CN103097160A - 车辆 - Google Patents
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Abstract
抑制水等经由管道流入车载设备,与车载设备进行热交换的热交换介质在该管道中流动。车辆具有:蓄电池(30)、供用于对蓄电池(30)进行冷却的空气流动的管道、以及车辆的保险杠,所述管道的端部的开口部在所述保险杠的内侧与所述管道的外表面面对。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及具有使用流到管道的热交换介质进行车载设备的温度控制这种功能的车辆。
背景技术
已知有搭载有对搭载于车辆的车载设备的温度进行调节的温度调节构造的车辆。作为这种车辆,专利文献1公开了具有向电机供给冷却用空气的冷却用风扇的车辆。该风扇的空气取入口面对构成车体的后侧保险杠的背侧。
在先技术文献
专利文献1:日本特开平05-193375号公报
专利文献2:日本特开平08-244473号公报
专利文献3:日本特开平07-132859号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
但是,在专利文献1的结构中,在使风扇工作来取入空气时,有可能导致附着在后保险杠的内壁上的水等利用进行旋转动作的风扇的吸引作用而被吸入空气取入口。
于是,本发明的目的在于抑制水等经由供与车载设备进行热交换的热交换介质流动的管道流入车载设备。
用于解决课题的方案
为了解决上述课题,本发明的车辆的一个方案如下:
(1)一种车辆,其特征在于,具有车载设备以及管道,与所述车载设备进行热交换的热交换介质在该管道中流动,所述管道的端部的开口部与所述管道的外表面面对。
(2)在(1)的结构中,其特征在于,还具有车辆的保险杠,所述管道的端部的开口部在所述保险杠的内侧与所述管道的外表面面对。
(3)在(2)的结构中,所述开口部在车宽方向与所述管道的外表面面对。由于形成在保险杠内部的空间沿车宽方向延伸,因此,通过使开口部的开口方向处于车宽方向,可以扩展自开口部至位于与该开口部面对的方向的保险杠的内面的间隔。因此,附着在保险杠内部的水难以流向开口部。
(4)在(2)或(3)的结构中,优选为,在所述保险杠的底面形成有用于使所述管道导通到所述保险杠内的导通开口部,在所述导通开口部和所述管道之间形成间隙。根据(4)的结构,可以吸收使管道导通到保险杠内部时的组装误差。
(5)在(2)至(4)的结构中,可以构成为,所述管道是用于将与所述车载设备进行了热交换的热交换介质排出的排气用的管道,所述保险杠位于车辆后端部。根据(5)的结构,可以有效利用在车辆的后部保险杠内形成的空间。
(6)在(5)的结构中,可以构成为,所述管道具有管道端部,该管道端部具有所述开口部,所述管道端部具有钩状部。因具有钩状部,所以可以通过重力下落将一旦自开口部流入到了管道内的水排出到管道的外部。
(7)在(6)的结构中,可以构成为,所述管道端部具有第一弯曲部和位于该第一弯曲部的排气方向下游的第二弯曲部,所述第一弯曲部在所述开口部的开口方向上朝离开所述开口部的方向弯曲,所述第二弯曲部朝与所述第一弯曲部相反的方向弯曲。通过设置第一弯曲部,可以减小排气时的压力损失。
(8)在(1)~(7)的结构中,可以构成为,所述开口部设置在比车辆的允许水淹没的允许位置高的位置。在车辆的一部分被水淹没了时,可以抑制水自所述开口部流入所述管道内。
(9)在(1)~(8)的结构中,所述车载设备可以是蓄电池。可以抑制水流入蓄电池。
(10)在(9)的结构中,所述蓄电池可以位于车辆的地板的下表面。即便在将蓄电池配置在车室外的情况下,也可以抑制水流入蓄电池。
发明的效果
根据本发明,可以抑制水等经由供与车载设备进行热交换的热交换介质流动的管道流入车载设备。
附图说明
图1是蓄电池、进气管及排气管的组装完成图。
图2是车辆的后方立体图。
图3是后部保险杠的车宽方向上的局部剖面图。
图4是从车辆的下方看后部保险杠的图。
具体实施方式
参照附图说明本发明的实施方式。图1是进气管、蓄电池及排气管的组装完成图,为了使这些要素的车载位置明确而用虚线表示车辆的轮廓。图2是车辆的后方立体图,排气管的一部分用虚线图示。车辆1具有地板2及仪表板3。在地板2上固定有未图示的座席座位、控制箱等。
车辆1在车辆后端部具有后部保险杠20。后部保险杠20形成车辆的外部装饰。在后部保险杠20和车辆本体之间,在车辆前后方向形成有空间。如图2所示,如后所述排气管(管道)10的排气口(开口部)11及冲撞盒21位于在后部保险杠20和车辆本体之间形成的空间的内部。冲撞盒21位于车宽方向的大致中央。冲撞盒21在冲击作用于车辆时被破坏来吸收冲击。
车辆1具有蓄电池30。车辆1可以是利用蓄电池30的电力驱动电机并利用该电机的驱动力使车轮旋转的电气机动车。车辆1也可以是作为动力源而兼用利用蓄电池30的电力驱动电机并利用该电机的驱动力使车轮旋转的第一驱动路径和利用由内燃机得到的驱动力使车轮旋转的第二驱动路径的混合动力机动车。
蓄电池30固定在地板2的下表面、即地板2的车辆外侧的外表面。固定方法可以是使用了螺栓等的紧固方法。蓄电池30具有蓄电池盒31和未图示的多个单电池。这些单电池电连接并被收纳在蓄电池盒31的内部。单电池可以是锂离子电池、镍氢电池等二次电池。
进气管60及排气管10与蓄电池30连接。进气管60与蓄电池盒31的车辆前方侧的端部连接。排气管10与蓄电池盒31的车辆后方侧的端部连接。在进气管60的中途设置有风扇70。风扇70可以是多叶片风扇、横流风扇或者螺旋桨式风扇。
空气滤清器50位于进气管60的、风扇70的上游侧。进气口40位于进气管60的上游侧端部。空气滤清器50及进气口40位于车辆前方的发动机室5内。排气管10的排气口11位于后部保险杠20内。
若风扇70被驱动,则空气经由进气口40被导入进气管60内。导入到了进气管60的空气在空气滤清器50中被净化,尘埃等异物被除去。通过空气滤清器50净化后的空气流入蓄电池盒31内,对收纳在蓄电池盒31内的各单电池进行冷却。通过对蓄电池30进行冷却而使得温度上升了的空气流过排气管10自排气口11排出。
自排气口11排出的空气排放到车外而不流入车室内。因此,可以抑制车室内的温度因自排气口11排出的空气而上升。
接着,参照图1至图4详细说明排气管10。图3是排气管的Y向视图,图4是排气管的Z向视图。在本实施方式中,如下述说明的那样,通过多重防护来防止后部保险杠20内的水经由排气管10流入蓄电池30。在本实施方式中,基于如下两种观点来进行多重防护:第一,使水不流入排气管10的排气口11;第二,即便在水自排气口11流入的情况下,也不会到达蓄电池30。排气管10穿过保险杠开口部(导通开口部)20A延伸到后部保险杠20的内部。保险杠开口部20A形成在后部保险杠20的底面。保险杠开口部20A的径向尺寸被设定为比排气管10的径向尺寸大。因此,排气管10位于保险杠开口部20A的内缘部的内侧,在排气管10的外表面和保险杠开口部20A的内缘部之间形成有间隙。
像这样,通过在排气管10及保险杠开口部20A之间形成间隙,可以提高保险杠开口部20A内的排气管10的穿插位置的自由度。即,可以吸收将排气管10穿插到后部保险杠20内部时的组装误差。
后部保险杠20的内部空间除保险杠开口部20A之外被后部保险杠20覆盖。通过如上所述在密闭性好的空间内配置排气管10的排气口11,可以抑制水自排气口11流入。
排气管10可以位于后部保险杠20内部的车宽方向(X轴方向)的一端部。参照图4,排气管10具有自排气方向上游朝向排气方向下游向车辆左方弯曲的本体侧弯曲部(管道本体部)15。本体侧弯曲部15具有弯曲允许部16。弯曲允许部16可以是波纹形状。通过使弯曲允许部16弯曲,可以调整排气管10的斜度。
排气管10具有排气侧弯曲部(管道端部)12。排气侧弯曲部12具有排气口11。参照图3,排气侧弯曲部12在连接部10A与本体侧弯曲部15连接。本体侧弯曲部15及排气侧弯曲部12可以一体地成形。
排气口11的形状也可以是矩形。如图3中详细图示的那样,排气侧弯曲部12自排气方向上游侧依次具有第一排气侧弯曲部12A(第一弯曲部)及第二排气侧弯曲部12B(第二弯曲部)。
第一排气侧弯曲部12A在车宽方向朝离开排气口11的方向弯曲。像这样,因第一排气侧弯曲部12A朝离开排气口11的方向弯曲,因此可以抑制被排出的空气的压力损失。即,根据本实施方式的排气侧弯曲部12,与排气侧弯曲部12形成为例如U形的情况相比,可以减小压力损失。
第二排气侧弯曲部12B朝与第一排气侧弯曲部12A相反的方向弯曲。第二排气侧弯曲部12B具有沿着保险杠20的内面弯曲的部分。由此,可以抑制排气管10的排气面积减小。
在第二排气侧弯曲部12B的下游端部形成的排气口11位于比图3所示的水淹没允许位置高的位置。水淹没允许位置是表示车辆中允许水淹没的车高方向的位置的设计值。在水位达到了车辆1的后部保险杠20的位置时,水自保险杠开口部20A和排气管10之间的间隙流入后部保险杠20的内部。其结果是,后部保险杠20内部的一部分区域被水淹没。由于排气口11设置在比水淹没允许位置高的位置,因此,可以抑制水流入排气管10。
由于排气侧弯曲部12具有第二排气侧弯曲部12B,因此,可以抑制一旦自排气口11流入的水到达蓄电池30。即,自排气口11流入到了第二排气侧弯曲部12B的水沿着第二排气侧弯曲部12B的内面暂时朝向排气方向上游移动,但在到达第二排气侧弯曲部12B的上端部之前因重力而落下。
排气口11在车宽方向与排气管10的外表面相对。由此,流向排气口11的水在到达排气口11之前与排气管10接触,因此,可以抑制水流入排气口11。列举比较例更具体地说明通过使排气口11与排气管10的外表面相对而产生的效果。
作为比较例1,可考虑使排气口11朝向下方以避免与排气管10相对这种方法。但是,如上所述,在保险杠开口部20A和排气管10之间形成有间隙,存在泥等异物经由该间隙流入后部保险杠20内部的情况。通过自所述间隙朝向后部保险杠20的内部喷射清洗水,流入到了后部保险杠20内部的异物被除去。在排气口11朝向下方的情况下,喷射到了后部保险杠20内部的清洗水有可能直接朝向排气口11在排气管10内向上游流动。
作为比较例2,可考虑在排气口11的附近配置未图示的挡板来防止水的流入的方法。但是,对于该方法而言,需要用于配置挡板的空间,进而,与挡板的配置相应地成本增大,有可能导致产生压力损失。
根据本实施方式的结构,可以消除在比较例1及2中产生的问题。即,根据本实施方式的结构,由于流向排气口11的清洗水与排气管10的外表面接触,因此,可以抑制清洗水流入排气管10内。其结果是,也可以省略比较例2的挡板。因独立的挡板被省略,因此,可以谋求通过削减零部件数量而带来的低成本化。
另外,根据本实施方式的结构,即便将蓄电池30搭载在车外,也可以抑制水自排气管10流入蓄电池30的内部。
(变形例1)
在上述实施方式中,对用于排出蓄电池的冷却所使用的制冷剂的排气管进行了说明,但本发明并不限于此。本发明可以应用于搭载于车辆且需要进行冷却的所有的发热设备的排气管。该发热设备包括逆变器、转换器。逆变器将转换器输出的直流电压转换为三相交流电并向驱动车轮的电机输出。另外,逆变器伴随着再生制动使电机发出的电力返回转换器。转换器在行驶时作为升压转换器进行工作,在再生制动时作为降压电路进行工作。
(变形例2)
在排气管10内部流动的空气可以是在极低温时为了使蓄电池30升温以提高蓄电池30的输出而被供给的热风(热交换介质)。
(变形例3)
在上述实施方式中,排气口11及进气管10在车宽方向相对,但本发明并不限于此,也可以在车辆前后方向等其他方向相对。
(变形例4)
本发明也可以应用于进气管60。即,进气管60的进气口40位于与进气管60的外表面相对的位置。进气口40位于前部保险杠的内部。
(变形例5)
排气侧弯曲部12并不限于上述实施方式的形状,也可以是其他的钩形状。在此,钩形状换句话说是折返形状。由于具有折返形状,所以可以通过重力下落来排出自排气口11流入的水。钩形状可以是U形、J形。
附图标记说明
10 排气管 11 排气口 12 排气侧弯曲部
12A 第一排气侧弯曲部 12B 第二排气侧弯曲部
20 后部保险杠 20A 保险杠开口部
Claims (10)
1.一种车辆,其特征在于,具有:
车载设备;以及
管道,与所述车载设备进行热交换的热交换介质在该管道中流动,
所述管道的端部的开口部与所述管道的外表面面对。
2.如权利要求1所述的车辆,其特征在于,
所述车辆还具有车辆的保险杠,
所述管道的端部的开口部在所述保险杠的内侧与所述管道的外表面面对。
3.如权利要求2所述的车辆,其特征在于,
所述开口部在车宽方向与所述管道的外表面面对。
4.如权利要求2或3所述的车辆,其特征在于,
在所述保险杠的底面形成有用于使所述管道导通到所述保险杠内的导通开口部,
在所述导通开口部和所述管道之间形成有间隙。
5.如权利要求2~4中任一项所述的车辆,其特征在于,
所述管道是用于将与所述车载设备进行了热交换的热交换介质排出的排气用的管道,
所述保险杠位于车辆后端部。
6.如权利要求5所述的车辆,其特征在于,
所述管道具有管道端部,该管道端部具有所述开口部,
所述管道端部具有钩状部。
7.如权利要求6所述的车辆,其特征在于,
所述管道端部具有第一弯曲部和位于该第一弯曲部的排气方向下游的第二弯曲部,
所述第一弯曲部在所述开口部的开口方向上朝离开所述开口部的方向弯曲,
所述第二弯曲部朝与所述第一弯曲部相反的方向弯曲。
8.如权利要求1~7中任一项所述的车辆,其特征在于,
所述开口部设置在比车辆的允许水淹没的允许位置高的位置。
9.如权利要求1~8中任一项所述的车辆,其特征在于,
所述车载设备是蓄电池。
10.如权利要求9所述的车辆,其特征在于,
所述蓄电池位于车辆的地板的下表面。
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EP (1) | EP2612778B1 (zh) |
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CN108790630A (zh) * | 2017-04-27 | 2018-11-13 | 福特全球技术公司 | 道路水检测 |
CN110861487A (zh) * | 2018-08-27 | 2020-03-06 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | 车辆的管道结构体 |
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JP6535570B2 (ja) * | 2015-10-20 | 2019-06-26 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 車両 |
JP6631565B2 (ja) * | 2017-03-08 | 2020-01-15 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両のダクト構造 |
JP6965781B2 (ja) * | 2018-02-13 | 2021-11-10 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | ダクト開口部構造 |
JP2020032742A (ja) | 2018-08-27 | 2020-03-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 車両のダクト構造 |
JP7191290B2 (ja) * | 2018-12-26 | 2022-12-19 | マツダ株式会社 | バッテリ搭載装置 |
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US20130153312A1 (en) | 2013-06-20 |
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EP2612778B1 (en) | 2015-01-21 |
US9669703B2 (en) | 2017-06-06 |
CN103097160B (zh) | 2016-01-20 |
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JPWO2012029088A1 (ja) | 2013-10-28 |
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