CN117269865A - High-field animal magnetic resonance imaging conduction cooling superconducting magnet structure - Google Patents
High-field animal magnetic resonance imaging conduction cooling superconducting magnet structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN117269865A CN117269865A CN202311540907.2A CN202311540907A CN117269865A CN 117269865 A CN117269865 A CN 117269865A CN 202311540907 A CN202311540907 A CN 202311540907A CN 117269865 A CN117269865 A CN 117269865A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000002595 magnetic resonance imaging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010003497 Asphyxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000271 Kevlar® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002059 diagnostic imaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004761 kevlar Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
- G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
- G01R33/34—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR
- G01R33/34015—Temperature-controlled RF coils
- G01R33/3403—Means for cooling of the RF coils, e.g. a refrigerator or a cooling vessel specially adapted for housing an RF coil
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/20—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables involving magnetic resonance
- G01R33/28—Details of apparatus provided for in groups G01R33/44 - G01R33/64
- G01R33/32—Excitation or detection systems, e.g. using radio frequency signals
- G01R33/34—Constructional details, e.g. resonators, specially adapted to MR
- G01R33/34015—Temperature-controlled RF coils
- G01R33/34023—Superconducting RF coils
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
- H01F6/04—Cooling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
- H01F6/06—Coils, e.g. winding, insulating, terminating or casing arrangements therefor
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-field animal magnetic resonance imaging conduction cooling superconducting magnet structure, which relates to the field of magnetic resonance and comprises a superconducting coil, a cold screen, a vacuum container and a service tower. The superconducting coil, the cold screen, the vacuum vessel is from inside to outside coaxial arrangement, the service tower is installed directly over the vacuum vessel. The superconducting coil comprises a main coil and a shielding coil, the main coil is hung on a vacuum container through pull rods arranged on two sides, the main coil is composed of 6 separated coils with different diameters, the shielding coil is composed of two separated coils, and a stainless steel thin barrel is arranged on the outer side of the shielding coil. The service tower is internally provided with a GM refrigerator, a primary cold guide plate and a secondary cold guide plate, which are used for collecting all cold guide links used for cooling the cold screen and the superconducting coils, and the secondary cold guide plate is provided with a rope suspension structure. The secondary cold head of the refrigerator is in good thermal connection with the secondary cold guide plate through the flexible cold guide belt. The invention has simple structure, economic and safe magnet operation and simple operation, and can completely run without helium.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of magnetic resonance, in particular to a high-field animal magnetic resonance imaging conduction cooling superconducting magnet structure.
Background
Medical magnetic resonance imaging is widely used in the clinical medical field as one of the most advanced medical imaging devices. The magnetic resonance imaging of small animals is a high and new technology which can be widely applied to the related cross fields of biomedical and scientific engineering basic research and the like, and is an indispensable means for preclinical image scientific research.
At present, a magnetic resonance superconducting magnet (with the room temperature aperture of 600-900 mm) for whole body imaging of a human body is cooled and maintained at a low temperature in a liquid helium soaking mode, a large amount of expensive helium resources are required to be consumed in the whole process, accessories such as a quench tube, a liquid helium container and the like are required to be configured, the structural complexity of the superconducting magnet is improved, in addition, the superconducting magnet has quench risks, the quench process is accompanied with the process of rapid thermal expansion of liquid helium, and the space where the superconducting magnet is located has risks of explosion and helium asphyxia. With the increasing exhaustion of global helium resources, some magnet companies at home and abroad propose solutions of few liquid helium or even no liquid helium superconducting magnets. For example, chinese patent application CN113871132a discloses a liquid helium-free animal imaging superconducting magnet, which still retains a liquid helium container for pre-cooling the magnet, and has the disadvantages of complex structure, high operation difficulty and the like.
With the development of refrigerator technology, the conduction cooling superconducting magnet technology starts to be in the brand-new corner of the field of special electrical equipment, compared with an electromagnetic coil, the conduction cooling superconducting magnet has the advantages of high efficiency, energy saving, economy, safety, simplicity in operation and the like, but the conduction cooling superconducting magnet technology is slowly developed in the field of magnetic resonance, and is mainly because the whole body magnetic resonance magnet of a human body is large in scale, the cooling speed is too slow by using the conduction cooling technology, the temperature uniformity of the superconducting coil is poor, the balance and the shunt temperature is high, the magnet is cool and heavy, and the cooling time of the system is a difficult point. In addition, magnetic resonance superconducting magnets employing conduction cooling approach are also challenged to eliminate the adverse effects of motion artifacts from refrigerator vibration on imaging.
Compared with the whole-body magnetic resonance imaging of a human body, the superconducting magnet required by animal magnetic resonance has a smaller scale (room temperature aperture of 200-500 mm), so that the implementation of animal magnetic resonance imaging in a conduction cooling mode is a more economical and practical mode. Chinese patent application CN106449001a discloses an ultra-high field high uniformity superconducting magnet for magnetic resonance imaging of small animals, the bore diameter of the magnet reaches 210-450 mm, but the magnet is maintained at low temperature by liquid helium immersion. In practice, the superconducting magnet suitable for animal imaging is cooled and maintained at a low temperature by adopting a liquid helium soaking or helium precooling mode, and the structure of the superconducting magnet for conduction cooling animal magnetic resonance imaging is rarely reported.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a high-field animal magnetic resonance imaging conduction cooling superconducting magnet structure, on the basis of the existing helium-free magnetic resonance superconducting magnet, the invention optimizes an electromagnetic design scheme, improves the shunt temperature of a coil, adopts a lightweight framework structure, reduces the cooling weight of the magnet, controls the cooling time of a system within an acceptable range by adopting a conduction cooling mode, simultaneously provides a rope suspension mode of a cooling structure to reduce motion artifacts caused by vibration transmission of a cold head of a refrigerator, and designs an animal magnetic resonance superconducting magnet with active shielding, wherein the central magnetic field is 3T, the room temperature aperture is 300-400 mm, and the magnet is economical and safe to operate and can completely operate without helium.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the high-field animal magnetic resonance imaging conduction cooling superconducting magnet structure is characterized by comprising a superconducting coil, a cold screen, a vacuum container and a service tower; the superconducting coil, the cold screen and the vacuum container are coaxially arranged from inside to outside, and the service tower is arranged right above the vacuum container; the superconducting coil comprises a main coil and a shielding coil, the main coil is hung on a vacuum container through a plurality of pull rods arranged on two sides of the superconducting coil, the main coil consists of 6 separated coils with different diameters, and the shielding coil consists of two separated coils; the cold screen is hung on the vacuum container through an independent pull rod; the service tower is internally provided with a GM refrigerator, a primary cold guide plate and a secondary cold guide plate, and is used for collecting cold guide links for cooling the superconducting coils, and the secondary cold guide plate is thermally connected with a secondary cold head of the GM refrigerator through a flexible cold guide belt; the magnetic field intensity of the high field is 3T, and the room temperature aperture of the magnet is 300-400 mm.
Preferably, the main coil is wound in a skeleton wire groove of a main skeleton formed by processing an aluminum alloy, a polytetrafluoroethylene film with the thickness of 0.2mm is sprayed on the inner wall of the skeleton wire groove, the shielding coil is wound in the skeleton wire groove of a shielding skeleton formed by processing an aluminum alloy, a polytetrafluoroethylene film with the thickness of 0.2mm is sprayed on the inner wall of the skeleton wire groove, and aluminum alloy materials are adopted for guaranteeing lighter cooling quality and faster cooling speed.
Preferably, the middle part of the shielding framework is hollowed out, so that on one hand, the weight can be reduced, and on the other hand, the shielding framework can be used for wiring and installing a superconducting switch, a superconducting joint and a quench protection circuit. The main framework and the shielding framework are connected through positioning end plates with high precision at two ends, so that high coaxial precision of the main framework and the shielding framework is ensured.
Preferably, the main framework and the shielding framework are provided with a plurality of threaded holes for connecting and fixing the cold-conducting link.
Preferably, in order to reduce the heat radiation surface area of the magnet and to make the magnet as compact as possible, a thin stainless steel cylinder with a mirror finish thickness of only 0.5mm is wrapped on the outside of the shielding frame for withstanding the radiation heat leakage of the cold shield to the superconducting coil.
Preferably, the cold screen is made of industrial pure aluminium with a thickness of 4-5 mm.
Preferably, the cold-conducting link and the flexible cold-conducting strip are both made of high-purity copper stranded wires with high RRR values and high flexibility.
Preferably, the plurality of pull rods form a pull rod suspension structure, and the superconducting coils are suspended in the vacuum container in a three-dimensional inclined pulling mode, so that certain motion impact can be resisted, and other support structures are not required to be additionally arranged during transportation.
Preferably, the service tower middle refrigerator selects two-stage GM refrigerator with mature technology, low energy consumption and low cost, in order to avoid that the flexible cold-conducting belt is straightened to lead the GM refrigerator to draw a cylinder or the GM refrigerator vibration is transmitted to the superconducting coil to cause the image to appear motion artifact because the weight of the two-stage cold-conducting plate is large, the two-stage cold-conducting plate is provided with a rope suspension structure to ensure that the flexible cold-conducting belt is always in a free state, and 4 uniformly distributed Kevlar ropes are used for suspending the two-stage cold-conducting plate on an upper end plate of the service tower.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The invention relates to a high-field small animal magnetic resonance conduction cooling superconducting magnet system, wherein the high field is 3T, and the room temperature aperture of the magnet is 300-400 mm. Compared with the middle-low field magnetic resonance, the 3T magnetic field strength can provide better signal-to-noise ratio and higher image resolution, the room temperature aperture of 300-400 mm can meet the space requirement of animal clinical or scientific imaging with the weight of 5-10 kg, the superconducting magnet system can completely run without helium, accessories such as a quench tube, a liquid helium container and the like are omitted, and the complexity of the superconducting magnet structure is greatly simplified.
(2) The main coil comprises 6 separate coils with different diameters, the shielding coil comprises 2 separate coils, the combination can effectively inhibit higher harmonics, ensure higher magnetic field uniformity of an imaging area, and distribute stray fields in a smaller range, such as for example, for a 3T room temperature aperture of 300mm, the magnetic field uniformity is better than 8ppm in the imaging area of 180mm, and the 5 Gauss stray field area is better than 1.8m in the axial direction and 1.2m in the radial direction.
(3) The main coil and the shielding coil are respectively wound on a framework made of aluminum alloy, so that the cooling quality can be effectively reduced, and the cooling time of the system is shortened, for example, the cooling time of the system is lower than 320 hours aiming at the aperture of 3T room temperature by 300 mm.
(4) The invention provides a pull rod suspension structure which adopts a three-dimensional pull rod form, namely, all the pull rods form a certain included angle with the three-dimensional direction of the superconducting coil, and the design can lead the superconducting magnet to resist certain motion impact without additionally arranging other support structures during transportation.
(5) The outside of the shielding coil is coated with a mirror polished stainless steel thin cylinder, so that radiation heat leakage from the cold screen to the superconducting coil can be resisted, and the whole superconducting magnet structure is as compact as possible.
(6) The two-stage cold guide plate is provided with a rope suspension structure, the structure can help the two-stage cold head of the GM refrigerator to bear the weight of the two-stage cold guide plate, and the flexible cold guide belt is always in a free state, so that image motion artifacts caused by vibration transmitted to the superconducting coil by the GM refrigerator can be effectively isolated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high field animal MRI conduction cooled superconducting magnet of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a three-dimensional view of a superconducting coil.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and that all other embodiments obtained by persons skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of the present invention based on the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a high-field animal magnetic resonance imaging conduction cooling superconducting magnet structure of the present invention includes a superconducting coil 1, a cold shield 2, a vacuum vessel 3, and a service tower 4. The superconducting coil 1, the cold screen 2 and the vacuum container 3 are coaxially arranged from inside to outside, and the service tower 4 is arranged right above the vacuum container 3.
The superconducting coil 1 comprises a main coil 101 and a shielding coil 102, wherein the main coil 101 is composed of 6 separated coils with different diameters, and the shielding coil 102 is composed of two separated coils, wherein the main coil 101 is hung on a vacuum container 3 through 8 pull rods 103 arranged on two sides. The main coil 101 is arranged on the main framework, the shielding coil 102 is arranged on the shielding framework, and the main framework and the shielding framework are connected through positioning end plates 104 with high precision at two ends so as to ensure high coaxial precision of the main framework and the shielding framework. The middle part of the shielding framework is hollowed out, so that weight can be reduced on one hand, and the shielding framework can be used for wiring and installing accessories 106 on the other hand. The cold screen 2 is hung on the vacuum container 3 through an independent pull rod. The accessory 106 includes a superconducting switch, a superconducting joint, and a quench protection circuit. And a plurality of threaded holes 107 are formed in the main framework and the shielding framework and are used for connecting and fixing the cold guide links.
The service tower 4 is internally provided with a GM refrigerator 401, a first-stage cold guide plate 402 and a second-stage cold guide plate 403, wherein the first-stage cold guide plate 402 gathers all cold guide links for cooling the cold screen 2, the second-stage cold guide plate 403 gathers all cold guide links for cooling the superconducting coil 1, and a second-stage cold head of the GM refrigerator 401 is thermally connected with the second-stage cold guide plate 403 through a flexible cold guide belt 404, and the first-stage cold head of the GM refrigerator 401 is directly thermally connected with the first-stage cold guide plate 402.
The middle part of the shielding coil 102 is hollowed out, 6 slots are dug in total, one slot is provided with a superconducting switch and a quench protection circuit, and the other slot is provided with a superconducting joint. The superconducting switch and the superconducting connector are respectively provided with a cold conduction link for transmitting cold energy.
The secondary cold guide plate 403 is provided with a rope suspension structure 405, one end of the rope suspension structure 405 is connected with the secondary cold guide plate 403, the other end of the rope suspension structure 405 is connected with the upper end plate of the service tower 4, the rope suspension structure 405 can help the secondary cold head of the GM refrigerator 401 bear the weight of the secondary cold guide plate 403, the flexible cold guide belt 404 is always in a free state, and image motion artifacts caused by vibration transmitted by the GM refrigerator 401 to the superconducting coil 1 can be effectively isolated.
The plurality of pull rods 103 form a pull rod suspension structure, the pull rod suspension structure adopts a three-dimensional pull rod mode, namely, all the pull rods 103 form a certain included angle with the three-dimensional direction of the superconducting coil 1, the included angle between the pull rods 103 and the three-dimensional direction of the superconducting coil 1 is generally 5-85 degrees according to different transportation impact forces in the three-dimensional direction, and the design can enable the superconducting magnet to resist certain movement impact without additionally arranging other support structures during transportation.
The outside of the shielding coil 102 is coated with a mirror polished stainless steel thin tube 105, which can resist radiation heat leakage from the cold shield 2 to the superconducting coil 1 and make the whole superconducting magnet structure as compact as possible. Preferably, the stainless steel thin tube 105 has a thickness of 0.5mm.
While the foregoing has been described in relation to illustrative embodiments thereof, so as to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, but is to be construed as limited to the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, as long as various changes are apparent to those skilled in the art, all within the scope of which the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The high-field animal magnetic resonance imaging conduction cooling superconducting magnet structure is characterized by comprising a superconducting coil, a cold screen, a vacuum container and a service tower; the superconducting coil, the cold screen and the vacuum container are coaxially arranged from inside to outside, and the service tower is arranged right above the vacuum container; the superconducting coil comprises a main coil and a shielding coil, the main coil is hung on a vacuum container through a plurality of pull rods arranged on two sides of the superconducting coil, the main coil consists of 6 separated coils with different diameters, and the shielding coil consists of two separated coils; the cold screen is hung on the vacuum container through an independent pull rod; the service tower is internally provided with a GM refrigerator, a primary cold guide plate and a secondary cold guide plate, and is used for collecting cold guide links for cooling the superconducting coils, and the secondary cold guide plate is thermally connected with a secondary cold head of the GM refrigerator through a flexible cold guide belt; the magnetic field intensity of the high field is 3T, and the room temperature aperture of the magnet is 300-400 mm.
2. The high-field animal magnetic resonance imaging conduction cooling superconducting magnet structure according to claim 1, wherein the main coil and the shielding coil are respectively wound in a skeleton wire groove of a main skeleton and a shielding skeleton which are made of aluminum alloy, and the middle part of the shielding skeleton is hollowed out for wiring and mounting a superconducting switch, a superconducting joint and a quench protection circuit; the main framework and the shielding framework are connected through positioning end plates at two ends so as to ensure coaxial precision.
3. A high field animal magnetic resonance imaging conduction cooling superconducting magnet structure according to claim 2, wherein the outside of the shielding framework comprises a mirror polished stainless steel thin cylinder with a thickness of 0.5mm for resisting radiation heat leakage from the cold shield to the superconducting coils.
4. The high-field animal magnetic resonance imaging conduction cooling superconducting magnet structure according to claim 1, wherein a rope suspension structure is arranged on the secondary cold guide plate, a secondary cold head of the auxiliary GM refrigerator bears the weight of the secondary cold guide plate, the flexible cold guide belt is always in a free state, and image motion artifacts caused by vibration transmitted to the superconducting coil by the GM refrigerator are blocked.
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CN202311540907.2A CN117269865A (en) | 2023-11-20 | 2023-11-20 | High-field animal magnetic resonance imaging conduction cooling superconducting magnet structure |
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