CN104084658A - Diffusion brazing connecting method for contact reaction of magnesium alloy and steel - Google Patents
Diffusion brazing connecting method for contact reaction of magnesium alloy and steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104084658A CN104084658A CN201410310776.3A CN201410310776A CN104084658A CN 104084658 A CN104084658 A CN 104084658A CN 201410310776 A CN201410310776 A CN 201410310776A CN 104084658 A CN104084658 A CN 104084658A
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- magnesium alloy
- steel
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- brazing
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-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
Abstract
The invention discloses a diffusion brazing connecting method for a contact reaction of magnesium alloy and steel, and belongs to the field of dissimilar material connection. The melting point of the magnesium alloy is 650 DEG C only, and the magnesium alloy is sensitive to the welding temperature. Magnesium and steel are dissimilar materials. Particularly, the melting points and the linear expansion coefficients of the two dissimilar materials remarkably differ from each other, so that the welding difficulty of the magnesium and the steel is increased. The diffusion brazing connecting method comprises the steps that an intermediate pure copper layer is manufactured on the surface of the magnesium alloy, so that the magnesium alloy/Cu/steel brazing structure is formed in a combined mode; the magnesium alloy/Cu/steel brazing structure is fixedly arranged inside a vacuum diffusion furnace, the pressure of junction surfaces ranges from 0.0375 MPa to 0.2 MPa, the magnesium alloy/Cu/steel brazing structure is heated, the temperature of the magnesium alloy/Cu/steel brazing structure is kept constant, then, the magnesium alloy/Cu/steel brazing structure is reheated, the temperature of the magnesium alloy/Cu/steel brazing structure is kept constant, heating is stopped, the magnesium alloy/Cu/steel brazing structure is cooled with the furnace until the temperature of the magnesium alloy/Cu/steel brazing structure is smaller than 150 DEG C, and diffusion brazing connection of the contact reaction of the magnesium alloy and the steel is achieved. According to the diffusion brazing connecting method, the welding temperature is lower, the influence on the parent metal is small, no brazing filter metal is needed, the large surrounding and small surrounding phenomena are avoided, the aim that no defects (relative fusion welding) exist in brazing joints of welding of the magnesium alloy and the dissimilar metal is achieved to a certain degree, and the shearing strength of the brazing joints at indoor temperature can reach 39.6 MPa.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to foreign material interconnection technique field, be specifically related to the haptoreaction diffusion brazing method of attachment of magnesium alloy and steel.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy is the lightest structural metallic materials of quality of current practical application, is called as " the green engineering environment-friendly materials of 21 century ".Because it has density little, (be only 1.74g/cm
3), specific strength and specific stiffness are high, and damping property and diamagnetism are good, are easy to the series of advantages such as machining and recovery, at industrial circles such as automobile, electronics, electrical equipment, traffic, Aeronautics and Astronautics and national defence, have extremely important using value and prospect.Yet the application of magnesium alloy inevitably can run into the connectivity problem with steel, thus develop the efficient welding technology of magnesium alloy and steel, particularly for lightweight labyrinth and need the connection of large area parts to seem particularly urgent.
The fusing point of magnesium alloy is lower, is only 650 ℃, very sensitive to welding temperature, and oxidation and the Evaporation Phenomenon of magnesium alloy easily occurs in traditional fusion process, and magnesium alloy is also easy to be oxidized even at normal temperatures.Magnesium steel belongs to foreign material, and its physical and chemical performance differs larger, and especially the fusing point of bi-material, linear expansion coefficient differ significantly, have greatly increased the difficulty of welding these two kinds of metals.The method of attachment that relates at present magnesium alloy and steel mainly contains melting, the molten soldering of laser, soldering, diffusion welding (DW) and friction stir welding.The greatest problem of melting welding is to be difficult to realize the control to welding process, and under high temperature, burn-off phenomenon easily occurs magnesium alloy, and oxidation is serious, and can concentrate and a large amount of pore by the larger stress of generation in welding process.Liu Liming is doing a large amount of research aspect melting welding magnesium alloy and steel.Research shows, single take laser and electric arc and has a lot of drawbacks as thermal source welding magnesium alloy and steel.The absorbance difference of magnesium alloy to laser energy, single use laser weld magnesium steel dissimilar metal easily causes fusion penetration inadequate, in the magnesium steel different-metal material welding joint of formation, is prone to the defects such as crackle and pore, and mechanical property is poor.In single arc welding process, because the energy of electric arc own is relatively dispersed, therefore strengthened the scope of welding heat affected zone in welding, the performance of joint is reduced.After this, Liu Liming etc. utilize again laser-arc hybrid welding process to weld magnesium steel, still fail effectively to solve the problem of magnesium steel interface metal oxide.Because melting welding welding temperature is higher, and magnesium alloy is a kind of very active metal, and fusing point boiling point is all lower, is easy to occur oxidation and generates fragility phase MgO, causes in weld seam and occurs being mingled with.At high temperature also easily react with N2 and generate nitride, further reduce the performance of welding point.
M.Wahba laser is thermal source welding magnesium alloy AZ31B/SP781 galvanized steel.Due to physical property difference larger between magnesium alloy and steel, its welding process very unstable (splash, fusion penetration is than unstable etc.), particularly, when laser beam penetrates magnesium alloy and enters steel sample and make steel side form the pattern of similar lockhole, its stability is very poor.Wingceltis wealth is prosperous take magnesium weld line as packing material, and AZ31 magnesium alloy/DP980 galvanized steel different alloys is carried out to the molten soldering experimental study of single, double beam laser.Adopt the molten soldering that fills silk of single, double light beam all can obtain more satisfied appearance forming, it is all lower but no matter shear strength test result shows that single, double light beam welds shear strength to magnesium alloy and steel, and point out that the existence of welding toe crackle is the main cause that causes joint fails.
The general solder that fusing point is lower, for example Al base solder or the Zn base solder of adopting when tradition method for welding welding magnesium alloy and steel.Pass through heating and thermal insulation, after utilizing solder fusing wetting and spreading, obtain soldered fitting with the anti-raw metallurgical reaction of mother metal, because magnesium alloy is easily oxidized in welding process, generally in welding process, need to use brazing flux, postwelding need to be cleared up, and have the weld defects such as pore, " surrounding greatly " and " little encirclement ", joint compactness is poor, is difficult to realize high compactness and connects.
The people such as Takahiro utilize diffusion welding (DW) to study zinc layer and the impact of aluminium element on the diffusion welding (DW) of magnesium steel dissimilar metal on magnesium alloy AZ31 from different steel plates (two kinds of models of SPCC and GI).Result of study shows, SPCC steel is not realized and being effectively connected with magnesium alloy, and this is, because of magnesium alloy in welding process, oxidation has occurred, its Surface Creation oxide layer, hindered the contact diffusion between magnesium steel.On the other hand, adopt identical welding procedure successfully to realize the combination of GI steel and magnesium alloy.In addition, by EPMA, analyze and find that magnesium steel interface forms the very thin and discontinuous Fe-Al intermetallic compounds layer of one deck, relies on this layer of Fe-Al compound just to make this bi-material form metallurgical binding just.So strict control oxygen content is necessary in diffusion welding (DW).
Y.Abe is connected with the docking that the people such as Watanabe utilize friction stir welding to realize magnesium steel dissimilar metal.The rotary speed of stirring-head and the side-play amount of stirring-head have been studied to the microstructure of magnesium steel dissimilar metal joint and the impact of mechanical property.The increase along with the rotary speed of stirring-head is found in research, and the amount of plastic deformation of the magnesium at weld seam contact-making surface place improves, thereby the mechanical property of joint is improved to, is about 70% left and right of magnesium alloy mother metal.But tension failure position, in the interface of magnesium steel, illustrates that the bond strength at interface is undesirable.The people such as S.JANA adopt agitating friction welding technology welding magnesium alloy and steel dissimilar metal to be studied, and find that equally a Zn-Mg alloy-layer that should generate of Zn layer on galvanized steel plain sheet and magnesium alloy has improved the mechanical property of magnesium/steel joint.
In sum, develop a kind of novel magnesium alloy and steel method of attachment and seem particularly urgent.Haptoreaction diffusion brazing be a kind of at lower temperature, rely between mother metal or mother metal and intermediate layer material between metallurgical reaction (eutectic reaction) produce liquid phase and realize the process being connected, it can be good at avoiding " surrounding greatly " and " little encirclement " phenomenon that in traditional soldering processes, macroscopical joint filling of liquid solder brings, and because whole welding process is carried out in vacuum brazing furnace, without using brazing flux, it is a kind of method of attachment of environmental protection.Can be good at adapting to the connection of complex precise structural member and large area parts.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose the method for attachment of a kind of magnesium alloy and steel, adopt haptoreaction diffusion brass solder technique, realize magnesium alloy and be connected with the low temperature of steel, and without the environmental protection method of attachment of using brazing flux.
The haptoreaction diffusion brazing method of attachment of magnesium alloy and steel, is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
One, six surface finish of magnesium alloy are smooth, remove its surface film oxide, by the method for differential arc oxidation, at Mg alloy surface, prepare differential arc oxidation layer;
Two, the magnesium alloy surface to be welded after differential arc oxidation is polished flat, expose magnesium alloy metallic luster, adopt at magnesium alloy surface to be welded and prepare the cu coating that thickness is 10-50 μ m;
Three, the magnesium alloy surface to be welded of preset cu coating is polished flat and obtains different coating layer thicknesses, in spirit solvent, clean, and dry;
Four, steel surface to be welded is polished flat, expose metallic luster, be placed in acetone solvent ultrasonic cleaning wipe oil, and dry;
Five, the magnesium alloy of preset pure Cu layer is combined into and is docked after braze-welded structure with steel, at Clamp for welding, be fixed and clamped, and be placed in the vacuum chamber of diffusion welding (DW) stove, in addition, on the contact-making surface of Clamp for welding and magnesium alloy and steel, apply in advance solder resist;
Six, apply the welding pressure of 0.0375～0.2MPa, treat that low vacuum is in 5 * 10
-3after Pa, with the programming rate of 10 ℃/min, be warming up to 450～480 ℃, insulation 10～40min, then be warming up to 495～555 ℃, and after insulation 20～100min, cool to the furnace below 150 ℃, take out welded specimen, complete soldering.
Further, described magnesium alloy is AZ31B, and steel is 08F cold-rolled steel.
Further, in step 3 by 1500# abrasive paper for metallograph polishing for the magnesium alloy surface to be welded of preset pure Cu layer, then by surface to be welded with cleaning in 100% spirit solvent, and be dried.
Further, in step 3, steel surface to be welded is polished flat with 800# abrasive paper for metallograph, expose metallic luster, be placed in acetone solvent ultrasonic cleaning 5～10min, and dry.
Further, in step 6, the vacuum in vacuum diffusion furnace is 9 * 10
-4～5 * 10
-3pa.
Further, in step 6, the vacuum in vacuum diffusion furnace is 3 * 10
-3pa.
Further, it is 410～430V that differential arc oxidation parameter is controlled voltage, and pulse frequency is 400Hz, and dutycycle is 3%, and the differential of the arc time is 4～8min; Electrolyte is that ratio is 3～6g/L sodium metasilicate, 6～9g/L potassium fluoride, and 9～12g/L potassium hydroxide, surplus is deionized water.
Magnesium alloy in the inventive method described in step 1 is AZ31B, and steel is 08F cold-rolled steel; Preparing magnesium alloy differential arc oxidation layer is in order to stop magnesium alloy to volatilize under the environment of high vacuum.The polishing of the magnesium alloy surface to be welded by differential arc oxidation described in step 2 is to exposing metallic luster, and be to prepare by the method for cold spraying at its preset cu coating in surface, in being to prevent surface treatment process in early stage by the object that the method for cold spraying is prepared cu coating at magnesium alloy surface to be welded, magnesium alloy is oxidized, and cu coating surface prepared by cold spraying is comparatively smooth and have certain bond strength with magnesium alloy, being installed and having very large advantage for large-area welding parts in welding early stage.In step 3, by the magnesium alloy surface to be welded polishing object of preset cu coating, be in order to obtain the fine copper intermediate layer of different-thickness.
The present invention adopts copper coating as the intermediate layer of haptoreaction diffusion brazing, and its object is that copper and magnesium alloy can be in the lower eutectic reactions that occurs of lower temperature (eutectic temperature).In the time of about 485 ℃, magnesium, copper generation eutectic reaction, generate low melting point eutectic liquid phase Mg
2cu, temperature further raises, and the Al element in magnesium alloy also participates in sending out and answers, and generates Mg-Cu-Al ternary compound with magnesium and copper.Now magnesium steel different-metal material welding interface is that liquid metal mixes phase, in certain temperature retention time, Cu and Al element diffuse to Fe side on a small quantity, a small amount of Fe dissolving also diffuses in liquid metal, form solid solution phase, this can strengthen the intensity of soldered fitting to a certain extent, last, along with the reduction of temperature, mixes liquid metal freezing forms soldered fitting.In the present invention, welding temperature and temperature retention time have the greatest impact to soldered fitting, therefore in the present invention welding temperature are set in 495～555 ℃ (magnesium alloy fusion temperature is 650 ℃ of left and right).From Mg-Cu binary phase diagraml (accompanying drawing 1), temperature too low (≤485 ℃), does not react between magnesium copper heterogenous metal, cannot form eutectic liquid phase thereby cannot form soldered fitting; Excess Temperature, because magnesium alloy is very sensitive to temperature, is unfavorable for the connection of magnesium alloy.In addition, excess Temperature easily causes the burn-off phenomenon of magnesium alloy and interface generation phase, has a strong impact on the performance of soldered fitting.In welding temperature, be at 530 ℃, interfacial reaction product is block Mg-Cu-Al ternary phase, Mg solid solution and Mg
2cu eutectic structure phase, interfacial reaction product does not change with the variation of temperature retention time.The present invention is set in 20～100 minutes by temperature retention time, and temperature retention time is too short, and between magnesium copper heterogenous metal, not exclusively, copper layer is residual in addition at interface, cannot form good soldered fitting in reaction.Increase temperature retention time, magnesium copper heterogenous metal interfacial reaction is complete, and the block Mg-Cu-Al ternary phase in interface produces in magnesium alloy AZ31B side at first, and size is less, and along with the increase of temperature retention time, it is large that block ternary phase size becomes, moving to 08F steel side gradually; Mg
2cu eutectic structure all has generation in magnesium steel both sides, along with the increase of temperature retention time, at the Mg of 08F steel side
2cu eutectic structure fades away, and the eutectic structure of magnesium side does not change substantially.In sum, little, the environmental protection of low, the mother metal of welding temperature distortion in the inventive method connection procedure, postwelding precision are high, are applicable to the connection that high accuracy builds.The present invention can realize large area parts surface is processed, and can well avoid the oxidation of magnesium alloy, and then is reduced in oxygen content in follow-up welding process weld seam, effectively improves the shear strength of welding point.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: Mg-Cu binary phase diagraml;
Fig. 2: schematic diagram is installed;
Fig. 3: the haptoreaction diffusion brass solder technique schematic diagram of magnesium alloy and steel in the present invention;
Fig. 4: use cold spraying at the preset cu coating in magnesium alloy AZ31B surface;
Fig. 5: 530 ℃ of welding temperatures, on-load pressure 0.0375MPa, cu coating thickness 50 μ m, AZ31B/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing Microstructure of Joint figure under temperature retention time 60min.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment mono-:
1) AZ31B magnesium alloy and 08F steel are cut into respectively to the rectangle strip of 30 * 10 * 3mm, apart from end 2～3mm place, magnesium alloy one end, boring the aperture (preparing magnesium alloy differential arc oxidation layer) of a Φ 2.5mm, magnesium alloy outer surface is had after metallic luster with 800# sand papering to surfacing, put into acetone solvent ultrasonic cleaning 10min, wiping is dried;
2) 08F steel is had after metallic luster with 800# sand papering to surfacing, put into acetone solvent ultrasonic cleaning 10min, wiping is dried;
3) by the method for differential arc oxidation, on six surfaces of the magnesium alloy of having polished, prepare differential arc oxidation layer, (control voltage is 415V to concrete differential arc oxidation parameter, and pulse frequency is 400Hz, and dutycycle is 3%, and the differential of the arc time is 5min; The electrolyte of configuration is 15L, and its concrete ratio is 4g/L sodium metasilicate, 8g/L potassium fluoride, and 10g/L potassium hydroxide, surplus is deionized water.
4) the cu coating preparation of the latter half is carried out in the 30 * 10mm surface that obtains the magnesium alloy of differential arc oxidation layer with 800# sand papering light;
5) by the method for cold spraying, on magnesium alloy AZ31B surface, prepare cu coating, and coating layer thickness is 50 μ m.
6) magnesium alloy of preset pure Cu layer is combined into and is docked after braze-welded structure with steel, with jig, be fixed and clamped (as shown in Figure 1), and be placed in vacuum diffusion furnace vacuum chamber, at the contact-making surface of Clamp for welding and AZ31B magnesium alloy and 08F steel, apply in advance solder resist;
7) close door for vacuum chamber, applying welding pressure is 0.0375MPa, treats that vacuum reaches 5.0 * 10
-3programming rate with 10 ℃/min after Pa is following is warming up to 450 ℃, insulation 10min, then be warming up to after 530 ℃, insulation 20min, cools to the furnace below 150 ℃ afterwards, and welding completes.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 11.6MPa.
Embodiment bis-:
The present embodiment is different from embodiment mono-be in step 7 after being warming up to 530 ℃, insulation 40min.Other is identical with embodiment mono-.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 20.3MPa.
Embodiment tri-:
The present embodiment is different from embodiment mono-be in step 7 after being warming up to 530 ℃, insulation 60min.Other is identical with embodiment mono-.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 39.6MPa.
Embodiment tetra-:
The present embodiment is different from embodiment mono-be in step 7 after being warming up to 530 ℃, insulation 80min.Other is identical with embodiment mono-.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 34.3MPa.
Embodiment five:
The present embodiment is different from embodiment mono-be in step 7 after being warming up to 530 ℃, insulation 100min.Other is identical with embodiment mono-.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 29.6MPa.
Embodiment six:
The present embodiment is different from embodiment mono-is that in step 7, to apply welding pressure be 0.2MPa, treats that vacuum reaches 5.0 * 10
-3programming rate with 10 ℃/min after Pa is warming up to 480 ℃, insulation 30min, then be warming up to after 495 ℃, insulation 20min, other is identical with embodiment mono-.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 12.5MPa.
Embodiment six:
That the present embodiment is different from embodiment mono-is 1500# sand papering to the 10 μ m for thickness of copper coating in step 5; In step 7, applying welding pressure is 0.05MPa, treats that vacuum reaches 5.0 * 10
-3programming rate with 10 ℃/min after Pa is warming up to 450 ℃, insulation 10min, then be warming up to 495 ℃, and insulation 15min, other is identical with embodiment mono-.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 12.5MPa.
Embodiment seven:
That the present embodiment is different from embodiment mono-is 1500# sand papering to the 20 μ m for thickness of copper coating in step 5; In step 7, applying welding pressure is 0.1MPa, treats that vacuum reaches 5.0 * 10
-3programming rate with 10 ℃/min after Pa is warming up to 460 ℃, insulation 20min, then be warming up to 495 ℃, and insulation 40min, other is identical with embodiment mono-.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 23.5MPa.
Embodiment eight:
That the present embodiment is different from embodiment mono-is 1500# sand papering to the 30 μ m for thickness of copper coating in step 5; In step 7, applying welding pressure is 0.15MPa, treats that vacuum reaches 5.0 * 10
-3programming rate with 10 ℃/min after Pa is warming up to 470 ℃, insulation 25min, then be warming up to 495 ℃, and insulation 60min, other is identical with embodiment mono-.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 16.0MPa.
Embodiment nine:
That the present embodiment is different from embodiment mono-is 1500# sand papering to the 40 μ m for thickness of copper coating in step 5; In step 7, applying welding pressure is 0.2MPa, treats that vacuum reaches 5.0 * 10
-3programming rate with 10 ℃/min after Pa is warming up to 480 ℃, insulation 30min, then be warming up to 495 ℃, and insulation 80min, other is identical with embodiment mono-.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 20.5MPa.
The specific embodiment ten:
The present embodiment is different from embodiment six is that in step 7, to apply welding pressure be 0.1MPa, treats that vacuum reaches 3.0 * 10
-3programming rate with 10 ℃/min after Pa is warming up to 460 ℃, insulation 20min, then be warming up to 515 ℃, and insulation 60min, other is identical with embodiment six.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 18.7MPa.
Embodiment 11:
Present embodiment is different from embodiment seven is that in step 7, to apply welding pressure be 0.05MPa, treats that vacuum reaches 5.0 * 10
-3programming rate with 10 ℃/min after Pa is warming up to 450 ℃, insulation 15min, then be warming up to 515 ℃, and insulation 80min, other is identical with embodiment seven.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 32.0MPa.
Embodiment 12:
The present embodiment is different from embodiment eight is that in step 7, to apply welding pressure be 0.2MPa, treats that vacuum reaches 1.0 * 10
-3programming rate with 10 ℃/min after Pa is warming up to 480 ℃, insulation 30min, then be warming up to 515 ℃, and insulation 20min, other is identical with embodiment eight.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 16.5MPa.
Embodiment 13:
The present embodiment is different from embodiment nine is that in step 7, to apply welding pressure be 0.05MPa, treats that vacuum reaches 5.0 * 10
-3programming rate with 10 ℃/min after Pa is warming up to 450 ℃, insulation 15min, then be warming up to 515 ℃, and insulation 40min, other is identical with embodiment nine.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 24.6MPa.
Embodiment 14:
The present embodiment is different from embodiment six is that in step 7, to apply welding pressure be 0.15MPa, treats that vacuum reaches 3.0 * 10
-3programming rate with 10 ℃/min after Pa is warming up to 470 ℃, insulation 25min, then be warming up to 535 ℃, and insulation 80min, other is identical with embodiment six.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 15.7MPa.
Embodiment 15:
The present embodiment is different from embodiment seven is that in step 7, to apply welding pressure be 0.2MPa, treats that vacuum reaches 3.0 * 10
-3programming rate with 10 ℃/min after Pa is warming up to 480 ℃, insulation 30min, then be warming up to 535 ℃, and insulation 80min, other is identical with embodiment seven.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 26.3MPa.
Embodiment 16:
The present embodiment is different from embodiment eight is that in step 7, to apply welding pressure be 0.05MPa, treats that vacuum reaches 9.0 * 10
-4programming rate with 10 ℃/min after Pa is warming up to 450 ℃, insulation 15min, then be warming up to 535 ℃, and insulation 40min, other is identical with embodiment eight.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 29.8MPa.
Embodiment 17:
The present embodiment is different from embodiment nine is that in step 7, to apply welding pressure be 0.10MPa, treats that vacuum reaches 9.0 * 10
-4programming rate with 10 ℃/min after Pa is warming up to 460 ℃, insulation 20min, then be warming up to 535 ℃, and insulation 20min, other is identical with embodiment nine.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 36.1MPa.
Embodiment 18:
The present embodiment is different from embodiment six is that in step 7, to apply welding pressure be 0.2MPa, treats that vacuum reaches 2.0 * 10
-3programming rate with 10 ℃/min after Pa is warming up to 480 ℃, insulation 30min, then be warming up to 555 ℃, and insulation 40min, other is identical with embodiment six.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 20.8MPa.
Embodiment 19:
The present embodiment is different from embodiment seven is that in step 7, to apply welding pressure be 0.15MPa, treats that vacuum reaches 3.0 * 10
-3programming rate with 10 ℃/min after Pa is warming up to 470 ℃, insulation 25min, then be warming up to 555 ℃, and insulation 20min, other is identical with embodiment seven.
Obtain AZ31B magnesium alloy/Cu/08F steel haptoreaction diffusion brazing joint, shear strength is up to 33.8MPa.
Claims (7)
1. the haptoreaction diffusion brazing method of attachment of magnesium alloy and steel, is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
One, six surface finish of magnesium alloy are smooth, remove its surface film oxide, by the method for differential arc oxidation, at Mg alloy surface, prepare differential arc oxidation layer;
Two, the magnesium alloy surface to be welded after differential arc oxidation is polished flat, expose magnesium alloy metallic luster, adopt at magnesium alloy surface to be welded and prepare the cu coating that thickness is 10-50 μ m;
Three, the magnesium alloy surface to be welded of preset cu coating is polished flat and obtains different coating layer thicknesses, in spirit solvent, clean, and dry;
Four, steel surface to be welded is polished flat, expose metallic luster, be placed in acetone solvent ultrasonic cleaning wipe oil, and dry;
Five, the magnesium alloy of preset pure Cu layer is combined into and is docked after braze-welded structure with steel, at Clamp for welding, be fixed and clamped, and be placed in the vacuum chamber of diffusion welding (DW) stove, in addition, on the contact-making surface of Clamp for welding and magnesium alloy and steel, apply in advance solder resist;
Six, apply the welding pressure of 0.0375～0.2MPa, treat that low vacuum is in 5 * 10
-3after Pa, with the programming rate of 10 ℃/min, be warming up to 450～480 ℃, insulation 10～40min, then be warming up to 495～555 ℃, and after insulation 20～100min, cool to the furnace below 150 ℃, take out welded specimen, complete soldering.
2. the haptoreaction diffusion brazing method of attachment of magnesium alloy according to claim 1 and steel, is characterized in that described magnesium alloy is AZ31B, and steel is 08F cold-rolled steel.
3. the haptoreaction diffusion brazing method of attachment of magnesium alloy according to claim 1 and steel, it is characterized in that in step 3 the preset 1500# abrasive paper for metallograph polishing for magnesium alloy surface to be welded of pure Cu layer, then by surface to be welded with cleaning in 100% spirit solvent, and dry.
4. the haptoreaction diffusion brazing method of attachment of magnesium alloy according to claim 1 and steel, it is characterized in that in step 3, steel surface to be welded being polished flat with 800# abrasive paper for metallograph, expose metallic luster, be placed in acetone solvent ultrasonic cleaning 5～10min, and dry.
5. the haptoreaction diffusion brazing method of attachment of magnesium alloy according to claim 1 and steel, is characterized in that in step 6, the vacuum in vacuum diffusion furnace is 9 * 10
-4～5 * 10
-3pa.
6. the haptoreaction diffusion brazing method of attachment of magnesium alloy according to claim 1 and steel, is characterized in that in step 6, the vacuum in vacuum diffusion furnace is 3 * 10
-3pa.
7. the haptoreaction diffusion brazing method of attachment of magnesium alloy according to claim 1 and steel, is characterized in that: it is 410～430V that differential arc oxidation parameter is controlled voltage, and pulse frequency is 400Hz, and dutycycle is 3%, and the differential of the arc time is 4～8min; Electrolyte is that ratio is 3～6g/L sodium metasilicate, 6～9g/L potassium fluoride, and 9～12g/L potassium hydroxide, surplus is deionized water.
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| CN106041349A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-10-26 | 黄海娟 | Connection and sealing method for steel material and magnesium material |
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| CN109352160A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-19 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of preparation method of high-frequency impulse connection aluminum/magnesium alloy composite material |
| CN110026669A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-19 | 西南交通大学 | A kind of diffusion welding method of magnesium alloy and fine copper or copper alloy |
| CN111515517A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-11 | 中国航发哈尔滨东安发动机有限公司 | TLP (transient liquid phase) welding method for molybdenum-based superalloy |
| CN113146039A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-07-23 | 南昌大学 | Preparation and welding method of intermediate layer composite powder for laser welding of magnesium alloy steel |
| CN113714615A (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2021-11-30 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | High-vacuum diffusion welding method for magnesium alloy |
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