CN104439590B - A kind of 6061 aluminium alloys and the soldering processes of AZ31B magnesium alloy - Google Patents

A kind of 6061 aluminium alloys and the soldering processes of AZ31B magnesium alloy Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104439590B
CN104439590B CN201410625825.2A CN201410625825A CN104439590B CN 104439590 B CN104439590 B CN 104439590B CN 201410625825 A CN201410625825 A CN 201410625825A CN 104439590 B CN104439590 B CN 104439590B
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magnesium alloy
solder
alloy
aluminium
alloys
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CN104439590A (en
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隋艳伟
武继强
张宇
吕扬
罗海波
孙智
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/0004—Resistance soldering
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/008—Soldering within a furnace
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
    • B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
    • B23K1/206—Cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of 6061 aluminium alloys and the soldering processes of AZ31B magnesium alloy, belong to the soldering processes of Al alloys andMg alloys.nullThis technique is by the aluminium alloy qualified through the inspection of raw and process materials、Magnesium alloy and Zn 12Cd lamellar solder are ready to，First 6061 aluminium alloys are got rid of with sand paper、AZ31B magnesium alloy and the oxide layer on solder surface，Then by the surface alcohol washes of solder two sides and aluminium alloy and sand papering used for magnesium alloy，Solder is placed between aluminium alloy and magnesium alloy，With fixture, they are fixed，Put in KTF series of tubular vacuum atmosphere resistance furnace，Set firing rate as 6 DEG C～10 DEG C/min，It is always heated to 310 DEG C～335 DEG C，Then resetting firing rate is 2 DEG C～8 DEG C/min，It is always heated to 365 DEG C～390 DEG C，Insulation 40min～70min，Next 260 DEG C it are cooled to，Insulation 30min，Last furnace cooling can get weldment to room temperature.This 6061 aluminium alloy and the soldering processes of AZ31B magnesium alloy, running cost is low, easily realizes, and the soldered fitting excellent performance obtained, soldering expands the application of magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy.

Description

A kind of 6061 aluminium alloys and the soldering processes of AZ31B magnesium alloy
Technical field
The present invention relates to the soldering processes of a kind of Al alloys andMg alloys, a kind of 6061 aluminium alloys and the soldering processes of AZ31B magnesium alloy.
Background technology
Development along with industrial technology, more and more higher to the performance requirement of automobile, aircraft, reduce construction weight to become and carry high performance important measures, magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy and have that density is low, specific strength is high, specific rigidity advantages of higher, be that optimal aircraft, automobile, boats and ships are isostructural.But the popularity applied due to magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy and intercrossing, and in the requirement to its property of some occasion, magnesium, aluminum and alloy thereof are connected formation composite construction and just seems the most necessary, the most both can reduce construction weight, material can be saved again.Particularly aluminum current alloy has obtained relatively broad application, and magnesium alloy will relate to the connection with aluminium alloy in the application as structural material.
Soldering is to use metal material more low-melting than workpiece to make solder, by workpiece and solder heat to higher than solder fusing point, less than the temperature of workpiece fusing point, utilize liquid solder wetted workpieces, fill interface gaps and realize interatomic phase counterdiffusion with workpiece, thus the method realizing welding.Soldering includes solder and solder brazing, owing to the temperature of solder is less than 450 DEG C, parent metal is non-fusible, does not produce interfacial reaction, it is to avoid the high-temperature heating impact on connected material.Solder brazing includes that protective atmosphere furnace brazing, vacuum brazing, resistance brazing, dip brazing and eutectic reaction soldering connect.
Putting in method in welding used, only soldering can be used for large-area disposable welding fabrication, and its welding method is the most simple to operation simultaneously, can be used at material surface welding dissimilar metal to improve the mechanical property of material surface.Owing to the oxide-film of magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy is serious, the selection of brazing flux is important problem.And, magnesium alloy is perishable, and till now, the dissimilar metal magnesium alloy of employing brazing flux and the research of aluminium alloy are still without report.
Wielage B. of Chemnitz polytechnical university of Germany et al. uses the MgAlZn solder of heterogeneity ratio that magnesium/aluminum dissimilar metal has been carried out ultrasonic assistant brazing.Result shows: joint has one layer of magnesio solid solution transition zone at interface, magnesio side, then defines one layer of Mg in aluminum substrate side17Al12, connector area is made up of magnesium sosoloid and binary and Ternary intermetallic compounds.
Liu Liming et al. uses economically viable zinc-based solder soldering to connect AZ31B magnesium alloy and 6061 aluminium alloy plates, and shearing strength of joint is 45MPa, does not produce magnesium aluminium intermetallic compound in joint.Magnesium matrix is linked together by the conversion zone that zinc-rich district and Pin Mei district intersection are formed with neighbouring brazing area, MgZn the most a small amount of in conversion zone2Intermetallic compound, butt joint performance impact is little.It is one layer of AlZn solid solution the thinnest between aluminum substrate and brazing area, be effectively prevent the generation of magnesium aluminium intermetallic compound by the method.
Dalian University of Technology Tan Jin is red et al. with magnesium alloy (AZ31) and aluminium alloy (6061) contact reaction brazing as object of study, use Zn can obtain preferable joint performance as solder, due to magnesium and the activity of aluminum, use during contact reaction brazing welding magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy inevitably intermetallic compound.Interface Study result shows, under suitable process conditions, the addition of spelter solder layer can control the width of transitional region by controlling the thickness of zinc layers, and strength of joint improves.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the invention aims to provide that a kind of metal streamline tissue is good, uniform wall thickness and machinery, 6061 aluminium alloys of good mechanical properties and the soldering processes of AZ31B magnesium alloy.
Technical scheme: the object of the present invention is achieved like this, the soldering processes of this Al alloys andMg alloys use the heating of KTF series of tubular vacuum atmosphere resistance furnace to carry out soldering, prepare the magnalium dissimilar alloy welding component of excellent properties；
Specifically comprise the following steps that
First the most correct according to material standard verification raw material quality testimonial content；Then looking at raw-material presentation quality, should there be a lower column defects on raw material surface: pit or projection, it is ensured that face of weld is smooth, finally carries out the reinspection of chemical composition, mechanical performance, it is ensured that the quality of raw materials；
B. use sand paper by strict the grinding off of surface scale of 6061 aluminium alloys, AZ31B magnesium alloy and lamellar solder Zn-12Cd, the quality welded with raising；
C. the unqualified clear water of each material surface after polishing is rinsed out, then with alcohol washes, drying；
D. lamellar solder is placed between aluminium alloy surface sanded and magnesium alloy surface sanded, it is fixed with fixture, it is noted that the stress of fixture is wanted uniformly, size controls in the range of 0.1Mpa ~ 0.2Mpa, between solder and aluminium alloy and the most very close to each other between solder and magnesium alloy；
E. the weldment fixed is put in KTF series of tubular vacuum atmosphere resistance furnace, set firing rate as 6 DEG C ~ 10 DEG C/min, it is always heated to 310 DEG C ~ 335 DEG C, then resetting firing rate is 2 DEG C ~ 8 DEG C/min, it is always heated to 365 DEG C ~ 390 DEG C, is incubated 40min ~ 70min, is next cooled to 260 DEG C, insulation 30min, last furnace cooling can get weldment to room temperature；
F. fall the oxide skin on weldment surface with sand papering, both can get perfect brazing member.
Beneficial effect: the present invention utilizes KTF series of tubular vacuum atmosphere resistance furnace that aluminium alloy and magnesium alloy are carried out soldering, this method for welding expands the application of magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy.Metal streamline tissue is good, uniform wall thickness and machinery, good mechanical properties, also reduces the weight of material simultaneously.Postwelding can obtain high specific strength, is also easy to machining simultaneously, has high-damping capacity and recovery utilization rate, is widely used in and requires on the part that light weight, mechanical property are good, such as: Aero-Space, automobile, electronics, the field such as civilian,.
Advantage is as follows:
(1) using KTF series of tubular vacuum atmosphere resistance furnace that 6061 aluminium alloys and AZ31B magnesium alloy are carried out soldering, change the problem that traditional welding brings, this technique expands the application of aluminium alloy and magnesium alloy.
(2) using KTF series of tubular vacuum atmosphere resistance furnace that aluminium alloy and magnesium alloy carry out soldering, processing technology is easy, shortens the production cycle, reduces energy consumption, has saved cost.
(3) weldment obtained by soldering is the most functional, and convenient to operate, safety and stability.
(4) the magnalium different alloys weldment prepared, can not only meet the serviceability of major part component, and greatly reduce the weight of weldment, is so more beneficial for using on Aero-Space and automotive electronics device.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is sheet material welding result figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is pole stock welding result figure of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention utilizes KTF series of tubular vacuum atmosphere resistance furnace that 6061 aluminium alloys and AZ31B magnesium alloy carry out the welding procedure of soldering: use the heating of KTF series of tubular vacuum atmosphere resistance furnace to carry out soldering, prepare the magnalium dissimilar alloy welding component of excellent properties, be embodied as step as follows:
Embodiment: the aluminium alloy that this example uses is 6061 reflectals, magnesium alloy selects AZ31B magnesium alloy to test.
A., 6061 aluminium alloys contain chemical quality percentage ratio Mg (0.8%～1.2%), Mn ＜ 0.15%, Si (0.4%～0.8%), Fe ＜ 0.7%, Cu (0.15%～0.4%), Cr (0.04%～0.35%), other elements ＜ 0.15%, remaining is for Al.AZ31B magnesium alloy is contained chemical quality percentage ratio Al (2.5%～13.5%), Zn (0.5%～11.5%), Mn ＞ 0.2%, Si ＜ 0.1%, Fe ＜ 0.03%, Cu ＜ 0.1%, Ni ＜ 0.005%, Ca ＜ 0.04%, other elements ＜ 0.3%, remaining is Mg, solder lamellar Zn-12Cd solder, solder chemical quality percentage ratio Cd (10%～12%), Ag (5.2%～6.4%), Cu (1%～2.4%), remaining is Zn, verification raw material quality testimonial content is the most correct, then look at raw-material presentation quality, finally carry out chemical composition, the reinspection of mechanical performance.
B. use sand paper by strict the grinding off of surface scale of 6061 aluminium alloys, AZ31B magnesium alloy and lamellar solder Zn-12Cd, the quality welded with raising；
C. the unqualified clear water of each material surface after polishing is rinsed out, then with alcohol washes, drying；
D. lamellar solder is placed between aluminium alloy surface sanded and magnesium alloy surface sanded, it is fixed with fixture, it is noted that the stress of fixture is wanted uniformly, size controls in the range of 0.1Mpa ~ 0.2Mpa, between solder and aluminium alloy and the most very close to each other between solder and magnesium alloy；
E. the weldment fixed is put in KTF series of tubular vacuum atmosphere resistance furnace, set firing rate as 6 DEG C ~ 10 DEG C/min, it is always heated to 310 DEG C ~ 335 DEG C, then resetting firing rate is 2 DEG C ~ 8 DEG C/min, it is always heated to 365 DEG C ~ 390 DEG C, is incubated 40min ~ 70min, is next cooled to 260 DEG C, insulation 30min, last furnace cooling can get weldment to room temperature；
F. fall the oxide skin on weldment surface with sand papering, both can get perfect brazing member；
G. the magnalium different alloys weldment being prepared, the technical specification reached: soldering joint strength 69Mpa, microhardness is 160HV.

Claims (1)

1. an aluminium alloy and the soldering processes of AZ31B magnesium alloy, it is characterised in that: the soldering processes of this Al alloys andMg alloys use the heating of KTF series of tubular vacuum atmosphere resistance furnace to carry out soldering, prepare the magnalium dissimilar alloy welding component of excellent properties；
Specifically comprise the following steps that
First the most correct according to material standard verification raw material quality testimonial content；Then looking at raw-material presentation quality, should there be a lower column defects on raw material surface: pit or projection, it is ensured that face of weld is smooth, finally carries out the reinspection of chemical composition, mechanical performance, it is ensured that the quality of raw materials；
B. use sand paper by strict the grinding off of surface scale of 6061 aluminium alloys, AZ31B magnesium alloy and lamellar solder Zn-12Cd, the quality welded with raising；
C. the unqualified clear water of each material surface after polishing is rinsed out, then with alcohol washes, drying；
D. lamellar solder is placed between aluminium alloy surface sanded and magnesium alloy surface sanded, it is fixed with fixture, it is noted that the stress of fixture is wanted uniformly, size controls in the range of 0.1Mpa ~ 0.2Mpa, between solder and aluminium alloy and the most very close to each other between solder and magnesium alloy；
E. the weldment fixed is put in KTF series of tubular vacuum atmosphere resistance furnace, set firing rate as 6 DEG C ~ 10 DEG C/min, it is always heated to 310 DEG C ~ 335 DEG C, then resetting firing rate is 2 DEG C ~ 8 DEG C/min, it is always heated to 365 DEG C ~ 390 DEG C, is incubated 40min ~ 70min, is next cooled to 260 DEG C, insulation 30min, last furnace cooling can get weldment to room temperature；
F. fall the oxide skin on weldment surface with sand papering, i.e. can get perfect brazing member.
CN201410625825.2A 2014-11-07 2014-11-07 A kind of 6061 aluminium alloys and the soldering processes of AZ31B magnesium alloy Active CN104439590B (en)

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CN105149769B (en) * 2015-07-29 2018-05-01 武汉理工大学 The design of lamination composite interlayer, which introduces, makes the method that magnesium alloy is connected with aluminium alloy
CN105965121B (en) * 2016-06-22 2018-03-16 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of method for connecting magnesium alloy and aluminium alloy
CN112743083A (en) * 2019-10-30 2021-05-04 同济大学 Aluminum/magnesium/aluminum composite board with Cu solder reinforced interface and powder hot-pressing preparation method
CN111054926A (en) * 2019-12-03 2020-04-24 同济大学 Zn solder reinforced interface aluminum/magnesium/aluminum composite board and powder hot-pressing preparation method
CN111927910B (en) * 2020-06-18 2022-09-30 北京遥感设备研究所 Aluminum-magnesium alloy integrated multifunctional integrated structure
CN112894044A (en) * 2021-01-28 2021-06-04 哈尔滨工程大学 Brazing connection method of aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy
CN114453692A (en) * 2021-07-30 2022-05-10 张耀豪 Magnesium alloy brazing method

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US5422191A (en) * 1994-02-14 1995-06-06 Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation Aluminum-lithium filler alloy for brazing
CN1277650C (en) * 2001-09-28 2006-10-04 古河Sky株式会社 Method of brazing aluminum or aluminum alloy materials and aluminum alloy brazing sheet
CN101579768B (en) * 2009-06-12 2011-04-20 哈尔滨工业大学 Braze-welding method using two-stage contact reaction of aluminum alloy
CN102744482B (en) * 2012-07-31 2014-12-31 郑州机械研究所 Method using vacuum brazing device to braze aluminum alloy workpiece
CN102873422B (en) * 2012-10-18 2015-06-03 北京科技大学 Aluminum and aluminum alloy and copper diffusion brazing process

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