CN103063699A - Material low-temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device using refrigerator as cold source - Google Patents
Material low-temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device using refrigerator as cold source Download PDFInfo
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- CN103063699A CN103063699A CN2012105411932A CN201210541193A CN103063699A CN 103063699 A CN103063699 A CN 103063699A CN 2012105411932 A CN2012105411932 A CN 2012105411932A CN 201210541193 A CN201210541193 A CN 201210541193A CN 103063699 A CN103063699 A CN 103063699A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 51
- 230000004304 visual acuity Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 60
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004078 cryogenic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013068 control sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001073 sample cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A kind of material low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device using refrigerator as cold source includes: the high-resolution LVDT displacement sensor is arranged on the horizontal support plate; one end of the cylindrical quartz bracket is arranged on the lower end face of the displacement sensor, the cylindrical quartz bracket is provided with a bottom plate, the side wall of the lower part of the cylindrical quartz bracket is provided with a side wall hole, and the ejector rod is positioned at the axial center of the quartz bracket; a vacuum heat insulation barrel arranged right below the displacement sensor and the horizontal supporting plate; the middle lower part is arranged in a sample cavity which is provided with a temperature controller inside and arranged in the vacuum heat insulation barrel; the sample cavity covers the quartz support inside; a heat radiation prevention screen positioned in the vacuum heat insulation barrel; an external gas storage bag filled with helium; the gas storage bag is connected with the sample cavity; the cold head of the refrigerator is arranged in the vacuum heat insulation barrel and is contacted with the sample cavity through soft connection; the testing device does not need to consume liquid helium and liquid nitrogen, can realize the testing of the thermal expansion coefficient of the material at any temperature point in a 4.2K-300K temperature zone, and has the advantages of accurate temperature control, simple structure, simple operation and high efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device, relate in particular to and a kind ofly be applicable to low temperature environment (refrigeration machine under the 4.2k～300K) is done the material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device of low-temperature receiver.
Background technology
Along with the development in the fields such as China's hydrogen energy source, nuclear fusion energy, Aero-Space, application superconduction, gas industry and some big science engineerings, the project that relates to cryogenic engineering is more and more.Increasing to the demand of cryogenic material in industry and scientific research field, more and more comprehensive to the performance data requirement of cryogenic material.Material is worked under low temperature environment, and its low-temperature physical property is different from the normal temperature performance usually.Wherein, material thermal expansion coefficient is an important performance indexes of material or workpiece in the engineering.Test material thermal expansivity at low temperatures has great importance to the design of Cryo Equipment and device, and is also most important to the safe handling of cryogenic components.
And to realize that minimum temperature arrives the thermal expansivity test of 4.2K, must have the low-temperature receiver that can arrive the 4.2K temperature.The material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device all adopts cryogenic liquid (liquid nitrogen 77K or liquid helium four .2K) as low-temperature receiver at present; During work the cryogenic liquid in the cryogenic liquid vessel (liquid nitrogen 77K or liquid helium four .2K) is input in the vacuum interlayer Dewar, cryogenic liquid is used the temperature of control low temperature bracing frame and testing sample again with Low Temperature Thermal expansion coefficient test bracing frame and testing sample cooling by temperature controller and low temp liquid evaporator.Cryogenic liquid becomes gas and discharges from the gas outlet subsequently.This proving installation can consume a large amount of liquid nitrogen or liquid helium at work; Carry out the following warm area material thermal expansion coefficient test of 77K at every turn and all must consume a large amount of liquid heliums, for example, carrying out a 4.2K temperature thermal expansivity test needs to consume 20 liters of liquid heliums.
Helium is non-renewable resources valuable on the earth, present global amount of helium about 400 billion cubic meters that distribute, and wherein the U.S. accounts for more than 75%, and Algeria accounts for 12%, Russia about 6%.The consumption of whole world helium is annual 1.65 billion cubic meters, and increases rapidly with 10% rate of growth, and wherein Chinese every Year's consumption accounts for 6% of the whole world, consumes rate of growth up to 20%.China's helium resource is quite poor, and content is very low, is difficult to extract serious dependence on import.But, be that strategic materials limit raw helium output from 2007 owing to the U.S. appraises and decides helium, carry out ration system, cut down user's use amount.This causes the maximum helium production in the whole world and supplier's Praxair and BOC Co. with one times of helium upward price adjustment, make the price of liquid helium by original 60～80 yuan/every liter, increase to present 200 yuan/more than every liter, even the NMR imaging instrument of some hospital temporarily need be with the rise in price of liquid helium to nearly 300 yuan/every liter, and the import of helium resource is subject to more and more stricter control.For example, the first half of the year in 2008, the helium cut-off greatly affects carrying out of China's low temperature research work.Can estimate that following helium import meeting is subject to stricter control, the when the time comes a large amount of low temperature research work of China will be subjected to the under-supply restriction of liquid helium.
The defective of present material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device is seriously to rely on liquid nitrogen or liquid helium resource, high, the complicated operation of cost.Therefore, develop a kind of with refrigeration machine as low-temperature receiver, the material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient test equipment that need not to consume liquid nitrogen or liquid helium has very important actual application value.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly do the material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device of low-temperature receiver with refrigeration machine, with defectives such as the serious dependence liquid nitrogen that overcomes current material low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device or liquid helium resource, cost height, complicated operations.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Provided by the inventionly do the material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device of low-temperature receiver with refrigeration machine, it comprises:
One is installed on the high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer 1 on the horizontal support plate 2 of bracing frame;
One upper end is installed on the cartridge type quartz holder (4) with base plate of high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer 1 lower surface, has areole on described these cartridge type support 4 lower sides;
One is positioned at the push rod 41 of described cartridge type quartz holder 4 axial centre, and described push rod 41 upper ends link to each other with described high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer 1 lower surface;
One places the vacuum insulation bucket 9 under high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer 1 and the horizontal support plate 2;
One middle and lower part is installed on the sample chamber 5 that temperature controller 7 is equipped with in inside within the described vacuum insulation bucket 9; Described sample chamber 5 with described quartz holder 4 covers in the inner; Described temperature controller 7 is positioned at the bottom of sample chamber 5, and described sample chamber 5 is formed by connecting for upper sample chamber and lower sample chamber;
One covers in described sample chamber 5 middle and lower parts wherein, and is positioned at the thermal radiation resistant screen 10 within the described vacuum insulation bucket 9;
The external gas-storing bag 11 of one in-built helium; Described external gas-storing bag 11 is connected with described sample chamber 5 by gas piping 8, carries and helium recovery with the helium that is used for sample chamber 5;
It is characterized in that, also comprise:
One refrigeration machine 3; Described refrigeration machine 3 cold heads place within the described vacuum insulation bucket 9, contact with described sample chamber 5 by soft connection, so that the cold of sample chamber 5 to be provided.
The one-level cold head of described refrigeration machine 3 and thermal radiation resistant screen 10 is connected by the metal heat-conducting material, and provides cold for it; The secondary cold head of refrigeration machine 3 is connected with the metal heat-conducting material that passes through of sample chamber 5, and provides cold for it.Described metal heat-conducting material is copper or silver.
Described temperature controller 7 is by outer computer control temperature and temperature data acquisition.
Described high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer 1 data are by the outer computer collection.
Described refrigeration machine 3 is the refrigeration unit of separate unit refrigeration machine or many parallel connections, the upright placement of refrigeration machine or the placement of standing upside down.
Described refrigeration machine 3 is G-M refrigeration machine, pulse tube refrigerating machine, sterlin refrigerator or other small-sized Cryo Refrigerator.
Compared with prior art, the advantage that refrigeration machine of the present invention is done the material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device of low-temperature receiver is: with refrigeration machine as low-temperature receiver, helium in the sample chamber is only as special thermal medium, during cooling, can automatically from gas-storing bag, flow in the sample chamber, can automatically be back to the gas-storing bag from sample chamber during intensification, lose hardly helium; So do not need to consume liquid nitrogen, liquid helium and other cryogenic liquid, just can carry out the material thermal expansion coefficient test that minimum temperature reaches 4.2K, and be used the material thermal expansion coefficient test that can realize arbitrary temp point in 4.2～300K warm area by refrigeration machine and temperature controller, and temperature control is accurate, simple in structure, reliability is high, easy to operate, efficient is high.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device that the present invention's (embodiment) refrigeration machine is done low-temperature receiver is in test mode;
Fig. 2 is that material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device that the present invention's (embodiment) refrigeration machine is done low-temperature receiver is in the structural representation when not testing.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device of doing low-temperature receiver with refrigeration machine of one embodiment of the invention is in test mode; Fig. 2 is that the material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device of doing low-temperature receiver with refrigeration machine of this embodiment of the invention is in the structural representation when not testing; As seen from the figure, provided by the inventionly do the material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device of low-temperature receiver with refrigeration machine, it comprises:
One is installed on the high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer 1 on the horizontal support plate 2 of bracing frame;
One upper end is installed on the cartridge type quartz holder (4) with base plate of high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer 1 lower surface, has areole on described these cartridge type support 4 lower sides;
One is positioned at the push rod 41 of described cartridge type quartz holder 4 axial centre, and described push rod 41 upper ends link to each other with described high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer 1 lower surface;
One places the vacuum insulation bucket 9 under high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer 1 and the horizontal support plate 2;
One middle and lower part is installed on the sample chamber 5 that temperature controller 7 is equipped with in inside within the described vacuum insulation bucket 9; Described sample chamber 5 with described quartz holder 4 covers in the inner; Described temperature controller 7 is positioned at the bottom of sample chamber 5, and described sample chamber 5 is formed by connecting for upper sample chamber and lower sample chamber;
One covers in described sample chamber 5 middle and lower parts wherein, and is positioned at the thermal radiation resistant screen 10 within the described vacuum insulation bucket 9;
The external gas-storing bag 11 of one in-built helium; Described external gas-storing bag 11 is connected with described sample chamber 5 by gas piping 8, carries and helium recovery with the helium that is used for sample chamber 5;
It is characterized in that, also comprise:
One refrigeration machine 3; Described refrigeration machine 3 cold heads place within the described vacuum insulation bucket 9, contact with described sample chamber 5 by soft connection, so that the cold of sample chamber 5 to be provided.
During test, sample to be tested 6 is installed between the base plate of push rod 41 in the quartz holder 4 and quartz holder 4 by the areole on quartz holder 4 lower sides, the length variations that sample to be tested 6 occurs because of temperature variation, cause between quartz holder 4 and the push rod 41 relative displacement to occur that relative shift is delivered on the high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer 1 that is coupled with quartz holder 4 and push rod 41; The relative displacement that high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer 1 is measured between quartz holder 4 and the push rod 41; Use computer to gather the variable quantity of sample to be tested 6 length that high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer 1 detects, gather simultaneously the temperature data of sample to be tested 6; Temperature data is corresponding with the variable quantity of sample to be tested 6 length, namely obtain the hot expansibility at detected temperatures point of test specimens 6.
Below be the operating process that refrigeration machine according to the above embodiment of the present invention is done the material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device of low-temperature receiver:
At first the high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer 1 of the horizontal support plate 2 of bracing frame, quartz holder 4 and push rod 41 rise, and by the areole on quartz holder 4 lower sides sample to be tested 6 are installed between push rod 41 lower ends and quartz holder 4 base plates in the quartz holder 4; To be positioned over the vacuum insulation bucket 9 of refrigeration machine 3 and sample chamber 5 high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer 1, quartz holder 4 and push rod 41 belows (such as Fig. 2), with the high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer 1 on the horizontal support plate 2 of bracing frame, install quartz holder 4 and push rod 41 landing of test specimens 6, make the quartz holder and the push rod 4 that install sample to be tested 6 be in (such as Fig. 1) in the sample chamber 5, the available clip that connects soon is tightly connected the horizontal support plate 2 of sample chamber 5 with bracing frame, the quartz holder 4 and push rod 41 lower parts that install sample to be tested 6 are sealed in the sample chamber 5, sample chamber 5 is vacuumized, gas piping 8 one ends are connected gas-storing bag 11; Open refrigeration machine 3 coolings, by gas piping 8 gas in the gas-storing bag 11 is delivered in the sample chamber 5 during cooling, when cooling, by gas piping 8 gas in the sample chamber 5 is delivered to gas-storing bag 11.Refrigeration machine 3 is passed to sample chamber 5 with cold, by the gas in the sample chamber 5 cold is passed on quartz holder 4, push rod 41 and the sample to be tested 6 again.By computer control temperature controller 7, the environment temperature around control sample to be tested and the sample to be tested; Use computer to gather the test specimens 6 length variations amounts that high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer 1 detects, the collecting temperature sensor detects the temperature data of test specimens 6 simultaneously.Temperature data is corresponding with sample to be tested 6 length variations amounts, namely obtain the hot expansibility at detected temperatures point of test specimens 6.
This shows, refrigeration machine of the present invention is done the material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device of low-temperature receiver take high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer as the basis, utilize refrigeration machine to make low-temperature receiver and cooperate with temperature controller, realize that low temperature environment (4.2K～300K) measure by lower material thermal expansion coefficient.Therefore, the present invention is mainly used at low temperature (4.2K～300K) under the environment sample to be tested (material sample or workpiece) is carried out the thermal expansivity measurement, compare with traditional thermal expansivity measurement mechanism, the material thermal expansion coefficient measurement mechanism that refrigeration machine of the present invention is done low-temperature receiver has: do not need to consume liquid helium or liquid nitrogen, can measure the material sample of arbitrary temp environment in 4.2～300K warm area or the characteristics of workpiece thermal expansivity, and temperature control is accurate, simple in structure, reliability is high, simple to operate, efficient is high.
Although the present invention is made specific descriptions with reference to the above embodiments, but for the person of ordinary skill of the art, should be appreciated that, can make amendment or improve not breaking away from these modifications and improving all within spirit of the present invention and scope within spirit of the present invention and the scope based on content disclosed by the invention.
Claims (6)
1. do the material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device of low-temperature receiver with refrigeration machine for one kind, it comprises:
One is installed on the high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer (1) on the horizontal support plate (2) of bracing frame;
One upper end is installed on the cartridge type quartz holder (4) with base plate of high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer (1) lower surface, has areole on described this cartridge type support (4) lower sides;
One is positioned at the push rod (41) of described cartridge type quartz holder (4) axial centre, and described push rod (41) upper end links to each other with described high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer (1) lower surface;
One places the vacuum insulation bucket (9) under high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer (1) and the horizontal support plate (2);
The sample chamber (5) of temperature controller (7) is equipped with in the inside that one middle and lower part is installed within the described vacuum insulation bucket (9); Described sample chamber (5) with described quartz holder (4) cover in the inner; Described temperature controller (7) is positioned at the bottom of sample chamber (5), and described sample chamber (5) is formed by connecting for upper sample chamber and lower sample chamber;
One covers in described sample chamber (5) middle and lower part wherein, and is positioned at the thermal radiation resistant screen (10) within the described vacuum insulation bucket (9);
The external gas-storing bag (11) of one in-built helium; Described external gas-storing bag (11) is connected with described sample chamber (5) by gas piping 8, carries and helium recovery with the helium that is used for sample chamber (5);
It is characterized in that, also comprise:
Refrigeration machine (3); Described refrigeration machine (3) cold head places within the described vacuum insulation bucket (9), contacts with described sample chamber (5) by soft connection, thinks that sample chamber (5) provides cold.
2. do the material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device of low-temperature receiver by claimed in claim 1 with refrigeration machine, it is characterized in that, the one-level cold head of described refrigeration machine (3) is connected by the metal heat-conducting material with thermal radiation resistant screen (10), and provides cold for it; The secondary cold head of refrigeration machine (3) is connected with the metal heat-conducting material that passes through of sample chamber (5), and provides cold for it.Described metal heat-conducting material is copper or silver.
3. do the material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device of low-temperature receiver by claimed in claim 1 with refrigeration machine, it is characterized in that, described temperature controller (7) is by outer computer control temperature and temperature data acquisition.
4. do the material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device of low-temperature receiver by claimed in claim 1 with refrigeration machine, it is characterized in that described high resolving power LVDT displacement transducer (1) data are by the outer computer collection.
5. do the material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device of low-temperature receiver by claimed in claim 1 with refrigeration machine, it is characterized in that described refrigeration machine (3) is the refrigeration unit of separate unit refrigeration machine or many parallel connections, the upright placement of refrigeration machine or stand upside down and place.
6. describedly do the material at low temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device of low-temperature receiver with refrigeration machine by claim 1 or 5, it is characterized in that described refrigeration machine (3) is G-M refrigeration machine, pulse tube refrigerating machine or sterlin refrigerator.
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103439355A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-12-11 | 南京理工大学 | Tester for coefficient of linear thermal expansion of embedded material |
| CN103558246A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-02-05 | 山东大学 | Testing device and method for expansion coefficient of cement concrete for road surface |
| CN104165897A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-11-26 | 湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所 | Thermal-matching performance measuring device of multilayer composite thermal-protection structure |
| CN104549597A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-29 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Refrigeration structure for temperature change test of integrated type Dewar assembly |
| CN105738400A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-07-06 | 安徽万瑞冷电科技有限公司 | Low-temperature adsorption material analysis and characterization system |
| CN106764402A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2017-05-31 | 张家港中集圣达因低温装备有限公司 | Cryogenic media basin |
| CN109632150A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-16 | 合肥中科离子医学技术装备有限公司 | A kind of device for GM refrigeration machine cooling power measurement |
| CN110146542A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-20 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | The test device and test method of material thermal expansion coefficient under a kind of low temperature |
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Cited By (20)
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| CN103439355A (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2013-12-11 | 南京理工大学 | Tester for coefficient of linear thermal expansion of embedded material |
| CN103558246A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-02-05 | 山东大学 | Testing device and method for expansion coefficient of cement concrete for road surface |
| CN103558246B (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-10-28 | 山东大学 | Road surface expansion coefficient of cement concrete proving installation and method |
| CN104165897A (en) * | 2014-07-24 | 2014-11-26 | 湖北航天技术研究院总体设计所 | Thermal-matching performance measuring device of multilayer composite thermal-protection structure |
| CN104549597A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-29 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Refrigeration structure for temperature change test of integrated type Dewar assembly |
| CN106764402A (en) * | 2015-11-23 | 2017-05-31 | 张家港中集圣达因低温装备有限公司 | Cryogenic media basin |
| CN105738400A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-07-06 | 安徽万瑞冷电科技有限公司 | Low-temperature adsorption material analysis and characterization system |
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Application publication date: 20130424 |