CN103084715B - The laser pre-treated of a kind of titanium plate and aluminium sheet fills silk TIG welding method - Google Patents
The laser pre-treated of a kind of titanium plate and aluminium sheet fills silk TIG welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103084715B CN103084715B CN201310040621.8A CN201310040621A CN103084715B CN 103084715 B CN103084715 B CN 103084715B CN 201310040621 A CN201310040621 A CN 201310040621A CN 103084715 B CN103084715 B CN 103084715B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 claims description 5
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- WLTSUBTXQJEURO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium tungsten Chemical compound [W].[Th] WLTSUBTXQJEURO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 241000538562 Banjos Species 0.000 description 3
- UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;titanium Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ti] UQZIWOQVLUASCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001051 Magnalium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The laser pre-treated that the invention provides a kind of titanium plate and aluminium sheet fills silk TIG welding method, and the present invention first adopts and carries out immersion process to titanium plate part to be welded, the aluminized coating with preferred thickness of formation; Then laser instrument is adopted to carry out pretreatment to the side edge surface through aluminising that titanium plate is to be welded, irradiated surface temperature is made to increase rapidly, thus make the accelerated fusing of the aluminium of aluminized coating, thus make aluminium element and the counterdiffusion of titanium elements phase, form the stable intermediate layer more easily combined, then in welding process, fusing filling metal and the abundant melt-blended after coagulation of aluminium sheet mother metal form weld seam.The present invention has and enhances productivity, and improves joint performance, easy to operate advantage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the welding technology field of foreign material, particularly the laser pre-treated of a kind of titanium plate and aluminium sheet fills silk TIG welding method.
Background technology
Titanium plate have lightweight, intensity is large, heat resistance is strong, many excellent characteristics such as corrosion-resistant, being described as " following metal ", is the new structural material with development prospect.The application of titanium plate relates to many fields, the most outstanding with the application in aerospace field.Aluminium alloy is main structural material in aircraft manufacturing, the crucial load bearing component of major part (as wing, shell, empennage etc.) is manufactured by aluminium alloy, titanium and titanium alloys not only has very important application in aviation, space travel industry, and has started extensive use in many industrial departments such as chemical industry, oil, light industry, metallurgy, generating.Aluminium has the advantages such as specific strength is high, processability good, Physical and mechanical properties is superior, anticorrosive, is considered to material the most economical and the most practical in a lot of application.Under most of environmental condition, be included in air, water (or salt solution), petrochemistry and a lot of chemical system, aluminium can demonstrate excellent corrosion resistance.The surface of aluminium has the reflectivity of height.Aluminium demonstrates excellent electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity usually, and some special aluminum alloy with high resistivity are also succeeded in developing, and these alloys can be used in the motor as high torque (HT).Aluminium is often selected due to its excellent conductivity.On equiponderant basis, the electrical conductivity of aluminium is bordering on the twice of copper.Because titanium plate and aluminium alloy have some special performance, Ti and A1 composite component is applied at aerospace field and chemical industry electrolytic industry as a kind of new structural material, Ti/Al composite construction has good stability, heat-insulating sound-insulating and the performance such as high temperature resistant, the characteristic potentiality of bi-material can be played to greatest extent, the application industrially of titanium plate and aluminium is extremely important, have the field that a lot of industry intersects, this makes the connection of aluminium and titanium significant.
But the connection difficulty of aluminium and titanium is very large.The physicochemical properties (as fusing point, crystal structure, thermal conductivity factor, thermal coefficient of expansion etc.) of titanium and aluminium differ greatly, particularly very easily there is embrittlement when heating and cooling in titanium, the reliable connection adopting conventional fusion welding method to realize Ti and A1 acquires a certain degree of difficulty, when reaching the fusing point of Ti, A1 melting loss of elements evaporates.Ti is active metal, and start strong oxidation at 300 DEG C, temperatures decrease oxygen voltinism is more serious, generates TiO
2deng oxide, crisp hard Ti-A1 intermetallic compound brittle layer is formed in weld seam, make weld seam embrittlement or produce, namely in welding process, because the solubility at ambient temperature between Ti and Al is minimum, because the ermal physics chemical property between aluminium titanium differs greatly, the intermetallic compound of a large amount of fragility can be produced when welding by traditional welding method, thus affect joint performance.At present, traditional welding method of Ti/Al different alloys mainly contains electric arc and melts soldering, diffusion welding (DW), soldering, friction welding (FW) etc.
Electric arc heated is concentrated, and heat input is little, easy to operate, efficient energy-saving easily is automated again, and this welding method pricker post welding distortion is very little, insensitive to fit-up gap, and the heat time is short, consume little, cost is low, and the thermal treatment zone is narrow, heat more concentrated, heat input is little, and heat affected area is narrow, and pricker post welding distortion is little.But connect in shaping process realizing aluminium titanium dissimilar metal, if adopt general simple arc brazing method, welding process has following shortcoming: the heat radiation of titanium is large, existing equipment is expensive, the production cycle is long.
The vacuum diffusion welding of Ti and Al of the scholar's research such as Li Yajiang, and the tissue near diffuse interface and micro structure analyzed.But diffusion welding (DW) is that two weldments are closely superimposed, contact area is comparatively large, and needs in vacuum or protective atmosphere, keeps a period of time, make the atom phase counterdiffusion between contact surface complete welding under uniform temperature and pressure.But this method to welding procedure and parameter request higher, easily cause the compound component of weld and organize not of uniform size causing, and this welding method requires vacuum environment compacted under, from economical production, cost is comparatively large, is not suitable for aluminium titanium material in enormous quantities and connects shaping.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the deficiency solving above-mentioned existing solder technology, provides the laser pre-treated of a kind of titanium plate and aluminium sheet to fill silk TIG welding method.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme, and the laser pre-treated of titanium plate of the present invention and aluminium sheet fills silk TIG welding method, comprises the following steps:
1) select thickness to be titanium plate and the aluminium sheet of the equal thickness of 3-5mm, the joint of titanium plate and aluminium sheet is outputed the 20 ° ~ groove of 40 ° and the root face of 1 ~ 2mm of equidimension;
2) first polished step by step with 400 orders, 500 orders, 600 orders, 800 orders, 1000 order abrasive paper for metallograph on soldered surface, then, soak cleaning is carried out again in the surface for above-mentioned polishing, removes metal surface adsorption layer and oxide-film, and aluminium sheet is at configuration HNO
3: HCl ratio is clean 30 seconds in the mixed acid dilution of 1:3, and titanium plate cleans 10 seconds in the HF solution of 5%, and cleaning temperature is room temperature, again with acetone cleaning after washing, then dries;
3) solution of following proportioning is prepared: 93%-94% commercial-purity aluminium, 4% Fe and 2%-3% Si, then immersion process is carried out to titanium plate part to be welded, the time of staying is 22-28 minute, and heating-up temperature is 690-720 DEG C, and the plating aluminum layer thickness of formation controls at 80-130 μm;
4) through the side edge surface of aluminising, laser pre-treated is adopted to titanium plate, output wavelength is adopted to be the neodymium doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser of 1064nm, focus lamp focal length is 170-180mm, the absolute value of the side edge surface that laser spot distance titanium plate is to be welded is 2.8-3.5 mm, export continuous wave laser, pretreatment laser power 2 ~ 3 kW, sweep speed is 1.5 ~ 2.5 m/min, pretreated titanium plate while translation also with the direction of translation vertical on move back and forth, rate travel is 1.2 ~ 2m/min;
5) employing diameter is the magnadure welding wire of 2-3mm, and its mass percent composition is:
Magnesium: 4.2-4.35%, silicon: 0.09-0.12 %, manganese: 0.12-0.2 %, iron: 0.25-0.4 %, carbon: 0.05-0.1 %, titanium: 0.05-0.15 %, phosphorus: 0.05-0.07%, surplus is aluminium;
Welding wire is immersed 50%H
2o+50%HNO
3solution, rinses post-drying with clear water after 15-20min, then polishes with sand paper;
6) titanium plate and aluminium sheet are carried out docking in same plane placing, fit-up gap is 0.06mm-0.12mm;
7) first butt-welding fitting front and back logical argon shield 8-10min simultaneously, protective gas is the argon gas that purity is greater than 99.98%; Adopt the TIG welding that fills silk again, argon arc welding adopts tungsten-thorium electrode, and the content of tungsten is 99.9%, tungsten electrode diameter 1.8-2.8mm, and end is taper; Technological parameter is: weldingvoltage 12V, welding current 80-120A, and speed of welding is 60-90mm/min, and argon flow amount is 8-10L/min; In welding process, keep 60-75 ° of angle between welding wire and weldment, welding wire steadily, uniformly sends into molten bath along front end, molten bath;
8), after welding terminates, logical argon shield 6-10min is continued.
As preferred embodiment, focus lamp focal length is 175mm, and laser spot distance titanium plate side edge surface to be welded is 2.9-3.3 mm.
As preferred embodiment, titanium plate and aluminium sheet carry out docking placing in same plane, and the fit-up gap at the narrowest place is 0.1mm.
With titanium and aluminum surface layer be directly superimposed together carry out welding and exist at combination interface place interrupted micro-crack, joint bond strength very low unlike, the present invention first adopts and carries out immersion process to titanium plate part to be welded, the aluminized coating with preferred thickness of formation; Then laser instrument is adopted to carry out pretreatment to the side edge surface through aluminising that titanium plate is to be welded, irradiated surface temperature is made to increase rapidly, thus make the accelerated fusing of the aluminium of aluminized coating, thus make aluminium element and the counterdiffusion of titanium elements phase, form the stable intermediate layer more easily combined, for follow-up soldering creates condition, too harsh welding condition and step can be used; Simultaneously, after laser treatment, self-quench hardening is carried out on the surface to be welded of titanium plate, crystallite dimension obtains obvious refinement, the refinement of crystal grain means that crystal boundary increases, under identical external cooling and thermal weld stress condition, welding heat affected zone obviously reduces, and welding heat loss also obviously reduces, contribute to the enforcement of follow-up welding process, and be conducive to the homogenising of welding point microstructure.Make to realize being connected by intermediate layer at titanium plate and aluminium sheet finally by welding, the present invention adopts the fusing point of constituent optimization to be the magnalium welding wire of 640-670 DEG C, in welding process, filler wire filling metal and the abundant melt-blended after coagulation of aluminium alloy mother metal form weld seam, and there is obvious fusion area; There is not fusion defects in whole welding process, weld hot cracking tendency and organize heat affected area, jointing quality and stability better; Overcome existing melting welding interface temperature too high time easily cause the partial melting of high-melting-point mother metal titanium plate thus form the defect of blocked up intermetallic compounds layer, avoid the generation of crackle, from the plasticity and the toughness that improve weld seam.Simple to operate, cost is low, good connecting effect.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, reduce vacuum environment welding cost, and improve production efficiency, improve joint performance, easy to operate.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
1) select thickness to be TC4 titanium plate and the LF6 aluminium sheet of the equal thickness of 3mm, the joint of titanium plate and aluminium sheet is outputed the groove of 20 ° and the root face of 1mm of equidimension;
2) first polished step by step with 400 orders, 500 orders, 600 orders, 800 orders, 1000 order abrasive paper for metallograph on soldered surface, then, soak cleaning is carried out again in the surface for above-mentioned polishing, removes metal surface adsorption layer and oxide-film, and aluminium sheet is at configuration HNO
3: HCl ratio is clean 30 seconds in the mixed acid dilution of 1:3, and titanium plate cleans 10 seconds in the HF solution of 5%, and cleaning temperature is room temperature, again with acetone cleaning after washing, then dries;
3) prepare the solution of following proportioning: 93% commercial-purity aluminium, 4% Fe and 3% Si, then carry out immersion process to titanium plate part to be welded, the time of staying is 22 minutes, and heating-up temperature is 690 DEG C, and the plating aluminum layer thickness of formation controls at 80 μm;
4) through the side edge surface of aluminising, laser pre-treated is adopted to titanium plate, output wavelength is adopted to be the neodymium doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser of 1064nm, focus lamp focal length is 170mm, the absolute value of the side edge surface that laser spot distance titanium plate is to be welded is 3.1-3.5 mm, export continuous wave laser, pretreatment laser power 2kW, sweep speed is 1.5m/min, pretreated titanium plate while translation also with the direction of translation vertical on move back and forth, rate travel is 2m/min;
5) employing diameter is the magnadure welding wire of 2mm, and its mass percent composition is:
Magnesium: 4.2%, silicon: 0.09 %, manganese: 0.12 %, iron: 0.25 %, carbon: 0.05 %, titanium: 0.05 %, phosphorus: 0.05%, surplus is aluminium;
Welding wire is immersed 50%H
2o+50%HNO
3solution, rinses post-drying with clear water after 15min, then polishes with sand paper;
6) titanium plate and aluminium sheet are carried out docking in same plane placing, fit-up gap is 0.06mm;
7) first butt-welding fitting front and back logical argon shield 8min simultaneously, protective gas is the argon gas that purity is greater than 99.98%; Adopt the TIG welding that fills silk again, argon arc welding adopts tungsten-thorium electrode, and the content of tungsten is 99.9%, tungsten electrode diameter 1.8mm, and end is taper; Technological parameter is: weldingvoltage 12V, welding current 80A, and speed of welding is 60mm/min, and argon flow amount is 8L/min; In welding process, keep 60 ° of angles between welding wire and weldment, welding wire steadily, uniformly sends into molten bath along front end, molten bath;
8), after welding terminates, logical argon shield 6min is continued.
The TC4 titanium plate obtained and LF6 aluminium sheet banjo fixing butt jointing appearance of weld attractive in appearance.Do not find the microdefect such as crackle, pore through metallography microscope sem observation, connector area combines good, and the shear strength of welding point is 245MPa.
Embodiment 2:
1) selection thickness is TC4 titanium plate and the LF6 aluminium sheet of the equal thickness of 4mm, and the joint of titanium plate and aluminium sheet is outputed the groove of 40 ° of equidimension and the root face of 1.5 mm;
2) first polished step by step with 400 orders, 500 orders, 600 orders, 800 orders, 1000 order abrasive paper for metallograph on soldered surface, then, soak cleaning is carried out again in the surface for above-mentioned polishing, removes metal surface adsorption layer and oxide-film, and aluminium sheet is at configuration HNO
3: HCl ratio is clean 30 seconds in the mixed acid dilution of 1:3, and titanium plate cleans 10 seconds in the HF solution of 5%, and cleaning temperature is room temperature, again with acetone cleaning after washing, then dries;
3) prepare the solution of following proportioning: 93% commercial-purity aluminium, 4% Fe and 3% Si, then carry out immersion process to titanium plate part to be welded, the time of staying is 22 minutes, and heating-up temperature is 690 DEG C, and the plating aluminum layer thickness of formation controls at 80 μm;
4) through the side edge surface of aluminising, laser pre-treated is adopted to titanium plate, output wavelength is adopted to be the neodymium doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser of 1064nm, focus lamp focal length is 175mm, the absolute value of the side edge surface that laser spot distance titanium plate is to be welded is 2.9-3.3 mm, export continuous wave laser, pretreatment laser power 2.5 kW, sweep speed is 2 m/min, pretreated titanium plate while translation also with the direction of translation vertical on move back and forth, rate travel is 1.5m/min;
5) employing diameter is the magnadure welding wire of 2.5mm, and its mass percent composition is:
Magnesium: 4.28 %, silicon: 0.1 %, manganese: 0.15 %, iron: 0.35 %, carbon: 0.08 %, titanium: 0.09 %, phosphorus: 0.06 %, surplus is aluminium;
Welding wire is immersed 50%H
2o+50%HNO
3solution, rinses post-drying with clear water after 20min, then polishes with sand paper;
6) titanium plate and aluminium sheet are carried out docking in same plane placing, the fit-up gap at the narrowest place is 0.1mm;
7) first butt-welding fitting front and back logical argon shield 8min simultaneously, protective gas is the argon gas that purity is greater than 99.98%; Adopt the TIG welding that fills silk again, argon arc welding adopts tungsten-thorium electrode, and the content of tungsten is 99.9%, tungsten electrode diameter 2.5mm, and end is taper; Technological parameter is: weldingvoltage 12V, welding current 90A, and speed of welding is 70mm/min, and argon flow amount is 9L/min; In welding process, keep 70 ° of angles between welding wire and weldment, welding wire steadily, uniformly sends into molten bath along front end, molten bath;
8), after welding terminates, logical argon shield 8min is continued.
Because the present embodiment adopts laser instrument to carry out pretreatment to the side edge surface through aluminising that titanium plate is to be welded, irradiated surface temperature is made to increase rapidly, thus make the accelerated fusing of the aluminium of aluminized coating, thus make aluminium element and the counterdiffusion of titanium elements phase, form the stable intermediate layer more easily combined, simultaneously, after laser treatment, self-quench hardening is carried out on the surface to be welded of titanium plate, crystallite dimension obtains obvious refinement, the refinement of crystal grain means that crystal boundary increases, the conduction of welding heat is subject to larger obstruction, under identical external cooling and thermal weld stress condition, welding heat affected zone obviously reduces, welding heat loss also obviously reduces, contribute to the enforcement of follow-up welding process, and be conducive to the homogenising of welding point microstructure.The TC4 titanium plate obtained and LF6 aluminium sheet banjo fixing butt jointing appearance of weld attractive in appearance.Do not find the microdefect such as crackle, pore through metallography microscope sem observation, connector area combines good, and the shear strength of welding point is 249MPa.
Embodiment 3:
1) select thickness be the equal thickness of 5mm TC4 titanium plate and LF6 aluminium sheet, the joint of titanium plate and aluminium sheet is outputed the groove of 30 ° of equidimension and the root face of 2 mm;
2) first polished step by step with 400 orders, 500 orders, 600 orders, 800 orders, 1000 order abrasive paper for metallograph on soldered surface, then, soak cleaning is carried out again in the surface for above-mentioned polishing, removes metal surface adsorption layer and oxide-film, and aluminium sheet is at configuration HNO
3: HCl ratio is clean 30 seconds in the mixed acid dilution of 1:3, and titanium plate cleans 10 seconds in the HF solution of 5%, and cleaning temperature is room temperature, again with acetone cleaning after washing, then dries;
3) first prepare the solution of following proportioning: 94% commercial-purity aluminium, 4% Fe and 2%Si, then carry out immersion process to titanium plate part to be welded, the time of staying is 28 minutes, and heating-up temperature is 720 DEG C, and the plating aluminum layer thickness of formation controls at 130 μm;
4) through the side edge surface of aluminising, laser pre-treated is adopted to titanium plate, output wavelength is adopted to be the neodymium doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser of 1064nm, focus lamp focal length is 180mm, the absolute value of the side edge surface that laser spot distance titanium plate is to be welded is 2.8-3.2 mm, export continuous wave laser, pretreatment laser power 2 ~ 3 kW, sweep speed is 2.5 m/min, pretreated titanium plate while translation also with the direction of translation vertical on move back and forth, rate travel is 2 m/min;
5) employing diameter is the magnadure welding wire of 3mm, and its mass percent composition is:
Magnesium: 4.35 %, silicon: 0.12 %, manganese 0.2 %, iron: 0.4 %, carbon: 0.1 %, titanium: 0.15 %, phosphorus: 0.07 %, surplus is aluminium;
Welding wire is immersed 50%H
2o+50%HNO
3solution, rinses post-drying with clear water after 18min, then polishes with sand paper;
6) titanium plate and aluminium sheet are carried out docking in same plane placing, fit-up gap is 0.12mm;
7) first butt-welding fitting front and back logical argon shield 8-10min simultaneously, protective gas is the argon gas that purity is greater than 99.98%; Adopt the TIG welding that fills silk again, argon arc welding adopts tungsten-thorium electrode, and the content of tungsten is 99.9%, tungsten electrode diameter 2.8mm, and end is taper; Technological parameter is: weldingvoltage 12V, welding current 120A, and speed of welding is 90 mm/min, and argon flow amount is 10 L/min; In welding process, keep 75 ° of angles between welding wire and weldment, welding wire steadily, uniformly sends into molten bath along front end, molten bath;
8), after welding terminates, logical argon shield 10min is continued.
The TC4 titanium plate obtained and LF6 aluminium sheet banjo fixing butt jointing appearance of weld attractive in appearance.Do not find the microdefect such as crackle, pore through metallography microscope sem observation, connector area combines good, and the shear strength of welding point is 254 MPa.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly example being described, and the restriction not to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And thus the apparent change of extending out or variation be still within the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. the laser pre-treated of titanium plate and aluminium sheet fills silk a TIG welding method, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) select thickness to be titanium plate and the aluminium sheet of the equal thickness of 3-5mm, the joint of titanium plate and aluminium sheet is outputed the 20 ° ~ groove of 40 ° and the root face of 1 ~ 2mm of equidimension;
2) first polished step by step with 400 orders, 500 orders, 600 orders, 800 orders, 1000 order abrasive paper for metallograph on soldered surface, then, soak cleaning is carried out again in the surface for above-mentioned polishing, removes metal surface adsorption layer and oxide-film, and aluminium sheet is at configuration HNO
3: HCl ratio is clean 30 seconds in the mixed acid dilution of 1:3, and titanium plate cleans 10 seconds in the HF solution of 5%, and cleaning temperature is room temperature, again with acetone cleaning after washing, then dries;
3) solution of following proportioning is prepared: 93%-94% commercial-purity aluminium, 4% Fe and 2%-3% Si, then immersion process is carried out to titanium plate part to be welded, the time of staying is 22-28 minute, and heating-up temperature is 690-720 DEG C, and the plating aluminum layer thickness of formation controls at 80-130 μm;
4) through the side edge surface of aluminising, laser pre-treated is adopted to titanium plate, output wavelength is adopted to be the neodymium doped yttrium aluminium garnet laser of 1064nm, focus lamp focal length is 170-180mm, the absolute value of the side edge surface that laser spot distance titanium plate is to be welded is 2.8-3.5 mm, export continuous wave laser, pretreatment laser power 2 ~ 3 kW, sweep speed is 1.5 ~ 2.5 m/min, pretreated titanium plate while translation also with the direction of translation vertical on move back and forth, rate travel is 1.2 ~ 2m/min;
5) employing diameter is the magnadure welding wire of 2-3mm, and its mass percent composition is:
Magnesium: 4.2-4.35%, silicon: 0.09-0.12 %, manganese: 0.12-0.2 %, iron: 0.25-0.4 %, carbon: 0.05-0.1 %, titanium: 0.05-0.15 %, phosphorus: 0.05-0.07%, surplus is aluminium;
Welding wire is immersed 50%H
2o+50%HNO
3solution, rinses post-drying with clear water after 15-20min, then polishes with sand paper;
6) titanium plate and aluminium sheet are carried out docking in same plane placing, fit-up gap is 0.06mm-0.12mm;
7) first butt-welding fitting front and back logical argon shield 8-10min simultaneously, protective gas is the argon gas that purity is greater than 99.98%; Adopt the TIG welding that fills silk again, argon arc welding adopts tungsten-thorium electrode, and the content of tungsten is 99.9%, tungsten electrode diameter 1.8-2.8mm, and end is taper; Technological parameter is: weldingvoltage 12V, welding current 80-120A, and speed of welding is 60-90mm/min, and argon flow amount is 8-10L/min; In welding process, keep 60-75 ° of angle between welding wire and weldment, welding wire steadily, uniformly sends into molten bath along front end, molten bath;
8), after welding terminates, logical argon shield 6-10min is continued.
2. the laser pre-treated of titanium plate according to claim 1 and aluminium sheet fills silk TIG welding method, and it is characterized in that, focus lamp focal length is preferably 175mm, and laser spot distance titanium plate side edge surface to be welded is 2.9-3.3 mm.
3. the laser pre-treated of titanium plate according to claim 1 and 2 and aluminium sheet fills silk TIG welding method, and it is characterized in that, titanium plate and aluminium sheet carry out docking placing in same plane, and the fit-up gap at the narrowest place is 0.1mm.
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