CN110646275A - Material low-temperature mechanical property testing device using refrigerating machine as cold source - Google Patents
Material low-temperature mechanical property testing device using refrigerating machine as cold source Download PDFInfo
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- CN110646275A CN110646275A CN201910961007.2A CN201910961007A CN110646275A CN 110646275 A CN110646275 A CN 110646275A CN 201910961007 A CN201910961007 A CN 201910961007A CN 110646275 A CN110646275 A CN 110646275A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004154 testing of material Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003266 Leaf® Polymers 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0228—Low temperature; Cooling means
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for testing the low-temperature mechanical properties of a material by using a refrigerating machine as a cold source, which belongs to the technical field of testing of the mechanical properties of the material. This material low temperature mechanical properties testing arrangement with refrigerator as cold source, through placing the sample between two extrusion pieces, according to the shape of sample, when vertical direction is fixed, through adjusting two fly leafs position about on the fixed plate, the lower surface that utilizes extrusion piece is fixed the sample, when horizontal direction is fixed, drive the threaded rod at the threaded hole internal rotation through rotating the rotating head, position is fixed it about carrying out about adjusting threaded rod and extrusion piece, thereby guarantee that the sample is stable to be fixed in the sample intracavity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material mechanical property testing, and particularly relates to a material low-temperature mechanical property testing device using a refrigerator as a cold source.
Background
With the development of the fields of hydrogen energy, nuclear fusion energy, aerospace, application superconductivity, gas industry, some large scientific engineering and the like in China, more and more projects related to low-temperature engineering are involved. The demand for low-temperature materials in the industrial and scientific research fields is increasing, and the requirements for performance data of the low-temperature materials are more and more comprehensive. The material works in a low-temperature environment, the low-temperature physical property of the material is usually different from the normal-temperature property, and the mechanical property of the material is an important performance index of the material or a workpiece in engineering. The mechanical property of the material at low temperature is tested, the low-temperature performance of the material is researched and optimized, and the low-temperature performance testing method has important significance for the design and safe use of low-temperature components.
At present, the domestic material low-temperature mechanical property testing device adopts liquid nitrogen 77K or liquid helium 4.2K as a cold source; when the device works, liquid nitrogen 77K or liquid helium 4.2K in a low-temperature liquid container is input into the vacuum interlayer Dewar, the low-temperature mechanical support and a sample to be detected are cooled by the low-temperature liquid, and then the temperature of the low-temperature mechanical support and the temperature of the sample to be detected are controlled by the cooperation of the temperature controller and the low-temperature liquid evaporator. The cryogenic liquid is then converted to a gas which is discharged from the gas outlet. Thus consuming a large amount of liquid nitrogen or liquid helium during operation; a large amount of liquid helium is consumed when the mechanical property test of the material in the temperature zone below 77K is carried out each time.
The existing material low-temperature mechanical property testing device has the defects of serious dependence on liquid nitrogen or liquid helium resources, high cost and complex operation, and a sample to be tested needs to be fixed when a mechanical test is carried out, so that the sample cannot randomly shake in the mechanical test to influence the accuracy of the test detection.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a material low-temperature mechanical property testing device using a refrigerator as a cold source, and solves the problems of serious dependence on liquid nitrogen or liquid helium resources, high cost and complex operation of the material low-temperature mechanical property testing device.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a material cryomechanical properties testing arrangement who does cold source with refrigerator, includes testing machine, heat-preserving container, refrigerator, anti-heat radiation section of thick bamboo, sample chamber and holding vessel, the testing machine includes the base and sets up rather than the interior support frame, the heat-preserving container is located on the base, be provided with the sample chamber on the support frame, the sample chamber is located anti-heat radiation section of thick bamboo, anti-heat radiation section of thick bamboo is located in the heat-preserving container, the left surface of heat-preserving container is provided with the refrigerator, and the heat-preserving container is used for sealed refrigerator, anti-heat radiation section of thick bamboo and sample chamber to make it adiabatic with external, the right flank of testing machine is provided with the holding vessel of storing the helium, the lower surface of holding vessel is linked together through vacuum pump and first pipeline and sample chamber, the upper surface of holding vessel is linked together.
The sample intracavity is provided with two fixed plates, the left and right sides face of fixed plate is through four screw fixedly connected with fly leafs, and two liang of screws are located two first logical inslots respectively, and two first logical inslots set up in the side of fixed plate, and the opposite face of two fly leafs all sets up threaded hole, and two screw hole threaded connection have same threaded rod, the threaded rod is located the second logical inslot, the second logical groove is set up in the side of fixed plate, the right-hand member fixedly connected with extrusion piece of threaded rod.
As a further scheme of the invention: two temperature controllers are arranged in the sample cavity, are respectively positioned on the left side and the right side of the inner wall of the sample cavity, and are controlled by an external computer.
As a further scheme of the invention: the primary cold head of the refrigerator is connected with the heat radiation prevention cylinder through a heat bridge and provides cold for the heat radiation prevention cylinder, and the secondary cold head of the refrigerator is connected with the sample cavity through the heat bridge and provides cold for the sample cavity.
As a further scheme of the invention: the refrigerating machine is a single refrigerating machine or a plurality of refrigerating units connected in parallel.
As a further scheme of the invention: the testing machine is an electronic universal material testing machine or a hydraulic servo material mechanical testing machine.
As a further scheme of the invention: the left end of threaded rod is provided with the rotating head, and the shape of rotating head is regular hexagon.
As a further scheme of the invention: and an electromagnetic valve is arranged in the second pipeline.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. this material low temperature mechanical properties testing arrangement with refrigerator as cold source, through placing the sample between two extrusion pieces, according to the shape of sample, when vertical direction is fixed, through adjusting two fly leafs position about on the fixed plate, the lower surface that utilizes extrusion piece is fixed the sample, when horizontal direction is fixed, drive the threaded rod at the threaded hole internal rotation through rotating the rotating head, position is fixed it about carrying out about adjusting threaded rod and extrusion piece, thereby guarantee that the sample is stable to be fixed in the sample intracavity.
2. This use material cryomechanics performance testing arrangement of refrigerator as cold source, regard the refrigerator as the cold source, helium in the sample chamber is as heat transfer medium, itself does not produce cold volume, helium can cyclic utilization, therefore helium can hardly lose, the massive waste of helium resource has been avoided, and still be equipped with the vacuum pump between sample chamber and holding vessel, accessible vacuum pump is with in retrieving the holding vessel with the helium of sample intracavity, because the simple use refrigerator can not reduce the temperature of sample intracavity to 4.2K, consequently reduce the temperature in the sample intracavity through the pressure that the vacuum pump reduces, can realize the material mechanics performance data test of arbitrary temperature point in the 4.2K-300K warm area, and control by temperature change accuracy, simple structure, high reliability, convenient operation, high efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a front cross section of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of part A of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a left enlarged schematic view of the fixing device of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a testing machine 1, a supporting frame 2, a base 3, a heat-preserving barrel 4, a refrigerating machine 5, a heat radiation prevention cylinder 6, a sample cavity 7, a first pipeline 8, a vacuum pump 9, a storage tank 10, a second pipeline 11, an electromagnetic valve 12, a temperature controller 13, a fixed plate 14, a screw 15, a movable plate 16, a first through groove 17, a threaded hole 18, a threaded rod 19, a rotating head 20, a second through groove 21 and an extrusion block 22.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present patent will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the present invention provides a technical solution: a device for testing the low-temperature mechanical properties of materials by using a refrigerator as a cold source comprises a testing machine 1, a heat-preserving barrel 4, a refrigerator 5, a heat radiation prevention barrel 6, a sample cavity 7 and a storage tank 1010, the testing machine 1 comprises a base 3 and a supporting frame 2 arranged in the base 3, the heat-insulating barrel 4 is arranged on the base 3, a sample cavity 7 is arranged on the support frame 2, the sample cavity 7 is positioned in the heat radiation prevention cylinder 6, the heat radiation prevention cylinder 6 is arranged in the heat preservation barrel 4, the left side surface of the heat preservation barrel 4 is provided with the refrigerator 5, the heat-insulating barrel 4 is used for sealing the refrigerator 5, the heat radiation-proof barrel 6 and the sample cavity 7 to ensure that the sample cavity is insulated from the outside, the right flank of testing machine 1 is provided with the holding vessel 10 of storing the helium, the lower surface of holding vessel 10 is linked together with sample chamber 7 through vacuum pump 9 and first pipeline 8, the upper surface of holding vessel 10 is linked together with sample chamber 7 through second pipeline 11.
Two fixed plates 14 are arranged in the sample cavity 7, two movable plates 16 are fixedly connected to the left side surface and the right side surface of each fixed plate 14 through four screws 15, every two screws 15 are respectively located in two first through grooves 17, the two first through grooves 17 are formed in the side surface of each fixed plate 14, threaded holes 18 are formed in opposite surfaces of the two movable plates 16, the two threaded holes 18 are in threaded connection with the same threaded rod 19, the threaded rod 19 is located in a second through groove 21, the second through groove 21 is formed in the side surface of each fixed plate 14, and an extrusion block 22 is fixedly connected to the right end of the threaded rod 19.
Two temperature controllers 13 are arranged in the sample cavity 7, the two temperature controllers 13 are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the inner wall of the sample cavity 7, and the two temperature controllers 13 are controlled by an external computer.
The primary cold head of the refrigerator 5 is connected with the heat radiation prevention cylinder 6 through a heat bridge and provides cold for the heat radiation prevention cylinder, and the secondary cold head of the refrigerator 5 is connected with the sample cavity 7 through a heat bridge and provides cold for the sample cavity.
The refrigerator 5 is a single refrigerator 5 or a plurality of parallel refrigerating units.
Testing machine 1 is the universal material testing machine of electron or the servo mechanical testing machine of hydraulic pressure the left end of threaded rod 19 is provided with rotating head 20, and the shape of rotating head 20 is regular hexagon.
An electromagnetic valve 12 is arranged in the second pipeline 11.
By placing the sample between two extrusion blocks 22, according to the shape of sample, when fixing in the vertical direction, through adjusting two fly leaf 16 positions from top to bottom on fixed plate 14, utilize the lower surface of extrusion block 22 to fix the sample, when fixing in the horizontal direction, drive threaded rod 19 at threaded hole 18 internal rotation through rotating swivel head 20, adjust threaded rod 19 and extrusion block 22 about going on and fix it to guarantee that the sample is stable fixes in sample chamber 7.
The refrigerator 5 is used as a cold source, the helium in the sample cavity 7 is used as a heat transfer medium, cold energy is not generated, and the helium can be recycled, so that the helium is hardly lost, and a large amount of helium resource waste is avoided, and the vacuum pump 9 is further arranged between the sample cavity 7 and the storage tank 10, so that the helium in the sample cavity 7 can be recycled into the storage tank 10 through the vacuum pump 9, and the temperature in the sample cavity 7 can not be reduced to 4.2K by simply using the refrigerator 5, so that the temperature in the sample cavity 7 is further reduced by reducing the pressure in the sample cavity 7 through the vacuum pump 9, the mechanical property data test of the material at any temperature point in a 4.2K-300K temperature zone can be realized, and the temperature control is accurate, the structure is simple, the reliability is high, the operation is convenient, and the efficiency is high.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
s1, when the device is used, firstly, the support frame 2 in the testing machine 1 is lifted, a sample is placed in the sample cavity 7, when the device needs to be fixed in the vertical direction, the positions of the two movable plates 16 on the fixed plate 14 are adjusted by adjusting the positions of the four screws 15 in the two first through grooves 17, the two movable plates 16 drive the extrusion block 22 to move up and down through the threaded rod 19, the lower surface of the extrusion block 22 is used for fixing the sample in the vertical direction, and when the device needs to be fixed in the horizontal direction, the threaded rod 19 drives the extrusion block 22 to move left and right under the action of the threaded hole 18 by rotating the rotating head 20, so that the sample is fixed in the horizontal direction;
s2, descending the support frame 2 of the testing machine 1, fixing the sample cavity 7 and the support frame 2 by using bolts, sealing the sample cavity 7, opening the electromagnetic valve 12 on the second pipeline 11, conveying the gas in the storage tank 10 into the sample cavity 7, starting the refrigerator 5, transmitting the cold energy into the sample cavity 7, and carrying out low-temperature treatment on the sample in the sample cavity 7;
and S3, finally, controlling the temperature controller 13 through the computer, controlling the temperature of the sample and the temperature around the sample, starting the tester 1 to perform mechanical property test when the preset temperature is reached and stabilized, starting the vacuum pump 9 when the temperature needs to be continuously reduced, and conveying the gas in the sample cavity 7 into the storage tank 10 through the first pipeline 8 to reduce the pressure in the sample cavity 7.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present patent have been described in detail, the present patent is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present patent within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a material low temperature mechanical properties testing arrangement with refrigerator as cold source, includes testing machine (1), heat-preserving container (4), refrigerator (5), anti-heat radiation section of thick bamboo (6), sample chamber (7) and holding vessel (10) (10), its characterized in that: the testing machine (1) comprises a base (3) and a supporting frame (2) arranged in the base, the heat-insulating barrel (4) is arranged on the base (3), the supporting frame (2) is provided with a sample cavity (7), the sample cavity (7) is positioned in a heat radiation prevention cylinder (6), the heat radiation prevention cylinder (6) is arranged in a heat-insulating barrel (4), the left side surface of the heat-insulating barrel (4) is provided with a refrigerator (5), the heat-insulating barrel (4) is used for sealing the refrigerator (5), the heat radiation-proof cylinder (6) and the sample cavity (7) to ensure that the heat-insulating barrel is insulated from the outside, a storage tank (10) for storing helium is arranged on the right side surface of the testing machine (1), the lower surface of the storage tank (10) is communicated with the sample cavity (7) through a vacuum pump (9) and a first pipeline (8), the upper surface of the storage tank (10) is communicated with the sample cavity (7) through a second pipeline (11);
be provided with two fixed plates (14) in sample chamber (7), the left and right sides face of fixed plate (14) is through four screw (15) fixedly connected with fly leaf (16), and two liang of screw (15) are located two first logical groove (17) respectively, and just two first logical groove (17) are seted up in the side of fixed plate (14), and threaded hole (18) are all seted up to the opposite face of two fly leaf (16), and two threaded hole (18) threaded connection have same threaded rod (19), threaded rod (19) are located second logical groove (21), the side at fixed plate (14) is seted up in second logical groove (21), the right-hand member fixedly connected with extrusion piece (22) of threaded rod (19).
2. The device for testing the low-temperature mechanical property of the material using the refrigerator as the cold source as claimed in claim 1, wherein: two temperature controllers (13) are arranged in the sample cavity (7), the two temperature controllers (13) are respectively positioned at the left side and the right side of the inner wall of the sample cavity (7), and the two temperature controllers (13) are controlled by an external computer.
3. The device for testing the low-temperature mechanical property of the material using the refrigerator as the cold source as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the primary cold head of the refrigerator (5) is connected with the heat radiation prevention cylinder (6) through a heat bridge and provides cold for the heat radiation prevention cylinder, and the secondary cold head of the refrigerator (5) is connected with the sample cavity (7) through the heat bridge and provides cold for the sample cavity.
4. The device for testing the low-temperature mechanical property of the material using the refrigerator as the cold source as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the refrigerating machine (5) is a single refrigerating machine (5) or a plurality of refrigerating units connected in parallel.
5. The device for testing the low-temperature mechanical property of the material using the refrigerator as the cold source as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the testing machine (1) is an electronic universal material testing machine or a hydraulic servo material mechanical testing machine.
6. The device for testing the low-temperature mechanical property of the material using the refrigerator as the cold source as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the left end of the threaded rod (19) is provided with a rotating head (20), and the rotating head (20) is in a regular hexagon shape.
7. The device for testing the low-temperature mechanical property of the material using the refrigerator as the cold source as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an electromagnetic valve (12) is arranged in the second pipeline (11).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910961007.2A CN110646275A (en) | 2019-10-11 | 2019-10-11 | Material low-temperature mechanical property testing device using refrigerating machine as cold source |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910961007.2A CN110646275A (en) | 2019-10-11 | 2019-10-11 | Material low-temperature mechanical property testing device using refrigerating machine as cold source |
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2019
- 2019-10-11 CN CN201910961007.2A patent/CN110646275A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20110047805A (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-09 | 한국전력공사 | Composite Test Device of Pipe Element |
| CN103063699A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2013-04-24 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Material low-temperature thermal expansion coefficient testing device using refrigerator as cold source |
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