CN103068785B - 作为香料的环己烯-衍生物和环丙烷化环己烯-衍生物 - Google Patents
作为香料的环己烯-衍生物和环丙烷化环己烯-衍生物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103068785B CN103068785B CN201180038968.8A CN201180038968A CN103068785B CN 103068785 B CN103068785 B CN 103068785B CN 201180038968 A CN201180038968 A CN 201180038968A CN 103068785 B CN103068785 B CN 103068785B
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Abstract
具有可感知的花香和柑橘香气味香型的1-(3/4-异丁基-1/6-甲基环己-3-烯基)甲醇及其衍生物,它们作为香料成分的用途和包含它们的加香产品。
Description
本发明涉及一类新颖的具有可感知的花香和柑橘香(hesperidic)气味香型的化合物以及它们作为香料成分的用途。本发明还涉及它们的生产方法以及包含它们的香料组合物和加香产品。
在香料工业中,对增强、改变或改善气味香型的新化合物存在恒定的需求。在香料领域,花香总是被热切追求的,并且许多实例已经被制造出来并商业化。特别希望的是具有柑橘香底香的花香玫瑰香香型。
已经发现1-(3/4-异丁基-1/6-甲基环己-3-烯基)甲醇及其衍生物构成一类新的、明确定义的增香剂,其显示希望的花香和柑橘香气味特征,使得它们特别适于用作香料成分。
因此,在第一个方面中,提供式(I)化合物作为香料的用途:
其中
R是在C-3或C-4的异丁基;
R'是在C-3或C-4的氢并且C-3和C-4之间的键与虚线一起表示双键;或
R'是-CH2-并与C-3和C-4一起表示环丙烷环并且C-3和C-4之间的键与虚线一起表示单键;
R1和R2彼此独立地表示选自氢、甲基和乙基的基团;
R3选自甲基和乙基;并且
R4是羟基且R5是氢;或
R1、R2和R3彼此独立地表示选自氢、甲基和乙基的基团,其中至少一个不是氢,优选其中两个不是氢;并且
R4和R5与它们所连接的碳原子一起表示羰基。
非限定性的实例是式(I)化合物,其中R4是羟基且R5是氢,并且R结合至C-4。
进一步的非限定性的实例是式(I)化合物,其中R1和R3是甲基且R2是氢或甲基。
进一步的非限定性的实例是式(I)化合物,其中R1和R2是甲基且R3是氢或甲基。
进一步的非限定性的实例是式(I)化合物,其中R1是氢,R2是甲基或乙基,R4是羟基且R5是氢。
在具体的实施方案中,式(I)化合物选自:
4-异丁基-1-甲基环己-3-烯甲醛,
4-异丁基-6-甲基环己-3-烯甲醛,
4-异丁基-1,6-二甲基环己-3-烯甲醛,
1-(4-异丁基-1,6-二甲基环己-3-烯基)乙酮,
1-(4-异丁基-6-甲基环己-3-烯基)乙醇,
1-(4-异丁基-1-甲基环己-3-烯基)乙醇,
1-(4-异丁基-1,6-二甲基环己-3-烯基)乙醇,
1-(4-异丁基-6-甲基环己-3-烯基)丙-1-醇,
1-(6-异丁基-3-甲基二环[4.1.0]庚-3-基)乙醇,和
1-(6-异丁基-4-甲基二环[4.1.0]庚-3-基)乙醇。
式(I)化合物可以单独使用,作为其混合物使用,或者与基质材料结合使用。本文中所用的“基质材料”包括选自宽范围的目前可获得的天然产物和合成分子的所有已知的增香剂分子,如精油、醇类、醛类和酮类、醚类和缩醛类、酯类和内酯类、大环化合物类和杂环化合物类,和/或与一种或多种通常与香料组合物中的增香剂结合使用的成分或赋形剂,例如载体材料,以及其他常用在本领域的助剂结合使用。
本文中所用的“香料组合物”是指任何包含至少一种式(I)化合物和基质材料的组合物,所述基质材料例如为通常与增香剂结合使用的稀释剂,如一缩二丙二醇(DPG),肉豆蔻酸异丙酯(IPM),柠檬酸三乙酯(TEC)和醇(例如乙醇),和已知的增香剂。
下列清单包括已知的增香剂分子的实例,其可以与本发明的化合物组合:
-精油和提取物,例如海狸香,木香根油,橡苔净油,香叶油,树苔净油,罗勒油,果油如香柠檬油和红桔油,香桃木油,玫瑰草油,广藿香油,橙叶油,茉莉油,玫瑰油,檀香油,苦艾油,熏衣草油或依兰-依兰油;
-醇类,例如肉桂醇,顺式-3-己烯醇,香茅醇,EbanolTM,丁子香酚,法呢醇,香叶醇,JavanolTM,芳樟醇,薄荷醇,橙花醇,苯乙醇,玫瑰醇,SandaloreTM,Super MuguetTM,萜品醇或TimberolTM;
-醛类和酮类,例如(7-(3-甲基丁基)-1,5-苯并二噁庚因-3-酮),茴香醛,α-戊基肉桂醛,GeorgywoodTM,羟基香茅醛,IsoSuper,麦芽酚,甲基柏木酮,甲基紫罗兰酮,马鞭草烯酮或香草醛;
-醚类和缩醛类,例如AmbroxTM,香叶基甲基醚,氧化玫瑰或SpirambreneTM;
-酯类和内酯类,例如乙酸苄酯,乙酸柏木酯,γ-癸内酯,γ-十一烷酸内酯或乙酸岩兰草酯;
-大环化合物类,例如黄葵内酯,十三烷二酸亚乙基酯或
-杂环化合物类,例如异丁基喹啉。
式(I)化合物可以用于宽范围的加香产品,例如用于任何精细和功能香料领域,如香水,空气护理产品,家用产品,洗衣产品,身体护理产品和化妆品。这些化合物可以以宽泛不同的量使用,取决于特定应用以及取决于其他增香剂成分的性质和用量。比例典型地为用品的0.0001-5重量%。在一个实施方案中,本发明的化合物可以以0.0001-0.05重量%的量用于织物柔软剂。在另一个实施方案中,本发明的化合物可以以0.01-3重量%,更优选0.5-2重量%的量用于精细香料。然后,这些值仅仅是以举例的方式给出。然而,这些数值仅作为实例给出,因为有经验的调香师使用较低或较高的浓度例如基于加香产品至多约10重量%也可以达到效果或可以生成新的谐香。
简单地通过将至少一种式(I)化合物或香料组合物与消费品基质直接混合就可以将上述的化合物用在消费品基质中,或者可以在之前的步骤中将它们用捕集材料进行捕集,所述捕集材料例如为聚合物、胶囊、微胶囊和纳米胶囊、脂质体、成膜剂、吸收剂如碳或沸石、环状低聚糖及其混合物,或者它们可以化学键合在底物上,键合后的物质在经历诸如光、酶等外部刺激时易于释放香料分子,随后再与消费品基质混合。
因此,本发明额外提供一种制造加香产品的方法,所述方法包括使用常规技术和方法,或者通过将化合物直接混入消费品基质中,或者通过混合包含式(I)化合物的香料/香料组合物,随后可以将其混入到消费品基质中,从而将作为香料成分的式(I)化合物结合进来。通过添加嗅觉可接受量的至少一种如上所述的本发明的化合物,消费品基质的气味香型将会被改善、增强和改变。
因此,本发明还提供改善、增强或改变消费品基质的方法,该方法通过向消费品基质中添加嗅觉可接受量的至少一种式(I)化合物来进行。
本发明还提供加香产品,所述加香产品包含:
a)作为增香剂的至少一种式(I)化合物;和
b)消费品基质。
在此使用的“消费品基质”是指用作消费品以满足例如清洁、软化和护理等特定作用的组合物。这种产品的实例包括精细香料,例如香水和化妆水;织物护理品、家用产品和个人护理产品如洗衣护理洗涤剂、冲洗调理剂、个人清洁组合物、洗碗机用洗涤剂、表面清洁剂;洗衣产品,例如柔软剂、漂白剂、洗涤剂;身体护理产品,例如洗发香波、洗浴凝胶;空气护理产品和化妆品,例如除臭剂、洁面乳。所列产品只是用于说明,不应将其视为以任何方式进行限制。
据我们所知,本文中上述如式(I)所定义的化合物在以前的文献中没有一个被描述过。从结构角度来说最接近的类似物是5-(丁-3-烯-2-基)-1-甲基环己-3-烯甲醛(其被描述为具有樟脑、草本松树气味(US3,514,489))和4-异丁基环己-3-烯甲醛(JP61-015853)。然而,后者仅作为中间体被报道。
因此,在进一步的方面中提供式(I)化合物:
其中
R是在C-3或C-4的异丁基;
R'是在C-3或C-4的氢并且C-3和C-4之间的键与虚线一起表示双键;或
R'是-CH2-并与C-3和C-4一起表示环丙烷环并且C-3和C-4之间的键与虚线一起表示单键;
R1和R2彼此独立地表示选自氢、甲基和乙基的基团;
R3选自甲基和乙基;并且
R4是羟基且R5是氢;或
R1、R2和R3彼此独立地表示选自氢、甲基和乙基的基团,其中至少一个不是氢,优选其中两个不是氢;并且
R4和R5与它们所连接的碳原子一起表示羰基。
式(I)化合物可以如以下方案1所示,由5-甲基-3-亚甲基己-1-烯2起始,通过与α,β-不饱和醛或酮的第尔斯-阿尔德(Diels-Alder)环加成制备。这一反应可以在热或催化条件下进行,所述条件影响所得环己烯衍生物3和3'的区域和立体异构体比例。第尔斯-阿尔德反应产物通过α-烷基化(如果R1=H)和还原或有机金属(例如格式试剂或烷基锂试剂)加成进一步转化,得到伯或仲醇4和4'。所述醇可以环丙烷化以得到进一步的式(I)化合物,根据已知的Simmons-Smith或Yamamoto方法,得到二环醇5和5'。仲醇4+4'和5+5'(R3≠H)可以分别被氧化成酮3+3'和相应的二环酮。后者还可以通过3+3'的直接环丙烷化得到。关于反应条件的进一步细节提供在实施例中。
方案1:
a)例如1.乙烯基MgBr;2.I2催化剂;b)R2CH=CR1C(O)R3,Δ或路易斯酸催化剂(AlCl3或BF3·Et2O);c)KOtBu,R1X;d)NaBH4或LiAlH4;e)R3MgX;或R3Li;f)重铬酸吡啶鎓;g)CH2I2,AlEt3;或CH2Br2,Zn,CuBr,CH3C(O)Br。
在实施例中描述的所有产物是得自“对位”和“间位”定向(分别为3-5和3'-5')的第尔斯-阿尔德环加成的区域异构体的混合物,前者总是主要的产物。如本领域技术人员已知的,区域异构体的比例可以通过改变第尔斯-阿尔德环加成的条件来减少或增加。在以下实施例中所报道的所有产物均为外消旋混合物。这些混合物的对映异构比例可以容易地通过使用当前用于不对称第尔斯-阿尔德反应的手性催化剂来改变。
在进一步的方面中,提供了一种方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:5-甲基-3-亚甲基己-1-烯与R2CH=CR1C(O)R3的第尔斯-阿尔德环加成,得到包含至少60重量%的式(Ia)化合物和至多40重量%的式(Ib)化合物的组合物:
其中
R'是氢并且C-3和C-4之间的键与虚线一起表示双键;
R1、R2和R3彼此独立地表示选自氢、甲基和乙基的基团,其中至少一个不是氢,优选其中两个不是氢;并且
R4和R5与它们所连接的碳原子一起表示羰基。
在进一步的实施方案中提供包含至少60重量%、优选至少80重量%(例如约90-95重量%)的式(Ia)化合物和至多40重量%、例如10-30重量%的式(Ib)化合物的混合物:
其中
R'是氢并且C-3和C-4之间的键与虚线一起表示双键;或
R'是-CH2-并与C-3和C-4一起表示环丙烷环并且C-3和C-4之间的键与虚线一起表示单键;
R1和R2彼此独立地表示选自氢、甲基和乙基的基团;
R3选自甲基和乙基;并且
R4是羟基且R5是氢;或
R1、R2和R3彼此独立地表示选自氢、甲基和乙基的基团,其中至少一个不是氢,优选其中两个不是氢;并且
R4和R5与它们所连接的碳原子一起表示羰基。
现在进一步参照下列非限制性实施例描述本发明。这些实施例仅用于示例目的且应理解本领域技术人员可以进行改变和变型。
所报道的NMR光谱是在CDCl3中在400MHz下测定的,除非另外指出;化学位移(δ)从TMS向低场以ppm为单位报道;偶合常数J的单位为Hz。GC/MS分析使用DB-5柱进行,除非另外指出。快速色谱法:Brunschwig硅胶60(32-63目)。气味描述总是指通过实施例中所报告的最后的纯化步骤所得到的异构体的混合物。
实施例1:4-异丁基-1-甲基环己-3-烯甲醛(3a)
将无水AlCl3(0.6g,4.1mmol)在剧烈搅拌和施加的缓慢氮气流下悬浮于甲苯(250ml)中。在室温下经10min添加异丁烯醛(90%工业级,14ml,160mmol),这导致温度轻微升高。搅拌15min后,经30min添加5-甲基-3-亚甲基己-1-烯2(25g,140mmol),这导致温度进一步上升至31℃。将反应混合物搅拌2h,然后用饱和NaHCO3溶液(200ml)猝灭。短暂搅拌后,分离各相,并将下层水相用甲苯(300ml)萃取。将合并的有机相用饱和酒石酸钾钠溶液(2×200ml)和水(300ml)洗涤,干燥(Na2SO4),并真空浓缩。油通过短程Vigreux蒸馏在减压下纯化,得到3a,为无色油(12g,48%产率),其含有约10%GC的异构体3'a。
3a:1H NMR:δ9.48(s,1H),5.36(sb,1H),2.35(d,J=16.7,1H),1.99-1.91(m,2H),1.89-1.78(m,4H),1.70(九重峰,1H),1.50(dt,J=12.9,6.8,1H),1.04(s,3H),0.83(d,J=6.6,3H),0.81(d,J=6.6,3H)。13C NMR:δ206.0(d),136.6(s),119.3(d),47.4(t),44.4(s),31.7(t),29.0(t),26.0(d),25.0(t),22.4(q),22.3(q),20.6(q)。MS:180(30,M+),123(56),109(33),95(100),93(41),91(31),81(64),79(32),67(40),43(67),41(44)。
3'a:MS:180(4,M+),151(44),109(26),95(100),93(33),91(26),81(47),67(27),57(26),43(32),41(35)。
气味描述:柑橘(citrus),柑橘香(hesperidic),花香,具有橙子精髓(pith)气味的海洋香,似水的气味,西瓜,茴香,木香,干香和椰子壳香调(aspect)。
实施例2:4-异丁基-6-甲基环己-3-烯甲醛(3b)
将顺式/反式巴豆醛(16g,230mmol)溶于二氯甲烷中并冷却至-30℃。在搅拌和氮气下逐渐添加BF3·OEt2(3.6ml,29mmol)。然后在-30℃下经1h添加5-甲基-3-亚甲基己-1-烯2(21g,191mmol)在二氯甲烷(50ml)中的溶液,并将容器升温至-20℃。在该温度下将溶液搅拌另外1.5h,之后倾入2M NaOH(100ml)中。短暂搅拌后,分离各相,并将下层有机相用水(100ml)和盐水(2×100ml)洗涤。将合并的水相用MTBE(150ml)萃取,分离各相,并将上层有机部分用盐水洗涤至中性。将有机相合并,干燥(Na2SO4),并在真空中浓缩,得到3b,为淡黄色油(33g,94%产率;98%纯)。产物未经进一步纯化用于下一步。
1H NMR:δ9.63(d,J=3.0,1H),5.36(sb,1H),2.32-1.99(m,5H),1.86-1.60(m,4H),1.03(d,J=6.3,3H),0.83(2d,J=6.3,6H)。13C NMR: δ205.3(s),136.4(s),118.7(d),52.5(d),47.4(t),35.1(t),28.3(d),25.9(d),23.9(t),22.5(q),22.3(q),19.7(q)。MS:180(36,M+),123(49),95(78),93(64),91(42),67(42),57(100),55(42),43(37),41(61)。
气味描述:花香,醛香,柑橘,柑橘香,果香,具有似水气味的海洋香,甜瓜香,油脂味,橙子精髓和果汁香调。
实施例3:4-异丁基-1,6-二甲基环己-3-烯甲醛(3c)
将4-异丁基-6-甲基环己-3-烯甲醛3b(8g,44mmol)溶于二氯甲烷(400ml)中,并在搅拌和氮气下冷却至-3℃。顺序添加KOtBu(6.7g,58mmol)和MeI(19g,130mmol),并将悬浮液搅拌30min,之后升温回到室温。搅拌另外3h后,将反应粗产物倾入盐水(400ml)中,搅拌10min并将各相分离。上层水相用二氯甲烷(150ml)萃取,并将有机相合并,干燥(Na2SO4),并在真空下浓缩,得到8.5g有机油(8.5g)。所述油通过快速色谱法纯化(MTBE/己烷1:9)并合并纯的级分,得到3c,为7:3非对映异构体的混合物(7g,无色油,80%产率)。将1g油蒸馏,得到样品,用于嗅觉评价。(0.52g,无色油,>99%纯)。
主要的非对映异构体:13C NMR:δ206.7(d),135.6(s),119.2(d),47.4(t),47.0(s),34.0(d),33.7(t),31.1(t),26.0(d),22.5(q),22.3(q),20.3(q),16.2(q)。MS:194(11,M+),109(100),95(39),93(20),91(22),82(43),81(29),67(23),57(21),43(34),41(37)。
次要的非对映异构体:13C NMR:δ206.7(d),135.9(s),118.3(d),48.0(s),47.3(t),33.4(t),31.7(t),31.1(d),26.0(d),22.6(q),22.2(q),16.0(q),13.7(q)。MS:194(12,M+),109(100),107(28),95(47),91(26),82(25),81(31),67(26),57(29),43(38),41(44)。
气味描述:果香,花香,青香,内酯味,油脂味。
实施例4:1-(4-异丁基-6-甲基环己-3-烯基)乙醇(4b)
将4-异丁基-6-甲基环己-3-烯甲醛3b(23g,130mmol)溶于乙醚(200ml)中。在氮气下将溶液冷却至-20℃,并经30min在搅拌下添加MeLi(1.6M,100ml,160mmol)。升温至-5℃并将反应在该温度下搅拌1h。在氮气下将反应混合物缓慢地倾入剧烈搅拌的饱和NH4Cl(150ml)和冰(100g)的混合物中。搅拌15min后,分离各相,并将下层水层用乙醚(100ml)萃取。将有机相合并,用水(100ml)洗涤,干燥(Na2SO4),并在真空下浓缩,得到24g淡黄色油。将粗油通过快速色谱法纯化(MTBE/己烷1:3),得到4b,为3:2非对映异构体的混合物(18g,72%产率,无色油,>99%纯)。随后的蒸馏提供了12.5g嗅觉纯的产物。
主要的非对映异构体:1H NMR(C6D6,500MHz):δ5.41(sb,1H),3.84(m,1H),2.12(m,1H),1.92(m,1H),1.90-1.77(m,3H),1.76-1.62(m,2H),1.56(m,1H),1.01(m,1H),0.96(d,J=6.5,3H),0.94(d,J=6.7,3H),0.90(d,J=6.5,3H),0.89(d,J=6.6,3H),0.57(db(OH),J=4.9,1H)。13C NMR(C6D6,500MHz):δ135.8(s),121.8(d),66.3(d),47.9(t),45.8(d),37.3(t),29.9(d),26.2(d),23.7(t),22.9(q),22.5(q),21.2(q),19.5(q)。MS:196(18,M+),178(41),135(77),121(38),107(40),95(47),93(100),79(38),57(73),43(30),41(29)。
次要的非对映异构体:1H NMR(C6D6,500MHz):δ5.37(m,1H),3.77(m,1H),2.14(m,1H),1.92(m,1H),1.90-1.67(m,5H),1.56(m,1H),1.31(tt,J=8.2,5.8,1H),0.94(d,J=6.6,3H),0.89(2d,J=6.5,6H),0.86(d,J=6.6,3H),0.63(db(OH),J=4.9,1H)。13C NMR(C6D6,500MHz):δ135.8(s),121.3(d),67.8(d),47.9(t),45.9(d),36.5(t),29.8(d),26.2(d),24.2(t),22.8(q),22.5(q),19.5(q),18.7(q)。MS:196(30,M+),178(46),135(81),121(45),107(46),95(74),93(100),79(39),57(75),43(39),41(34)。
气味描述:柑橘,柑橘香,花香,具有大黄气味的青香和圆柚香调。
实施例5:1-(4-异丁基-1-甲基环己-3-烯基)乙醇(4c)
将4-异丁基-1-甲基环己-3-烯甲醛3a(20g,111mmol)溶于乙醚(120ml)中,并在氮气下搅拌溶液。用冰浴保持温度低于20℃,同时经30min添加MeMgBr(3M,48ml,144mmol)。将冰浴除去并将反应搅拌另外的30min,之后在氮气下缓慢地倾入2M HCl(50ml)中。分离各相,并将上层有机相用盐水(2×100ml)洗涤两次,干燥(MgSO4),并在真空下浓缩,得到19.6g无色油。将产物通过蒸馏(0.1mbar,90℃)纯化,得到4c,为4:5非对映异构体的混合物,其含有6.5%的第三种异构体(14g,52%产率,无色油,95%纯)。
2种主要的非对映异构体:1H NMR(C6D6,500MHz):δ5.37(m,1H),5.32(m,1H),3.37-3.29(m,2H),2.09(db,J=17.1,1H),1.93-1.65(m,12H),1.59-1.47(m,2H),1.44-1.35(m,2H),1.20(dddd,J=12.8,5.8,4.0,1.8,1H),0.99-0.92(m,2H(2OH)),0.97(d,J=6.4,3H),0.94(d,J=6.4,3H),0.89(d,J=6.6,3H),0.88(d,J=6.6,3H),0.87(2d,J=6.6,6H),0.83(2s,6H)。13C NMR(C6D6,500MHz):δ135.9(s),135.4(s),121.4(d),121.0(d),74.2(d),74.1(d),47.9(2t),36.1(s),36.0(s),34.6(t),34.0(t),31.0(t),30.4(t),26.4(d),26.3(d),25.6(2t),22.9(2q),22.5(2q),18.3(q),18.1(q),17.7(q),17.5(q)。
主要的非对映异构体:(52%):MS:196(7,M+),178(45),135(99),107(60),95(100),93(63),91(28),81(38),79(46),57(36),43(33)。
次要的非对映异构体(42%):MS:196(7,M+),178(46),135(100),107(66),95(97),93(69),91(31),81(37),79(48),57(43),43(34)。
第三种异构体(6.5%):MS:196(5,M+),136(30),135(41),107(35),95(100),93(52),91(28),79(45),57(80),43(38),41(29)。
气味描述:花香,果香,具有小苍兰气味的青香,桂花,桃皮,李子和大黄香调。
实施例6:1-(4-异丁基-1,6-二甲基环己-3-烯基)乙醇(4d)
将4-异丁基-1,6-二甲基环己-3-烯甲醛3c(4.5g,23mmol)溶于乙醚(40ml)中。在氮气下将溶液冷却至0-5℃,并经40min在搅拌下添加MeMgBr(3M,12ml,35mmol)。升温至室温并持续搅拌30min。将反应混合物缓慢倾入剧烈搅拌的2M HCl和冰的混合物中。搅拌10min后,分离各相,并将下层水层用MTBE萃取两次。将有机相合并,并用饱和NaHCO3溶液和盐水洗涤至pH7。干燥(MgSO4)后,将有机相在真空下浓缩,得到4.6g淡黄色油。粗油通过快速色谱法纯化(MTBE/己烷3:7),得到4d,为1:2:3:5非对映异构体的混合物(2.7g,55%产率,>98%纯)。蒸馏0.7g样品,得到0.6g4d(无色油,>99%纯),用于嗅觉评价。
主要的非对映异构体:13C NMR:δ133.9(s),119.1(d),71.3(d),47.7(t),37.9(s),33.8(t),31.9(d),31.7(t),26.0(d),22.6(q),22.4(q),17.6(q),16.5(q),15.4(q)。
第一次洗脱的GC峰(45%)MS:210(3,M+),109(100),107(37),95(38),93(46),82(36),67(29),57(51),45(27),43(50),41(38)。
第二次洗脱的GC峰(55%)MS:210(2,M+),109(100),107(59),95(40),93(74),82(34),67(34),57(90),45,(34),43(61),41(51)。
气味描述:花香,油脂味,果香,具有大黄气味的青香和苦的圆柚香调。
实施例7:1-(4-异丁基-6-甲基环己-3-烯基)丙-1-醇(4e)
将4-异丁基-6-甲基环己-3-烯甲醛3b(0.5g,2.8mmol)溶于乙醚(10ml)中。在氮气下将溶液冷却至0-5℃,并经10min在搅拌下添加EtMgBr(3M,1.4ml,4.2mmol)。升温至室温并将反应搅拌10min。将反应混合物缓慢倾入剧烈搅拌的2M HCl和冰的混合物中。搅拌15min后,分离各相,并将下层水层用MTBE萃取两次。将有机相合并,并用饱和NaHCO3溶液和盐水洗涤至中性pH。干燥(MgSO4)后,将有机相在真空下浓缩,得到0.6g油。将所述油通过快速色谱法纯化(MTBE/hex.1:4),得到4e,为2:85:8:4非对映异构体的混合物(0.54g,91%产率,无色油,>99%纯)。随后的蒸馏提供了嗅觉纯的样品(0.4g)。
主要的非对映异构体:13C NMR:δ136.0(s),121.1(d),72.4(d),47.4(t),43.6(d),37.3(t),29.7(d),27.6(t),26.0(d),23.3(t),22.6(q),22.3(q),19.3(q),10.6(q)。MS:210(2,M+),192(40),149(70),107(71),95(53),93(96),91(27),79(39),57(100),43(37),41(42)。
气味描述:青香,油脂味,花香,具有干叶气味的玫瑰香和大黄香调。
实施例8:1-(6-异丁基-3-甲基二环[4.1.0]庚-3-基)乙醇(5a)
在室温下将二碘甲烷(27g,102mmol)添加到1-(4-异丁基-1-甲基环己-3-烯基)乙醇4c(10g,51mmol)在己烷(100ml)中的溶液中。将反应混合物冷却至5℃,并在氮气下经30min添加三乙基铝(1M,102ml,102mmol),同时保持温度低于10℃。使反应回到室温并搅拌过夜。通过GC分析显示大约25%的烯烃依然未反应,因此在室温下顺序添加另外部分的二碘甲烷(13.5g,50mmol)和三乙基铝(1M,51ml,51mmol)。将反应继续另外8h,该时间之后,在氮气下将反应混合物小心地倾入冰-水(100ml)中。添加MTBE(200ml)和2M NaOH(100ml)并将混合物搅拌15min。相分离后,将下层水层用MTBE(200ml)萃取并将有机层合并,用水(200ml),2M HCl(100ml)以及两次用水(100ml)洗涤。将有机层干燥(Na2SO4),并将溶剂在真空下除去,得到15g黄色油。将粗油通过快速色谱法纯化(硅胶,MTBE/hex.3:7)并蒸馏得到5a,为1:2:4非对映异构体的混合物(9g,80%产率,无色油,>95%纯)。
GC吸气探针(sniff)使得能够鉴定对气味的主要贡献者为次要的异构体,13%丰度。随后的GC捕获和HSQC NMR分析使得我们能够分离并确定其结构为1-((1RS,3SR,6SR)-6-异丁基-3-甲基二环[4.1.0]庚-3-基)乙醇的差向异构体中的一个。
以类似的方式确定了混合物中两种主要的异构体(25+45%)为差向异构的1-((1RS,3RS,6SR)-6-异丁基-3-甲基二环[4.1.0]庚-3-基)乙醇。
1-((1SR,3SR,6RS)-6-异丁基-3-甲基二环[4.1.0]庚-3-基)乙醇。
主要的非对映异构体:1H NMR(C6D6,500MHz):δ3.02(m,1H),1.80(m,1H),1.68(m,1H),1.61-1.53(m,2H),1.48(ddd,J=13.6,8.8,2.3,1H),1.31(ddt,J=13.3,5.5,2.4,1H),1.22(d,J=13.6,1H),0.93(d,J=6.6,3H),0.89(d,J=6.6,3H),0.87(d,J=6.4,3H),0.80(td,J=13.3,5.3,1H),0.79(s,3H),0.63-0.58(m(inc.OH),2H),0.54-0.42(m,2H),0.08(m,1H)。13C NMR(C6D6,500MHz):δ75.5(d),51.2(t),35.8(s),33.1(t),27.6(t),26.4(d),24.2(q),23.8(t),22.5(q),18.2(q),18.0(t),17.4(s),17.4(q),14.9(d)。MS(GC分离,在VF-Waxms柱上):210(1,M+),149(46),136(40),109(100),107(43),95(58),93(97),81(46),69(35),67(62),43(45)。
次要的非对映异构体:1H NMR(C6D6,500MHz):δ3.05(m,1H),1.80(m,1H),1.75-1.65(m,2H),1.61-1.53(m,2H),1.25(d,J=13.5,1H),1.00-0.86(m,2H),0.93(d,J=6.6,3H),0.89(2d,J=6.6,6H),0.80(s,3H),0.67(db(OH),J=4.4,1H),0.59(dd,J=13.5,1.7,1H),0.54-0.42(m,2H),0.08(m,1H)。13C NMR(C6D6,500MHz):δ75.8(d),51.2(t),35.9(s),32.8(t),28.1(t),26.5(d),24.2(q),23.8(t),22.5(q),18.5(q),18.1(t),17.6(q),17.4(s),14.9(d)。MS(GC分离,在VF-Waxms柱上):210(1,M+),149(44),121(38),109(100),107(50),95(61),93(91),81(48),69(35),67(62),43(43)。
1-((1RS,3SR,6SR)-6-异丁基-3-甲基二环[4.1.0]庚-3-基)乙醇。
1H NMR(C6D6,500MHz):δ3.75(qd,J=6.4,5.7,1H),2.46(m,1H),1.76(m,1H),1.61-1.54(m,2H),1.39(td,J=13.5,5.5,1H),1.16(ddt,J=14.1,5.5,2.7,1H),0.95(dd,J=14.2,2.5,1H),0.94(d,J=6.4,3H),0.92(d,J=6.6,3H),0.88(d,J=6.6,3H),0.79(td,J=13.8,5.4,1H),0.68(s,3H),0.59(db(OH),J=5.7,1H),0.55-0.47(m,3H),0.12(m,1H)。13C NMR(C6D6,500MHz):δ 68.4(d),51.2(t),35.3(s),34.6(t),31.3(t),26.5(d),24.3(q),24.2(t),22.4(q),21.5(q),20.0(t),17.6(q),17.3(s),15.3(d)。MS:210(27,M+),149(56),109(97),107(61),95(73),93(100),81(60),79(48),67(70),43(59),41(47)。
气味描述:花香,果香,具有桃子气味的玫瑰香和内酯味干香香调。
实施例9:1-(6-异丁基-4-甲基二环[4.1.0]庚-3-基)乙醇(5b)
在室温、搅拌和氮气下将二碘甲烷(9.6g,36mmol)添加到1-(4-异丁基-6-甲基环己-3-烯基)乙醇4b(3.5g,18mmol)在己烷(50ml)的溶液中。冷却至5℃后,经30min添加三乙基铝(1M,36ml,36mmol),同时保持温度低于5°。使反应回到室温并搅拌16h,然后添加另一部分的二碘甲烷(9.6g,36mmol)和三乙基铝(1M,36ml,36mmol)。另外15h后,添加更多的二碘甲烷(4.8g,18mmol)和三乙基铝(1M,18ml,18mmol)。2h的搅拌后,反应仍不完全,将反应混合物缓慢倾入搅拌的冰和水的混合物中。分离各相,并将水相用己烷萃取两次。将合并的有机层用水洗涤,用2M HCl洗涤两次并再次用水洗涤,干燥(Na2SO4),并将溶剂在真空下除去。将粗油(5.7g)溶于二氯甲烷(50ml)中,并将固体3-氯过苯甲酸(大约77%,1.5g,6.7mmol)在氮气下分四次添加。用冷水浴控制温和的放热作用。搅拌反应直到未反应的4b完全消耗掉(30min)。添加2M NaOH并搅拌混合物直到其变成白色。分离各相,并将上层水层用二氯甲烷萃取两次。将合并的有机层用2M NaOH和水洗涤两次,干燥(MgSO4),并在真空下蒸发,得到4.6g油。将粗油通过快速色谱法纯化(MTBE/hex.3:2)并合并纯的级分,得到5b,为1:1.1:1.8非对映异构体的混合物(3.4g,86%产率,无色油,95%纯)。随后的蒸馏提供了嗅觉纯的样品。
主要的非对映异构体:(45%):13C NMR:δ67.1(d),50.4(t),43.2(d),39.6(t),30.7(d),26.4(d),23.1(q),22.8(q),21.9(t),20.6(q),19.4(q),19.2(d),18.5(t),17.8(s)。MS:210(1,M+),149(39),135(32),107(100),93(53),79(31),67(34),55(35),45(34),43(48),41(42)。
第二种主要的非对映异构体:(27%):MS:210(1,M+),109(29),107(100),93(38),81(27),79(25),67(32),55(30),45(31),43(42),41(36)。
次要的非对映异构体(24%):MS:210(2,M+),109(25),107(100),93(41),79(25),69(27),67(29),55(28),45(28),43(39),41(35)。
气味描述:油脂味,花香,具有大黄气味的青香,木香,似根的气味和岩兰草香调。
实施例10:1-(4-异丁基-1,6-二甲基环己-3-烯基)乙酮(3d)
在氮气下将1-(4-异丁基-1,6-二甲基环己-3-烯基)乙醇4d(2g,9mmol)溶于二甲基甲酰胺(50ml)中并冷却至低于5℃。在搅拌下将重铬酸吡啶鎓(4.5g,12mmol)分成两份添加并使反应回到室温。搅拌90min后,添加另一部分的PDC(1g,2.7mmol),并且另外90min后,反应完全。将反应混合物倾入冰-水中并添加2M HCl。短暂搅拌后,将产物从水相中用MTBE萃取。将有机相合并并用饱和NaHCO3溶液洗涤,然后用盐水洗涤至pH7。干燥(Na2SO4)后,在真空中将溶剂除去,得到1.8g粗油,将其通过快速色谱法纯化(MTBE/己烷2:8)。合并纯的级分,得到3d,为7:3非对映异构体的混合物(1.5g,77%产率,99%纯)。随后的蒸馏提供样品,用于嗅觉评价。
主要的非对映异构体:13C NMR:δ213.7(s),133.4(s),119.3(d),49.0(s),47.4(t),33.4(d),32.7(t),29.0(t),26.0(d),24.7(q),22.7(q),22.5(q),22.4(q),16.7(q)。MS:208(14,M+),165(39),109(100),107(20),95(36),91(20),82(57),81(25),67(21),43(77),41(30)。
次要的非对映异构体:13C NMR:δ214.3(s),135.6(s),119.2(d),50.2(s),47.3(t),34.6(t),34.0(t),32.8(d),26.0(d),25.2(q),22.6(q),22.2(q),16.3(q),15.7(q)。MS:208(3,M+),165(48),109(100),107(20),95(42),91(18),82(20),81(25),67(20),43(69),41(29)。
气味描述:柑橘,柑橘香,花香,具有香柠檬香调。
实施例11:柑橘香花香木香香料组合物(男女皆宜)
添加25重量份的1-(4-异丁基-6-甲基环己-3-烯基)乙醇到组合物中带来了浓香气和扩散。其增加了这一谐香的花香,同时增强了具有圆柚特征的柑橘香头香。木香麝香基调(dry-down)显著,具有岩兰草印象。
实施例12:用于女性的花香玫瑰香香料组合物
添加55重量份的1-(6-异丁基-3-甲基二环[4.1.0]庚-3-基)乙醇到组合物中带来了微妙和细致的自然花香。其缓和了强烈的青香头香,混和并增强了花香玫瑰香中香(heart),同时对花香香型和粉香麝香基调赋予了持久性。
Claims (9)
1.式(I)化合物
其中
R是在C-3或C-4的异丁基;
R'是在C-3或C-4的氢并且C-3和C-4之间的键与虚线一起表示双键;或
R'是-CH2-并与C-3和C-4一起表示环丙烷环并且C-3和C-4之间的键与虚线一起表示单键;
R1和R2彼此独立地表示选自氢、甲基和乙基的基团;
R3选自甲基和乙基;并且
R4是羟基且R5是氢;或
R1、R2和R3彼此独立地表示选自氢、甲基和乙基的基团,其中至少一个不是氢;并且
R4和R5与它们所连接的碳原子一起表示羰基。
2.权利要求1的化合物,其中R是在C-4的异丁基。
3.权利要求1的化合物,选自4-异丁基-1-甲基环己-3-烯甲醛,4-异丁基-6-甲基环己-3-烯甲醛,4-异丁基-1,6-二甲基环己-3-烯甲醛,1-(4-异丁基-1,6-二甲基环己-3-烯基)乙酮,1-(4-异丁基-6-甲基环己-3-烯基)乙醇,1-(4-异丁基-1-甲基环己-3-烯基)乙醇,1-(4-异丁基-1,6-二甲基环己-3-烯基)乙醇,1-(4-异丁基-6-甲基环己-3-烯基)丙-1-醇,1-(6-异丁基-3-甲基二环[4.1.0]庚-3-基)乙醇,和1-(6-异丁基-4-甲基二环[4.1.0]庚-3-基)乙醇。
4.包含至少60重量%的式(Ia)化合物和至多40重量%的式(Ib)化合物的混合物:
其中
R'是氢并且C-3和C-4之间的键与虚线一起表示双键;或
R'是-CH2-并与C-3和C-4一起表示环丙烷环并且C-3和C-4之间的键与虚线一起表示单键;
R1和R2彼此独立地表示选自氢、甲基和乙基的基团;
R3选自甲基和乙基;并且
R4是羟基且R5是氢;或
R1、R2和R3彼此独立地表示选自氢、甲基和乙基的基团,其中至少一个不是氢;并且
R4和R5与它们所连接的碳原子一起表示羰基。
5.权利要求1-3任一项中所定义的式(I)化合物或权利要求4中所定义的混合物作为香料的用途。
6.香料组合物或加香产品,包含权利要求1-3任一项中所定义的式(I)化合物或其混合物。
7.权利要求6的加香产品,其中所述加香产品选自精细香料,织物护理品,家用产品,个人护理产品和空气护理产品。
8.改善、增强或改变消费品基质的方法,包括以下步骤:向消费品基质中添加嗅觉可接受量的至少一种权利要求1中所定义的式(I)化合物。
9.一种方法,包括以下步骤:5-甲基-3-亚甲基己-1-烯与R2CH=CR1C(O)R3的第尔斯-阿尔德环加成,得到包含至少60重量%的式(Ia)化合物和至多40重量%的式(Ib)化合物的组合物:
其中
R'是氢并且C-3和C-4之间的键与虚线一起表示双键;
R1、R2和R3彼此独立地表示选自氢、甲基和乙基的基团,其中至少一个不是氢;
R4和R5与它们所连接的碳原子一起表示羰基。
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