CN104259663B - The dissimilar material joining method of niti-shaped memorial alloy and copper alloy and fixture thereof - Google Patents
The dissimilar material joining method of niti-shaped memorial alloy and copper alloy and fixture thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104259663B CN104259663B CN201410449257.5A CN201410449257A CN104259663B CN 104259663 B CN104259663 B CN 104259663B CN 201410449257 A CN201410449257 A CN 201410449257A CN 104259663 B CN104259663 B CN 104259663B
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- niti
- welding
- alloy
- shaped memorial
- copper
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
- B23K37/0435—Clamps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/12—Copper or alloys thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/14—Titanium or alloys thereof
Abstract
The present invention relates to material, machinery, a kind of niti-shaped memorial alloy of technical field and the method for laser welding of copper alloy such as electric, belong to technical field of dissimilar material connection.The method utilizes the high conductivity of copper and the super-elasticity of Nitinol or shape memory characteristic to realize the function such as sensor, actuator.Processing step comprises: after the surface to be welded of niti-shaped memorial alloy and copper alloy silk, band or sheet material is polished and cleaned, adopt the mode of overlap joint or docking, utilize design fixture, adopt Nd:YAG laser instrument to niti-shaped memorial alloy part or link position heating, adjustment laser and heat treatment process parameter can obtain high strength, zero defect, low-impedance welding dissimilar materials joint.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to dissimilar material joining technology, is specifically a kind ofly relate to material, machinery, electronics, a kind of niti-shaped memorial alloy of the technical field such as electric and copper alloy dissimilar material joining method.
Background technology
Niti-shaped memorial alloy is a kind of intellectual material be most widely used, and wherein NiTi atomic percent is about 1:1, has special SME (shapememoryeffect, SME) and super-elasticity (pseudoelasticity, PE).In addition, also have that specific strength is high, antifatigue, a characteristic such as corrosion-resistant, in Aero-Space, instrument and meter and medical field are all used widely.At present, be that the intellectual material of representative has started progressively to be applied to electronics, electric field with niti-shaped memorial alloy, comprise fastening components and parts, electric connector, electricity/hot driver etc.This just proposes higher, harsher requirement to material property.Because the resistivity of niti-shaped memorial alloy is higher, homogenous material is difficult to meet the requirement of electronic product to serviceability, in addition, in order to realize Long-distance Control and operation, the copper alloy by niti-shaped memorial alloy and electronics, electric field are commonly used also is needed to couple together.Because the fusing point of niti-shaped memorial alloy and copper alloy foreign material, difference of linear expansion are comparatively large, electricity and the mechanical property of joint are had a strong impact on.The subject matter existed is: copper alloy is higher to sharp light reflectance, and during Laser Welding, fusion area, heat affected area generate a large amount of copper-titanium intermetallic compound and (mainly comprise: Cu
4ti, Cu
2ti, Cu
3ti
2, Cu
4ti
3, CuTi, and CuTi
2deng), significantly reduce the intensity of welding point, toughness and conductance.This also become restriction marmem product electronics, electrically in serviceability improve and the major technology bottleneck of extensive use.Therefore, research and development niti-shaped memorial alloy and copper alloy dissimilar material joining technology have important practical value and wide application prospect.
The invention of the patent No. 200910035281.3 relates to a kind of method for laser welding of red copper, relates to welding technology field.Be specially: stainless steel thin slice is placed in red copper along fusion length aspect, carry out laser weld with Nd:YAG laser instrument, adopt inert gas shielding; The technological parameter of laser weld is: laser output power P=3 ~ 4kW, welding speed V=8 ~ 15mm/s, spot diameter d=0.5 ~ 1mm; Stainless steel thin slice and red copper surface gap are less than 0.5mm; Stainless steel sheet thickness is at 0.1mm ~ 0.5mm.The present invention can obtain the weld seam of larger fusion penetration at lower power, and welding line joint is smooth attractive in appearance, and combination property is good.
The invention of the patent No. 201110037046.7 relates to material, machinery, a kind of TiNi marmem of the technical field such as electric, medical and austenitic stainless steel dissimilar material joining method, belongs to dissimilar material joining technology.The method is for TiNi marmem and austenitic stainless steel welding dissimilar materials sex chromosome mosaicism, infinitely dissolve each other based on copper and nickel, copper and titanium, iron, the limited solid solution of chromium, copper solid solution has the features such as the fragility of higher intensity and plasticity and copper-titanium intermetallic compound is lower, by adopting fine copper packing material (copper intermediate layer or copperwelding rod) and reducing TiNi alloy mother metal penetration ratio, make weld metal zone separate out copper solid solution, reduce brittle intermetallic thing, improve intensity and the toughness of TiNi marmem and stainless steel dissimilar material welding point.Processing step of the present invention is: add fine copper intermediate layer (fine copper welding wire) → adjustment heat source position → weld shielding → molten solder.
The invention of the patent No. 201310106120.5 relates to a kind of laser braze welding method of Ti-Ni marmem and xenogenesis light metal, belongs to technical field of dissimilar material connection.After the surface to be welded of TiNi marmem and xenogenesis light metal polishes flat, cleaning-drying; Welding adopts overlapping mode, using xenogenesis light metal as upper plate, be overlapped on lower plate TiNi marmem, solder is placed on lower plate TiNi marmem, and is close to the bond end of xenogenesis light metal, adopt laser to solder heat, stay after fusing until solder, load ultrasonic wave vibration at the edge of lower plate TiNi marmem, impel solder to fill weld seam, last air cooling takes out.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the method for laser welding providing a kind of niti-shaped memorial alloy and copper alloy at this, the method utilizes the high conductivity of copper and the super-elasticity of Nitinol or shape memory characteristic to realize the function such as sensor, actuator.After the surface to be welded of niti-shaped memorial alloy and copper alloy silk, band or sheet material is polished and is cleaned, adopt the mode of overlap joint or docking, utilize design fixture, adopt Nd:YAG laser instrument to niti-shaped memorial alloy part or link position heating, adjustment laser and heat treatment process parameter can obtain high strength, zero defect, low-impedance welding dissimilar materials joint.
The present invention is achieved in that the dissimilar material joining method of a kind of niti-shaped memorial alloy of structure and copper alloy, it is characterized in that, carries out according to following processing step:
A, heat source position and welding procedure: adopt docking or overlap joint welding manner, laser thermal source deflection fusing point comparatively dilute copper alloy side during butt welding, utilizes the feature of copper alloy mobility to realize effectively connecting;
During red copper-Nitinol overlap joint welding, Nitinol is placed in top, adopts clamp pressing, reduces the impact of red copper high reflectance;
During brass-Nitinol overlap joint welding, brass is placed in top, adopts clamp pressing, reduces the weld blowhole and crackle that cause due to Zn-ef ficiency evaporation; Suitable laser technical parameters is adopted to improve property of welded joint;
B, post weld heat treatment: postwelding integrally annealed heat treatment, be conducive to regulating seam organization pattern and crystallite dimension, reduce the hysteresis quality of austeno-martensite phase transition temperature.
According to a kind of niti-shaped memorial alloy of the present invention and copper alloy method for laser welding, it is characterized in that, copper alloy is red copper, brass alloys.
According to the dissimilar material joining method of niti-shaped memorial alloy of the present invention and copper alloy; it is characterized in that: laser welding process parameter: laser peak power 1.5-5kW; pulse width 10-30ms; speed of welding 4-25mm/s; shield gas flow rate: 20-40CFH; post weld heat treatment temperature: 400-500 DEG C, temperature retention time: 5-20min.
A kind of fixture realizing above-mentioned method of attachment, it is characterized in that: this fixture is used for carrying out laser weld to niti-shaped memorial alloy and copper alloy band, sheet material and silk, realize gapless to compress and two-sided gas shield, reduce weld metal zone brittle intermetallic thing, improve intensity and the toughness of welding point;
This fixture comprises base, fixture and upper strata protective gas lid three part;
Base is bolted at workbench, middle fluting, and for clamping titanium-nickel wire and copper wire, sheet material, chassis left side circular hole is logical protective gas hole;
Fixture is made up of some cuboid blocks, is bolted with base; Fixture bottom slot, in order to realize the fixing of top welding material;
Opening circular hole in the middle of protective gas lid is laser hole, and left side circular hole is protective gas hole; The corresponding fixture of front and back groove, is connected with base by bolt.
The invention has the advantages that: the method for laser welding of niti-shaped memorial alloy of the present invention and copper alloy, the method utilizes the high conductivity of copper and the super-elasticity of Nitinol or shape memory characteristic to realize the function such as sensor, actuator.After the surface to be welded of niti-shaped memorial alloy and copper alloy silk, band or sheet material is polished and is cleaned, adopt the mode of overlap joint or docking, utilize design fixture, adopt Nd:YAG laser instrument to niti-shaped memorial alloy part or link position heating, adjustment laser and heat treatment process parameter can obtain high strength, zero defect, low-impedance welding dissimilar materials joint.And there is following advantage:
(1) solution strengthening of α-copper, improve intensity and the toughness of welding point, shear tension intensity can arrive more than 80% of copper base metal;
(2) electrical conductivity of welding point is about the 70%-85% of copper base metal;
(3) SME recovery rate >=90%, temperature lag reduces 10-15 DEG C compared with niti-shaped memorial alloy mother metal.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1-2 is fixture overall schematic of the present invention
Fig. 3-6 is base schematic diagrames
Fig. 7-11 is fixture schematic diagrames
Figure 12-15 is protective gas lid schematic diagrames.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1-15, the present invention is described in detail, is clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, and obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in the figure, the present invention relates to material, machinery, a kind of niti-shaped memorial alloy of technical field and the method for laser welding of copper alloy such as electric, belong to technical field of dissimilar material connection.The method utilizes the high conductivity of copper and the super-elasticity of Nitinol or shape memory characteristic to realize the function such as sensor, actuator.
Processing step comprises: after the surface to be welded of niti-shaped memorial alloy and copper alloy silk, band or sheet material is polished and cleaned, adopt the mode of overlap joint or docking, utilize design fixture, adopt Nd:YAG laser instrument to niti-shaped memorial alloy part or link position heating, adjustment laser and heat treatment process parameter can obtain high strength, zero defect, low-impedance welding dissimilar materials joint.
Citing below describes the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail:
Embodiment 1, method of the present invention is adopted to carry out nitinol alloy wire and red copper band laser weld.The diameter of nitinol alloy wire is 0.70mm, and the interface dimensions of red copper band is 2.00mm(width) * 0.50mm (thickness).Nitinol alloy wire is placed in above red copper band, adopts self-made clamp to compress (not staying gap), form foreign material lap joint with pulse laser thermal source fusing nitinol alloy wire and part brass strips.Laser welding process parameter: peak power 2.2KW, pulsewidth 20ms, pulse energy 26.9J; Solder joint coincidence factor 60%; Protective gas (Ar) flow 40CFH; Post weld heat treatment temperature: 400 DEG C, temperature retention time: 20min.The shearing resistance of nitinol alloy wire-brass strips foreign material laser lap joint can reach 266N, and deformation recovery rate reaches 92%.
Embodiment 2, method of the present invention is adopted to carry out Nitinol band and brass strips laser weld.The interface dimensions of Nitinol band is 2.00mm(width) * 0.40mm (thickness), the interface dimensions of brass strips is 2.00mm(width) * 0.50mm (thickness).Brass strips is placed in upper end, adopts self-made clamp to compress (not staying gap), form brass-Nitinol foreign material lap joint with pulse laser thermal source fusing brass strips.Laser welding process parameter: peak power 2.4KW, pulsewidth 30ms, pulse energy 36.6J; Solder joint coincidence factor 50%; Protective gas (Ar) flow 40CFH; Post weld heat treatment temperature: 400 DEG C, temperature retention time: 10min.The shearing resistance of nitinol alloy wire-brass strips foreign material laser lap joint can reach 242N, and deformation recovery rate reaches 90%.
Embodiment 3, method of the present invention is adopted to carry out nitinol alloy wire and copper wire laser weld.The diameter of nitinol alloy wire is 0.40mm, and the diameter of copper wire is 0.40mm.By parallel with copper wire for nitinol alloy wire placement, adopt self-made clamp to compress (not staying gap), form foreign material butt welded joint with pulse laser thermal source fusing linkage interface band.Laser welding process parameter: peak power 1.6KW, pulsewidth 20ms, pulse energy 18.8J; Solder joint coincidence factor 60%; Protective gas (Ar) flow 30L/min; Post weld heat treatment temperature: 450-500 DEG C, temperature retention time: 10min.The tensile strength of nitinol alloy wire-brass strips foreign material laser lap joint can reach more than 260Mpa, and temperature lag is reduction 12 DEG C compared with niti-shaped memorial alloy mother metal.
Fixture of the present invention is used for carrying out laser weld to niti-shaped memorial alloy and copper alloy band, sheet material and silk, realizes gapless and compresses and two-sided gas shield, reduce weld metal zone brittle intermetallic thing, improves intensity and the toughness of welding point; This fixture mainly comprises three parts, i.e. base 1, fixture 2 and upper strata protective gas lid 3.Base 1 is bolted at workbench, middle fluting 1a, for clamping titanium-nickel wire and copper wire, sheet material etc., can according to different materials, fluting shape and size that structural design is different, and chassis left side circular hole 1b is logical protective gas hole; Fixture 2 is made up of some cuboid blocks, is bolted with base.Fixture bottom slot, in order to realize the fixing of top welding material.Such as titanium-nickel wire and the overlap welding of red copper sheet material connect, and so NiTi is upper, red copper under; Namely base opens the cuboid groove of red copper sheet material, and fixture opens the semi-circular groove of titanium-nickel wire; For another example NiTi sheet material and the overlap welding of brass sheet material connect, and so brass sheet material is upper, NiTi sheet material under; Namely base opens the cuboid groove of NiTi sheet material, and fixture opens the cuboid groove of NiTi sheet material; The and for example docking welding of titanium-nickel wire and copper wire, namely at base and fixture equal open semicircle shape groove, in order to fix two silk threads.Open circular hole 3a in the middle of protective gas lid 3, be laser hole, left side circular hole 3b is protective gas hole; The corresponding fixture of front and back groove 3c, is connected with base by bolt.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are realized or uses the present invention.To be apparent for those skilled in the art to the multiple amendment of these embodiments, General Principle as defined herein can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention can not be restricted to these embodiments shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (1)
1. a dissimilar material joining method for niti-shaped memorial alloy and copper alloy, is characterized in that, carries out according to following processing step:
A, heat source position and welding procedure: adopt docking or overlap joint welding manner, laser thermal source deflection fusing point comparatively dilute copper alloy side during butt welding, utilizes the feature of copper alloy mobility to realize effectively connecting;
During red copper-niti-shaped memorial alloy overlap joint welding, niti-shaped memorial alloy is placed in top, adopts clamp pressing, reduces the impact of red copper high reflectance;
During brass-niti-shaped memorial alloy overlap joint welding, brass is placed in top, adopts clamp pressing, reduces the weld blowhole and crackle that cause due to Zn-ef ficiency evaporation; Laser technical parameters is adopted to improve property of welded joint; Laser welding process parameter: laser peak power 1.5-5kW, pulse width 10-30ms, speed of welding 4-25mm/s, shield gas flow rate: 20-40CFH;
B, post weld heat treatment: postwelding integrally annealed heat treatment, be conducive to regulating seam organization pattern and crystallite dimension, reduce the hysteresis quality of austeno-martensite phase transition temperature; Post weld heat treatment temperature: 400-500 DEG C, temperature retention time: 5-20min;
Following clamp pressing is adopted when niti-shaped memorial alloy welds with copper alloy, this fixture is used for carrying out laser weld to niti-shaped memorial alloy and copper alloy band, sheet material and silk, realize gapless to compress and two-sided gas shield, reduce weld metal zone brittle intermetallic thing, improve intensity and the toughness of welding point;
This fixture comprises base (1), fixture (2) and upper strata protective gas lid (3) three part;
Base (1) is bolted on the table, middle fluting (1a), and for clamping niti-shaped memorial alloy silk, copper alloy silk and sheet material, chassis left side circular hole (1b) is logical protective gas hole;
Fixture (2) is made up of some cuboid blocks, is bolted with base (1); Fixture bottom slot (2a), in order to realize the fixing of top welding material;
Opening circular hole (3a) in the middle of protective gas lid (3) is laser hole, and left side circular hole (3b) is protective gas hole; Front and back groove (3c) corresponding fixture (2), are connected with base by bolt.
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| CN201410449257.5A CN104259663B (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2014-08-29 | The dissimilar material joining method of niti-shaped memorial alloy and copper alloy and fixture thereof |
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| CN201410449257.5A CN104259663B (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2014-08-29 | The dissimilar material joining method of niti-shaped memorial alloy and copper alloy and fixture thereof |
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| CN104259663B true CN104259663B (en) | 2016-03-02 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106392324A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-15 | 电子科技大学 | Electric-thermal driving type connecting method for shape memory alloy and driving assembly |
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| CN104259663A (en) | 2015-01-07 |
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