CN102615402A - Tungsten electrode argon arc welding method for filler wires of titanium alloy and aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Tungsten electrode argon arc welding method for filler wires of titanium alloy and aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN102615402A CN102615402A CN2012101233279A CN201210123327A CN102615402A CN 102615402 A CN102615402 A CN 102615402A CN 2012101233279 A CN2012101233279 A CN 2012101233279A CN 201210123327 A CN201210123327 A CN 201210123327A CN 102615402 A CN102615402 A CN 102615402A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tungsten electrode argon arc welding method for filler wires of a titanium alloy and an aluminum alloy. The method comprises the following steps of: cleaning the surfaces to be connected of the titanium alloy and the aluminum alloy and the surfaces of Al-Mg alloy system welding wires for filling; horizontally splicing a titanium alloy plate with an aluminum alloy plate; controlling the heat distribution by means of tungsten electrode argon arcs, and performing tungsten electrode argon arc welding on the filler wires; and simultaneously protecting the front surface and the rear surface by using pure argon in the welding process, wherein the welding process parameters are as follows: 12 to 15 V of welding voltage, 90 to 120 A of welding current, 50 to 80 mm/min of welding speed, and 10 to 15 L/min of argon flow. The tungsten electrode argon arc welding method for the filler wires of the titanium alloy and the aluminum alloy has the advantages of convenience for operation, stable performance of joints, low cost, convenience for popularization and application and the like and is particularly suitable for welding of the titanium alloy and an aluminum magnesium alloy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the welding technology field of foreign material, the silk filling tungsten argon arc soldering method of particularly a kind of titanium alloy and aluminium alloy.
Background technology
Titanium alloy and aluminium alloy are that structural material is comparatively widely used in fields such as Aero-Space, chemical industry, automobile.Because the intensity and the hear resistance of aluminium alloy are lower; And titanium alloy density is bigger; Price is higher; The composite component that adopts titanium and aluminium alloy to be formed by connecting not only can be given full play to the performance potential of titanium, aluminium and alloy thereof, can also reduce component quality, the requirement that reduces production costs and satisfy its special comprehensive serviceability.Yet; Physical properties such as the fusing point of titanium and aluminium alloy, thermal conductivity, thermal coefficient of expansion and crystal structure are widely different; Ti, two kinds of metal liquid-phase mixing of Al generate a large amount of fragility Ti-Al intermetallic compounds easily during welding; Form weld crack, reduce the combination property of joint, be difficult to satisfy the instructions for use of weldment.
At present, the welding of titanium and Al dissimilar materials mainly adopts solid-state diffusion weldering, vacuum brazing, Liquid Phase Diffusion to be connected and the Laser Welding method.When adopting vacuum brazing method to connect titanium and aluminium and alloy thereof, need the composition and the brazing temperature of strict control solder alloy; When diffusion connects titanium and aluminium and alloy thereof, carry out aluminising in advance on the titanium surface before needing to connect and handle complex procedures; Titanium and aluminum alloy joint that vacuum brazing and diffusion welding method obtain are applicable to the occasion that the butt joint requirement of strength is not high mostly.When adopting Laser Welding to connect titanium and aluminium and alloy thereof, strict to the assembly precision of weldment, and equipment cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for solving the deficiency of above-mentioned existing solder technology; The silk filling tungsten argon arc soldering method of a kind of titanium alloy and aluminium alloy is provided; This method adopts Al-Mg alloy system welding wire that titanium and aluminium alloy are carried out argon tungsten-arc welding; The preparatory aluminising of not only having avoided relating in the vacuum diffusion welding technology is handled, and has reduced the welding cost of vacuum environment or lasing condition again.Therefore, this welding procedure has characteristics such as flexible operation is simple, cost is low, easy to utilize, is applicable to the welding of titanium and aluminium and alloy thereof.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme.
The silk filling tungsten argon arc soldering method of titanium alloy according to the invention and aluminium alloy may further comprise the steps:
(1) surface to be connected and the filling of titanium alloy and aluminium alloy are cleared up with Al-Mg alloy system welding wire surface;
(2) titanium alloy is docked placement with the aluminium alloy plate level;
(3) adopt the tungsten argon arc welding that fills silk of tungsten argon arc control heat distribution; Adopting pure argon to carry out the positive back side in the welding process protects simultaneously; Welding condition is: weldingvoltage is 12-15V; Welding current is 90-120A, and speed of welding is 50-80mm/min, and argon flow amount is 10-15L/min.
The removing surface step to be connected of titanium alloy described in the said step (1) and aluminium alloy is process blasting treatment earlier, polishes then, makes the roughness of surface to be welded reach Ra 1.6-3.2.
That the removing surface step to be connected of titanium alloy described in the said step (1) and aluminium alloy is the joint is clean with sand papering, until exposing metallic luster fully.
Filling described in the said step (1) is that welding wire is carried out pickling with the cleaning of Al-Mg alloy system welding wire surface, and pickle adopts 50%H
2O+50%HNO
3Solution is used flushing with clean water after soaking 15-20min, welding immediately after the oven dry.
Al-Mg alloy system welding wire described in the said step (1) is the Al-Mg5 alloy welding wire, and composition is: Mg 4.5-6.0, Fe 0.1-0.2, Si 0.1-0.2; Cr0.1, Cu 0.03-0.04, Zn 0.05-0.08, Mn 0.10-0.15; Ti 0.1-0.2, surplus is Al, in mass percent.
The diameter of Al-Mg alloy system welding wire is 2.0-2.5mm described in the said step (1).
In the affiliated step (2), the fit-up gap of titanium alloy and aluminium alloy is 0.05mm-0.15mm, and titanium alloy one side is opened 30 ° of-45 ° of single face V-butts, and root face is 1mm.
Pure argon purity described in the said step (3) is greater than 99.98%.
Tungsten-thorium electrode is adopted in the welding of tungsten argon arc described in the said step (3), and the content of tungsten is 99.9%, tungsten electrode diameter 2mm, and the end is taper.
The positive back side described in the said step (3) is protected simultaneously and is, the positive weld seam both sides blowing argon gas that adopts is protected, and gas flow is 12-15L/min; Back of weld adopts the red copper backing plate that has vent cap to carry out the applying argon gas protection simultaneously, and gas flow is 10-12L/min.
In the said step (3), before the argon arc welding, earlier to weldment just, the logical simultaneously argon shield 5-10min in the back side; In the welding process, should keep 75 ° of-80 ° of angles between welding wire and butt plates welding spare; Welding wire along the molten bath front end send into the molten bath steadily, uniformly, keep the welding wire end in the argon shield district; After the blow-out of weld seam ending, continue logical argon shield 3-8min, when weld seam and heat affected area metal are cooled to below 300 ℃, can remove torch neck.
The present invention is a fusing point difference of utilizing titanium and two kinds of mother metals of aluminium alloy; Adopt the tungsten argon arc control welding temperature that fills silk; Low-melting aluminium alloy is melted fully; And dystectic titanium alloy fraction fusing even keep solid-state generates the Ti-Al intermetallic compound of a large amount of fragility to avoid two kinds of metal liquid phase Ti, Al to mix, to obtain flawless, argon tungsten-arc welding welding point that appearance of weld is good.
Titanium alloy and aluminium alloy fusing point differ bigger, and it is 640-670 ℃ Al-Mg5 welding wire that the present invention proposes to adopt fusing point, and filler wire is filled metal and the abundant melt-blended after coagulation formation of aluminium alloy mother metal weld seam in the welding process, and has obvious fusion area; The formation soldering is connected and the high-melting-point titanium alloy is with the generation interaction of filler wire filling metal, can obtain appearance of weld welding point attractive in appearance, flawless.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows that easy to operate, joint performance is stablized, cost is low, easy to utilize, is particularly useful for the welding of titanium alloy and almag.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1:
The silk filling argon tungsten-arc welding of TA15 titanium alloy and 5A06 aluminium alloy plate.The TA15 titanium alloy sheet is of a size of 100mm * 40mm, and thickness is 2mm; The 5A06 aluminium alloy plate is of a size of 100mm * 80mm, and thickness is 2mm.
The first step, the surface treatment of TA15 titanium alloy sheet, 5A06 aluminium alloy plate and welding wire:
Earlier that the banjo fixing butt jointing place of TA15 titanium alloy and 5A06 aluminium alloy is clean with sand papering, make surface to be welded expose metallic luster, surface roughness reaches Ra 1.6-3.2;
Adopt diameter be the Al-Mg5 alloy system welding wire of 2.0mm as filling metal, before the weldering with sand paper with the welding wire surface polishing to exposing metallic luster.
Second step, the assembling of TA15 titanium alloy and 5A06 aluminium alloy plate:
The TA15 titanium alloy is docked placement with 5A06 aluminium alloy plate level, and the fit-up gap is 0.05mm-0.08mm.
The 3rd step, the welding of TA15 titanium alloy and 5A06 aluminium alloy plate:
Adopt the argon tungsten-arc welding that fills silk to weld, technological parameter is: weldingvoltage 12V, and welding current 105-110A, speed of welding is 60mm/min, argon flow amount is 8-10L/min;
Adopt the positive back side of weld seam safeguard measure simultaneously, the front is weld seam both sides blowing argon gas, and gas flow is 12-15L/min; The red copper backing plate applying argon gas protection that has vent cap is adopted at the back side, and gas flow is 10-12L/min.
Before the weldering, earlier to weldment just, the logical simultaneously argon shield 8min in the back side, protective gas is a purity greater than 99.98% argon gas.
In the welding process, keep 75 ° of angles between welding wire and weldment.Welding wire along the molten bath front end send into the molten bath steadily, uniformly, must not the argon shield district be shifted out in the welding wire end.
After the blow-out of weld seam ending, continue logical argon shield 5min, when weld seam and heat affected area metal are cooled to below 300 ℃, can remove torch neck.
Resulting TA15 titanium alloy and 5A06 aluminium alloy banjo fixing butt jointing appearance of weld are attractive in appearance.Do not find microdefects such as crackle, pore through the metallography microscope sem observation, connector area combines good.
Embodiment 2:
The silk filling argon tungsten-arc welding of TA15 titanium alloy and 5A06 aluminium alloy plate.
The TA15 titanium alloy sheet is of a size of 100mm * 40mm, and thickness is 3mm; The 5A06 aluminium alloy plate is of a size of 100mm * 80mm, and thickness is 3mm.
Prepare before the first step, the weldering of TA15 titanium alloy sheet, 5A06 aluminium alloy plate and welding wire:
Earlier TA15 titanium alloy sheet face to be connected being processed groove angle is that 30 °, root face are the groove of 2mm; Then with groove and the periphery with sand papering totally to exposing metallic luster;
With sand paper that the polishing of 5A06 aluminium alloy welding surface is clean, make surface roughness reach Ra1.6-3.2;
Adopt diameter be the Al-Mg5 alloy system welding wire of 2.4mm as filling metal, before the weldering with sand paper with the welding wire surface polishing to exposing metallic luster.
Second step, the assembling of TA15 titanium alloy and 5A06 aluminium alloy plate:
The TA15 titanium alloy is docked placement with 5A06 aluminium alloy plate level, and the fit-up gap is 0.08mm-0.12mm.
The 3rd step, the welding of TA15 titanium alloy and 5A06 aluminium alloy plate:
Adopt the argon tungsten-arc welding that fills silk to weld, technological parameter is: weldingvoltage 12V, and welding current 105-110A, speed of welding is 70mm/min, argon flow amount is 8-10L/min;
Adopt the positive back side of weld seam safeguard measure simultaneously, the front is weld seam both sides blowing argon gas, and gas flow is 12-15L/min; The red copper backing plate applying argon gas protection that has vent cap is adopted at the back side, and gas flow is 10-12L/min.
Before the weldering, earlier to weldment just, the logical simultaneously argon shield 10min in the back side, protective gas is a purity greater than 99.98% argon gas.
In the welding process, keep 75 ° of angles between welding wire and weldment.Welding wire along the molten bath front end send into the molten bath steadily, uniformly, must not the argon shield district be shifted out in the welding wire end.
After the blow-out of weld seam ending, continue logical argon shield 8min, when weld seam and heat affected area metal are cooled to below 300 ℃, can remove torch neck.
Resulting TA15 titanium alloy and 5A06 aluminium alloy banjo fixing butt jointing appearance of weld are attractive in appearance.Do not find microdefects such as crackle, pore through the metallography microscope sem observation, connector area combines good.
Claims (10)
1. the silk filling tungsten argon arc soldering method of titanium alloy and aluminium alloy comprises the steps:
(1) surface to be connected and the filling of titanium alloy and aluminium alloy are cleared up with Al-Mg alloy system welding wire surface;
(2) titanium alloy is docked placement with the aluminium alloy plate level;
(3) adopt the tungsten argon arc welding that fills silk of tungsten argon arc control heat distribution; Adopting pure argon to carry out the positive back side in the welding process protects simultaneously; Welding condition is: weldingvoltage is 12-15V; Welding current is 90-120A, and speed of welding is 50-80mm/min, and argon flow amount is 10-15L/min.
2. the silk filling tungsten argon arc soldering method of titanium alloy as claimed in claim 1 and aluminium alloy; It is characterized in that in the said step (2), the fit-up gap of titanium alloy and aluminium alloy is 0.05mm-0.15mm; Titanium alloy one side is opened 30 ° of-45 ° of single face V-butts, and root face is 1mm.
3. the silk filling tungsten argon arc soldering method of titanium alloy as claimed in claim 1 and aluminium alloy; It is characterized in that; The removing surface step to be connected of titanium alloy described in the said step (1) and aluminium alloy is earlier through blasting treatment; Polish then, make the roughness of surface to be welded reach Ra 1.6-3.2.
4. the silk filling tungsten argon arc soldering method of titanium alloy as claimed in claim 1 and aluminium alloy; It is characterized in that that the removing surface step to be connected of titanium alloy described in the said step (1) and aluminium alloy is the joint is clean with sand papering, until exposing metallic luster fully.
5. the silk filling tungsten argon arc soldering method of titanium alloy as claimed in claim 1 and aluminium alloy is characterized in that, the filling described in the said step (1) is that welding wire is carried out pickling with the cleaning of Al-Mg alloy system welding wire surface, and pickle adopts 50%H
2O+50%HNO
3Solution is used flushing with clean water after soaking 15-20min, welding immediately after the oven dry.
6. the silk filling tungsten argon arc soldering method of titanium alloy as claimed in claim 1 and aluminium alloy is characterized in that, the Al-Mg alloy system welding wire described in the said step (1) is the Al-Mg5 alloy welding wire, and composition is: Mg 4.5-6.0; Fe 0.1-0.2, Si 0.1-0.2, Cr0.1; Cu 0.03-0.04, Zn 0.05-0.08, Mn 0.10-0.15; Ti 0.1-0.2, surplus is Al, in mass percent.
7. the silk filling tungsten argon arc soldering method of titanium alloy as claimed in claim 1 and aluminium alloy is characterized in that the diameter of Al-Mg alloy system welding wire is 2.0-2.5mm described in the said step (1).
8. the silk filling tungsten argon arc soldering method of titanium alloy as claimed in claim 1 and aluminium alloy is characterized in that, tungsten-thorium electrode is adopted in the welding of tungsten argon arc described in the said step (3), and the content of tungsten is 99.9%, tungsten electrode diameter 2mm, and the end is taper.
9. the silk filling tungsten argon arc soldering method of titanium alloy as claimed in claim 1 and aluminium alloy is characterized in that the positive back side described in the said step (3) is protected simultaneously and is, the positive weld seam both sides blowing argon gas that adopts is protected, and gas flow is 12-15L/min; Back of weld adopts the red copper backing plate that has vent cap to carry out the applying argon gas protection simultaneously, and gas flow is 10-12L/min.
10. the silk filling tungsten argon arc soldering method of titanium alloy as claimed in claim 1 and aluminium alloy is characterized in that, in the said step (3), before the argon arc welding, earlier to weldment just, the logical simultaneously argon shield 5-10min in the back side; In the welding process, should keep 75 ° of-80 ° of angles between welding wire and butt plates welding spare; Welding wire along the molten bath front end send into the molten bath steadily, uniformly, keep the welding wire end in the argon shield district; After the blow-out of weld seam ending, continue logical argon shield 3-8min, when weld seam and heat affected area metal are cooled to below 300 ℃, can remove torch neck.
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CN102896406A (en) * | 2012-10-16 | 2013-01-30 | 夏雨 | TIG welding method of titanium alloy and pure aluminum plates |
CN103084716A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-05-08 | 山东大学 | Pulse gas metal arc welding technology of titanium-aluminium micro laminated composite |
CN103111726A (en) * | 2013-02-03 | 2013-05-22 | 马丁青 | Plating laser pretreatment impulse welding method of titanium alloy plate and pure aluminum plate |
CN103286483A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2013-09-11 | 王满玉 | Argon tungsten-arc welding method for magnesium alloys |
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CN103111726B (en) * | 2013-02-03 | 2015-12-23 | 吴刚 | A kind of coating laser pre-treated pulse welding method of titanium alloy and pure aluminum plate |
CN103111726A (en) * | 2013-02-03 | 2013-05-22 | 马丁青 | Plating laser pretreatment impulse welding method of titanium alloy plate and pure aluminum plate |
CN103084714B (en) * | 2013-02-03 | 2015-11-04 | 朱顺华 | The laser pre-treated of a kind of titanium alloy and pure aluminum sheets fills silk TIG welding method |
CN103084715B (en) * | 2013-02-03 | 2015-09-16 | 汪贤女 | The laser pre-treated of a kind of titanium plate and aluminium sheet fills silk TIG welding method |
CN103084716B (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2015-03-25 | 山东大学 | Pulse gas metal arc welding technology of titanium-aluminium micro laminated composite |
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CN103586568A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-02-19 | 国家电网公司 | Aluminum alloy thick plate welding process |
CN103537778A (en) * | 2013-10-21 | 2014-01-29 | 西安泵阀总厂有限公司 | Titaniumtim part surface overlaying and hardening technology |
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CN103878470A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2014-06-25 | 山东大学 | Tungsten electrode argon arc welding process of dissimilar materials of titanium alloy and nickel alloy |
CN104439642A (en) * | 2014-11-27 | 2015-03-25 | 芜湖中集瑞江汽车有限公司 | Inert gas arc welding technology applicable to aluminum and aluminum alloy plates with thickness ranging from 4 mm to 6 mm |
CN105382398A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-03-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学(威海) | Wire filling electron beam welding method of titanium material and aluminum alloy material |
CN114054960A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-18 | 中北大学 | ultra-Weir-arc MIG + laser double-sided composite high-speed welding method for titanium and aluminum |
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Application publication date: 20120801 |