CN103057395A - Hybrid power transmission - Google Patents
Hybrid power transmission Download PDFInfo
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- CN103057395A CN103057395A CN2013100382177A CN201310038217A CN103057395A CN 103057395 A CN103057395 A CN 103057395A CN 2013100382177 A CN2013100382177 A CN 2013100382177A CN 201310038217 A CN201310038217 A CN 201310038217A CN 103057395 A CN103057395 A CN 103057395A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hybrid power transmission, comprising an internal-combustion engine, a Ravenna planetary system and a differential assembly, wherein an input shaft is connected with the internal-combustion engine through a torque damper; and a first motor is arranged on a planet carrier of the Ravenna planetary system, while a second motor is arranged on a front sun wheel of the Ravenna planetary system. The hybrid power transmission is improved on the 4AT basis of the existing Ravenna planetary structure; as a result, the hybrid power transmission has a dual-EVT structure and a similar CVT stepless speed change function, and is capable of improving the gear-shifting comfort under an electrical working condition and simultaneously achieving pure electricity work under full work conditions of the whole vehicle; and therefore, the hybrid power transmission is especially suitable for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Specifically, all functions of the electric vehicles can be realized in a non-under-voltage state of the battery, completely depending on the power quantity of the battery. Furthermore, the hybrid power transmission provided by the invention is capable of effectively improving the fuel economy, reducing fuel consumption, and simultaneously improving the gear-shifting comfort. In addition, the hybrid power transmission is suitable for front-engine front-drive vehicles with the transverse power assembly, and achieves hybrid power drive.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to automotive field, relate to vehicular transmission, specifically a kind of hybrid gearbox.
Background technology
In recent years, for the consideration of energy-conserving and environment-protective aspect, hybrid electric vehicle is increasingly fast-selling.The propulsion source of motor vehicle driven by mixed power is combustion engine and electrical motor, the characteristics of electrical motor low-speed big remedied combustion engine especially turbocharging internal-combustion engines in the shortcoming of low speed torque deficiency the tractive performance of vehicle is guaranteed fully.Adopt Technology of Hybrid Electric Vehicle can mate small displacement engine in the same level vehicle under the prerequisite that does not reduce dynamic property, fuel consumption rate and emission behavior also are improved greatly.
Most of cars look forward to all meeting in the technology inside information development of making great efforts utilization oneself Technology of Hybrid Electric Vehicle of company's characteristic, and this just need to break through main flow enterprise in the core technology in conventional transmission field.
The applicant's application number is 2012105915313 application for a patent for invention, relate to " a kind of hybrid gearbox ", it is to improve on the 4AT basis of existing La Weinashi planetary structure, and namely the input shaft at the La Weina planetary system links through torque absorber and combustion engine; Be provided with the first motor on the gear ring of La Weina planetary system, be provided with the second motor on the rear sun gear of La Weina planetary system, thereby make it have the stepless shift function that two EVT structures have possessed similar CVT.
But the change-speed box that above-mentioned application is related mixes although also can realize plug-in, and pure power mode can not be realized the full operating mode work of car load, still needs engine starting to drive at high-speed working condition, is more suitable in dark mixed vehicle.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention, provide a kind of hybrid gearbox, it is to improve on the 4AT basis of existing La Weinashi planetary structure, can realize pure electronic or driving engine or hybrid power cycling start, normally travel, braking energy reclaims, normally travel and accelerate the function such as power-assisted, vehicle can realize all that at high low-speed stage pure electricity travels, and its pure electrician's condition can realize the effect of two gear battery-driven cars.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of hybrid gearbox, comprise combustion engine, La Weina planetary system, differential assembly, also comprise the countershaft-gear train that is meshed with the external gear of the external gear of La Weina planetary system gear ring, differential assembly, the countershaft-gear train is located between La Weina planetary system and the differential assembly; The La Weina planetary system comprises front sun wheel; Input shaft links through torque absorber and combustion engine, and its special feature is:
The front sun wheel of La Weina planetary system is provided with the second motor, and the internal rotor of the second motor and front sun wheel link,
The pinion carrier of La Weina planetary system is provided with the first motor, and internal rotor and the pinion carrier of the first motor link.
As a kind of mode of the present invention:
The pinion carrier of described La Weina planetary system links to each other by first clutch with input shaft, and the outer hub of first clutch is connected with pinion carrier;
The La Weina planetary system also comprises rear sun gear, long satellite gear, short satellite gear; Wherein:
Combustion engine links to each other with input shaft with the interior hub of first clutch respectively by torque absorber;
The outer hub of first clutch respectively with pinion carrier be connected the rotor of motor and be connected;
Front sun wheel and the engagement of short satellite gear; Short satellite gear also meshes with long satellite gear, and long satellite gear not only meshes with rear sun gear but also meshes with gear ring.
As another kind of mode of the present invention:
It is on the basis of above-mentioned the sort of frame mode, set up second clutch, second clutch and first clutch install in series, the interior hub of first clutch is connected with the outer hub of second clutch, the interior Grains of second clutch is connected with front sun wheel., and link to each other with the rotor of the second motor.
As the restriction to above-mentioned dual mode:
The countershaft-gear train is located on the counter gear shaft, comprises output ring gear and countershaft-gear; External gear on the gear ring and the engagement of output ring gear, the external gear engagement on countershaft-gear and the differential assembly.
As limiting, differential assembly is connected with left and right sides semiaxis again.
The present invention also has a kind of restriction, and described pinion carrier is provided with the first drg, and rear sun gear is provided with second brake.
Illustrate:The present invention is divided into a power-transfer clutch (first clutch) and two kinds of frame modes of two power-transfer clutchs (basis at first clutch increases second clutch), and the Main Function of second clutch is that vehicle that climb very steep slopes and acceleration from rest are had relatively high expectations plays a part to increase when low speed and turns round.The former is suitable for general car and based on the SUV vehicle of car platform; The latter is suitable for global function SUV vehicle.
Take frame mode with two power-transfer clutchs as example, principle of work of the present invention is as follows:
One, pure power mode
(1) start, low speed is to high speed
Automobile is united driving by the first motor and the second motor, and this moment, car load was in two EVT patterns, and first clutch and second clutch, the first drg and second brake all are in released state.Power is flowed to gear ring by sun wheel and framework respectively, passes to tween drive shaft through gear ring, then passes to differential assembly by tween drive shaft, and two semiaxis of power through being connected with diff pass to left and right wheels, thereby realizes the output of power.
Concrete speed control principle:
In the formula: n
E1It is the rotating speed of the first motor; n
E2It is the rotating speed of the second motor; n
ToothRotating speed for gear ring; K2 is gear ring and the tooth ratio of front sun wheel.
By adjusting the rotating speed of the first motor and the second motor, realize that the concrete kinetic current of speed governing of gear ring and power stream transmit.
When (2) climbing, anxious giving it the gun
The first drg combination, vehicle is transported to gear ring by maximum transmission ratio with power by the second motor-driven, pass to tween drive shaft through gear ring, then pass to differential assembly by tween drive shaft, two semiaxis of power through being connected with diff pass to left and right wheels, thereby realize the output of power.Therefore can under pure electrician's condition, obtain enough outputting powers.
Two, hybrid mode
When (1) starting
Automobile is united driving by the first motor and the second motor, and this moment, car load was in two EVT patterns, and first clutch and second clutch, the first drg and second brake all are in released state.Power is flowed to gear ring by sun wheel and framework respectively, passes to tween drive shaft through gear ring, then passes to differential assembly by tween drive shaft, and two semiaxis of power through being connected with diff pass to left and right wheels, thereby realizes the output of power.
When (2) generally travelling
When car load enters when generally travelling, first clutch combination this moment, the first driven by motor engine crankshaft begins rotation from static, until igniting.An engine power part directly drives wheel by planetary system, and a part is distributed to the first motor and is used for generating, and electric power is distributed to battery and the second motor by demand.Realize the stepless change of similar CVT by the rotating speed of adjusting the second motor.
(3) anxious accelerate and during climbing
At anxious starting and the low-speed stage that accelerates, this moment second clutch and the first drg combination, the second driven by motor engine crankshaft begins rotation from static, until igniting.Engine power is with the propulsive effort coupling of the second motor, with maximum transmission ratio with transmission of power to gear ring, pass to tween drive shaft through gear ring, then pass to differential assembly by tween drive shaft, two semiaxis of power through being connected with diff pass to left and right wheels, thereby realize the output of power.After speed reached certain numerical value, the first drg separated.Realize the change of output speed by the rotating speed that changes the first motor, when the rotating speed of the first motor reached consistent with internal-combustion engine rotational speed, second clutch separated, the first clutch combination.
Fast state when (4) battery electric quantity is full of
Vehicle enters overspeed condition, adopt the general driving mode of hybrid power, battery electric quantity is full of, then can be by with the outage of the first motor and the second motor, second brake combination, this moment, the transmitting ratio of driving engine further reduced, the load of driving engine is further improved, further reduce the fuel consumption rate of vehicle.
(5) slow down, brake
During brake snub, because of effect of inertia wheel drive motors gear ring, the effect of the first motor and the second motor starter/generator is stored into regenerating braking energy in the battery.
(6) parking generating
Parking is turned on the aircondition or when the recreational facilities such as sound equipment, combustion engine is flame-out, utilize the electric weight of battery that above-mentioned facility is carried out Power supply, second clutch combination after battery electric quantity is reduced to certain numerical value, utilize the second electric motor starting driving engine, utilize the hand-braking of having pulled on to pass to electrical generator to guarantee the kinetic current in the process of charging by driving engine, prevent simultaneously vehicle slide car in the process of charging.Stop when battery electric quantity is elevated to the certain numerical value rear engine, the electric weight for the treatment of battery again is reduced to the certain numerical value rear engine and restarts, and so forth, keeps battery electric quantity within limits.
Owing to having adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention compared with prior art, obtained technological advance is:
Thereby i. by realizing at two power-transfer clutchs of input shaft location arrangements in two gear driving engines and motor coupling; Arrange that a power-transfer clutch can realize two gears of pure electronic operating mode, reach the effects of two gear battery-driven cars.The single gear of the mixed condition of starting building drives the repertoire that single gear just can be realized general car by uniting of driving engine and motor.
Ii. each gear only need be controlled the conversion that a power-transfer clutch just can be finished gear, and each gear all can realize being similar to by the control generator speed stepless change of CVT.
Iii. because employing has increased the auxiliary of Motor torque, when driving engine is not in the best effort interval, greatly increased fuel economy by motor-driven.
Iv. owing to having increased motor and storage battery, the inversion of control motor is electrical generator when counter dragging, and can realize braking energy recovering function.
V. cooperated by the first motor, the second motor and the first drg, second brake in pure electrician's condition and realize having the rank stepless change, therefore vehicle can realize all that at high low-speed stage pure electricity travels, its pure electrician's condition can realize the effect of popular two gear battery-driven cars, and effectively improves the ride comfort of gearshift.Therefore, be particularly useful for mating the vehicle of plug-in hybrid power.
To sum up, the present invention is on 4AT La Weina planetary system basis, by increasing by two motors, 1/2 power-transfer clutch of configuration and 2 drgs, be combined into EVT formula hybrid gearbox, pure electrician's condition has two fixedly gears, be respectively the combination of the first drg, second brake combination, the stepless change that two motor collaborative works realize similar CVT between two gears, therefore both can improve the shifting comfort of electronic operating mode, can realize simultaneously the pure electricity work under the full operating mode of car load, so be specially adapted to the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle.Namely at the non-repertoire of owing to rely on fully under the electricity condition battery electric quantity realization battery-driven car of battery.The present invention can improve fuel economy by actv., reduces oil consumption, improves simultaneously shifting comfort.
The present invention is applicable to preposition forerunner and dynamic assembly is horizontal vehicle, realizes that hybrid power drives.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the integral structure sketch of the embodiment of the invention 1;
Fig. 2-Fig. 7, Fig. 9 are respectively that embodiment illustrated in fig. 11 kinetic current, power under different operating modes spreads moving schematic diagram, and arrow represents direction of power flows among the figure;
Fig. 8 is the integral structure sketch of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Among the figure: 1-combustion engine, 2-torque absorber, 3-second clutch, 4-first clutch, 5-pinion carrier, 6-gear ring, the 7-the first motor, the 9-the second motor, 10-rear sun gear, 11-long satellite gear, 12-short satellite gear, 13-front sun wheel, 14-output ring gear, 15-counter gear shaft, 16-countershaft-gear, 17-left half axle, 18-differential assembly, 19-right axle shaft, 20-gear ring external gear, 21-La Weina planetary system, 22-differential assembly external gear, the 81-the first drg, 82-second brake.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1A kind of hybrid gearbox
With reference to figure 1, the present embodiment comprises combustion engine 1, torque absorber 2, La Weina planetary system 21, differential assembly 18, also comprises and the gear ring external gear 20 of La Weina planetary system 21, the countershaft-gear train that differential assembly external gear 22 is meshed.Input shaft links through torque absorber and combustion engine.
The countershaft-gear train is located between La Weina planetary system 21 and the differential assembly 18.
La Weina planetary system 21 comprises front sun wheel 13, rear sun gear 10, long satellite gear 11, short satellite gear 12, reaches pinion carrier 5.The interior hub of first clutch 4 is connected with the outer hub of second clutch 3, and the outer hub of first clutch 4 is connected with pinion carrier 5; The interior hub of second clutch 3 is connected with front sun wheel 13.Pinion carrier 5 is provided with the first drg 81, and second brake 82 is set on the rear sun gear 10.
Internal rotor and pinion carrier 5 that the pinion carrier 5 of La Weina planetary system 21 is provided with the first motor 7, the first motors 7 link.
Internal rotor and front sun wheel 13 that the front sun wheel 13 of La Weina planetary system 21 is provided with the second motor 9, the second motors 9 link.
The countershaft-gear train is located on the counter gear shaft 15, comprises output ring gear 14 and countershaft-gear 16; Gear ring external gear 20 and 14 engagements of output ring gear, countershaft- gear 16 and 22 engagements of differential assembly external gear.
The drive pattern of the present embodiment has pure electricity and mixed moving dual mode, and its operating mode has following several:
One, pure power mode
(1) start, low speed is to high speed
Automobile is united driving by the first motor 7 and the second motor 9, and this moment, car load was in two EVT patterns, and first clutch 4 all is in released state with second clutch 3, the first drg 81 with second brake 82.Power is flowed to gear ring 6 by front sun wheel 13 and framework respectively, pass to tween drive shaft 15 through gear ring 6, then pass to differential assembly 18 by tween drive shaft 15, left half axle 17, the right axle shaft 19 of power through being connected with differential assembly 18 passes to respectively left and right wheel, thereby realizes the output of power.
Concrete speed control principle:
In the formula: n
E1It is the rotating speed of the first motor 7; n
E2It is the rotating speed of the second motor 9; n
ToothRotating speed for gear ring 6; K2 is gear ring 6 and the tooth ratio of front sun wheel 13.
By adjusting the rotating speed of the first motor 7 and the second motor 9, realize the speed governing of gear ring 6.
Concrete kinetic current and power stream transmission mode are seen Fig. 2.
When (2) climbing, anxious giving it the gun
81 combinations of the first drg, vehicle is driven by the second motor 9, by maximum transmission ratio power is transported to gear ring 6, pass to tween drive shaft 15 through gear ring 6, then pass to differential assembly 18 by tween drive shaft 15, left half axle 17, the right axle shaft 19 of power through being connected with differential assembly 18 passes to respectively left and right wheel, thereby realizes the output of power, therefore can obtain enough outputting powers under pure electrician's condition.
Concrete kinetic current and power stream transmission mode are seen Fig. 3.
Two, hybrid mode
When (1) starting
Automobile is united driving by the first motor 7 and the second motor 9, and this moment, car load was in two EVT patterns, and first clutch 4 all is in released state with second clutch 3, the first drg 81 and second brake 82.Power is flowed to gear ring 6 by front sun wheel 13 and framework respectively, pass to tween drive shaft 15 through gear ring 6, then pass to differential assembly 18 by tween drive shaft 15, power through the left half axle that is connected with differential assembly 18 hold 7, right axle shaft 19 passes to respectively left and right wheel, thereby the output of realization power.
Concrete kinetic current and power stream transmission mode are seen Fig. 2.
When (2) generally travelling
When car load enters when generally travelling, first clutch 4 combinations, the first motor 7 drives engine crankshafts and begins rotation from static, until igniting.An engine power part directly drives wheel by planetary system, and a part is distributed to the first motor 7 and is used for generating, and electric power is distributed to battery and the second motor 9 by demand.Realize the stepless change of similar CVT by the rotating speed of adjusting the second motor 9.
Concrete principle sees that " start, low speed is to high speed " part is described under the pure power mode.Concrete kinetic current and power stream transmission mode are seen Fig. 2.
(3) anxious accelerate and during climbing
At anxious starting and the low-speed stage that accelerates, this moment second clutch 3 and 81 combinations of the first drg, the second motor 9 drives engine crankshaft and begins rotation from static, until igniting.Engine power is with the propulsive effort coupling of the second motor 9, with maximum transmission ratio with transmission of power to gear ring 6, pass to tween drive shaft 15 through gear ring 6, then pass to differential assembly 18 by tween drive shaft 15, left half axle 17, the right axle shaft 19 of power through being connected with differential assembly 18 passes to left and right wheel, thereby realizes the output of power.Concrete kinetic current and power stream transmission mode are seen Fig. 9.
After speed reached certain numerical value, the first drg 81 separated.Concrete kinetic current and power stream transmission mode are seen Fig. 4.
Realize the change of output speed by the rotating speed that changes the first motor 7, when the rotating speed of the first motor 7 reached consistent with combustion engine 1 rotating speed, second clutch 3 separated first clutch 4 combinations.Concrete kinetic current and power stream transmission mode are seen Fig. 2.
Fast state when (4) battery electric quantity is full of
Vehicle enters overspeed condition, adopt the general driving mode of hybrid power, battery electric quantity is full of, then can be by with the first motor 7 and the outage of the second motor 9, second brake 82 combinations, this moment, the transmitting ratio of driving engine further reduced, the load of driving engine is further improved, further reduce the fuel consumption rate of vehicle.
Concrete kinetic current and power stream transmission mode are seen Fig. 5.
(5) slow down, brake
During brake snub, drive the effect of gear ring 6, the first motors 7 and the second motor 9 starter/generators because of the effect of inertia wheel, regenerating braking energy is stored in the battery.
Concrete kinetic current and power stream transmission mode are seen Fig. 6.
(6) parking generating
Parking is turned on the aircondition or when the recreational facilities such as sound equipment, combustion engine 1 is flame-out, utilize the electric weight of battery that above-mentioned facility is carried out Power supply, second clutch 3 combinations after battery electric quantity is reduced to certain numerical value, utilize the second motor 9 start the engines, utilize the hand-braking of having pulled on to pass to electrical generator to guarantee the kinetic current in the process of charging by driving engine, prevent simultaneously vehicle slide car in the process of charging.Stop when battery electric quantity is elevated to the certain numerical value rear engine, the electric weight for the treatment of battery again is reduced to the certain numerical value rear engine and restarts, and so forth, keeps battery electric quantity within limits.
Concrete kinetic current and power stream transmission mode are seen Fig. 7.
Embodiment 2A kind of hybrid gearbox
The structure diagram of the present embodiment is seen Fig. 8, and itself and embodiment 1 difference structurally only are: the present embodiment does not comprise second clutch 3.
The structure of the present embodiment other parts is identical with embodiment 1.
The present embodiment is compared with embodiment 1, after removing second clutch 3, also can realize the repertoire of the pure electrician's condition in the example 1, though do not possess climb very steep slopes and the anxious function of accelerating of the mixed condition of starting building, although but can not realize by optimizing power of motor the driving requirement of global function SUV, can realize the driving requirement of general car.
Claims (6)
1. hybrid gearbox, comprise combustion engine, La Weina planetary system, differential assembly, also comprise the countershaft-gear train that is meshed with the external gear of the external gear of La Weina planetary system gear ring, differential assembly, the countershaft-gear train is located between La Weina planetary system and the differential assembly; The La Weina planetary system comprises front sun wheel; Input shaft links through torque absorber and combustion engine;
It is characterized in that:The front sun wheel of La Weina planetary system is provided with the second motor, and the internal rotor of the second motor and front sun wheel link, and the pinion carrier of La Weina planetary system is provided with the first motor, and internal rotor and the pinion carrier of the first motor link.
2. hybrid gearbox according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that:The pinion carrier of described La Weina planetary system is connected by first clutch with input shaft, and the outer hub of first clutch is connected with pinion carrier;
The La Weina planetary system also comprises rear sun gear, long satellite gear, short satellite gear; Wherein:
Combustion engine links to each other with input shaft with the interior hub of first clutch respectively by torque absorber;
The outer hub of first clutch respectively with pinion carrier be connected the rotor of motor and be connected;
Front sun wheel and the engagement of short satellite gear; Short satellite gear also meshes with long satellite gear, and long satellite gear not only meshes with rear sun gear but also meshes with gear ring.
3. hybrid gearbox according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that:
Be connected by first clutch between the pinion carrier of described La Weina planetary system and input shaft, with the first clutch install in series second clutch arranged;
The interior hub of first clutch is connected with the outer hub of second clutch;
The interior hub of second clutch is connected with front sun wheel, and links to each other with the rotor of the second motor.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described hybrid gearboxes,
It is characterized in that:The countershaft-gear train is located on the counter gear shaft, comprises output ring gear and countershaft-gear; External gear on the gear ring and the engagement of output ring gear, the external gear engagement on countershaft-gear and the differential assembly.
5. hybrid gearbox according to claim 4,
It is characterized in that:Differential assembly is connected with left and right sides semiaxis.
6. each described hybrid gearbox according to claim 1-3 or in 5,
It is characterized in that:Described pinion carrier is provided with the first drg, and rear sun gear is provided with second brake.
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