CN110749115B - Multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger - Google Patents
Multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110749115B CN110749115B CN201911093710.2A CN201911093710A CN110749115B CN 110749115 B CN110749115 B CN 110749115B CN 201911093710 A CN201911093710 A CN 201911093710A CN 110749115 B CN110749115 B CN 110749115B
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- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- precooling
- temperature
- precooler
- heat
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- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using Joule-Thompson effect; using vortex effect
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger which comprises a middle slit structure, a threaded hole, a spiral groove, a U-shaped groove, a fixing hole and a temperature measuring and heating threaded hole. The heat exchanger is applied to a precooling unit of a liquid helium and below temperature zone precooling type JT refrigerator. The heat exchanger not only can directly replace the cold head of the precooler, but also can be used as a supporting bottom plate of the cold screen. The middle slit structure increases the heat exchange area, so that the precooling efficiency is greatly improved. The spiral groove is in interference fit with the high-pressure pipeline and is used for precooling high-pressure high-temperature helium gas. The surface of the heat exchanger is plated with a micron-sized thin gold layer, so that radiation heat leakage loss is reduced. The U-shaped groove is convenient for arranging the pipeline and the lead, and can be used as a heat sink for the lead from the liquid helium temperature area to the room temperature area. The invention integrates the functions of the cold head, the cold screen support, the high-pressure fluid precooling and the wire heat sink into a whole, has compact structure, reduces the contact thermal resistance between the precooler and the heat exchanger, enhances the precooling effect of the refrigerator and improves the precooling efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of low-temperature heat exchange, and particularly relates to a low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger integrating the functions of precooler cold head heat exchange, cold screen support, high-pressure fluid precooling and wire heat sink.
Background
With the rapid development of aerospace technology, the requirements for space probes are continually increasing. In order to improve the sensitivity and the observation precision of the detector, part of the detector and the electronic equipment to which the detector belongs need to work in a stable and reliable liquid helium temperature area or a low-temperature environment with a lower mK level. The refrigerating technology of the space liquid helium temperature zone mainly comprises a liquid helium Dewar technology and a J-T refrigerating technology. The life of the liquid helium Dewar technology is limited by the carried liquid helium although the liquid helium Dewar technology is mature, and the emission cost is relatively increased. The J-T refrigerator utilizes the Joule-Thomson effect to refrigerate, has the advantages of small volume, small vibration, compact structure, high refrigeration efficiency and the like, and can realize the long-distance transmission of cold energy. Because the helium working medium throttles at normal temperature to generate heat, the helium working medium needs to be precooled. Meanwhile, space application projects require that the precooling heat exchanger of the J-T refrigerator is smaller in size, less in heat leakage and more compact in structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger integrating the functions of precooling machine cold head heat exchange, cold screen support, high-pressure fluid precooling and wire heat sink, which reduces the contact thermal resistance between the precooler and the heat exchanger, enhances the precooling effect of the precooler, improves the precooling efficiency, and has the advantages of compact structure and less heat leakage.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger which comprises a middle slit structure 1, a threaded hole 2, a spiral groove 3, a U-shaped groove 4, a fixing hole 5 and a temperature measuring and heating threaded hole 6. The heat exchanger is circular in structure, a micron-sized gold layer is plated on the surface of the heat exchanger, and a temperature measurement and heating threaded hole 6 is reserved on the surface of the heat exchanger and is used for fixing a temperature measurement and heating element; the middle slit structure 1 is formed by filling circular array needle ribs, and fixing holes 5 are reserved around the middle slit structure for the heat exchanger to be fixedly connected with a precooler; the threaded holes 2 are arranged around the edge of the heat exchanger and are used for fixing a cold screen; the spiral groove 3 is arranged on the upper surface of the heat exchanger, and two ends of the spiral groove are respectively provided with a helium working medium inlet and outlet; the U-shaped groove 4 is arranged at the edge of the heat exchanger;
the invention has the advantages that: the multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger can be applied to liquid helium and below-temperature-zone precooling JT refrigerators. The heat exchanger can directly replace a cold head of a precooler, reduces contact thermal resistance, improves precooling effect and improves precooling efficiency; the middle slit structure consists of a circumferential array pin rib, so that the heat exchange area of the precooler and the heat exchanger is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved; the peripheral threaded holes of the heat exchanger are used for fixing the cold screen, and the surface of the heat exchanger is plated with a micron-sized thin gold layer so as to reduce radiation heat leakage loss; the spiral groove pipeline is reserved on the upper surface of the heat exchanger and used for precooling helium working medium, so that the limited bottom plate area is fully utilized; the U-shaped groove is reserved at the edge of the heat exchanger, so that the arrangement of a bypass pipeline, a low-pressure pipeline, a temperature measuring wire and a heating wire is facilitated, and meanwhile, the heat exchanger is a heat sink for the wire from a liquid helium temperature area to a room temperature area; the heat exchanger integrates the functions of heat exchange of the cold head of the precooler, cold screen support, precooling of high-pressure fluid and wire heat sink, has compact structure, enhances the precooling effect and improves the precooling efficiency
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a multi-functional low temperature scroll coil pre-chilling heat exchanger of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a middle slit structure; 2. a threaded hole; 3. a spiral groove; 4. a U-shaped groove; 5. a fixing hole; 6. measuring temperature and heating the threaded hole;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a multi-functional low temperature scroll coil pre-chilling heat exchanger of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic bottom view of the multi-functional low temperature scroll coil pre-chilling heat exchanger of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the invention provides a multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil pre-cooling heat exchanger, which is applied to a liquid helium and below temperature zone pre-cooling type JT refrigerator. Comprises a middle slit structure 1, a threaded hole 2, a spiral groove 3, a U-shaped groove 4, a fixed hole 5 and a temperature measuring and heating threaded hole 6. The heat exchanger is formed by an oxygen-free copper material vehicle into a circular structure, a micron-sized gold layer is plated on the whole surface of the heat exchanger, the radiation heat leakage loss of the whole multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger is reduced, and a temperature sensor and a heating plate fixing threaded port 6 are reserved on the surface and are respectively used for testing the working temperature and precooling amount of the heat exchanger. The middle of the heat exchanger is provided with a circumferential array needle rib slit structure 1, and the slit is manufactured by a linear cutting process. Fixing holes 5 are reserved around the slit structure and are used for being fixedly connected with the precooler. The heat exchanger is conveniently and firmly connected with the cold screen by the circumferential array threaded holes 2 at the edge of the heat exchanger, and the heat exchanger is used as a supporting bottom plate of the cold screen. The upper surface of the heat exchanger is provided with a low-temperature spiral groove 3 in a drilling way, high-pressure helium working medium flows in from the inlet of the groove, and exchanges heat with the bottom plate sufficiently, so that the helium working medium is pre-cooled to the same temperature as the bottom plate. U-shaped grooves 4 are engraved on the edges of the heat exchanger, so that arrangement of a bypass pipeline, a low-pressure pipeline, a temperature measuring wire and a heating wire is facilitated. The U-shaped groove 4 is also a heat sink for the wires from the liquid helium temperature zone to the room temperature zone.
When in actual use, the low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger is placed in a vacuum tank after being in threaded fastening connection with a precooler, and the vacuum degree of the vacuum tank is kept above 10 < -4 > Pa, so that the convection heat exchange in the device is reduced. The heat exchanger is in threaded connection with the pre-cooler and then in threaded connection with the gold-plated cold screen, so that radiation heat leakage loss of the pipeline and the pre-cooler heat exchanger is reduced.
The working process of the invention is carried out according to the following steps:
and (3) vacuumizing:
in order to reduce the convection heat exchange loss between the low temperature area and the high temperature area, after the system is assembled, the whole system is vacuumized, and the vacuum degree of the external environment of the heat exchanger is maintained to be more than 10 < -4 > Pa. And then carrying out gas replacement on the pipeline to ensure that no impurity gas exists in the pipeline.
And (3) a cooling process:
when the multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger is in precooling operation, the precooler is started first, and after the precooler works, the precooling heat exchanger is precooled and cooled.
Precooling:
the temperature of the precooled precooling heat exchanger is reduced, and the high-pressure helium working medium is precooled and cooled through the spiral groove 3.
(4) Temperature return process
The multifunctional low-temperature spiral pipe precooler still has lower temperature when the system is finished running, and in order to protect the system components, the temperature return operation is carried out on the multifunctional low-temperature spiral pipe precooler. Firstly, the precooler is closed, and the cooling capacity is taken away by radiation heat exchange and high-pressure helium gas to enable the precooler to return to the temperature.
Finally, it should be noted that: it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments, but rather, the foregoing embodiments and description illustrate the principles of the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and that such changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (1)
1. A multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger comprises a middle slit structure (1), a threaded hole (2), a spiral groove (3), a U-shaped groove (4), a fixing hole (5) and a temperature measuring and heating threaded hole (6); the method is characterized in that:
the heat exchanger is circular in structure, a micron-sized gold layer is plated on the surface of the heat exchanger, a temperature measurement and heating threaded hole (6) is reserved on the surface of the heat exchanger and used for fixing a temperature measurement and heating element, and a fixing hole (5) is reserved around the middle slit structure (1) and used for fixedly connecting the heat exchanger with a precooler; the middle slit structure (1) consists of circular array needle ribs and is connected with a precooler; the threaded holes (2) are arranged around the edge of the heat exchanger and are used for fixing a cold screen; the spiral groove (3) is arranged on the upper surface of the heat exchanger, and two ends of the spiral groove are respectively provided with a helium working medium inlet and outlet; the U-shaped groove (4) is positioned at the edge of the heat exchanger.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911093710.2A CN110749115B (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2019-11-11 | Multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911093710.2A CN110749115B (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2019-11-11 | Multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110749115A CN110749115A (en) | 2020-02-04 |
| CN110749115B true CN110749115B (en) | 2023-12-26 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112902504B (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2022-03-29 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Throttling evaporation integrated cold head heat exchanger of extremely low temperature throttling refrigerator and manufacturing method |
| CN113324344A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-31 | 武汉高德红外股份有限公司 | Throttling refrigerator |
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