feeds that adds the aquatic amino acid preparation of the present invention, the multivitamin in its prescription can be selected from vitamin A, Cobastab, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, nicotinic acid, the folic acid etc. one or more.
Select hard ester acid 225kg inputization batch can for use, be heated to 80 ℃, constantly stir, treat its whole fusings; To melt hard ester acid and pump into material-compound tank from change batch can, accurately the L lysine HCL 230kg of weighing drops into material-compound tank simultaneously, shear agitation 10 minutes, and temperature will be controlled at 80 ℃ therebetween; The material that mixed is imported storage tank, and heating-up temperature to 80～100 ℃; Start defeated material sprayer unit, proportioned material in the storage tank is passed through spraying granulation; Made finished particle is sieved the collection of sieving with the concussion of 24～80 orders.Obtain 448kg finished product lysine microcapsule formulation at last, particle diameter is at 200～700 μ m, and yield can reach 98.4%.
Replace above-mentioned lysine raw material with essential amino acid raw materials such as methionine, threonine, tryptophans, repeat above-mentioned steps, the result is basic identical.
Select hard ester acid and fatty powder 175kg (1: 1) inputization batch can for use, be heated to 80 ℃, constantly stir, treat its whole fusings; To melt hard ester acid and pump into material-compound tank with fatty powder from change batch can, accurately the L lysine HCL of weighing (purity 99%) 180kg drops into material-compound tank simultaneously, shear agitation 8 minutes, and temperature will be controlled at 80 ℃ therebetween; The material that mixed is imported storage tank, and heating-up temperature to 80～100 ℃; Start defeated material sprayer unit, proportioned material in the storage tank is granulated by spray chilling equipment; Made finished particle is sieved the collection of sieving with the concussion of 24～80 orders.Obtain 348kg finished product lysine microcapsule formulation at last, particle diameter is at 200～700 μ m, and yield can reach 99%.
Replace above-mentioned lysine raw material with essential amino acid raw materials such as methionine, threonine, tryptophans, repeat above-mentioned steps, the result is basic identical.
Select hard ester acid 100kg inputization batch can for use, heating is stirred to all fusings of hard ester acid, drop into 50 kilograms in the paraffin broken into pieces again, capsule material auxiliary material after the fusing is evenly pumped into material-compound tank from change batch can, start the material-compound tank shear pump, simultaneously feed grade DL-methionine raw material 100kg is slowly added material-compound tank, shear agitation 8～10 minutes makes methionine raw material and stearic acid, the fusing of paraffin compound evenly; The material that will mix then imports storage tank, and heating-up temperature to 80～90 ℃; Start defeated material sprayer unit, proportioned material in the storage tank is granulated by spray chilling equipment; Made finished particle is sieved the collection of sieving with the concussion of 30～80 orders.Methionine weight content in the finished product methionine microcapsule formulation that obtains at last is 40%.
Select hard ester acid 100kg inputization batch can for use, heating is stirred to all fusings of hard ester acid, drop into 50 kilograms in the paraffin broken into pieces again, capsule material auxiliary material after the fusing is evenly pumped into material-compound tank from change batch can, start the material-compound tank shear pump, simultaneously L-threonine raw material 150kg is slowly added material-compound tank, shear agitation 8～10 minutes makes threonine and stearic acid, the fusing of paraffin compound evenly; The material that will mix then imports storage tank, and heating-up temperature to 80～90 ℃; Start defeated material sprayer unit, proportioned material in the storage tank is granulated by spray chilling equipment; Made finished particle is sieved the collection of sieving with the concussion of 30～80 orders.Threonine weight content in the finished product methionine microcapsule formulation that obtains at last is 50%.
Test example one
Investigate and to replenish the influence of crystal methionine, lysine or methionine, lysine microcapsule formulation (50% content) in the feed free aminoacid content in crucian and the grass carp blood plasma.
1. test fish and feeding and management
The test grass carp is for cultivating average weight (20.27 ± 0.5) g then; Test crucian average weight (7.5 ± 0.5) g.The test fish is put in a suitable place to breed at indoor fiberglass Shui nationality case (among 100cm * 60cm * 50cm).Grass carp and crucian are respectively established 3 processed group: group 1 is common daily ration group, and group 2 is a crystal amino acid interpolation group, and group 3 is an amino acid microcapsule formulation interpolation group; Establish 2 repetitions for every group, every cylinder is put 30 tail fishes.The water source is the aeration running water.After the test fish conformed 5 days, begin the test feed of throwing something and feeding, day throwing rate of raising is 3～5% of a body weight, and throw something and feed twice in 9:00 and 17:00 every day.Remove ight soil in the case every morning, and change water 1/3, feeding time is 10 days.25 ± 1 ℃ of duration of test water temperatures, pH7.5 ± 0.5, dissolved oxygen＞6mg/L, chlorine residue＜0.1mg/L.
2. test and use feed
Table 1 crucian operational test daily ration prescription
Table 2 grass carp operational test daily ration prescription
3. testing index:
Index 1: test crucian, grass carp thrown raise behind back 0.5,1,1.5,2,2.5,3,6,9 and the 12h content of free amino acid in the blood;
Method: the tail vein is got blood, makes anti-coagulants with 1% heparin sodium aqua, and every cylinder is got 3 tail fish anticoagulations at every turn.Blood sample is put in the 1.5ml centrifuge tube behind the centrifugal 15min of 3000r/min, takes out supernatant and promptly obtains blood plasma.Blood plasma with 8% sulfosalicylic acid deproteinized after, the HPLC method is measured free lysine and methionine in the blood plasma.
Index 2: the dissolve-loss ratio of measuring the back two seed amino acid formulations of granulating.
Method: 6 groups of test feeds are got 10g respectively, place 100ml water 10min, during stir once every 2min, get 10ml determination of aqueous solution lysine equal size.This experiment repeats 3 times.
4. result of the test:
As a result 1:
Table 3 stop to throw something and feed the free lysine in back three test group blood plasma and the content of methionine
Unit: mg/100mL
As a result 2: free Met and Lys trend over time in the blood plasma
Trend is as shown in Figure 2 over time for free Met in three experimental group crucian blood plasma;
Trend is as shown in Figure 3 over time for free Lys in three experimental group crucian blood plasma;
Trend is as shown in Figure 4 over time for free Met in three experimental group grass carp blood plasma;
Trend is as shown in Figure 5 over time for free Lys in three experimental group grass carp blood plasma.
As a result 3: the dissolution rate measurement result
Two kinds of feeds of table 4 dissolution rate analytical unit: % in the water of different pH
5. conclusion (of pressure testing)
1. no matter be to replenish crystal amino acid or amino acid microcapsule formulation, all can effectively improve the free amino acid concentrations in test crucian and the grass carp blood plasma;
2. the addition of amino acid microcapsule formulation is 50% of a crystal amino acid, but the blood plasma amino acid concentration is more approaching, shows the loss of amino acid microcapsule formulation in the feed granulating process, and the lost crystal amino acid that is less than in water body;
3. peak time is all early than the peak time of amino acid microcapsule formulation in the blood plasma of two kinds of fishes for crystal amino acid, but the amino acid microcapsule formulation is more approaching consistent with the Argine Monohydrochloride peak time in the feed.
4. the dissolve-loss ratio of crystal amino acid is higher than the amino acid microcapsule formulation in the feed; In the alkalescent water body, the amino acid whose dissolve-loss ratio of two kinds of formulations all has the increase of certain amplitude.
Test example two
This test comes more common Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed, interpolation crystal lysine and adds culture efficiency between three kinds of feed of grass carp of amino acid microcapsule formulation by big pool culture experiment.
1. test fish: select for use average specification at the 1.9kg/ tail, the grass carp of physical health.
2. test pond condition: the contrast pool and the test pool are the hydrostatic soil pond of 5～6.5 mu of areas.Conditions such as the water source in three ponds, aerator configuration are identical, and the pond water quality condition is roughly similar.
3. test and use feed:
Feed formula: the feed formula on the contrast pool and two test pools sees Table 5.
Feed nutrient: the feed nutrient on the contrast pool and two test pools sees Table 6.
Table 6 is respectively organized the confirmed composition (%) and the formulation cost (unit/ton) of feed
4 test methods:
4.1 test is provided with: throw something and feed and do not add the common Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed of exogenous amino acid in the contrast pool.Test pool I throws something and feeds and adds the Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed of crystal amino acid; Test pool II throws something and feeds and adds the Ctenopharyngodon idellua feed of amino acid microcapsule formulation.
4.2 the situation of putting in a suitable place to breed: the specifically situation of putting in a suitable place to breed on the contrast pool and the test pool sees Table 7.
Table 7 is put the situation statistics in a suitable place to breed
4.3 feeding method: the contrast pool and the test pool all use automatic bait throwing in machine to throw something and feed, and an automatic bait throwing in machine is established on every pool.
4.4 day feeding rate: during the whole test, the contrast pool is identical with the day feeding rate on the test pool, is controlled between 2～2.5%.
4.5 day the number of times of throwing something and feeding: the number of times of throwing something and feeding day of the contrast pool, test pool II is 2 times, the time be the morning 8:00 and afternoon 15:30.The number of times of throwing something and feeding the day of test pool I is 8 times, and the time is between 7:00～16:00.
5. test results and analysis:
5.1 result of the test: the concrete results situation on the contrast pool and two test pools sees Table 8.
Table 8 result of the test
5.2 conclusion (of pressure testing)
From experimental result as can be seen, two test pools are not obviously increasing formulation cost, even under the prerequisite that slightly reduces of cost, by adding crystal lysine or micro-capsule lysine, replenish the amino acid in the feed of grass carp, and culture efficiency is obvious.
Throw something and feed and add the test pool I of crystal lysine, culture efficiency is similar to the test pool II that adds the amino acid microcapsule formulation, and number of times is 8 times but the day of test pool I throws something and feeds, and is difficult to promote in the breeding production practice, and operability is not strong.The number of times of throwing something and feeding the day of test pool II is identical with common fish meal, but has better culture efficiency.The water quality of testing pool II simultaneously is better than test pool I.Illustrate that the lysine microcapsule formulation not only has culture efficiency preferably, and the formulation cost of feed is low, culture benefit is high, little to the influence of breeding water body, so said preparation has good practicability and promotional value aborning.
Test example three
This experiment is the application test of amino acid microcapsule formulation in the Penaeus Vannmei feed
1.1 test prawn: be selected from East Sea Island, Zhanjiang shrimp seedling factory.The physical health of shrimp seedling, neat specification.Average specification is the 1cm/ tail.
1.2 test site: select the code test aquarium that is arranged in the indoor culture experiment factory building for use.Aquarium is drum type, recirculated water, blowing aeration formula.
1.3 test water source: adopt the seawater of handling after filtration
2. test method:
2.1 test is provided with: test being provided with 1 control group, and totally 4 groups of 3 experimental group are established 4 repetitions for every group, amount to 16 aquariums.Each aquarium is put 60 shrimp seedlings respectively.Feed formula that control group and experimental group are used and nutritional labeling see Table 9, table 10.
2.2 trial: throw something and feed every day 4 times.The feeding volume of all groups is identical.Day feeding rate is controlled at 8～10%.Whether draining every day once has residual feed, whether dead shrimp is arranged at the bottom of the inspection box.
Table 9 is respectively organized feeds utilized prescription (kg)
Nutritional labeling of each assembly side of table 10 (%) and formulation cost (unit)
3. result of the test
Result of the test sees Table 11.
Table 11 result of the test statistics
In the prescription of test group 1, experimental group 2, reduced by 8.7% and 17.4% imported fish meal respectively.Growth result and feed coefficient are basic and control group is approaching.Simultaneously, the formulation cost of feed is but compared according to group and has been reduced by 16 yuan/ton and 63 yuan/ton respectively, and especially experimental group 2, and its growth result and the cost of being saved are even more ideal.Results suggest:, can improve the utilization ratio of methionine, and suitably reduce the addition of imported fish meal in the shrimp feed by replenishing micro-capsule amino acid.
In test group 3, reduced by 26.1% fish meal, formulation cost has reduced by 112 yuan/ton than control group.Growth result has been compared a certain distance with feed coefficient with control group.By replenishing buffer-type micro-capsule amino acid, can reduce the consumption of imported fish meal in right amount.But after exceeding certain scope, the growth result of Penaeus Vannmei still can be affected.The growth of the animal protein raw material of high-quality to Penaeus Vannmei is described, still plays key effect.Results suggest:, only can reduce the consumption of imported fish meal within the specific limits by adjusting amino acid whose balance.
In the nutrient component meter of control group and experimental group prescription (table 10) as can be seen, the methionine content value of control group will be higher than experimental group 1 and experimental group 2.But reflect that from result of the test the actual growth result and the control group of experimental group 2 and test group 2 are close.Illustrate and add micro-capsule amino acid,,, can greatly improve the utilization ratio of synthesizing amino acid in the shrimp feed by the amino acid whose slow-releasing and controlled-releasing action of micro-capsule though on resin, directly do not reflect amino acid whose raising.
Industrial usability
Aquatic amino acid preparation involved in the present invention and preparation method thereof and the aquatic feeds that adds this aquatic amino acid preparation have higher value for applications.Feed addictive is after microencapsulation, and properties of product improve a lot.The amino acid that these were handled through micro-capsules, stability is enhanced, and loses minimumly in use, can be absorbed by aquatic animal effectively, thereby reduce pollution to environment, and the while has also been reduced production cost.
Should be noted that at last; above embodiment is only in order to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention but not limiting the scope of the invention; although the present invention has been done to explain with reference to preferred embodiment; those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that; can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not break away from the essence and the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (20)
1. aquatic amino acid preparation, it is characterized in that: described amino acid preparation is to include amino acid starting material and capsule material auxiliary material, and the amino acid microcapsule formulation of making through the microcapsule formulation preparation method.
2. aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the weight content of described amino acid starting material is 30～70%.
3. aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the weight content of described amino acid starting material is 50%.
4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described aquatic amino acid preparations, it is characterized in that: described amino acid starting material is the seed amino acid in lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan or related amino acid salt-forming compound or other aquatic products essential amino acids or the salt-forming compound of more than one kilnitamin.
5. aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described capsule material auxiliary material is fat-soluble capsule material auxiliary material.
6. aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described fat-soluble capsule material auxiliary material is seed capsules material auxiliary material in stearic acid, calcium stearate list glyceride, hard ester alcohol, saturated triglycerides, monoglyceride, paraffin, animal wax, vegetable wax, fatty powder, acrylic resin, the butadiene styrene vinyl pyridine latex or more than one mictocystis material auxiliary material.
7. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described aquatic amino acid preparations, it is characterized in that: the interpolation auxiliary material that includes non-capsule material auxiliary material in the described amino acid microcapsule formulation.
8. the preparation method of an aquatic amino acid preparation, it is characterized in that: the preparation method of described aquatic amino acid preparation is the microcapsule formulation preparation method, includes following steps:
1. amino acid starting material or salt-forming compound (and containing this interpolation auxiliary material when needing the interpolation auxiliary material of the non-capsule material auxiliary material of interpolation), capsule material auxiliary material are got the raw materials ready by compound method;
2. with described capsule material auxiliary material input materials device, heat, be stirred to described capsule material auxiliary material and all melt;
3. the described capsule material auxiliary material that has melted is imported proportioner from describedization materials device, and described amino acid starting material of having got the raw materials ready is dropped into described proportioner high speed emulsification shear agitation;
4. be incubated in the mixed material importing storage device with described proportioner high speed emulsification shear agitation gained; And start defeated material sprayer unit, microcapsule granule is made in the described mixed material spraying in the described storage device;
5. described microcapsule granule is cooled off through cooling system, and sieve to collect with concussion sieve and make amino acid microcapsule formulation finished product.
9. the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the capsule material auxiliary material of described input materials device is heated to 70～105 ℃ and be stirred to described capsule material auxiliary material and all melt.
10. the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: the described capsule material auxiliary material that has melted is imported described proportioner from describedization materials device, and described amino acid starting material of having got the raw materials ready was dropped into described proportioner high speed emulsification shear agitation 6～12 minutes.
11. the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the described mixed material of described proportioner high speed emulsification shear agitation gained imported in the described storage device in 70～100 ℃ of scopes, be incubated; And start described defeated material sprayer unit, described microcapsule granule is made in the described mixed material spraying in the described storage device.
12. according to Claim 8 or the preparation method of 11 described aquatic amino acid preparations, it is characterized in that: the transporting velocity of controlling described mixed material is 0.5～0.8m
3/ min, the atomizing disk rotating speed of described defeated material sprayer unit is 4000～6000r/min, environment temperature is that time control EAT is 10～12 ℃ more than 30 ℃, the control EAT was 15～22 ℃ when environment temperature was 20～29 ℃, and environment temperature is that the EAT of time control below 19 ℃ is 22～26 ℃.
13. according to Claim 8 or the preparation method of 11 described aquatic amino acid preparations, it is characterized in that: described defeated material sprayer unit is a hig h-speed centrifugal spray drying equipment.
14. the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described microcapsule granule is cooled off through described cooling system, and sieve to collect with 24～80 orders concussion sieve and make described amino acid microcapsule formulation finished product.
15. the preparation method of aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described microcapsule formulation preparation method's step adopts fully closed production procedure and fully closed material-transporting system.
16. an aquatic feeds that adds the aquatic amino acid preparation is characterized in that: the aquatic amino acid preparation of described interpolation is to include amino acid starting material and capsule material auxiliary material, and the amino acid microcapsule formulation of making through the microcapsule formulation preparation method.
17. the aquatic feeds of interpolation aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 16, it is characterized in that: the weight content of amino acid starting material is 30～70% described in the described amino acid microcapsule formulation, and described amino acid starting material is the seed amino acid in lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan or related amino acid salt-forming compound or other aquatic products essential amino acids or the salt-forming compound of more than one kilnitamin.
18. the aquatic feeds of interpolation aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 17 is characterized in that: the weight content of amino acid starting material is 50% described in the described amino acid microcapsule formulation.
19. the aquatic feeds of interpolation aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 16 is characterized in that: the weight content of its component prescription is
Fish meal 0～11%, dregs of beans 20～23%, rapeseed dregs 15～29%, the cottonseed dregs of rice 9～12%, inferior powder 15～35%, wheat bran 6～14%, mineral matter 0.5～1 weight %, multivitamin 0.25～0.5 weight %, Choline Chloride 0～0.5 weight %, soya-bean oil 0～1.0%, fish oil 0～1.2%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1～1.75%, amino acid microcapsule formulation 0.1～0.3%.
20. the aquatic feeds of interpolation aquatic amino acid preparation according to claim 19 is characterized in that: the weight content of its component prescription is
Fish meal 6～11%, dregs of beans 20～23%, rapeseed dregs 29%, the cottonseed dregs of rice 11%, inferior powder 15%, wheat bran 6.25～13.5%, mineral matter 0.5%, multivitamin 0.25%, Choline Chloride 0.5%, soya-bean oil 0.95～1.0%, fish oil 1.0～1.15%, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1.5～1.75%, amino acid microcapsule formulation 0.1～0.3%.
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