CN110749115A - Multi-functional low temperature vortex coil pipe precooling heat exchanger - Google Patents
Multi-functional low temperature vortex coil pipe precooling heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110749115A CN110749115A CN201911093710.2A CN201911093710A CN110749115A CN 110749115 A CN110749115 A CN 110749115A CN 201911093710 A CN201911093710 A CN 201911093710A CN 110749115 A CN110749115 A CN 110749115A
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- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- precooling
- temperature
- precooler
- heat
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/02—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point using Joule-Thompson effect; using vortex effect
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger which comprises a middle slit structure, a threaded hole, a spiral groove, a U-shaped groove, a fixing hole and temperature measuring and heating threaded holes. The heat exchanger is applied to a precooling unit of a liquid helium and lower temperature zone precooling type JT refrigerating machine. The heat exchanger can not only directly replace a cold head of a precooler, but also be used as a supporting bottom plate of a cold screen. The middle slit structure increases the heat exchange area, so that the precooling efficiency is greatly improved. The spiral groove is in interference fit with the high-pressure pipeline and is used for precooling the high-pressure high-temperature helium. The surface of the heat exchanger is plated with a micron-sized thin gold layer, so that the radiation heat leakage loss is reduced. The U-shaped groove is convenient for the arrangement of pipelines and wires and can be used as a heat sink for the wires from a liquid helium temperature area to a room temperature area. The invention integrates multiple functions of a cold head, a cold screen support, high-pressure fluid precooling and wire heat sink of the precooler into a whole, has compact structure, reduces the thermal contact resistance of the precooler and the heat exchanger, enhances the precooling effect of the refrigerator and improves the precooling efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of low-temperature heat exchange, and particularly relates to a low-temperature vortex coil pipe precooling heat exchanger integrating multiple functions of precooler cold head heat exchange, cold shield support, high-pressure fluid precooling and wire heat sink.
Background
With the rapid development of aerospace technology, the requirements for space detectors are continuously increasing. In order to improve the sensitivity and the observation accuracy of the detector, part of the detector and the electronic equipment thereof need to work in a stable and reliable liquid helium temperature zone or a lower mK-level low-temperature environment. The refrigeration technology of the space liquid helium temperature zone mainly comprises a liquid helium Dewar technology and a J-T refrigeration technology. Although the liquid helium dewar technology is mature, the service life is limited by the amount of liquid helium carried, and the emission cost is relatively increased. The J-T refrigerator utilizes the Joule-Thomson effect to refrigerate, has the advantages of small volume, small vibration, compact structure, high refrigeration efficiency and the like, and can realize the long-distance transmission of refrigeration capacity. Because the helium working medium is throttled at normal temperature to generate heat, the helium working medium needs to be precooled. Meanwhile, space application projects require that a precooling heat exchanger of the J-T refrigerator is smaller in size, less in heat leakage and more compact in structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a low-temperature vortex coil pipe precooling heat exchanger integrating multiple functions of precooler cold head heat exchange, cold screen support, high-pressure fluid precooling and wire heat sink, which can reduce the contact thermal resistance between a precooler and a heat exchanger, enhance the precooling effect of the precooler, improve the precooling efficiency and have the advantages of compact structure and less heat leakage.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger which comprises a middle slit structure 1, a threaded hole 2, a spiral groove 3, a U-shaped groove 4, a fixing hole 5 and a temperature measuring and heating threaded hole 6. The heat exchanger is round in structure, the surface of the heat exchanger is plated with a micron-sized gold layer, and temperature measuring and heating threaded holes 6 are reserved on the surface of the heat exchanger and used for fixing temperature measuring and heating elements; the middle slit structure 1 is formed by filling circular array pin ribs, and fixing holes 5 are reserved around the middle slit structure and used for fastening and connecting the heat exchanger with a precooler; the threaded holes 2 are arranged around the edge of the heat exchanger and used for fixing the cold shield; the spiral groove 3 is arranged on the upper surface of the heat exchanger, and helium working medium inlets and outlets are respectively formed in two ends of the spiral groove; the U-shaped groove 4 is arranged at the edge of the heat exchanger;
the invention has the advantages that: the multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger can be applied to liquid helium and a precooling JT refrigerating machine in a lower temperature area. The heat exchanger can directly replace a cold head of a precooler, reduce contact thermal resistance, improve precooling effect and improve precooling efficiency; the middle slit structure consists of circumferential array pin ribs, so that the heat exchange area of the precooler and the heat exchanger is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved; the periphery threaded holes of the heat exchanger are used for fixing a cold shield, and meanwhile, a micron-sized thin gold layer is plated on the surface of the heat exchanger to reduce radiation heat leakage loss; the upper surface of the heat exchanger is provided with a spiral groove pipeline for precooling a helium working medium, so that the limited area of the bottom plate is fully utilized; the heat exchanger is provided with a U-shaped groove at the edge, so that the arrangement of a bypass pipeline, a low-pressure pipeline, a temperature measuring lead and a heating lead is facilitated, and the heat sink of the lead from a liquid helium temperature area to a room temperature area is also realized; the heat exchanger integrates multiple functions of cold head heat exchange, cold shield support, high-pressure fluid precooling and wire heat sink of a precooler, has a compact structure, enhances the precooling effect, and improves the precooling efficiency
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a multi-functional low temperature scroll coil pre-cooling heat exchanger of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a middle slit structure; 2. a threaded hole; 3. a spiral groove; 4. a U-shaped groove; 5. a fixing hole; 6. measuring the temperature and heating the threaded hole;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the multi-functional low temperature scroll coil pre-cooling heat exchanger of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic bottom view of the multi-functional low temperature scroll pre-cooling heat exchanger of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the invention provides a multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger, which is applied to liquid helium and a lower temperature zone precooling type JT refrigerator. The temperature measuring and heating device comprises a middle slit structure 1, a threaded hole 2, a spiral groove 3, a U-shaped groove 4, a fixing hole 5 and a temperature measuring and heating threaded hole 6. The heat exchanger is of a circular structure formed by an oxygen-free copper material vehicle, the whole surface of the heat exchanger is plated with a micron-sized gold layer, the radiation heat leakage loss of the whole multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger is reduced, and a temperature sensor and a heating sheet fixing threaded port 6 are reserved on the surface and are respectively used for testing the working temperature and the precooling capacity of the heat exchanger. The middle of the heat exchanger is provided with a circumferential array pin rib slit structure 1, and the slit is manufactured by a linear cutting process. And a fixing hole 5 is reserved around the slit structure and is used for being tightly connected with the precooler. The heat exchanger edge circumference array screw hole 2 is convenient for heat exchanger and cold shield fastening connection, as the supporting baseplate of cold shield. The upper surface of the heat exchanger is drilled with a low-temperature spiral groove 3, and a high-pressure helium working medium flows in from a groove inlet to fully exchange heat with the bottom plate, so that the helium working medium is precooled to the same temperature as the bottom plate. The heat exchanger edge is carved with U-shaped groove 4, is convenient for by-pass line, low pressure pipeline, temperature measurement wire and the arrangement of heating wire. The U-shaped groove 4 is also a heat sink for the lead from the liquid helium temperature area to the room temperature area.
When the device is in practical use, the low-temperature vortex coil pipe precooling heat exchanger is placed in a vacuum tank after being in threaded fastening connection with a precooler, and the vacuum degree of the vacuum tank is kept above 10-4Pa, so that the convection heat exchange in the device is reduced. The heat exchanger is in threaded connection with the gold-plated cold shield after being fixedly connected with the precooler through threads, so that the radiation heat leakage loss of a pipeline and the precooling heat exchanger is reduced.
The working process of the invention is carried out according to the following steps:
and (3) vacuumizing:
in order to reduce the convective heat transfer loss between the low-temperature area and the high-temperature area, after the system is assembled, the whole system needs to be vacuumized, and the vacuum degree of the external environment of the heat exchanger needs to be kept above 10-4 Pa. Then the pipeline is replaced by gas, and the pipeline is ensured to be free of impurity gas.
And (3) cooling:
when the multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil pipe precooling heat exchanger is used for precooling, the precooler is firstly required to be opened, and after the precooler works, the precooling heat exchanger is subjected to precooling and cooling.
Pre-cooling:
the temperature of the precooling heat exchanger after precooling is reduced, and a high-pressure helium working medium is precooled and cooled through the spiral groove 3.
(4) Temperature return process
The multifunctional low-temperature spiral coil precooler still has low temperature when the system is finished running, and in order to protect system components, the system components are firstly subjected to temperature return operation. Firstly, the precooler is closed, and the cold energy is taken away by radiation heat exchange and high-pressure helium to ensure that the precooler is heated.
Finally, it should be noted that: it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and the embodiments and descriptions are only illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which are intended to fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (1)
1. A multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger comprises a middle slit structure (1), a threaded hole (2), a spiral groove (3), a U-shaped groove (4), a fixed hole (5) and a temperature measuring and heating threaded hole (6); the method is characterized in that:
the heat exchanger is round in structure, a micron-sized gold layer is plated on the surface of the heat exchanger, temperature measuring and heating threaded holes (6) are reserved on the surface of the heat exchanger and used for fixing temperature measuring and heating elements, and fixing holes (5) are reserved around the middle slit structure (1) and used for fastening and connecting the heat exchanger with a precooler; the middle slit structure (1) consists of circular array needle ribs and is connected with a precooler; the threaded holes (2) are arranged around the edge of the heat exchanger and used for fixing the cold shield; the spiral groove (3) is arranged on the upper surface of the heat exchanger, and helium working medium inlets and outlets are respectively formed in two ends of the spiral groove; the U-shaped groove (4) is positioned at the edge of the heat exchanger.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911093710.2A CN110749115B (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2019-11-11 | Multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911093710.2A CN110749115B (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2019-11-11 | Multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110749115A true CN110749115A (en) | 2020-02-04 |
| CN110749115B CN110749115B (en) | 2023-12-26 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201911093710.2A Active CN110749115B (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2019-11-11 | Multifunctional low-temperature vortex coil precooling heat exchanger |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112902504A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-06-04 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Throttling evaporation integrated cold head heat exchanger of extremely low temperature throttling refrigerator and manufacturing method |
| CN113324344A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-31 | 武汉高德红外股份有限公司 | Throttling refrigerator |
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2019
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| CN112902504A (en) * | 2021-03-11 | 2021-06-04 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Throttling evaporation integrated cold head heat exchanger of extremely low temperature throttling refrigerator and manufacturing method |
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| CN113324344A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-31 | 武汉高德红外股份有限公司 | Throttling refrigerator |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN110749115B (en) | 2023-12-26 |
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