CN101307862B - Conduction cooling superconducting magnet dewar convenient for loading and unloading - Google Patents
Conduction cooling superconducting magnet dewar convenient for loading and unloading Download PDFInfo
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- CN101307862B CN101307862B CN2008101005577A CN200810100557A CN101307862B CN 101307862 B CN101307862 B CN 101307862B CN 2008101005577 A CN2008101005577 A CN 2008101005577A CN 200810100557 A CN200810100557 A CN 200810100557A CN 101307862 B CN101307862 B CN 101307862B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a conduction-cooled superconducting magnet Dewar with easy loading-unloading, comprising a Dewar cylinder. The conduction-cooled superconducting magnet Dewar is characterized in that the Dewar cylinder is a hollow annular cylinder, the middle of the annular cylinder is provided with a room temperature hole, an annular copper cold shield is arranged in the Dewar cylinder, a refrigerator and a superconducting magnet are arranged in the copper cold shield, a vacuum pumping port is arranged on the Dewar cylinder, a measuring device is arranged on an upper cover of the Dewar cylinder and the Dewar cylinder is in a vacuum state. Compared with the prior Dewar container, the conduction-cooled superconducting magnet Dewar is simpler, has small conduction heat leakage, and has the advantages of easy installation and disassembly; the refrigerator is used for conducting and cooling without a low temperature liquid (such as liquid helium and so on) cooling system; because of simple and safe system, a first-level cold junction of the refrigerator is operated under a temperature of 77K, thereby realizing heat sink of the copper cold shield, an electric lead and a support device; the first-level cold junction of the refrigerator adopts soft connection, thereby reducing temperature increment of the magnet due to vibration of the refrigerator; and the conduction-cooled superconducting magnet Dewar has the advantages of easy operation of manufacture, processing and installation, and is applicable to scale production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cooled cryostat container, belong to cryogenic engineering and superconductor applications field; Particularly a kind of conduction cooling superconducting magnet dewar of being convenient to load and unload is used for conduction cooling superconducting magnet, realizes the acquisition and the application of high-intensity magnetic field.
Background technology
At present, store, transport with the superconducting magnet experiment in the cooled cryostat container that uses, how based on traditional transpiration-cooled double wall vacuum insulation vessel of cryogenic liquid that utilizes, and how seal in the mode of welding, be convenient to load and unload, fault is got rid of and safeguard aspect have certain drawback.
Traditional cryogenic magnet cools off with cryogenic liquid.Owing to use cryogenic liquid to cool off, make the structure more complicated of superconducting magnet, in running, to constantly replenish cryogenic liquid, cause operation more loaded down with trivial details, operating cost is also higher.Cryogenic liquid, especially the price of liquid helium is the comparison costliness, China's helium resource scarcity, the liquid helium price continues to rise.These factors seriously hamper popularizing of superconducting magnet technology and based on the correlation technique application and development of superconducting magnet technology.
Because the breakthrough of small-sized refrigerating machine technology and the appearance of high-temperature superconductive lead wire, the conduction cooling superconducting magnet technology has obtained fast development over past ten years, and at present in a lot of applications, conduction cooling magnet or has replaced immersion cooling magnet.
Along with the development of superconductor technology and Refrigeration Technique and to the demand of highfield, superconducting magnet technology simple in structure, easy and simple to handle, that cooled off by refrigeration machine receives publicity day by day.Directly cooling off the characteristics that are different from the cryogenic liquid refrigerating mode is, it has saved cryogenic system and equipment huge in the cryogenic liquid type of cooling, eliminated the danger that the cryogenic liquid evaporation is brought simultaneously, and magnet can be cooled to below the 77K, improve the critical current of magnet and realize the highfield, thereby make superconduction cryogenic system compactness, efficiently, safety, convenient, help realizing that superconductive device and Cryo Equipment are integrated, it is the developing direction of high-temperature superconductor cryogenic technique, therefore the superconducting magnet system of conduction cooling has broad application prospects in a lot of fields, and for example superconduction magnetic separates the sewage disposal application, synthetic and the chemical reaction of the material of research under magnetic field, research magnetic field is to the influence of biological cell and military field engineering etc.
In view of the development of the superconducting magnet system that conducts cooling, low leakage heat and Dewar simple in structure seem important day by day.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of conduction cooling superconducting magnet dewar of being convenient to load and unload, the present invention utilizes the mode of conduction cooling to substitute the cryogenic liquid cooling, greatly simplifies the structure, and has realized high vacuum, reduced and leaked heat, freed dependence and expensive operation cryogenic liquid; Simultaneously, the Dewar parts can be dismantled, and are easy to maintenance.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
The conduction cooling superconducting magnet dewar of being convenient to load and unload, include the Dewar cylindrical shell, it is characterized in that: described Dewar cylindrical shell is the circular cylinder of hollow, in the middle of the circular cylinder is the room temperature hole, the cold screen of copper of annular cylinder shape shape is installed in the Dewar cylindrical shell, Dewar cylindrical shell upper end is equipped with the loam cake flange, the cold screen of copper upper end is equipped with loam cake, cover on the loam cake flange of described Dewar cylindrical shell and the cold screen of copper and be equipped with the interface that refrigeration machine is installed, described loam cake flange, support bar is installed between the loam cake, the support bar lower end connects superconducting magnet, superconducting magnet is positioned at the cold screen of copper, on the described Dewar cylindrical shell vacuum pumping port is arranged, on the Dewar cylinder top cover measuring element is installed, be in vacuum state in the Dewar cylindrical shell.
Described loam cake flange and other part bonding place all adopt Wilson seal, flexible damping pad between loam cake flange and the Dewar cylindrical shell.
Described support bar adopts the expoxy glass steel.
Described room temperature hole is eccentric room temperature hole.
Cover on described copper cold screen housing outer wall and the cold screen of copper and have bar-shaped trough.
The bar-shaped trough that evenly to have four width on the cold screen inner walls of described copper be 2mm; On cover and also have bar-shaped trough, the inside and outside wall of the cold screen of copper is all with heat-insulating material.
Current feed of the present invention adopts copper-high-temperature superconductor-copper binary composite construction, each is once heat sink at Leng Pingchu (77K) and secondary cold head place in the lead-in wire transition joint, can accomplish than the gas cooled current lead low level that many to secondary cold head and current feed to the leakage heat of superconducting magnet thereby go between.
The cold screen housing of copper integral body is opened a groove that runs through the whole first half, electric current changes the changes of magnetic field that causes during with minimizing excitation and operation, thereby the eddy current that produces, and at 4 width of inwall circumference uniform distribution that magnetic field concentration distributes groove that is 2mm, block big eddy current and local eddy currents, thereby reduce eddy current heat.
The cold screen inwall of copper heat-insulating material is about 20 layers, and outer wall 80-100 layer is close to cold screen surfaces with adsorbent earlier before the bag heat insulation layer, and is prevented hot short circuit phenomenon.
The cold screen inner surface of copper (to the low-temperature space heat radiation surface) polishing to reduce radiant heat transfer, guarantees the temperature of magnet, prevents the superconducting coil quench.
Though can utilize refrigeration machine constantly to move to the superconducting magnet system cooling to keep the operating temperature of magnet, but the magnet of this refrigeration machine conduction cooling is in the vacuum environment, because the A.C.power loss when disturbance or magnet excitation all makes the temperature of magnet raise easily, if disturbance is big or the excitation excessive velocities, magnet just is easy to quench, the present invention adopts soft oxygen-free copper conduction cooling pigtail, promptly increase the conduction cooling effect, reduce the temperature difference between cold head and the magnet, thereby and reduce magnet heat production and the temperature that magnet vibrations that the refrigeration machine vibrations cause cause and raise.
Realize that between current feed and the cold screen of copper, secondary cold head when heat sink, junction pad aluminium nitride ceramics pad promptly plays the electric insulation effect, and good thermal conductance is arranged again.
At the refrigeration machine cold head with by cold junction, increase cross-sectional area, reduce heat conduction length, to improve heat-conducting effect, reduce the temperature difference between the two, thereby realize the temperature requirement of the normal operation of superconducting magnet.
Each weld of outer vacuum dewar all adopts argon arc welding, and does follow-up cleaning, not only satisfies the vacuum requirement, also will satisfy requirement of strength.
The heat-conducting effect of fiber glass epoxy support bar own is poor, and realizes once heat sinkly at the cold screen of copper place, and its two ends are double rotational directions screw threads, can save bolted, reduce the thermal capacitance of low temperature part, reduce pre-cool time, and make simple in structure, the compactness height.
Refrigerator interface, bolted screwed hole does not run through the loam cake flange, and rectangular seal, to guarantee the high vacuum requirement, and between refrigeration machine and loam cake flange, add rubber gasket, reduce the transmission of vibrations, reduce the vibrations noise, thereby reduce the coil eddy current heat that the magnet vibrations cause to Dewar integral body.
Dewar cylindrical shell of the present invention is provided with vacuum pumping port, connects vacuum valve when vacuumizing, taken out vacuum after, block vacuum pumping port with pair 0 type circle sealing blocks, can unload vacuum valve, convenient and practical.
The connector of upper flange all adopts and can load and unload connected mode, as: Wilson seal is adopted in current feed, the sealing of room temperature hole; The measuring-signal lead-in wire adopts plug type vacuum seal socket.
When system installs, press deformation under the low temperature of material, leave surplus,, still guarantee each connector bonding strength, heat conduction or adiabatic requirement to guarantee after low-temperature deformation.
Some special devices can be installed in the room temperature hole, carry out scientific research and practical application.For example, magnetisable screen apparatus is installed in the room temperature hole, is carried out magnetic and separate sewage disposal; The mounting material chemical experiment device can be studied the synthetic and chemical reaction of material under magnetic field; The Bioexperiment device is installed, can be studied the influence of magnetic field biological cell; Military experimental provision is installed, can be carried out military field engineering etc.
Adopt the intrinsic inconvenience of liquid helium immersion cooling superconducting magnet inevitable, make superconducting magnet system still complicated.Cool off superconducting magnet with small-sized refrigerator, the complexity of simplified system greatly then, the problem that makes system compact and avoid using liquid helium to bring, this type systematic is convenient can the use on the ground that supply of electric power is arranged.The present invention is simple in structure, leakage heat is little, can realize loading and unloading repeatedly, makes the simple of aspects changes such as fault eliminating, device systems optimization and maintenance.In practical application, military field engineering and scientific experiment research, certain advantage is arranged, and suitable large-scale production.
In utilizing the ANSYS software simulation, native system satisfies stress and deformation demand, in the leakage heat and the cooling calculating of conducting heat, draw and utilize one-level cold 45W (under the 77K), the GM refrigeration machine of secondary cold 6W (under the 20K), heat is leaked below 25W to cold screen in the system that can guarantee, leaks heat below 3W to magnet, realize that cold screen is operated in 77K, guarantee that the Bi2223 high-temperature superconducting magnet runs on 20K.The application facet that realizes high-intensity magnetic field at high-temperature superconducting magnet has certain practicality.This Dewar device can be realized vertical and horizontal positioned, and recycling rate of waterused is higher, stable performance.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the conduction cooling superconducting magnet dewar of being convenient to load and unload, include Dewar cylindrical shell 4, Dewar cylindrical shell 4 is the circular cylinder of hollow, in the middle of the circular cylinder is eccentric room temperature hole 5, the cold screen 13 of copper of annular cylinder shape shape is installed in the Dewar cylindrical shell 4, and Dewar cylindrical shell 4 upper ends are installed to loam cake flange 2 upper and lower ends and standard sealing head 6 welding with bolt 3.Loam cake flange 2 is provided with the interface 1 that refrigeration machine is installed.Between loam cake flange 2, the loam cake 12 fiber glass epoxy support bar 11 is installed, support bar 11 lower ends connect superconducting magnet 14, and superconducting magnet 14 is positioned at the cold screen 13 of copper.Fiber glass epoxy support bar 15 is housed between Dewar cylindrical shell 4 and superconducting magnet, and fiber glass epoxy support bar 15 is spacing and use during for horizontal positioned.Vacuum pumping port 10 is arranged on the Dewar cylindrical shell 4, measuring element 8 is installed on the loam cake flange 2.The bar-shaped trough that to have four width on cold screen 13 outer walls of copper be 2mm; The cold screen 13 inwall heat-insulating materials of copper are about 20 layers, and outer wall 80-100 layer is close to cold screen surfaces with adsorbent earlier before the bag heat insulation layer; The cold screen 13 inner surfaces polishing of copper.
Between loam cake flange 2 and the room temperature hole 5, all adopt Wilson seal 7,9 between current feed interface and the loam cake flange 2.
Support section according to the position and the angle of design are installed Dewar meets design requirement with deformation, stress and heat conduction and the leakage heat that guarantees Dewar.
When loading and unloading, disassembly sequence and erection sequence are just in time opposite, avoid the breakage of screw thread as far as possible, change sealing ring and heat-transfer device at every turn, in the time of with the assurance recycling, reach good effect.
Claims (4)
1. be convenient to the conduction cooling superconducting magnet dewar that loads and unloads, include the Dewar cylindrical shell, it is characterized in that: described Dewar cylindrical shell is the circular cylinder of hollow, in the middle of the circular cylinder is the room temperature hole, the cold screen of copper of annular cylinder shape shape is installed in the Dewar cylindrical shell, Dewar cylindrical shell upper end is equipped with the loam cake flange, the cold screen of copper upper end is equipped with loam cake, cover on the loam cake flange of described Dewar cylindrical shell and the cold screen of copper and be equipped with the interface that refrigeration machine is installed, described loam cake flange, between the cold screen loam cake of copper support bar is installed, the support bar lower end connects superconducting magnet, superconducting magnet is positioned at the cold screen of copper, on the described Dewar cylindrical shell vacuum pumping port is arranged, on the Dewar cylinder top cover measuring element is installed, be in vacuum state in the Dewar cylindrical shell; Described loam cake flange and other part bonding place all adopt Wilson seal, flexible damping pad between loam cake flange and the Dewar cylindrical shell; Cover on described copper cold screen housing outer wall and the cold screen of copper and have bar-shaped trough.
2. the conduction cooling superconducting magnet dewar of being convenient to load and unload according to claim 1 is characterized in that described support bar adopts the expoxy glass steel.
3. the conduction cooling superconducting magnet dewar of being convenient to load and unload according to claim 1 is characterized in that described room temperature hole is eccentric room temperature hole.
4. the conduction cooling superconducting magnet dewar of being convenient to load and unload according to claim 1 is characterized in that evenly having four width on the cold screen inner walls of described copper the bar-shaped trough that is 2mm; Cover on the cold screen of copper and also have bar-shaped trough, the inside and outside wall of the cold screen of copper is all with heat-insulating material.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008101005577A CN101307862B (en) | 2008-05-12 | 2008-05-12 | Conduction cooling superconducting magnet dewar convenient for loading and unloading |
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| CN2008101005577A CN101307862B (en) | 2008-05-12 | 2008-05-12 | Conduction cooling superconducting magnet dewar convenient for loading and unloading |
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| CN101307862B true CN101307862B (en) | 2011-03-30 |
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2008
- 2008-05-12 CN CN2008101005577A patent/CN101307862B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN102661482A (en) * | 2012-04-25 | 2012-09-12 | 江苏美时医疗技术有限公司 | Nonmetal magnetism-free liquid nitrogen dewar |
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