CN104890496A - Hybrid power system, hybrid power vehicle and hybrid driving method - Google Patents
Hybrid power system, hybrid power vehicle and hybrid driving method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hybrid power system, a hybrid power vehicle and a hybrid driving method. The hybrid power system comprises an internal combustion engine, a front planetary gear set and a rear planetary gear set. The front planetary gear set comprises a front sun gear, a front planet carrier and a front gear ring. The rear planetary gear set comprises a rear sun gear, a rear planet carrier and a rear gear ring. The front planet carrier of the front planetary gear set is connected with a first motor, a rear gear ring of the rear planetary gear set is connected with a second motor, and the front gear ring of the front planetary gear set is connected with the rear sun gear of the rear planetary gear set. The output end of the internal combustion engine is connected with the front sun gear of the front planetary gear set. The rear planet carrier of the rear planetary gear set is connected with a system output shaft. A front lock-up clutch used for locking or unlocking the front planet carrier is connected to the front planet carrier. A middle lock-up clutch used for locking or unlocking the rear sun gear is connected to the rear sun gear. A rear lock-up clutch used for locking or unlocking the rear gear ring is connected to the rear gear ring. A mode clutch is arranged between the rear gear ring and the rear planet carrier. The hybrid power system, the hybrid power vehicle and the hybrid driving method have the advantages that various hybrid power working conditions including series connection type working conditions can be achieved, and adaptability to different travelling conditions and requirements is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hybrid power system.Particularly relate to a kind of hybrid power system to unify motor vehicle driven by mixed power and hybrid driving method.
Background technology
In the face of energy shortage and the day by day serious present situation of environmental pollution, hybrid vehicle is most actv. energy-saving automobile scheme at present, and its power system has series, parallel and series-parallel connection three kinds of forms.Tandem energy realizes the optimal control of combustion engine, but all energy all can, through two times transfer, lose larger; Parallel connection can realize good driving efficiency, but combustion engine and output shaft are mechanically connected, and can not ensure that combustion engine is in preferably in work area all the time; Series-parallel connection in conjunction with the advantage of series and parallel connections, can evade the shortcoming of the two, is the configuration scheme optimized the most in three.
Current Series-Parallel HEV mainly adopts planetary mechanism as power dividing device, and typical version comprises the THS system of Toyota and general AHS system.Wherein the THS system of Toyota adopts single planetary row structure, belongs to single mode power dividing device, can only realize a kind of pattern of input type power dividing, lower at the driving efficiency of high velocity.The AHS system of General Corporation adopts double or three rows of planetary row to realize power dividing, input type power dividing and combined type power dividing two kinds of patterns can be realized, two kinds of patterns make up mutually, make the driving efficiency of AHS can maintain higher level in whole vehicle-speed region, but often need the control of multiple power-transfer clutch to carry out implementation pattern in AHS system to switch, make the structure of whole system very complicated, control difficulty larger.
" planetary series-parallel connection power system and use the vehicle of this power system " (Shen Qing Publication CN104175860A, Shen Qing Publication day 20141203) and " planetary type dual-mode petrol-electric parallel-serial hybrid power system " (application publication number CN103448529A, Shen Qing Publication day 20131218) be proposed the hybrid power system of double planet wheel rows of mixing, but these two kinds of systems are by the generation avoiding tandem operating mode all done one's utmost to reduce dynamo-electric two times transfer, to reduce the waste of energy as far as possible.But the power actuated vehicle travelled in city, due to traffic congestion situation comparatively severe vehicle loiter, sometimes the speed of a motor vehicle is difficult to reach the level required for horsepower output shunting, and the electrical source of power on car cannot supplement electricity timely.So tandem operating mode is for motor vehicle driven by mixed power or necessary, but above-mentioned two kinds of hybrid power systems all cannot realize tandem operating mode.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, a kind of multiple hybrid-power operating mode that can realize comprising tandem operating mode is provided, can improves for different driving conditions and require the hybrid power system of adaptive capacity to unify motor vehicle driven by mixed power and hybrid driving method.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of hybrid power system, comprise combustion engine, include front sun wheel, the front planet row of front pinion carrier and front ring gear, include rear sun gear, the rear planet row of rear pinion carrier and rear gear ring, the front pinion carrier of described front planet row connects the first motor, the rear gear ring of described rear planet row connects the second motor, the front ring gear of described front planet row is connected with the rear sun gear of described rear planet row, the mouth of described combustion engine is connected with the front sun wheel of described front planet row, the rear pinion carrier of described rear planet row is connected with system output shaft, described front pinion carrier is connected with carries out lock-up clutch before locking or release to described front pinion carrier, described rear sun gear is connected with and carries out lock-up clutch in locking or release to described rear sun gear, described rear gear ring is connected with the rear lock-up clutch described rear gear ring being carried out to locking or release, regime clutch is provided with between described rear gear ring and described rear pinion carrier.
There is a motor vehicle driven by mixed power for hybrid power system, the drive axle of the system output shaft connection hybrid power vehicle of hybrid power system.
A driving method for hybrid power system, comprises following mode of operation:
A, electric-only mode:
Combustion engine is closed, and electrical source of power provides power driven car load to travel to the second motor, and this pattern is divided into the pure electronic two kinds of patterns of pure electronic, the high speed of a motor vehicle of the low speed of a motor vehicle:
A1, high speed of a motor vehicle electric-only mode:
Front lock-up clutch is thrown off, middle lock-up clutch is thrown off and rear lock-up clutch is thrown off, and regime clutch engages;
By Driven by inverter second motor, ring gear against rotation after second driven by motor, rear gear ring, rear pinion carrier and rear sun gear rotate with same rotating speed jointly, now the first motor idle running, combustion engine does not turn, the inner side of satellite gear sun wheel revolution before static before the rotating speed of the first motor can make front sun wheel rotation rotating speed ensure just, and the fit inside of the outside of front satellite gear and front ring gear rotates;
A2, low speed of a motor vehicle electric-only mode:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch are thrown off, regime clutch is thrown off,
By Driven by inverter second motor, ring gear against rotation after the second driven by motor, after rear gear ring drives, satellite gear and rear pinion carrier rotate around rear sun gear, and rear pinion carrier is by system output shaft horsepower output;
B, pure charge mode:
In pure charge mode, the second motor does not operate, the rear gear ring of rear planet row, rear pinion carrier, the equal non rotating of rear sun gear, and power only flows between combustion engine and the first motor; This pattern is divided into following pattern:
B1,0100 pattern:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch are thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off; Combustion engine outputting power, the first motor and front pinion carrier are driven by by sun wheel before ICE-powered, and front sun wheel gives front pinion carrier transmission of power, the first electric power generation be connected with front sun wheel;
B2,0101 pattern:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch are thrown off and regime clutch engages; Combustion engine outputting power, the first motor and front pinion carrier are driven by by sun wheel before ICE-powered, and front sun wheel gives front pinion carrier transmission of power, the first electric power generation be connected with front sun wheel;
B3,0110 pattern:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch locking and regime clutch are thrown off; Combustion engine outputting power, the first motor and front pinion carrier are driven by by sun wheel before ICE-powered, and front sun wheel gives front pinion carrier transmission of power, the first electric power generation be connected with front sun wheel;
B4,0111 pattern:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch locking, regime clutch engage; Combustion engine input power, the first motor and front pinion carrier are driven by by sun wheel before ICE-powered, and front sun wheel gives front pinion carrier transmission of power, the first electric power generation be connected with front sun wheel;
B5,0011 pattern:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, the disengagement of middle lock-up clutch, rear lock-up clutch locking and regime clutch engage; Combustion engine input power, the first motor and front pinion carrier are driven by by sun wheel before ICE-powered, and front sun wheel gives front pinion carrier transmission of power, the first electric power generation be connected with front sun wheel;
C, internal combustion engine drive pattern:
Internal combustion engine start, the first motor does not work, and combustion engine provides power driven car load to travel, and this pattern is divided into the pure combustion engine of the low speed of a motor vehicle directly to drive directly driving two kinds of patterns with the pure combustion engine of the high speed of a motor vehicle:
C1, the pure combustion engine of the low speed of a motor vehicle directly drive pattern:
The disengagement of front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch, rear lock-up clutch locking and regime clutch are thrown off;
Power outputs in front sun wheel by combustion engine, and front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate by front satellite gear, and front ring gear drives rear sun gear to rotate, and after rear sun gear drives, pinion carrier and rear satellite gear rotate, and power exports through system output shaft by rear pinion carrier;
C2, the pure combustion engine of the high speed of a motor vehicle directly drive pattern
Front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch are thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages;
Power outputs in front sun wheel by combustion engine, front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate by front satellite gear, front ring gear drives rear sun gear to rotate, and after rear sun gear drives, after pinion carrier and rear satellite gear, the overall rotating speed of planet row rotates, and power exports through system output shaft by rear pinion carrier;
D, combination drive pattern:
In combination drive pattern, internal combustion engine, the second motor is in motoring condition, and by rear gear ring planet row input power backward, the first motor is then selected to be in generating or electronic or off position as required, and this pattern is divided into following 5 kinds of patterns:
D1, serial mixed power pattern:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch are thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off;
Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, passes to front pinion carrier, and front pinion carrier drives the first electric power generation; Second motor by Driven by inverter, gear ring input power backward, transmission of power give rear satellite gear and rear pinion carrier, power exports through system output shaft by rear pinion carrier;
D2, combustion engine+the second motor input parallel connection is hybrid mode and the second motor speed is coupled:
Front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch are thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off;
Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, and the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, and front ring gear is by transmission of power on rear sun gear, and after rear sun gear drives, satellite gear and rear pinion carrier rotate; Simultaneously, Driven by inverter second motor rotates, second motor is through the planet row input energy backward of gear ring later, and the power rotating speed that the power of the second motor and front ring gear input through rear sun gear is coupled by rear planet row, is exported by power by rear pinion carrier through system output shaft;
D3, combustion engine+the second motor input parallel connection is hybrid mode and the second motor torque is coupled:
Front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch are thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages;
Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, and the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, and front ring gear is by transmission of power on rear sun gear, and after rear sun gear drives, after satellite gear and rear pinion carrier, the overall rotating speed of planet row rotates; Driven by inverter second motor rotates, and the second motor is through the planet row input energy backward of gear ring later, and the power torque that the power of the second motor and front ring gear input through rear sun gear is coupled by rear planet row, is exported by power by rear pinion carrier through system output shaft;
D4, combustion engine+the second motor+the first motor input parallel connection is hybrid mode and the second motor speed is coupled:
Front lock-up clutch is thrown off, middle lock-up clutch is thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off;
Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, and the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, and front ring gear is by transmission of power on rear sun gear, and after rear sun gear drives, satellite gear and rear pinion carrier rotate; Driven by inverter first motor rotates, and the first motor is through front pinion carrier and front satellite gear planet row input energy forward, and the power rotating speed that the power of the first motor and front pinion carrier input is coupled by front planet row; Driven by inverter second motor rotates, and the second motor is through the planet row input energy backward of gear ring later, and the power rotating speed that the power of the second motor and front ring gear input through rear sun gear is coupled by rear planet row, is exported by power by rear pinion carrier through system output shaft;
D5, combustion engine+the second motor+the first motor input parallel connection is hybrid mode and the second motor torque is coupled:
Front lock-up clutch is thrown off, middle lock-up clutch is thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages; Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, and the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, and front ring gear is by transmission of power on rear sun gear, and after rear sun gear drives, satellite gear and rear pinion carrier rotate; Meanwhile, Driven by inverter first motor rotates, and the first motor is through front pinion carrier and front satellite gear planet row input energy forward, and the power rotating speed that the power of the first motor and front pinion carrier input is coupled by front planet row; Simultaneously, Driven by inverter second motor rotates, second motor is through the planet row input energy backward of gear ring later, and the power torque that the power of the second motor and front ring gear input through rear sun gear is coupled by rear planet row, is exported by power by rear pinion carrier through system output shaft;
E, power dividing output mode:
E1, the first motor charging+combustion engine low speed driving mode:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, the disengagement of middle lock-up clutch, rear lock-up clutch locking and regime clutch are thrown off; Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, front sun wheel drives front ring gear and front pinion carrier to rotate, front pinion carrier is driven by front satellite gear and partial power is passed to the first motor, first motor in the past planet row absorbs energy, and the power of front planet row exports backward through front ring gear, drives rear sun gear, satellite gear rotation+revolution after rear sun gear drives, and then pinion carrier revolution after driving, the dynamic retarding inputted by front ring gear, rise torque, export to system output shaft by rear pinion carrier;
E2, the first motor charging+combustion engine speed driving modes:
Front lock-up clutch is thrown off, middle lock-up clutch is thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages; Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, front sun wheel drives front ring gear and front pinion carrier to rotate, front pinion carrier is driven by front satellite gear and partial power is passed to the first motor, first motor in the past planet row absorbs energy, the power of front planet row exports backward through front ring gear, drive rear sun gear, after rear sun gear drives, after satellite gear, rear pinion carrier, the overall rotating speed of planet row revolves round the sun, and rear planet row gives system output shaft by rear pinion carrier Power output;
E3, the second motor charging+combustion engine low speed driving mode:
Front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch are thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off; Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, the power of front planet row exports backward through front ring gear, drive rear sun gear, after rear sun gear drives, satellite gear, rear pinion carrier, rear gear ring rotate, partial power is passed to the second motor by rear gear ring, and the second motor absorbs energy from rear planet row, rear planet row by rear pinion carrier all the other Power output to system output shaft;
E4, the second motor charging+combustion engine speed driving modes:
Front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch are thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages; Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, the power of front planet row exports drive rear sun gear backward through front ring gear, after rear sun gear drives, after satellite gear, rear pinion carrier, rear gear ring, the overall rotating speed of planet row revolves round the sun, partial power is passed to the second motor by rear gear ring, second motor absorbs energy from rear planet row, rear planet row by rear pinion carrier all the other Power output to system output shaft;
F, Brake energy recovery pattern:
Combustion engine is closed, and the first motor does not work, the second electric power generation, and the friction braking system of the second motor and car load provides power driven car load to travel, and this pattern is divided into low speed and high speed two kinds of patterns:
F1, low speed Brake energy recovery pattern:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch are thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off; The electric braking force inputted by the second motor is exported by rear gear ring, rear satellite gear, rear pinion carrier, system output shaft successively, realizes braking energy recovering function;
F2, high speed Brake energy recovery pattern:
Front lock-up clutch is thrown off, middle lock-up clutch is thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages, the electric braking force inputted by the second motor is exported by rear gear ring, regime clutch, rear pinion carrier, system output shaft successively, realizes braking energy recovering function;
H, standby mode:
H1, the first motor powered+engine brake drive pattern:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, the disengagement of middle lock-up clutch, rear lock-up clutch locking and regime clutch are thrown off; Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, Driven by inverter first motor rotates, first motor is through front pinion carrier and front satellite gear planet row input energy forward, and the power rotating speed that the power of the first motor and front pinion carrier input is coupled by front planet row; The power of front planet row exports backward through front ring gear, drives rear sun gear, satellite gear, the revolution of rear pinion carrier after rear sun gear drives, and rear planet row gives system output shaft by rear pinion carrier Power output;
H2, the first motor powered+combustion engine speed driving modes:
Front lock-up clutch is thrown off, middle lock-up clutch is thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages; Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, Driven by inverter first motor rotates, first motor is through front pinion carrier and front satellite gear planet row input energy forward, and the power rotating speed that the power of the first motor and front pinion carrier input is coupled by front planet row; The power of front planet row exports backward through front ring gear, drives rear sun gear, and after rear sun gear drives, after satellite gear, rear pinion carrier, rear gear ring, the overall rotating speed of planet row revolves round the sun, and rear planet row gives system output shaft by rear pinion carrier Power output;
H3, parking charge mode for subsequent use:
Front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch are thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off; Power is input in front sun wheel by combustion engine, and front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate by front satellite gear, and the power of front planet row exports backward through front ring gear and drives rear sun gear to rotate, and rear sun gear drives rear satellite gear, rear gear ring to rotate successively; Transmission of power is given the second motor by rear gear ring, and the second electric power generation sends electric energy to inverter.
Described b1 pattern and described b5 pattern backup each other.
Under e1 pattern, when vehicle is in accelerator, first improve the first motor still absorbed power in the rotating speed accelerator corresponding to the paramount speed of a motor vehicle of rotating speed of combustion engine, charge to electrical source of power, and in process of charging, constantly reduce rotating speed, the power that first motor absorbs reduces gradually, is delivered to the power of rear planet row and rotating speed increases gradually by front ring gear, the horsepower output of planet row and output speed after increasing.
Under e2 pattern, when vehicle is in down speeding procedure, combustion engine is first made to keep original rotating speed, first motor still absorbed power simultaneously, to electrical source of power charging, and constantly increase rotating speed in process of charging, the power that the first motor absorbs increases gradually, be delivered to the power of rear planet row by front ring gear and rotating speed reduces gradually, after increasing, the horsepower output of planet row and output speed are reduced to the pattern of low cruise.
Under e3 pattern, when vehicle is in accelerator, first improve the rotating speed corresponding to the paramount speed of a motor vehicle of rotating speed of combustion engine, simultaneously the second motor still absorbed power charging to electrical source of power, and in process of charging, constantly reduce rotating speed, the power that second motor absorbs reduces gradually, is delivered to the power of system output shaft and rotating speed increases gradually by rear pinion carrier.
Under e4 pattern, when vehicle reduction of speed, second electric power generation, and charged to electrical source of power by inverter, second motor increases the torque of absorption gradually, and it is constant to input to the torque of rear planet row by front pinion carrier, and the Driving Torque of rear planet row declines, the moment of torsion driving vehicle to advance declines, and the deceleration/decel of vehicle increases gradually.
Hybrid power system of the present invention is unified motor vehicle driven by mixed power and hybrid driving method, the power that in utilization, lock-up clutch interrupts between front planet row and rear planet row contacts, not only series connection type hybrid power system can be formed, to improve the operating efficiency of driving engine when the low speed of a motor vehicle of vehicle, otherwise, in order to tackle the state being in the low speed of a motor vehicle for a long time and advancing in prior art, just needing the capacity increasing battery, improving the manufacturing cost of vehicle.The power that during the present embodiment can also utilize, lock-up clutch cuts off between front planet row and rear planet row contacts, make vehicle can be in pure electronic or pure charge condition as required, improve the adaptive capacity of vehicle for different operating mode, decrease the time of run of combustion engine, improve the comfort level of vehicle ride.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of hybrid power system of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the operation schematic diagram that hybrid power system of the present invention is in low speed of a motor vehicle electric-only mode;
Fig. 3 is the operation schematic diagram that hybrid power system of the present invention is in high speed of a motor vehicle electric-only mode;
Fig. 4 is the operation schematic diagram that hybrid power system of the present invention is in the pure electronic bad lectotype of the high speed of a motor vehicle;
Fig. 5 is the operation schematic diagram that hybrid power system of the present invention is in 0100 pattern of pure charge mode;
Fig. 6 is the operation schematic diagram that hybrid power system of the present invention is in 0101 pattern of pure charge mode;
Fig. 7 is the operation schematic diagram that hybrid power system of the present invention is in 0110 pattern of pure charge mode;
Fig. 8 is the operation schematic diagram that hybrid power system of the present invention is in 0111 pattern of pure charge mode;
Fig. 9 is the operation schematic diagram that hybrid power system of the present invention is in 0011 pattern of pure charge mode;
Figure 10 is the operation schematic diagram that hybrid power system of the present invention is in that the pure combustion engine of the low speed of a motor vehicle directly drives pattern;
Figure 11 is the operation schematic diagram that hybrid power system of the present invention is in that the pure combustion engine of the high speed of a motor vehicle directly drives pattern;
Figure 12 is the operation schematic diagram that hybrid power system of the present invention is in serial mixed power pattern;
Figure 13 is that hybrid power system of the present invention is in combustion engine+motor second input parallel connection and motor second rotating speed coupling hybrid mode operation schematic diagram;
Figure 14 is that hybrid power system of the present invention is in combustion engine+motor second input parallel connection and motor second torque coupling hybrid mode operation schematic diagram;
Figure 15 is the operation schematic diagram that the present invention is in combustion engine+motor second+motor first input hybrid mode and motor second rotating speed is coupled in parallel;
Figure 16 is that the present invention is in combustion engine+motor second+motor first input parallel connection and the operation schematic diagram of motor second torque coupling hybrid mode;
Figure 17 is the operation schematic diagram that hybrid power system of the present invention is in the low speed of a motor vehicle drive pattern of motor first charging+combustion engine;
Figure 18 is the operation schematic diagram that hybrid power system of the present invention is in motor first charging+combustion engine high speed of a motor vehicle drive pattern;
Figure 19 is the operation schematic diagram that hybrid power system of the present invention is in motor second charging+combustion engine high speed of a motor vehicle drive pattern;
Figure 20 is the operation schematic diagram that hybrid power system of the present invention is in motor second charging+combustion engine high speed of a motor vehicle drive pattern;
Figure 21 is the operation schematic diagram that hybrid power system of the present invention is in low speed of a motor vehicle Brake energy recovery pattern;
Figure 22 is the operation schematic diagram that hybrid power system of the present invention is in high speed of a motor vehicle Brake energy recovery pattern;
Figure 23 be hybrid power system of the present invention be in motor first electronic+the operation schematic diagram of the low speed of a motor vehicle drive pattern of combustion engine;
Figure 24 be hybrid power system of the present invention be in motor first electronic+the operation schematic diagram of combustion engine high speed of a motor vehicle pattern;
Figure 25 is the operation schematic diagram that hybrid power system of the present invention is in parking charge mode for subsequent use;
Figure 26 is the structural representation that the present invention has that in the motor vehicle driven by mixed power of hybrid power system, hybrid power system is connected with motor vehicle driven by mixed power.
In figure
1: combustion engine 2: the first motor
3: front lock-up clutch 4: inverter
5: electrical source of power 6: front ring gear
7: rear gear ring 8: rear lock-up clutch
9: regime clutch 10: the second motor
11: system output shaft 12: rear sun gear
13: rear pinion carrier 14: front pinion carrier
15: front sun wheel 16: middle lock-up clutch
17: drive axle 18: external gearing
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, unify motor vehicle driven by mixed power and hybrid driving method of hybrid power system of the present invention is described in detail.It should be noted that at this, " connection " of independent appearance listed in this part, should be understood to mechanical connection, and this mechanical connection process does not comprise various power-transfer clutch.
As shown in Figure 1, hybrid power system of the present invention, comprise combustion engine 1, include the front planet row of front sun wheel 15, front pinion carrier 14 and front ring gear 6, include the rear planet row of rear sun gear 12, rear pinion carrier 13 and rear gear ring 7, the front pinion carrier 14 of front planet row connects the first motor 2, and the rear gear ring 7 of rear planet row connects the second motor 10, first motor, the second motor are electrically connected with inverter 4 respectively, and inverter is electrically connected with electrical source of power 5.The front ring gear 6 of described front planet row is connected with the rear sun gear 12 of rear planet row, the mouth of described combustion engine 1 is connected with the front sun wheel 15 of front planet row, the rear pinion carrier 13 of described rear planet row is connected with system output shaft 11, described front pinion carrier 14 is connected with carries out lock-up clutch 3 before locking or release to front pinion carrier 14, and front pinion carrier 14 can be locked on planetary transmission housing or be released and freely rotate under the effect of front lock-up clutch 3.Described rear sun gear 12 is connected with and carries out lock-up clutch 16 in locking or release to rear sun gear 12, and rear sun gear 12 can be locked on planetary transmission housing or be released and freely rotate under the effect of middle lock-up clutch 16.Described rear gear ring 7 is connected with the rear lock-up clutch 8 rear gear ring 7 being carried out to locking or release, regime clutch 9 is provided with between described rear gear ring 7 and rear pinion carrier, this regime clutch 9 in conjunction with time make after pinion carrier 13 link together with rear gear ring 7, and then rear planet row is integrally rotated, and after can making when being separated, gear ring 7, rear pinion carrier 13 and rear sun gear 12 rotate relatively freely.
The driving method of hybrid power system of the present invention is as shown in table 1.In order to save space in table, in table, the first motor M1 represents, the second motor M2 represents:
Below in conjunction with table 1 and Fig. 2-25, the driving method of hybrid power system of the present invention is described.Wherein, in the drawings, the flow direction of energy is represented with arrow.In table 2, before, during and after 1 expression in left side 4 arranges, lock-up clutch locking or regime clutch engage, and before, during and after 0 expression, lock-up clutch or regime clutch are thrown off.That is:
When front lock-up clutch locking, rotor and the front pinion carrier of the first motor are lockable, can not rotate, if front ring gear or front sun wheel rotate, the front satellite gear idle running in front pinion carrier will be driven, front satellite gear only becomes an idle pulley, and power transmits and do not associate with the first motor between front ring gear or front sun wheel, and now, planet row will become a single reduction gear.If when front lock-up clutch is thrown off, the rotor of front pinion carrier and the first motor will rotate, and front planet row is in planetary gear speed-changing state, transmission of power may occur between the first motor and front planet row.
When middle lock-up clutch locking, the front ring gear of front planet row and the rear sun gear of rear planet row will be lockable, can not rotate, transmission of power can not occur between front planet row and rear planet row, front planet row and rear planet row can independently be selected to run or do not run according to respective needs.If front planet row or rear planet row run, the effect of single-stage change-speed box will be played.Time central lock-up clutch is thrown off, power can be passed to the rear sun gear of rear planet row by the front ring gear of front planet row.
When rear lock-up clutch locking, the rotor of rear gear ring and the second motor will be lockable, and can not rotate.Because rear gear ring can not rotate, so planet row also can become a single reduction gear now, if rear pinion carrier or rear sun gear rotate, so power only can occur transmit and do not associate with the second motor between rear pinion carrier and rear sun gear.If when rear lock-up clutch is thrown off, the rotor of rear gear ring and the second motor will rotate, and rear planet row is in planetary gear speed-changing state, transmission of power may occur between the second motor and rear planet row.
Time regime clutch engages, together with will being relatively fixed between rear gear ring with rear pinion carrier, owing to not relatively rotating between both, also can not there is rotation in satellite gear, so rear sun gear now can not produce the revolution making satellite gear rotation.So now, rear planet row will become an entirety, and namely, gear ring, rear pinion carrier, rear sun gear jointly rotate with a rotating speed or fix, so the rotor of front ring gear, system output shaft, the second motor also all can rotate with same rotating speed or fix.
In addition, the symbol in each pattern is below illustrated:
T
efor the combustion engine mouth i.e. torque of front planet row sun wheel, T
mG1be the torque of the first motor, T
mG2be the torque of the second motor, T
outfor the total torque that the system output shaft of hybrid power system exports;
K
1for the speed ratio of front planet row, k
2for the speed ratio of rear planet row.
N
efor the rotating speed of combustion engine mouth, n
1be the rotating speed of the first motor, n
2be the rotating speed of the second motor, n
outfor the rotating speed of system output shaft.
This planetary series-parallel connection power system specific works pattern is:
The driving method of hybrid power system of the present invention, comprises following mode of operation:
A, electric-only mode:
Combustion engine 1 is closed, and electrical source of power provides power driven car load to travel to the second motor 10, and this pattern is divided into the pure electronic two kinds of patterns of pure electronic, the high speed of a motor vehicle of the low speed of a motor vehicle:
A1, high speed of a motor vehicle electric-only mode:
As shown in Figure 2, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch is thrown off, middle lock-up clutch is thrown off and rear lock-up clutch is thrown off, and regime clutch engages.Now hybrid power system be input as the second motor 10 be connected on rear gear ring, export as the system output shaft in rear pinion carrier 13, concrete torque is closed and is: T
out=T
mG2, the speed ratio of rear planet row is 1, and this state is suitable for high vehicle speed cruise operating mode.
Now by power supply, other forms of energy is changed into electric energy, by Driven by inverter second motor, second motor utilizes electric energy to do work, ring gear against rotation after second driven by motor, because regime clutch engages, rear planet row will become an entirety, namely gear ring after, rear pinion carrier and rear sun gear rotate with same rotating speed jointly, now the first motor idle running, combustion engine does not turn, the inner side of satellite gear sun wheel revolution before static before the rotating speed of the first motor can make front sun wheel rotation rotating speed ensure just, and the fit inside of the outside of front satellite gear and front ring gear rotates.The rotating speed n of the first motor
1=n
2× k
1/ (1+k
1).
A2, low speed of a motor vehicle electric-only mode:
As shown in Figure 3, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch are thrown off, regime clutch is thrown off.Now hybrid power system be input as the second motor 10 be connected on rear gear ring, export as rear pinion carrier 13, rear gear ring 7 and rear pinion carrier 15 carry out transmission, and concrete torque is closed and is: T
out=T
mG2× (1+k
2)/k
2, be suitable for the starting of the low speed of a motor vehicle and drive operating mode.In this state, due to middle power-transfer clutch locking, the actual parts being only rear planet row and input thereof, output worked in hybrid power system, front planet to come in transmission of power and inoperative.
Now other forms of energy is changed into electric energy by power supply by energy, by Driven by inverter second motor, second motor utilizes electric energy to do work, ring gear against rotation after second driven by motor, because rear sun gear is fixed, after institute, planet row now becomes a single reduction gear, and after rear gear ring drives, satellite gear and rear pinion carrier rotate around rear sun gear, and rear pinion carrier is by system output shaft horsepower output.
It should be noted that in addition, under the pure motoring condition of the low speed of a motor vehicle shown in Fig. 3, because the front ring gear of front planet row is locked by middle lock-up clutch, front ring gear cannot rotate.So as shown in Figure 4, if again by locked for front pinion carrier, although also the effect same with Fig. 3 can be played, obviously so just add the locked link of unnecessary needs, reduce the service life of corresponding component.So the low speed of a motor vehicle pure electronic in, be not suitable for also by locked for front lock-up clutch.
Electric-only mode can eliminate the idling oil consumption of combustion engine, improves car load fuel economy.And, realize the low speed of a motor vehicle and the high speed of a motor vehicle two kinds of patterns by control lock-up clutch and regime clutch, while adapting to car low speed high torque demand, reduce the speed demand to the second motor, when electrical source of power electricity is sufficient, utilize the second motor to drive car load as far as possible, improve car load economy.
B, pure charge mode:
In pure charge mode, the second motor does not operate, the rear gear ring of rear planet row, rear pinion carrier, the equal non rotating of rear sun gear, and power only flows between combustion engine and the first motor; This pattern is divided into following pattern:
B1,0100 pattern:
As shown in Figure 5, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch are thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off.Because middle lock-up clutch is locked, so front ring gear and rear sun gear all cannot rotate, so the power transimission between front planet row and rear planet row is interrupted.Combustion engine outputting power, the first motor and front pinion carrier are driven by by sun wheel before ICE-powered, and front sun wheel gives front pinion carrier transmission of power, the first electric power generation be connected with front sun wheel.
B2,0101 pattern:
As shown in Figure 6, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch are thrown off and regime clutch engages.Because middle lock-up clutch is locked, so front ring gear and rear sun gear all cannot rotate, so the power transimission between front planet row and rear planet row is interrupted.Because middle lock-up clutch locking, the power transimission between forward and backward planet row is interrupted, so no matter whether regime clutch engages, does not in fact affect the process of the generating transmission of front planet row.Combustion engine outputting power, the first motor and front pinion carrier are driven by by sun wheel before ICE-powered, and front sun wheel gives front pinion carrier transmission of power, the first electric power generation be connected with front sun wheel.
B3,0110 pattern:
As shown in Figure 7, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch locking and regime clutch are thrown off.Because middle lock-up clutch is locked, so front ring gear and rear sun gear all cannot rotate, so the power transimission between front planet row and rear planet row is interrupted.So lock-up clutch whether locking no matter, in fact do not affect the process of the generating transmission of front planet row.But in this pattern, because rear lock-up clutch also achieves latch functions, so also the moment of a part of locking can be born, the burden of lock-up clutch in reduction.Combustion engine outputting power, the first motor and front pinion carrier are driven by by sun wheel before ICE-powered, and front sun wheel gives front pinion carrier transmission of power, the first electric power generation be connected with front sun wheel.
B4,0111 pattern:
As shown in Figure 8, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch locking, regime clutch engage.Because middle lock-up clutch is locked, so front ring gear and rear sun gear all cannot rotate, so the power transimission between front planet row and rear planet row is interrupted.Because middle lock-up clutch locking, the power transimission between forward and backward planet row is interrupted, thus no matter lock-up clutch whether locking, regime clutch whether engage, in fact do not affect the process of the generating transmission of front planet row.But in this pattern, because rear lock-up clutch also achieves latch functions, so also the moment of a part of locking can be born, the burden of lock-up clutch in reduction.Combustion engine input power, the first motor and front pinion carrier are driven by by sun wheel before ICE-powered, and front sun wheel gives front pinion carrier transmission of power, the first electric power generation be connected with front sun wheel.
B5,0011 pattern:
As shown in Figure 9, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch disengagement, the disengagement of middle lock-up clutch, rear lock-up clutch locking and regime clutch engage.Because regime clutch engages, the rear gear ring of so rear planet row is with rear pinion carrier or can only rotate with identical rotating speed, or can not rotate, and again because rear lock-up clutch locking, after institute, gear ring can not rotate.After institute, planet row all can not rotate.So this pattern, identical with 0100 pattern in the problem of locked rear sun gear, i.e. locked front ring gear in fact, the power transimission between forward and backward planet row is also cut off.Combustion engine input power, first motor and front pinion carrier are driven by by sun wheel before ICE-powered, front sun wheel gives front pinion carrier transmission of power, the first electric power generation be connected with front sun wheel, if middle lock-up clutch breaks down, cannot locking, so by this pattern, the locking front ring gear identical with lock-up clutch, the function of rear sun gear also can be realized.So this pattern, can as in lock-up clutch occur can not the fault of locking time, realize the backup of pure power generation mode.
In above 5 kinds of patterns, by combustion engine to system input power, the first motor and front pinion carrier are driven by by sun wheel before ICE-powered, and the first motor be connected with front pinion carrier is in generating state.This state is transformed on power supply by electrical generator and inverter by the power of combustion engine to store, and power supply can be battery or super capacitor.
So, as long as when both rear lock-up clutch and regime clutch have one to damage time, middle lock-up clutch still can realize latch functions, or time middle lock-up clutch damages, both rear lock-up clutch and regime clutch all ensure intact, by the one in 0011 or 0100 pattern, still pure charge mode can be realized.Namely described b1 pattern and described b5 pattern backup each other.
In addition, if mutually put upside down the position of the combustion engine in pure charge mode as power input element and the first motor as power stage element in power transimission process, the first motor also can be utilized to realize the startup of combustion engine.
C, internal combustion engine drive pattern:
Combustion engine 1 starts, and the first motor 2 does not work, and combustion engine 1 provides power driven car load to travel, and this pattern is divided into the pure combustion engine of the low speed of a motor vehicle directly to drive directly driving two kinds of patterns with the pure combustion engine of the high speed of a motor vehicle:
C1, the pure combustion engine of the low speed of a motor vehicle directly drive pattern:
As shown in Figure 10, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: the disengagement of front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch, rear lock-up clutch locking and regime clutch are thrown off.Due to front lock-up clutch locking, so front planet row just becomes a single reduction gear, reduction ratio is k
1.Then lock-up clutch 8 also locking, so the rotor of the second motor can not rotate, energy can not transmit between the second motor and the gear ring of rear planet row, and rear planet row now also becomes a single reduction gear, and reduction ratio is 1+k
2.
Power outputs in front sun wheel by combustion engine, the satellite gear that front sun wheel is not revolved round the sun by a rotation by transmission of power to front ring gear, front ring gear drives rear sun gear to rotate, and after rear sun gear drives, pinion carrier and rear satellite gear rotate, and power exports through system output shaft by rear pinion carrier.
Now hybrid power system be input as the combustion engine 1 be connected in front sun wheel 14, export as rear pinion carrier and system output shaft, concrete torque is closed and is: T
out=(1+k
2) × k
1× T
ebe suitable for electrical source of power electricity inadequate time the low speed of a motor vehicle drive operating mode, rely on combustion engine Direct driver car load, this pattern directly can be driven by combustion engine, the power of combustion engine is made not distribute to the first motor, all be assigned to output shaft, the problem that the electric power accounting that the most of power division eliminating existing planet combined hybrid system combustion engine when the low speed of a motor vehicle causes to the first motor is too high, effectively reduce dynamo-electric two times transfer to the impact of power system efficiency.
C2, the pure combustion engine of the high speed of a motor vehicle directly drive pattern
As shown in figure 11, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch are thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages.Due to front lock-up clutch locking, so front planet row just becomes a single reduction gear, reduction ratio is k
1.Now the second motor is in idling conditions under the control of inverter, and the rotating speed of idle running is the overall rotating speed of rear planet row (rear planet row now not speed change), i.e. n
2=1/k
1× n
e.
Power outputs in front sun wheel by combustion engine, the satellite gear that front sun wheel is not revolved round the sun by a rotation by transmission of power to front ring gear, front ring gear drives rear sun gear to rotate, rear sun gear drives the overall rotating speed of pinion carrier and the later planet row of rear satellite gear afterwards to rotate, and power exports through system output shaft by rear pinion carrier.
Now hybrid power system be input as the combustion engine 1 be connected in front sun wheel 14, export as rear pinion carrier 13, concrete torque is closed and is: Tout=k
1× Te, be suitable for vehicle travel with the higher speed of a motor vehicle and car load propulsive effort demand is positioned at combustion engine efficient district time driving operating mode, avoid existing combined hybrid system problem when combustion engine directly drives, the problem includes: data-collection problem, to improve power system efficiency.
D, combination drive pattern:
In combination drive pattern, internal combustion engine, the second motor is in motoring condition, and by rear gear ring planet row input power backward, the first motor is then selected to be in generating or electronic or off position as required, and this pattern is divided into following 5 kinds of patterns:
D1, serial mixed power pattern:
As shown in figure 12, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch are thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off.Because middle lock-up clutch is locked, so front ring gear and rear sun gear all cannot rotate, so the power transimission between front planet row and rear planet row is interrupted.So, front planet row and rear planet row can complete the generating of oneself or electronic work separately, second motor can completely according to vehicle travel need export most suitable rotating speed and moment of torsion, the needs that first motor then can run to optimum operation section according to diesel engine set best rotating speed and torque completes charging, do not disturb therebetween.Now, the hybrid power system of the present embodiment just becomes series connection type hybrid power system.
Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, and pass to front pinion carrier and front satellite gear, front pinion carrier drives the first electric power generation.Second motor is by Driven by inverter, and gear ring input power backward, transmission of power gives rear satellite gear and rear pinion carrier, and power exports through system output shaft by rear pinion carrier.Now the power input of system, just becomes combustion engine+the second motor, exports and just become electrical source of power+system output shaft.The Driving Torque of system is: T
out=T
mG2× (1+k
2)/k
2.
Especially, in city, traffic congestion situation is comparatively serious, so the mode that power actuated vehicle runs with the low speed of a motor vehicle is more.If cancel serial mixed power pattern, so combustion engine operates under lower rotating speed, and energy utilization rate is low.So serial mixed power pattern or necessary.In serial mixed power pattern, combustion engine can run with the rotating speed of the best, improve the degree of utilization of fuel oil, and due to the running power of combustion engine larger, also can rapidly the electric energy in battery be full of, decrease the time of run of combustion engine, the vibration reducing internal combustion engine is for the impact of car body and passenger inside the vehicle.And drive side, can be exported by the second motor completely.Especially when blocking up, vehicle stops and goes, even if when advancing, the speed of automobile is also lower, and windage is also less, acceleration/accel is also little, so required Driving Torque is also little, can be born by the second motor completely.
D2, combustion engine+the second motor input parallel connection is hybrid mode and the second motor speed is coupled:
As shown in figure 13, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch are thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off.Due to front lock-up clutch locking, so the first motor cannot rotate, dynamic transmission is not had, so the front satellite gear in front pinion carrier also just plays the effect of idle pulley, by the transmission of power in front sun wheel on front ring gear between first motor and front planet row yet.
Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, and front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate through the front satellite gear that a rotation is not revolved round the sun, and front ring gear is by transmission of power on rear sun gear, and after rear sun gear drives, satellite gear and rear pinion carrier rotate; Simultaneously, Driven by inverter second motor rotates, second motor is through the planet row input energy backward of gear ring later, and the power rotating speed that the power of the second motor and front ring gear input through rear sun gear is coupled by rear planet row, is exported by power by rear pinion carrier through system output shaft.
Now the power input of system, just becomes combustion engine+the second motor, exports and just become system output shaft.The Driving Torque of system is: Tout=(1+k
2) × k
1× Te.
In this mode, the power of combustion engine through front planet row single-stage speed reducing and after the rotating speed coupling of planet row, rotating speed there occurs larger change, goes for the occasion that lower in the speed of a motor vehicle, the required torque of vehicle is larger.Be specially adapted at low-speed stage, speed of a motor vehicle change occasion comparatively frequently, such as bus enter the station departures time accelerate frequently, slow down.
D3, combustion engine+the second motor input parallel connection is hybrid mode and the second motor torque is coupled:
As shown in figure 14, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch are thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages.Due to front lock-up clutch locking, so the first motor cannot rotate, dynamic transmission is not had, so the front satellite gear in front pinion carrier also just plays the effect of idle pulley, by the transmission of power in front sun wheel on front ring gear between first motor and front planet row yet.Because regime clutch engages, the later planet row of institute can only rotate with an overall form, and the power of the second motor just can output on rear planet row in the mode of torque coupling.
Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate by the front satellite gear that a rotation is not revolved round the sun, front ring gear is by transmission of power on rear sun gear, and rear sun gear drives the overall rotating speed of satellite gear and the later planet row of rear pinion carrier afterwards to rotate; Simultaneously, Driven by inverter second motor rotates, second motor is through the planet row input energy backward of gear ring later, and the power torque that the power of the second motor and front ring gear input through rear sun gear is coupled by rear planet row, is exported by power by rear pinion carrier through system output shaft.
Now the power input of system, just becomes combustion engine+the second motor, exports and just become system output shaft.The Driving Torque of system is: Tout=T
mG2+ k
1× Te.
In this pattern, because rear planet row just plays the effect of torque coupling, and do not play the effect of deceleration, so the power of combustion engine just have passed through the deceleration effort of front planet row, now the speed of a motor vehicle of vehicle is higher.Go for the occasion that higher, the required torque of the speed of a motor vehicle of vehicle is larger in this manner.
D4, combustion engine+the second motor+the first motor input parallel connection is hybrid mode and the second motor speed is coupled:
As shown in figure 15, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch is thrown off, middle lock-up clutch is thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off.In this pattern, because all lock-ups clutch or regime clutch are all thrown off, so all motors all can to each planet row input power, all planet rows all realize rotating speed coupling function.
Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, and the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, and front ring gear is by transmission of power on rear sun gear, and after rear sun gear drives, satellite gear and rear pinion carrier rotate; Meanwhile, Driven by inverter first motor rotates, and the first motor is through front pinion carrier and front satellite gear planet row input energy forward, and the power rotating speed that the power of the first motor and front pinion carrier input is coupled by front planet row; Simultaneously, Driven by inverter second motor rotates, second motor is through the planet row input energy backward of gear ring later, and the power rotating speed that the power of the second motor and front ring gear input through rear sun gear is coupled by rear planet row, is exported by power by rear pinion carrier through system output shaft.
Now system be input as combustion engine and the first motor, the second motor, the output of system is system output shaft.The torque of system, Tout=(1+k
2) × k
1× Te.
In this mode, because forward and backward planet row all serves the effect of deceleration and rotating speed coupling, so, the power of combustion engine also have passed through and significantly slows down, so the speed of a motor vehicle is now lower, the power produced by combustion engine, the torque being delivered to system output shaft is just larger.Due in this pattern, owing to have passed through the deceleration of two-stage, the rotating speed of combustion engine can be in higher rotating speed, and combustion engine can be operated in the section of rotating speed and torque negative correlation.Due to the introducing of the speed of two motors, can when motor raising speed, such that the rotating speed of combustion engine declines, torque is risen.This situation goes for the occasion of the low speed of a motor vehicle, large torque, such as, startup after fully loaded vehicle stops in the process of going up a slope, and this pattern also can reduce the power stage of combustion engine in this stage, reduces the discharge of combustion engine when non-optimal operation by sections.
D5, combustion engine+the second motor+the first motor input parallel connection is hybrid mode and the second motor torque is coupled:
As shown in figure 16, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch is thrown off, middle lock-up clutch is thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages.In this pattern, cause except rear planet row unitary rotation except regime clutch engages, all lock-ups clutch are all thrown off, so all motors all can to each planet row input power, front planet row can realize the function of rotating speed coupling, and rear planet row can realize the function of torque coupling.
Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, and the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, and front ring gear is by transmission of power on rear sun gear, and after rear sun gear drives, satellite gear and rear pinion carrier rotate; Meanwhile, Driven by inverter first motor rotates, and the first motor is through front pinion carrier and front satellite gear planet row input energy forward, and the power rotating speed that the power of the first motor and front pinion carrier input is coupled by front planet row; Simultaneously, Driven by inverter second motor rotates, second motor is through the planet row input energy backward of gear ring later, and the power torque that the power of the second motor and front ring gear input through rear sun gear is coupled by rear planet row, is exported by power by rear pinion carrier through system output shaft.
Now system be input as combustion engine and the first motor, the second motor, the output of system is system output shaft.The torque of system, Tout=T
mG2+ k
1× Te.
In this mode, due to the effect that front planet row all serves the effect of deceleration and rotating speed coupling, rear planet row plays torque coupling, so, the power of combustion engine also have passed through deceleration, so the speed of a motor vehicle is now the middle speed of a motor vehicle, by the power that combustion engine produces, the torque being delivered to system output shaft is just larger.This situation goes for the occasion of the middle speed of a motor vehicle, large torque, such as fully loaded vehicle goes up a slope with the middle speed of a motor vehicle in the process of going up a slope, when this pattern also can reduce to realize identical gross horsepower output, combustion engine, at the power stage in this stage, reduces the discharge of combustion engine when non-optimal operation by sections.
E, power dividing output mode:
E1, the first motor charging+combustion engine low speed driving mode:
As shown in figure 17, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch disengagement, the disengagement of middle lock-up clutch, rear lock-up clutch locking and regime clutch are thrown off.Due to rear lock-up clutch locking, so the second motor can not accept the energy of rear planet row, rear planet row now just becomes a single reduction gear, by the dynamic retarding inputted by front ring gear, rises torque, exports to rear pinion carrier.
Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, front sun wheel drives front ring gear and front pinion carrier to rotate, front pinion carrier is driven by front satellite gear and partial power is passed to the first motor, first motor in the past planet row absorbs energy, and the power of front planet row exports backward through front ring gear, drives rear sun gear, satellite gear rotation+revolution after rear sun gear drives, and then pinion carrier revolution after driving, the dynamic retarding inputted by front ring gear, rise torque, export to system output shaft by rear pinion carrier.
Now system be input as combustion engine, the output of system is rear pinion carrier and the first motor.The Driving Torque of system is Tout=(1+k
2) × k
1× T.
Time charging when parking can not meet the charging needs of electrical source of power completely, can this pattern be adopted, to supplement electrical source of power timely, make it reach the charge level of suitable motoring condition work.And, because front planet row is in the state of rotating speed coupling, so this pattern goes for when vehicle acceleration.Particularly, when vehicle is in accelerator, first improve the rotating speed corresponding to the paramount speed of a motor vehicle of rotating speed of combustion engine, first motor still absorbed power in accelerator, to electrical source of power charging, and constantly reduce rotating speed in process of charging, the power that the first motor is absorbed reduces gradually, the power of rear planet row is delivered to and rotating speed increases gradually by front ring gear, thus the horsepower output of planet row and output speed after increasing.Otherwise, also may be used for the down speeding procedure of vehicle.
Such as, in city, and even bus is difficult to the speed per hour directly reaching five or six ten kilometers higher, often loiter, the speed per hour of advancing also mainly rests on the level of twenty or thirty kilometer speed per hour, at this time, if the electricity of electrokinetic cell is not enough, or still have charging surplus, just this pattern can be selected, combustion engine intensive work can be made on the one hand at the slightly high section of rotating speed, improve the combustion efficiency of combustion engine, the electricity of electrical source of power can be supplemented in addition on the one hand timely, for may the low speed of a motor vehicle on the horizon travel in electric-only mode or the energy ezpenditure deposit foot energy of air-conditioning in parking process or other electrical equipment.
Under e1 pattern, when vehicle is in accelerator, first improve the first motor still absorbed power in the rotating speed accelerator corresponding to the paramount speed of a motor vehicle of rotating speed of combustion engine, charge to electrical source of power, and in process of charging, constantly reduce rotating speed, the power that first motor absorbs reduces gradually, is delivered to the power of rear planet row and rotating speed increases gradually by front ring gear, the horsepower output of planet row and output speed after increasing.
E2, the first motor charging+combustion engine speed driving modes:
As shown in figure 18, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch is thrown off, middle lock-up clutch is thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages.Because regime clutch engages, the second motor idle running, the later planet row of institute now just becomes an entirety and rotates, and the power inputted by front ring gear is directly exported to rear pinion carrier.
Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, front sun wheel drives front ring gear and front pinion carrier to rotate, front pinion carrier is driven by front satellite gear and partial power is passed to the first motor, first motor in the past planet row absorbs energy, the power of front planet row exports backward through front ring gear, drives rear sun gear, and after rear sun gear drives, after satellite gear, rear pinion carrier, the overall rotating speed of planet row revolves round the sun, the dynamic retarding inputted by front ring gear, rise torque, export to system output shaft by rear pinion carrier.Now system be input as combustion engine, the output of system is rear pinion carrier and the first motor.The Driving Torque of system is Tout=k
1× Te.
Time charging when parking can not meet the charging needs of electrical source of power completely, can this pattern be adopted, to supplement electrical source of power timely, make it reach the charge level of suitable motoring condition work.And, because front planet row is in the state of rotating speed coupling, so this pattern goes for being at vehicle the effect playing peak clipping in high-speed cruising when reduction of speed.Particularly, when vehicle is in down speeding procedure, combustion engine is first made to keep original rotating speed, first motor still absorbed power simultaneously, to electrical source of power charging, and constantly increase rotating speed in process of charging, the power that the first motor is absorbed increases gradually, be delivered to the power of rear planet row by front ring gear and rotating speed reduces gradually, thus after increasing, the horsepower output of planet row and output speed are reduced to the pattern of low cruise.
Such as, in city, vehicle is being in high speed of a motor vehicle driving process, need sail the lower region of the speed of a motor vehicle into or fall in the process of the speed of a motor vehicle near crossing, at this time, if the electricity of electrokinetic cell is not enough or still have the space of charging, just this pattern can be selected, torque during the second motor absorbed power can be improved gradually, like this, the total torque that system external exports will reduce, so the strength driving automobile to advance will weaken gradually, the deceleration/decel of automobile will increase gradually, instead of increase suddenly, the uncomfortable sensation that passenger takes can be avoided, also the possibility that occupant's injury occurs can be reduced.Can supplement on the one hand the electricity of electrical source of power in addition timely, for may the sufficient energy of energy ezpenditure deposit of the electric-only mode in low speed driving on the horizon or the air-conditioning in parking process or other electrical equipment.
E3, the second motor charging+combustion engine low speed driving mode:
As shown in figure 19, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch are thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off.Due to front lock-up clutch locking, so the first motor can not accept the energy of front planet row, and front sun wheel can not rotate, and front planet row now just becomes a single reduction gear, by the dynamic retarding inputted by front pinion carrier, rises torque, exports to rear planet row.Now system be input as combustion engine, the output of system is rear pinion carrier and the second motor.The Driving Torque of system is Tout=(1+k
2) × k
1× Te.
Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, the power of front planet row exports backward through front ring gear, drive rear sun gear, after rear sun gear drives, satellite gear, rear pinion carrier, rear gear ring rotate, partial power is passed to the second motor by rear gear ring, and the second motor absorbs energy from rear planet row, rear planet row by rear pinion carrier all the other Power output to system output shaft.
Time charging when parking can not meet the charging needs of electrical source of power completely, can this pattern be adopted, to supplement electrical source of power timely, make it reach the charge level of suitable motoring condition work.And, because front planet row is in the state of rotating speed coupling, so this pattern goes for when vehicle acceleration.Particularly, when vehicle is in accelerator, first improve the rotating speed corresponding to the paramount speed of a motor vehicle of rotating speed of combustion engine, simultaneously the second motor still absorbed power charging to electrical source of power, and in process of charging, constantly reduce rotating speed, the power that second motor is absorbed reduces gradually, is delivered to the power of system output shaft and rotating speed increases gradually by rear pinion carrier, until be increased to the level that the high speed of a motor vehicle runs.Otherwise, also can be used for the falling-rate period of vehicle.
Such as, in city, and even bus is difficult to the speed per hour directly reaching five or six ten kilometers higher, often loiter, the speed per hour of advancing also mainly rests on the speed per hour level of twenty or thirty kilometer, at this time, if the electricity of electrokinetic cell is not enough, or still have charging surplus, just this pattern can be selected, combustion engine intensive work can be made on the one hand at the slightly high section of rotating speed, improve the combustion efficiency of combustion engine, the electricity of electrical source of power can be supplemented in addition on the one hand timely, for may the low speed of a motor vehicle on the horizon travel in electric-only mode or the energy ezpenditure deposit foot energy of air-conditioning in parking process or other electrical equipment.
E4, the second motor charging+combustion engine speed driving modes:
As shown in figure 20, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch are thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages.Due to front lock-up clutch locking, so the first motor can not accept the energy of front planet row, and front sun wheel can not rotate, and front planet row now just becomes a single reduction gear, by the dynamic retarding inputted by front pinion carrier, rises torque, exports to rear planet row.
Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, the power of front planet row exports drive rear sun gear backward through front ring gear, after rear sun gear drives, after satellite gear, rear pinion carrier, rear gear ring, the overall rotating speed of planet row revolves round the sun, partial power is passed to the second motor by rear gear ring, second motor absorbs energy from rear planet row, rear planet row by rear pinion carrier all the other Power output to system output shaft.Now system be input as combustion engine, the output of system is rear pinion carrier and the second motor.The Driving Torque of system is Tout=k
1× Te-T
mG2.
Time charging when parking can not meet the charging needs of electrical source of power completely, can this pattern be adopted, to supplement electrical source of power timely, make it reach the charge level of suitable motoring condition work.
Such as, in city, vehicle is being in high speed of a motor vehicle driving process, need sail the lower region of the speed of a motor vehicle into or fall in the process of the speed of a motor vehicle near crossing, at this time, if the electricity of electrokinetic cell is not enough or still have charging surplus, just this pattern can be selected, torque during the second motor absorbed power can be improved gradually, like this, the total torque that system external exports will reduce, so the strength driving automobile to advance will weaken gradually, the deceleration/decel of automobile will increase gradually, instead of increase suddenly, the uncomfortable sensation that passenger takes can be avoided, also the possibility that occupant's injury occurs can be reduced.Can supplement on the one hand the electricity of electrical source of power in addition timely, for may the low speed of a motor vehicle on the horizon travel in electric-only mode or the sufficient energy of energy ezpenditure deposit of air-conditioning in parking process or other electrical equipment.
F, Brake energy recovery pattern:
Combustion engine 1 is closed, and the first motor 2 does not work, and the second motor 10 generates electricity, and the second motor 10 provides power driven car load to travel with the friction braking system of car load, and this pattern is divided into low speed and high speed two kinds of patterns:
F1, low speed Brake energy recovery pattern:
As shown in figure 21, before, during and after, the mode of operation of lock-up clutch and regime clutch 9 is: front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch are thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off.Now the output of hybrid power system is for being connected to the second motor 10 on rear gear ring, be input as rear pinion carrier 13, the electric braking force inputted by the second motor is exported by rear gear ring, rear satellite gear, rear pinion carrier, system output shaft successively, realizes braking energy recovering function.Concrete torque is closed: T
out=(1+k
2)/k
2× T
mG2, be suitable for the large torque braking of the low speed of a motor vehicle, effectively can utilize the braking potential of the second motor, fully reclaim braking energy, significantly improve the fuel economy of vehicle.
F2, high speed Brake energy recovery pattern:
As shown in figure 22, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch is thrown off, middle lock-up clutch is thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages.Now the first motor idle running, the torque on it is zero, although rear planet row has speed to be delivered on front planet row, power transimission is not on front planet row.The power absorbed by braking is all transmitted and gives the second motor, and is recovered in electrical source of power by electric energy by inverter.The output of mixed system, for being connected to the second motor 10 on rear gear ring, is input as rear pinion carrier 13, and the electric braking force inputted by the second motor is exported by rear gear ring, regime clutch, rear pinion carrier, system output shaft successively, realizes braking energy recovering function.Concrete torque is closed: T
out=T
mG2, be suitable for the braking of the high speed of a motor vehicle, to the braking force of the second motor and speed demand when can reduce the high speed of a motor vehicle, reduce the demand to bearing range of speed in the volume of the second motor, cost and design.
G, the state that can not move:
If front lock-up clutch locking, the front sun wheel of so front planet row can not be moved, in front planet row, as long as engine rotation, just must by rotating through front ring gear, rear sun gear passes to rear planet row, once planet row is in the state that can not rotate now, so car load will be in the state that can not move.So 1011 in table 1,1101,1110,1111 patterns are all the states that can not move.
H, standby mode:
Except stated in e3 and e4, in the driving process of automobile, the second motor replaces the first motor to complete except charging work, in following pattern, the state that the first motor replaces the second motor to finish the work or the second motor replaces the first motor to finish the work can also be there is.
Such as, the second motor replaces the state of the first motor powered, specifically comprises:
H1, the first motor powered+engine brake drive pattern:
As shown in figure 23, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch disengagement, the disengagement of middle lock-up clutch, rear lock-up clutch locking and regime clutch are thrown off.Due to rear lock-up clutch locking, so the second motor can not accept the energy of rear planet row, rear planet row now just becomes a single reduction gear, by the dynamic retarding inputted by front ring gear, rises torque, exports to rear pinion carrier.
Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, simultaneously, Driven by inverter first motor rotates, first motor is through front pinion carrier and front satellite gear planet row input energy forward, and the power rotating speed that the power of the first motor and front pinion carrier input is coupled by front planet row; The power of front planet row exports backward through front ring gear, drives rear sun gear, and satellite gear, the revolution of rear pinion carrier after rear sun gear drives, rear planet row gives system output shaft by rear pinion carrier Power output.Now system be input as combustion engine and the first motor, the output of system is rear pinion carrier.The Driving Torque of system is Tout=(1+k
2) × k
1× Te.
When the second motor breaks down, cannot electronic time, can this pattern be adopted, with the substituting of part " input of combustion engine+the second motor in parallel and the second motor speed coupling hybrid power " pattern.In such a mode, the power of combustion engine through front planet row single-stage speed reducing+rotating speed coupling and after the single-stage speed reducing of planet row, rotating speed there occurs larger change, goes for the occasion that lower in the speed of a motor vehicle, the required torque of vehicle is larger.
H2, the first motor powered+combustion engine speed driving modes:
As shown in figure 24, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch is thrown off, middle lock-up clutch is thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages.Front planet row is now planet speed-change state.
Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, simultaneously, Driven by inverter first motor rotates, first motor is through front pinion carrier and front satellite gear planet row input energy forward, and the power rotating speed that the power of the first motor and front pinion carrier input is coupled by front planet row; The power of front planet row exports backward through front ring gear, drives rear sun gear, and after rear sun gear drives, after satellite gear, rear pinion carrier, rear gear ring, the overall rotating speed of planet row revolves round the sun, and rear planet row gives system output shaft by rear pinion carrier Power output.
Now system be input as combustion engine and the first motor, the output of system is rear pinion carrier.The Driving Torque of system is Tout=k
1× T
e.
When the second motor breaks down, cannot electronic time, can this pattern be adopted, with the substituting of part " input of combustion engine+the second motor in parallel and the second motor torque coupling hybrid power " pattern.In such a mode, the power of combustion engine through front planet row single-stage speed reducing and after the direct-drive of planet row, rotating speed there occurs certain change, goes for the occasion that more medium in the speed of a motor vehicle, the required torque of vehicle is lower.
H3, parking charge mode for subsequent use:
Such as, when the first motor damage, time the second motor replaces the first motor charging, except the driving charge mode of e3 pattern and e4 pattern, also have a kind of parking charge mode, specific works state is as follows:
As shown in figure 25, the state of each lock-up clutch and regime clutch is: front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch are thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off.Due to front lock-up clutch locking, so the first motor can not accept the energy of front planet row, and front pinion carrier can not rotate, and front planet row now just becomes a single reduction gear, by the dynamic retarding inputted by front sun wheel, rises torque, exports to rear planet row.During due to parking, can by wheel braking, so system output shaft and rear pinion carrier are equivalent to locked, rear pinion carrier cannot rotate, and rear satellite gear only becomes idle pulley, a transferring power, and rear planet row now also becomes a single reduction gear.
Power is input in front sun wheel by combustion engine, and front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate by front satellite gear, and the power of front planet row exports backward through front ring gear and drives rear sun gear to rotate, and rear sun gear drives rear satellite gear, rear gear ring to rotate successively; Transmission of power is given the second motor by rear gear ring, and the second electric power generation sends electric energy to inverter.
Now the input end of system is combustion engine, and output is the second motor.
In sum, the present embodiment have employed the power that middle lock-up clutch interrupts between front planet row and rear planet row and contacts, not only series connection type hybrid power system can be formed, to improve the operating efficiency of driving engine when the low speed of a motor vehicle of vehicle, otherwise, in order to tackle the state being in the low speed of a motor vehicle for a long time and advancing in prior art, just needing the capacity increasing battery, improving the manufacturing cost of vehicle.The power that during the present embodiment can also utilize, lock-up clutch cuts off between front planet row and rear planet row contacts, make vehicle can be in pure electronic or pure charge condition as required, improve the adaptive capacity of vehicle for different operating mode, decrease the time of run of combustion engine, improve the comfort level of vehicle ride.
And, because the present embodiment has above-mentioned various modes, damage for some parts has prepared sufficient alternative mode, thus improve the mode selection capability of hybrid power system when parts are damaged and the reliability of system, even if section components is damaged, the operating efficiency of system still significantly can not be reduced.Such as:
If middle lock-up clutch is damaged, so can select b5 pattern, planet row and front ring gear after pinning, under realizing dead ship condition, combustion engine is to the charging of the first motor; If the first motor is damaged, the charging that still can be realized under dead ship condition by h3 pattern, also can realize the charging under driving states by e3, e4 pattern; If the second motor is damaged, d2, d3 pattern cannot be realized, but motoring condition can be in by the first motor in h1, h2 pattern, realize parallel type hybrid dynamic operating mode.So, except almost employing the pattern of all energy conversion devices---the such all possible propulsion source of such as d4, d5 is all as pattern and the serial mixed power pattern of input, and the pattern that can only be completed by the second motor---outside electric-only mode, all common pattern, have the alternative mode for damage of components.So, even if some component malfunction, normally cannot work, hybrid power system so also can not be caused cannot to realize some basic function, improve the adaptibility to response of system for unit failure.
The motor vehicle driven by mixed power with hybrid power system of the present invention, as shown in figure 26, the combustion engine of motor vehicle driven by mixed power is spark ignition engine, employs the mixed dynamic power system described in embodiment 1, by the drive axle 17 of the system output shaft 11 connection hybrid power vehicle of described hybrid power system.
Below in conjunction with the various patterns described in embodiment, introduce the operation scheme of this vehicle:
First, when the hot car state before vehicle operating, just can adopt b1 charge mode, middle lock-up clutch locking, combustion engine rotates the energy produced when hot car, can be supplemented to electrical source of power by the first motor.
Then vehicle launch, can the low speed of a motor vehicle electric-only mode of choice for use a1, because relate to start-up course, so torque is slightly large, by the second output power of motor, without rising rotating speed, falls the process of torque and carrys out Direct driver vehicle.When vehicle continues to accelerate, when running to fair speed, a2 high speed of a motor vehicle electric-only mode can be opened, still drive vehicle by the second motor, but be through rear planet row rise rotating speed, realize the higher speed of a motor vehicle.
If beginning starting apparatus combustion engine, owing to being provided with the higher speed of a motor vehicle, so lock-up clutch is discharged, jointly internal combustion engine start can be driven by the electric power of the kinetic energy of car load and the second motor, make the rotating speed of combustion engine quickly can reach best effort section, decrease and utilize separately the first driven by motor internal combustion engine start and the control program program that causes is complicated.Simultaneously, because the vehicle when combustion engine is in the slow speed of revolution operation phase that the Anti-vibration Design of vehicle causes mainly for combustion engine is in the high rotary speed movement stage cannot vibration isolation, passenger inside the vehicle feel under the weather, and high-speed starting combustion engine, exactly can alleviate this problem greatly, reduce the negative effect to passenger.
Meanwhile, after internal combustion engine start, e1 or e2 pattern can be selected, hybrid power system is in low/high speed of a motor vehicle drive pattern of the first motor charging+combustion engine, first motor reduces rotating speed gradually, and the output speed of front planet row raises gradually, to reach the speed of a motor vehicle state of suitable combustion engine Direct driver.Then internal combustion engine drive pattern is switched to.
If run into the higher speed of a motor vehicle, and time load is larger, d2 pattern can be used---combustion engine+the second motor input parallel connection is hybrid mode and the second motor speed is coupled, such as, climbing when the high speed of a motor vehicle.Run into the higher speed of a motor vehicle, and load very large time, d4 pattern can be used---combustion engine+the second motor+the first motor input parallel connection is hybrid mode and the second motor speed is coupled, and allows all energy conversion devices all be in input acting state, the high speed of a motor vehicle climbing of such as at full load.
When the speed of a motor vehicle falls in needs gradually time, e1 or e2 pattern can be started, diesel engine still can be made to be in higher rotating speed, to ensure the combustion efficiency of diesel engine.
In time entering the section comparatively blocked up in city, a1 pattern can be used---low speed of a motor vehicle electric-only mode, because the acceleration under congestion status is also not too large, for making the moment of torsion needed for vehicle acceleration also not too large, electronicly can to deal with completely so the low speed of a motor vehicle is pure.If the stored energy of electrical source of power is not enough, d1 pattern can be used---serial mixed power pattern.
When vehicle gets lodged on overpass or upward slope road, when needing to start, if the power of the second motor is not sufficient to provide enough torques, so d2 pattern can be used---combustion engine+the second motor input parallel connection is hybrid mode and the second motor speed is coupled.If the now load-carrying of vehicle is comparatively large or the gradient is steeper, need larger starting torque, so can adopt d5 pattern---combustion engine+the second motor+the first motor input parallel connection is hybrid mode and the second motor torque is coupled, and allows all energy conversion devices all be in input acting state.
If now vehicle is stifled on the way, and time other consumer needs electric energy, b1 pattern can be started---charge mode, to supplement the power supply of vehicle timely.
So, in the operation of vehicle, due to the variety of drive pattern, unless in the very large vehicle launch situation of torque, combustion engine can be made to be in the state of optimum speed section as much as possible, the work efficiency of combustion engine can be improved.
Claims (8)
1. a hybrid power system, comprise combustion engine (1), include front sun wheel (15), the front planet row of front pinion carrier (14) and front ring gear (6), include rear sun gear (12), the rear planet row of rear pinion carrier (13) and rear gear ring (7), the front pinion carrier (14) of described front planet row connects the first motor (2), the rear gear ring (7) of described rear planet row connects the second motor (10), the front ring gear (6) of described front planet row is connected with the rear sun gear (12) of described rear planet row, the mouth of described combustion engine (1) is connected with the front sun wheel (15) of described front planet row, the rear pinion carrier (13) of described rear planet row is connected with system output shaft (11), it is characterized in that, described front pinion carrier (14) is connected with the front lock-up clutch (3) described front pinion carrier (14) being carried out to locking or release, described rear sun gear (12) is connected with the middle lock-up clutch (16) described rear sun gear (12) being carried out to locking or release, described rear gear ring (7) is connected with the rear lock-up clutch (8) described rear gear ring (7) being carried out to locking or release, regime clutch (9) is provided with between described rear gear ring (7) and described rear pinion carrier.
2. there is a motor vehicle driven by mixed power for hybrid power system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the drive axle (17) of system output shaft (11) the connection hybrid power vehicle of hybrid power system.
3. a driving method for the hybrid power system described in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, comprises following mode of operation:
A, electric-only mode:
Combustion engine is closed, and electrical source of power provides power driven car load to travel to the second motor, and this pattern is divided into the pure electronic two kinds of patterns of pure electronic, the high speed of a motor vehicle of the low speed of a motor vehicle:
A1, high speed of a motor vehicle electric-only mode:
Front lock-up clutch is thrown off, middle lock-up clutch is thrown off and rear lock-up clutch is thrown off, and regime clutch engages;
By Driven by inverter second motor, ring gear against rotation after second driven by motor, rear gear ring, rear pinion carrier and rear sun gear rotate with same rotating speed jointly, now the first motor idle running, combustion engine does not turn, the inner side of satellite gear sun wheel revolution before static before the rotating speed of the first motor can make front sun wheel rotation rotating speed ensure just, and the fit inside of the outside of front satellite gear and front ring gear rotates;
A2, low speed of a motor vehicle electric-only mode:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch are thrown off, regime clutch is thrown off,
By Driven by inverter second motor, ring gear against rotation after the second driven by motor, after rear gear ring drives, satellite gear and rear pinion carrier rotate around rear sun gear, and rear pinion carrier is by system output shaft horsepower output;
B, pure charge mode:
In pure charge mode, the second motor does not operate, the rear gear ring of rear planet row, rear pinion carrier, the equal non rotating of rear sun gear, and power only flows between combustion engine and the first motor; This pattern is divided into following pattern:
B1,0100 pattern:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch are thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off; Combustion engine outputting power, the first motor and front pinion carrier are driven by by sun wheel before ICE-powered, and front sun wheel gives front pinion carrier transmission of power, the first electric power generation be connected with front sun wheel;
B2,0101 pattern:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch are thrown off and regime clutch engages; Combustion engine outputting power, the first motor and front pinion carrier are driven by by sun wheel before ICE-powered, and front sun wheel gives front pinion carrier transmission of power, the first electric power generation be connected with front sun wheel;
B3,0110 pattern:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch locking and regime clutch are thrown off; Combustion engine outputting power, the first motor and front pinion carrier are driven by by sun wheel before ICE-powered, and front sun wheel gives front pinion carrier transmission of power, the first electric power generation be connected with front sun wheel;
B4,0111 pattern:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch locking, regime clutch engage; Combustion engine input power, the first motor and front pinion carrier are driven by by sun wheel before ICE-powered, and front sun wheel gives front pinion carrier transmission of power, the first electric power generation be connected with front sun wheel;
B5,0011 pattern:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, the disengagement of middle lock-up clutch, rear lock-up clutch locking and regime clutch engage; Combustion engine input power, the first motor and front pinion carrier are driven by by sun wheel before ICE-powered, and front sun wheel gives front pinion carrier transmission of power, the first electric power generation be connected with front sun wheel;
C, internal combustion engine drive pattern:
Internal combustion engine start, the first motor does not work, and combustion engine provides power driven car load to travel, and this pattern is divided into the pure combustion engine of the low speed of a motor vehicle directly to drive directly driving two kinds of patterns with the pure combustion engine of the high speed of a motor vehicle:
C1, the pure combustion engine of the low speed of a motor vehicle directly drive pattern:
The disengagement of front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch, rear lock-up clutch locking and regime clutch are thrown off;
Power outputs in front sun wheel by combustion engine, and front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate by front satellite gear, and front ring gear drives rear sun gear to rotate, and after rear sun gear drives, pinion carrier and rear satellite gear rotate, and power exports through system output shaft by rear pinion carrier;
C2, the pure combustion engine of the high speed of a motor vehicle directly drive pattern
Front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch are thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages;
Power outputs in front sun wheel by combustion engine, front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate by front satellite gear, front ring gear drives rear sun gear to rotate, and after rear sun gear drives, after pinion carrier and rear satellite gear, the overall rotating speed of planet row rotates, and power exports through system output shaft by rear pinion carrier;
D, combination drive pattern:
In combination drive pattern, internal combustion engine, the second motor is in motoring condition, and by rear gear ring planet row input power backward, the first motor is then selected to be in generating or electronic or off position as required, and this pattern is divided into following 5 kinds of patterns:
D1, serial mixed power pattern:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch are thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off;
Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, passes to front pinion carrier, and front pinion carrier drives the first electric power generation; Second motor by Driven by inverter, gear ring input power backward, transmission of power give rear satellite gear and rear pinion carrier, power exports through system output shaft by rear pinion carrier;
D2, combustion engine+the second motor input parallel connection is hybrid mode and the second motor speed is coupled:
Front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch are thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off;
Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, and the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, and front ring gear is by transmission of power on rear sun gear, and after rear sun gear drives, satellite gear and rear pinion carrier rotate; Simultaneously, Driven by inverter second motor rotates, second motor is through the planet row input energy backward of gear ring later, and the power rotating speed that the power of the second motor and front ring gear input through rear sun gear is coupled by rear planet row, is exported by power by rear pinion carrier through system output shaft;
D3, combustion engine+the second motor input parallel connection is hybrid mode and the second motor torque is coupled:
Front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch are thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages;
Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, and the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, and front ring gear is by transmission of power on rear sun gear, and after rear sun gear drives, after satellite gear and rear pinion carrier, the overall rotating speed of planet row rotates; Driven by inverter second motor rotates, and the second motor is through the planet row input energy backward of gear ring later, and the power torque that the power of the second motor and front ring gear input through rear sun gear is coupled by rear planet row, is exported by power by rear pinion carrier through system output shaft;
D4, combustion engine+the second motor+the first motor input parallel connection is hybrid mode and the second motor speed is coupled:
Front lock-up clutch is thrown off, middle lock-up clutch is thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off;
Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, and the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, and front ring gear is by transmission of power on rear sun gear, and after rear sun gear drives, satellite gear and rear pinion carrier rotate; Driven by inverter first motor rotates, and the first motor is through front pinion carrier and front satellite gear planet row input energy forward, and the power rotating speed that the power of the first motor and front pinion carrier input is coupled by front planet row; Driven by inverter second motor rotates, and the second motor is through the planet row input energy backward of gear ring later, and the power rotating speed that the power of the second motor and front ring gear input through rear sun gear is coupled by rear planet row, is exported by power by rear pinion carrier through system output shaft;
D5, combustion engine+the second motor+the first motor input parallel connection is hybrid mode and the second motor torque is coupled:
Front lock-up clutch is thrown off, middle lock-up clutch is thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages; Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, and the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, and front ring gear is by transmission of power on rear sun gear, and after rear sun gear drives, satellite gear and rear pinion carrier rotate; Meanwhile, Driven by inverter first motor rotates, and the first motor is through front pinion carrier and front satellite gear planet row input energy forward, and the power rotating speed that the power of the first motor and front pinion carrier input is coupled by front planet row; Simultaneously, Driven by inverter second motor rotates, second motor is through the planet row input energy backward of gear ring later, and the power torque that the power of the second motor and front ring gear input through rear sun gear is coupled by rear planet row, is exported by power by rear pinion carrier through system output shaft;
E, power dividing output mode:
E1, the first motor charging+combustion engine low speed driving mode:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, the disengagement of middle lock-up clutch, rear lock-up clutch locking and regime clutch are thrown off; Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, front sun wheel drives front ring gear and front pinion carrier to rotate, front pinion carrier is driven by front satellite gear and partial power is passed to the first motor, first motor in the past planet row absorbs energy, and the power of front planet row exports backward through front ring gear, drives rear sun gear, satellite gear rotation+revolution after rear sun gear drives, and then pinion carrier revolution after driving, the dynamic retarding inputted by front ring gear, rise torque, export to system output shaft by rear pinion carrier;
E2, the first motor charging+combustion engine speed driving modes:
Front lock-up clutch is thrown off, middle lock-up clutch is thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages; Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, front sun wheel drives front ring gear and front pinion carrier to rotate, front pinion carrier is driven by front satellite gear and partial power is passed to the first motor, first motor in the past planet row absorbs energy, the power of front planet row exports backward through front ring gear, drive rear sun gear, after rear sun gear drives, after satellite gear, rear pinion carrier, the overall rotating speed of planet row revolves round the sun, and rear planet row gives system output shaft by rear pinion carrier Power output;
E3, the second motor charging+combustion engine low speed driving mode:
Front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch are thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off; Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, the power of front planet row exports backward through front ring gear, drive rear sun gear, after rear sun gear drives, satellite gear, rear pinion carrier, rear gear ring rotate, partial power is passed to the second motor by rear gear ring, and the second motor absorbs energy from rear planet row, rear planet row by rear pinion carrier all the other Power output to system output shaft;
E4, the second motor charging+combustion engine speed driving modes:
Front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch are thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages; Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, the power of front planet row exports drive rear sun gear backward through front ring gear, after rear sun gear drives, after satellite gear, rear pinion carrier, rear gear ring, the overall rotating speed of planet row revolves round the sun, partial power is passed to the second motor by rear gear ring, second motor absorbs energy from rear planet row, rear planet row by rear pinion carrier all the other Power output to system output shaft;
F, Brake energy recovery pattern:
Combustion engine is closed, and the first motor does not work, the second electric power generation, and the friction braking system of the second motor and car load provides power driven car load to travel, and this pattern is divided into low speed and high speed two kinds of patterns:
F1, low speed Brake energy recovery pattern:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, middle lock-up clutch locking, rear lock-up clutch are thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off; The electric braking force inputted by the second motor is exported by rear gear ring, rear satellite gear, rear pinion carrier, system output shaft successively, realizes braking energy recovering function;
F2, high speed Brake energy recovery pattern:
Front lock-up clutch is thrown off, middle lock-up clutch is thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages, the electric braking force inputted by the second motor is exported by rear gear ring, regime clutch, rear pinion carrier, system output shaft successively, realizes braking energy recovering function;
H, standby mode:
H1, the first motor powered+engine brake drive pattern:
Front lock-up clutch disengagement, the disengagement of middle lock-up clutch, rear lock-up clutch locking and regime clutch are thrown off; Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, Driven by inverter first motor rotates, first motor is through front pinion carrier and front satellite gear planet row input energy forward, and the power rotating speed that the power of the first motor and front pinion carrier input is coupled by front planet row; The power of front planet row exports backward through front ring gear, drives rear sun gear, satellite gear, the revolution of rear pinion carrier after rear sun gear drives, and rear planet row gives system output shaft by rear pinion carrier Power output;
H2, the first motor powered+combustion engine speed driving modes:
Front lock-up clutch is thrown off, middle lock-up clutch is thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch engages; Power is inputted through front sun wheel by combustion engine, the premenstrual satellite gear of front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate, Driven by inverter first motor rotates, first motor is through front pinion carrier and front satellite gear planet row input energy forward, and the power rotating speed that the power of the first motor and front pinion carrier input is coupled by front planet row; The power of front planet row exports backward through front ring gear, drives rear sun gear, and after rear sun gear drives, after satellite gear, rear pinion carrier, rear gear ring, the overall rotating speed of planet row revolves round the sun, and rear planet row gives system output shaft by rear pinion carrier Power output;
H3, parking charge mode for subsequent use:
Front lock-up clutch locking, middle lock-up clutch are thrown off, rear lock-up clutch is thrown off and regime clutch is thrown off; Power is input in front sun wheel by combustion engine, and front sun wheel drives front ring gear to rotate by front satellite gear, and the power of front planet row exports backward through front ring gear and drives rear sun gear to rotate, and rear sun gear drives rear satellite gear, rear gear ring to rotate successively; Transmission of power is given the second motor by rear gear ring, and the second electric power generation sends electric energy to inverter.
4. the driving method of hybrid power system according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described b1 pattern and described b5 pattern backup each other.
5. the driving method of hybrid power system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, under e1 pattern, when vehicle is in accelerator, first improve the first motor still absorbed power in the rotating speed accelerator corresponding to the paramount speed of a motor vehicle of rotating speed of combustion engine, charge to electrical source of power, and in process of charging, constantly reduce rotating speed, the power that first motor absorbs reduces gradually, the power of rear planet row is delivered to and rotating speed increases gradually, the horsepower output of planet row and output speed after increasing by front ring gear.
6. the driving method of hybrid power system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, under e2 pattern, when vehicle is in down speeding procedure, combustion engine is first made to keep original rotating speed, first motor still absorbed power simultaneously, charge to electrical source of power, and in process of charging, constantly increase rotating speed, the power that first motor absorbs increases gradually, be delivered to the power of rear planet row by front ring gear and rotating speed reduces gradually, after increasing, the horsepower output of planet row and output speed are reduced to the pattern of low cruise.
7. the driving method of hybrid power system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, under e3 pattern, when vehicle is in accelerator, first improve the rotating speed corresponding to the paramount speed of a motor vehicle of rotating speed of combustion engine, simultaneously the second motor still absorbed power to electrical source of power charging, and constantly reduce rotating speed in process of charging, the power that second motor absorbs reduces gradually, is delivered to the power of system output shaft and rotating speed increases gradually by rear pinion carrier.
8. the driving method of hybrid power system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, under e4 pattern, when vehicle reduction of speed, the second electric power generation, and charged to electrical source of power by inverter, second motor increases the torque of absorption gradually, and it is constant to input to the torque of rear planet row by front pinion carrier, and the Driving Torque of rear planet row declines, the moment of torsion driving vehicle to advance declines, and the deceleration/decel of vehicle increases gradually.
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