CN112894044A - Brazing connection method of aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy - Google Patents
Brazing connection method of aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN112894044A CN112894044A CN202110115116.XA CN202110115116A CN112894044A CN 112894044 A CN112894044 A CN 112894044A CN 202110115116 A CN202110115116 A CN 202110115116A CN 112894044 A CN112894044 A CN 112894044A
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- aluminum alloy
- brazing
- magnesium alloy
- metal
- alloy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/002—Soldering by means of induction heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/26—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 400 degrees C
- B23K35/262—Sn as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a method for brazing and connecting aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy, which has the technical key that self-made Sn _ Zn brazing filler metal in a shape is adopted to ensure the wettability on the surfaces of the aluminum alloy and the magnesium alloy, the formation of an oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy is relieved in an ultrasonic-assisted mode during welding, and the aluminum alloy/magnesium alloy dissimilar metal material product can be brazed without a brazing flux in an atmospheric environment. The invention has the advantages of strong adaptability, convenient use and reliable use. The welding quality and the service performance of the product are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a brazing connection method of aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy, and belongs to the technical field of welding.
Background
The fusion welding weldability of the magnesium alloy and the aluminum alloy is poor, cracks and air holes are often generated after welding, the wetting of the brazing filler metal is affected by an oxide film of the aluminum alloy in the brazing welding process, and the traditional brazing filler metal cannot be well spread on the surfaces of the aluminum alloy and the magnesium alloy, so that a better brazing connection method for connecting the aluminum alloy and the magnesium alloy is not available at the present stage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a brazing connection method of an aluminum alloy and a magnesium alloy, which can effectively connect the aluminum alloy and the magnesium alloy.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: according to the required solder amount, the metal Sn and the metal Zn are mixed according to the proportion of 7: 3, accurately weighing the mixture to 0.01 g;
s2: preheating a ceramic crucible by using a crucible resistance furnace;
s3: after the preheating process is finished, adding the metal Zn weighed in the step S1 and a certain amount of surface covering agent into a ceramic crucible, and continuing heating in a crucible resistance furnace;
s4: after the heating in the step S3 is finished, taking out the ceramic crucible, stirring the ceramic crucible by using a metal rod, adding the metal Sn weighed in the step S1 after the metal Zn is completely melted, and then putting the metal Sn into a crucible resistance furnace to continue heating for not less than 10 min;
s5: after the heating in the step S4 is completed, taking out the ceramic crucible, stirring the ceramic crucible by using a metal rod, pouring the ceramic crucible into a model, cooling the model, removing the model, and washing the model by using clear water for subsequent use;
s6: polishing the surfaces to be welded of the aluminum alloy and the magnesium alloy and the brazing filler metal prepared in the steps S1-S5 by using sand paper;
s7: carrying out chemical corrosion treatment on the aluminum alloy;
s8: assembling the brazing filler metal with the aluminum alloy and the magnesium alloy, and ensuring that a welding gap is smaller than 100 um;
s9: starting an ultrasonic generator to assist the brazing process;
s10: and (3) putting the aluminum alloy and the magnesium alloy which are assembled in the step (8) into an induction brazing coil for welding, wherein the welding temperature is 330 +/-10 ℃, preserving the heat for 5s, and then cooling to room temperature.
S11: the part is heat treated to relieve stress.
In the step S2, the crucible resistance furnace preheating temperature is 300 ℃ ± 10 ℃.
In the step S3, a KCl/LiCl eutectic mixture may be used as a surface covering agent.
In the step S3, the amount of the surface covering agent used depends on whether Zn is completely covered without exposure to air.
In the step S3, the heating temperature of the crucible resistance furnace is 450 ℃ +/-10 ℃, and the heating temperature is 20 min.
In the step S4, the metal rod used is an aluminum rod coated with boron nitride on the surface.
In the step S5, a model of 5mm × 2mm × 2mm is used.
In step S6, 180-mesh, 400-mesh, and 600-mesh sandpaper is used to grind from low to high.
In the step S7, the chemical etching method is to etch the aluminum alloy by using NaOH solution with the concentration of 10% and the temperature of 70-100 ℃, and then use HNO with the concentration of 10%3Neutralizing, and ultrasonically cleaning with anhydrous ethanol for 15 min.
In step S9, the amplitude of the ultrasonic wave used is 3um to 10 um.
In the step S11, an air circulation furnace is used for heat treatment, the heat preservation temperature is 135 ℃ plus or minus 5 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2.5-3 h, and the cooling mode is air cooling.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has the technical key points that the brazing filler metal with unlimited shape is adopted to ensure the surface wettability of the aluminum alloy and the magnesium alloy, and the formation of an oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy is relieved in an ultrasonic-assisted mode. Can ensure that the dissimilar metal material product of the aluminum alloy/magnesium alloy is brazed without brazing flux in the atmospheric environment, and the shearing strength of the product can reach 69.2 MPa.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for brazing aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
s1: according to the required solder amount, the metal Sn and the metal Zn are mixed according to the proportion of 7: 3, accurately weighing the mixture to 0.01 g;
s2: preheating a ceramic crucible by using a crucible resistance furnace, wherein the preheating temperature of the crucible resistance furnace is 300 +/-10 ℃;
s3: after the preheating process is completed, the eutectic mixture of metallic Zn weighed in step S1 and a certain amount of surface covering agent KCl/LiCl is added into the ceramic crucible, and the amount of the surface covering agent depends on whether Zn is completely covered and is not exposed to air. Heating in a crucible resistance furnace continuously, wherein the heating temperature of the crucible resistance furnace is 450 +/-10 ℃, and the heating temperature is 20 min;
s4: after the heating in the step S3 is completed, taking out the ceramic crucible, stirring the ceramic crucible by using an aluminum bar coated with boron nitride on the surface, adding the metal Sn weighed in the step S1 after the metal Zn is completely melted, and then putting the metal Sn into a crucible resistance furnace to continue heating for not less than 10 min;
s5: after the heating in the step S4 is completed, taking out the ceramic crucible, stirring the ceramic crucible by using an aluminum bar coated with boron nitride on the surface, pouring the aluminum bar into a model of 5mm multiplied by 2mm, cooling, removing the model, and washing the model by using clear water for subsequent use;
s6: grinding the surfaces to be welded of the aluminum alloy and the magnesium alloy and the brazing filler metal prepared in the steps S1-S5 in a sequence from low to high by using sand paper of 180 meshes, 400 meshes and 600 meshes;
a rectifier is manufactured by processing 1Cr17Ni2 and is welded by a vacuum diffusion welding process. The warping amount and the ovality of the rectifier are required to be less than or equal to 0.1mm after welding.
S7: etching the aluminum alloy by using NaOH solution with the concentration of 10 percent and the temperature of 70-100 ℃, and then using HNO with the concentration of 10 percent3Neutralizing, and ultrasonically cleaning with anhydrous ethanol for 15 min;
s8: assembling the brazing filler metal with the aluminum alloy and the magnesium alloy, and ensuring that a welding gap is smaller than 100 um;
s9: starting an ultrasonic generator, wherein the amplitude of the used ultrasonic is 3-10 um, and assisting the brazing process;
s10: and (3) putting the aluminum alloy and the magnesium alloy which are assembled in the step (8) into an induction brazing coil for welding, wherein the welding temperature is 330 +/-10 ℃, preserving the heat for 5s, and then cooling to room temperature.
S11: and (3) carrying out heat treatment on the part to eliminate stress, carrying out heat treatment by using an air circulation furnace, wherein the heat preservation temperature is 135 +/-5 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2.5-3 h, and the cooling mode is air cooling.
In summary, the invention relates to a method for braze welding and connecting aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy, the technical key of the invention is to adopt self-made Sn _ Zn brazing filler metal to ensure the wettability on the surfaces of the aluminum alloy and the magnesium alloy, and the formation of an oxide film on the surface of the aluminum alloy is relieved in an ultrasonic-assisted mode during welding, so that the aluminum alloy/magnesium alloy dissimilar metal material product can be ensured to be braze-welded without brazing flux in the atmospheric environment. The invention has the advantages of strong adaptability, convenient use and reliable use. The welding quality and the service performance of the product are ensured.
Claims (9)
1. A brazing connection method of aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: according to the required solder amount, the metal Sn and the metal Zn are mixed according to the proportion of 7: 3, accurately weighing;
s2: preheating a ceramic crucible by using a crucible resistance furnace;
s3: after the preheating process is finished, adding the metal Zn weighed in the step S1 and a certain amount of surface covering agent into a ceramic crucible, and continuing heating in a crucible resistance furnace;
s4: after the heating in the step S3 is finished, taking out the ceramic crucible, stirring the ceramic crucible by using a metal rod, adding the metal Sn weighed in the step S1 after the metal Zn is completely melted, and then putting the metal Sn into a crucible resistance furnace to continue heating for not less than 10 min;
s5: after step S4, taking out the ceramic crucible, stirring the ceramic crucible by using a metal rod, pouring the ceramic crucible into a model, cooling the model, removing the model, and washing the model by using clear water for subsequent use;
s6: polishing the surfaces to be welded of the aluminum alloy and the magnesium alloy and the brazing filler metal prepared in the steps S1-S5 by using sand paper;
s7: carrying out chemical corrosion treatment on the aluminum alloy;
s8: assembling the brazing filler metal with the aluminum alloy and the magnesium alloy, and ensuring that a welding gap is smaller than 100 um;
s9: starting an ultrasonic generator to assist the brazing process;
s10: putting the aluminum alloy and the magnesium alloy which are assembled in the S8 into an induction brazing coil for welding, wherein the welding temperature is 330 +/-10 ℃, preserving the heat for 5S, and then cooling to room temperature;
s11: the part is heat treated to relieve stress.
2. The method of brazing an aluminum alloy and a magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, the crucible resistance furnace preheating temperature is 300 ℃ ± 10 ℃.
3. The method of brazing an aluminum alloy and a magnesium alloy as recited in claim 2, wherein: in the step S3, a KCl/LiCl eutectic mixture is used as a surface covering agent; the amount of the surface covering agent used depends on whether Zn is completely covered without exposure to air; the heating temperature of the crucible resistance furnace is 450 +/-10 ℃, and the heating time is 20 min.
4. A method of brazing an aluminum alloy and a magnesium alloy according to claim 3, wherein: in the step S4, the metal rod used is an aluminum rod coated with boron nitride on the surface.
5. The method of brazing an aluminum alloy and a magnesium alloy as recited in claim 4, wherein: in the step S5, a model of 5mm × 2mm × 2mm is used.
6. The method of brazing an aluminum alloy and a magnesium alloy as recited in claim 5, wherein: in step S6, 180-mesh, 400-mesh, and 600-mesh sandpaper is used to grind from low to high.
7. The method of brazing an aluminum alloy and a magnesium alloy as recited in claim 6, wherein: in the step S7, the chemical etching method is to etch the aluminum alloy by using NaOH solution with concentration of 10% and temperature of 70-100 ℃, then neutralize the aluminum alloy by using HNO3 with concentration of 10%, and then ultrasonically clean the aluminum alloy for 15min by using absolute ethyl alcohol.
8. The method of brazing an aluminum alloy and a magnesium alloy as recited in claim 7, wherein: in step S9, the amplitude of the ultrasonic wave used is 3um to 10 um.
9. The method of brazing an aluminum alloy and a magnesium alloy as recited in claim 8, wherein: in the step S11, an air circulation furnace is used for heat treatment, the heat preservation temperature is 135 ℃ plus or minus 5 ℃, the heat preservation time is 2.5-3 h, and the cooling mode is air cooling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110115116.XA CN112894044A (en) | 2021-01-28 | 2021-01-28 | Brazing connection method of aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110115116.XA CN112894044A (en) | 2021-01-28 | 2021-01-28 | Brazing connection method of aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy |
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| CN112894044A true CN112894044A (en) | 2021-06-04 |
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| CN202110115116.XA Pending CN112894044A (en) | 2021-01-28 | 2021-01-28 | Brazing connection method of aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy |
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| EP0914897A1 (en) * | 1997-09-16 | 1999-05-12 | Mazda Motor Corporation | A joined metal member and a method and an apparatus for fabricating the same |
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| CN101362240A (en) * | 2008-09-19 | 2009-02-11 | 北京工业大学 | Precise ultrasonic assistant brazing device of magnesium alloy and composite material thereof and device thereof |
| CN101700592A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2010-05-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for soldering specific metal difficult to solder by ion injection deposition pretreatment |
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| CN101362240A (en) * | 2008-09-19 | 2009-02-11 | 北京工业大学 | Precise ultrasonic assistant brazing device of magnesium alloy and composite material thereof and device thereof |
| CN101700592A (en) * | 2009-11-27 | 2010-05-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for soldering specific metal difficult to solder by ion injection deposition pretreatment |
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| US20150196965A1 (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2015-07-16 | Henan Jingtai Areospace High-Novel Materials Technology Co. Ltd | Laser Guided Nano-Brazing Method for Reinforced Aluminum Composite Material having High Volume Fraction Silicon Carbide Particles |
| CN104439590A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-03-25 | 中国矿业大学 | Brazing technique for 6061 aluminum alloy and AZ31B magnesium alloy |
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Application publication date: 20210604 |