CN102874094A - Range extended electric vehicle power system adopting planetary gear two speed transmission - Google Patents
Range extended electric vehicle power system adopting planetary gear two speed transmission Download PDFInfo
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- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
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Abstract
The invention relates to a range extended electric vehicle power system adopting a planetary gear two speed transmission. The range extended electric vehicle power system adopting the planetary gear two speed transmission is characterized in that a crankshaft of an internal combustion engine is connected with a shell of a double clutch transmission device; a first clutch of the double clutch transmission device is connected with a planetary gear mechanism through a transmission shaft; a second clutch of the double clutch transmission device is connected with a rotor of a first motor; a rotor of a second motor is connected with any one component of a sun wheel, a planetary carrier and a gear ring of the planetary gear mechanism; power is output by the set second component of the sun wheel, the planetary carrier and the gear ring; and two gear shifts are realized by controlling the motion state of the set third component of the sun wheel, the planetary carrier and the gear ring. A vehicle is mainly driven by the second motor when running at low speed, so that low-speed and low-load work of an engine is avoided and the economy and the emission performance of the whole vehicle are improved. The vehicle is driven by the power system through parallel operation when running at high speed, so that the energy transfer efficiency is high and the driving range of the vehicle is further prolonged on the basis of guaranteeing the power performance of the whole vehicle.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system that adopts the planetary wheel two-speed transmission, particularly have combustion engine and two electrical motors, and can carry out the range extended electric vehicle power system of combustion engine and electrical motor parallel drive.
Background technology
Become today of China Automobile Industry theme in energy-conservation and environmental protection, hybrid vehicle has become the object of various countries automobile vendor primary study.Hybrid vehicle (Hybrid Electrical Vehicle is called for short HEV) refers to equip simultaneously the automobile of two kinds of power resources-heat dynamic resources (being produced by traditional spark ignition engine or diesel engine) and electrodynamic source (electrokinetic cell and electrical motor).Hybrid vehicle does not need external charge; it is the electronlmobil take driving engine as main power source; by hybrid power functions such as engine idle shutdown, braking energy recovery, low speed pure motor driving, driving generating, driving power-assisted and the independent drivings of driving engine; so that driving engine can be regulated and control flexibly according to the actual operating mode of car load; remain on the interior work in zone of Combination property the best, thereby reduce oil consumption and discharging.
Compare with hybrid vehicle, pure electric automobile (Battery Electric vehicle is called for short BEV) relies on the direct motor drive vehicle fully, and its energy source has been realized zero-emission from electrical network, and efficiency is high, and noise is little.But be subjected to current driving force battery technology horizontal constraints, its energy density can't satisfy automobile-used demand, and the car load continual mileage is limited, can not satisfy the requirement of user's routine use.
In order to prolong the continual mileage of pure electric automobile, people have increased a high efficiency internal combustion engine in power system of electric automobile, and when the electrokinetic cell lower voltage, it can drive electrical generator power is provided, and reaches the purpose of extending driving range with this.This class battery-driven car is called as stroke-increasing electric automobile (Range-extended Electric Vehicle is called for short REEV).According to the power system structure, the stroke-increasing electric automobile that exists at present can be divided into series connection stroke boosting electronlmobil and series-parallel connection stroke-increasing electric automobile.Series connection stroke boosting electronlmobil advantage aspect cost increase (comparing with traditional vehicle) is larger, and dynamic property is difficult to satisfy the vehicle performance requirement under electric quantity maintaining stage, and the fuel economy of running at high speed is also relatively poor.Series-parallel connection stroke-increasing electric automobile dynamic property and oil consumption under electric quantity maintaining stage all are better than the series connection stroke boosting electronlmobil, but power system is complicated, cost is higher;
(1) because the combustion engine of traditional vehicle (or hybrid vehicle) need to be operated in bottom gear satisfying the acceleration demand, the low and load of its rate of load condensate and rotation speed change are fast, affect the car load economy;
(2) in existing hybrid power configuration, motor is mainly used to regulate the work area of combustion engine, thereby make combustion engine as far as possible in the interval work of Optimum Economic, the power that driving vehicle needs is still mainly provided by combustion engine, therefore the power of combustion engine is very large, affects car load economy and emission performance;
(3) in existing hybrid power configuration, the first electrical motor form generally has two kinds, BSG(Belt Starter Generator) and ISG (Integrated Starter Generator), they directly link to each other with combustion engine usually, can drive them during internal combustion engine rotates always, this not only can produce mechanical friction loss, also can produce the electromagnetism loss, affects the car load economy.
(4) although pure electric automobile can be realized zero consumption of fuel and zero-emission, because the volume of electrokinetic cell and the restriction of energy density, its continual mileage is very limited;
(5) series connection stroke boosting electronlmobil is increasing under the journey pattern, exists energy secondary conversion loss to affect the car load economy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system that adopts the planetary wheel two-speed transmission, it adopts the combustion engine of a miniwatt grade and the second electrical motor of a high-power grade; When internal combustion engine drive, prevent from driving the rotation of the first electrical motor, friction and the electromagnetism loss of the first electrical motor have been reduced, provide two speed ratios by sun and planet gear for the second electrical motor, car load dynamic property demand is satisfied by the second electrical motor, reduced the power of combustion engine, improve the rate of load condensate of combustion engine, improved car load economy and emission performance; When the electrokinetic cell electric weight was not enough, tandem drive vehicle during low speed to power battery charging, was kept electric quantity balancing by internal combustion engine drive the first electrical motor; Parallel drive vehicle during high speed, energy transfer efficiency is high, on the basis that guarantees the car load dynamic property, has further prolonged the continual mileage of vehicle.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system that adopts the planetary wheel two-speed transmission, be comprised of combustion engine, the first electrical motor, the second electrical motor, dual clutch transmission, sun and planet gear and gear shifting actuating mechanism, wherein gear shifting actuating mechanism comprises a shift clutch and a gearshift drg; Be characterised in that: the bent axle of combustion engine is connected with the housing of dual clutch transmission, the first clutch of dual clutch transmission is connected with sun and planet gear by transmission shaft, second clutch is connected with the first motor rotor, the second motor rotor can be connected wherein any one element of three elements to be connected with sun wheel, pinion carrier and the gear ring of sun and planet gear, and by the second element outputting power of wherein setting, by controlling wherein two gears of three-element state of kinematic motion realization.
Described combustion engine is to satisfy driving power that vehicle high-speed at the uniform velocity travels and the demand of electronic accessory horsepower.
The power of described the first electrical motor is used for cranking internal combustion engine, and satisfies electrokinetic cell SOC balance and electronic annex power requirement.
Described the second motor power (output) is by the decision of car load dynamic property, and one grade of sun and planet gear is satisfied the max. climb slope requirement, and second gear satisfies the maximum speed requirement.
Described the second motor rotor links to each other with the pinion carrier of sun and planet gear, and by the gear ring outputting power, when the locking sun wheel, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear is greater than 0.5 and be second gear less than 1; When sun wheel and pinion carrier were locked into one, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear equaled 1 and is one grade.
Described the second motor rotor links to each other with the gear ring of sun and planet gear, and by the pinion carrier outputting power, when the locking sun wheel, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear is one grade greater than 1 less than 2; When sun wheel and pinion carrier were locked into one, it was second gear that the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear equals 1.
Described the second motor rotor links to each other with the sun wheel of sun and planet gear, and by the pinion carrier outputting power, when the locking gear ring, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear is one grade greater than 2; When gear ring and pinion carrier were locked into one, it was second gear that the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear equals 1.
The combination of described dual clutch transmission first clutch is carried out transmission of power between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, and the dual clutch transmission first clutch separates, and transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine and the second electrical motor; The combination of described dual clutch transmission second clutch, carry out transmission of power between combustion engine and the first electrical motor, the dual clutch transmission second clutch separates, transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine and the first electrical motor, also can cancel second clutch, the first electrical motor becomes to be rigidly connected with the housing of dual clutch transmission.
Described power system comprises following mode of operation:
A) when cranking internal combustion engine, first clutch separates, and the second clutch combination is by the first motor starting combustion engine;
B) when vehicle start, first clutch separates, and transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, the independent forward drive of the second electrical motor, and power system is with electric-only mode work;
C) when low vehicle speeds or the efficiency of internal combustion engine were low, first clutch separated, and the second electrical motor drives separately vehicle.According to the electrokinetic cell dump energy, can be in conjunction with second clutch, by the generating of internal combustion engine drive the first electrical motor, power system is with series model work;
D) when vehicle suddenly gives it the gun, the first clutch combination, second clutch separates, and combustion engine and the second electrical motor drive vehicle simultaneously, and power system is with paralleling model work;
E) at the uniform velocity travel and efficiency of internal combustion engine when higher at vehicle, the first clutch combination is by IC engine-powered vehicles.According to the electrokinetic cell dump energy: can in conjunction with second clutch, by the generating of internal combustion engine drive the first electrical motor, realize the electrokinetic cell energy equilibrium; Also separable second clutch, the first electrical motor quits work, and reduces loss due to friction and the electromagnetism loss of the first electrical motor;
F) when car retardation travels or brakes, first clutch separates, and disconnects transmission of power between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, and the second electrical motor is to power battery charging;
G) when vehicle backing travels, first clutch separates, and disconnects transmission of power between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, and the second electrical motor works independently, and contrarotation drives vehicle.
Described combustion engine, dual clutch transmission and the first electrical motor can be cancelled, and power system is worked under electric-only mode always, are a kind of pure electric vehicle power system.
Good effect of the present invention is to adopt two-speed transmission, for the second electrical motor provides two transmitting ratios, reduces vehicle to the second motor torque demand, reduces the second electrical motor volume; The first electrical motor, the second electrical motor, two-speed transmission Integration Design make system architecture compacter, realize the lightweight of power system; Compare the same level hybrid vehicle, power of IC engine is little, the rate of load condensate of combustion engine when having improved Vehicle Driving Cycle; When the second clutch of dual clutch transmission separates, drive the rotation of the first electrical motor when preventing internal combustion engine drive, reduced loss due to friction and the electromagnetism loss of the first electrical motor, thereby improved the fuel economy of car load; When cancelling the second clutch of dual clutch transmission, the power system structure is compacter, can reduce integral vehicle cost.During low vehicle speeds, power system can be pure electronic or series model work; During high vehicle speeds, power system can be electric-only mode work, also can be in conjunction with first clutch, make driving engine participate in vehicular drive, this moment, the power system energy transfer efficiency was high, on the basis that guarantees the car load dynamic property, can further prolong the continual mileage of vehicle.Based on power system of the present invention, can cancel combustion engine, dual clutch transmission and the first electrical motor, power system is worked under electric-only mode always, the present invention develops into a kind of pure electric vehicle power system, and the dynamical system that can realize stroke-increasing electric automobile and pure electric automobile is platform altogether.
Description of drawings
Figure 1 shows that the second motor rotor links to each other with the pinion carrier of sun and planet gear, by the gear ring outputting power.
Figure 2 shows that the second motor rotor links to each other with the gear ring of sun and planet gear, by the pinion carrier outputting power.
Figure 3 shows that the second motor rotor links to each other with the sun wheel of sun and planet gear, by the pinion carrier outputting power.
Figure 4 shows that two kinds of working stages of power system.Wherein SOC is the state-of-charge of electrokinetic cell.SOC is high, illustrates that the electrokinetic cell electric weight is sufficient; SOC is low, illustrates that the electrokinetic cell electric weight is not enough.
The specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing: as shown in Figure 1, this range extended electric vehicle power system possesses: combustion engine 1, dual clutch transmission housing 2, first clutch 3, second clutch 4, gear ring 5, pinion carrier 6, sun wheel 7, friction lining 8, shift clutch 9, gearshift drg 10, the second motor rotors 11, the second motor stator 12, transmission device housing 13, transmission shaft 14, output shaft 15, the first motor stators 16, the first motor rotors 17.
The bent axle of combustion engine 1 is connected with the housing of dual clutch transmission 2.The first clutch 3 of dual clutch transmission is connected with sun and planet gear by transmission shaft 14, and second clutch 4 is connected with the first motor rotor 17.The second motor rotor 11 can any one element wherein such as be connected with gear ring 5, pinion carrier 6 and be connected with sun wheel, and by the second element outputting power of wherein setting, by control wherein three-element state of kinematic motion realize two gears.
As shown in Figure 1, the second motor rotor 11 links to each other with the pinion carrier 6 of sun and planet gear, by gear ring 5 outputting powers.When locking sun wheel 7, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear is greater than 0.5 and be second gear less than 1; When sun wheel (7) and pinion carrier 6 were locked into one, the transmitting ratio of planetary gear construction equaled 1 and is one grade.At this, pinion carrier 6 is the first element, and gear ring 5 is the second element of setting, and sun wheel 7 is three element.
As shown in Figure 2, the second motor rotor 11 links to each other with the gear ring 5 of sun and planet gear, by pinion carrier 6 outputting powers.When locking sun wheel 7, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear is one grade greater than 1 less than 2; When sun wheel 7 and pinion carrier 6 were locked into one, it was second gear that the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear equals 1.At this, gear ring 5 is the first element, and pinion carrier 6 is the second element of setting, and sun wheel 7 is three element.
As shown in Figure 3, the second motor rotor 11 links to each other with the sun wheel 7 of sun and planet gear, by pinion carrier 6 outputting powers.When locking gear ring 5, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear is one grade greater than 2; When gear ring 5 and pinion carrier 6 were locked into one, it was second gear that the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear equals 1.At this, sun wheel 7 is the first element, and pinion carrier 6 is the second element of setting, and gear ring 5 is three element.
Second clutch 4 combinations are carried out transmission of power between combustion engine 1 and the first motor rotor 17.Second clutch 4 separates, and transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine 1 and the first motor rotor 17.
First clutch 3 combinations are carried out transmission of power between combustion engine 1 and the second motor rotor 11.First clutch 3 separates, and transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine 1 and the second motor rotor 11.
As shown in Figure 4, according to power battery charged state (SOC), power system has two working stages: electric quantity consumption (CD) stage and electric weight are kept (CS) stage.
Power system keeps under (CS) stage mode of operation of power system such as following table 1 in electric quantity consumption (CD) stage and electric weight:
Mode of operation such as the table 2 of various parts under the different working modes:
When the electrokinetic cell electric weight was sufficient, system works was in the CD stage, and when the electrokinetic cell electric weight was reduced to a certain degree, system entered into the CS stage.
CD under the stage power system following several mode of operation is arranged: low speed electric-only mode, high speed electric-only mode, the independent drive pattern of high-speed internal combustion engine and high-speed joint drive pattern.CS under the stage power system following several mode of operation is arranged: low speed series model, high speed traveling power generation mode, the independent drive pattern of high-speed internal combustion engine and high-speed joint drive pattern.
Under the electric-only mode, combustion engine 1 quits work, and first clutch 3 separates, and the first electrical motor quits work, and the second electrical motor drives separately Vehicle Driving Cycle.
Under the series model, combustion engine 1 work, first clutch 3 separates, second clutch 4 combinations, the generating of the first electrical motor, the second electrical motor drives separately Vehicle Driving Cycle.
Under the driving power generation mode, combustion engine 1 work, first clutch 3 combinations, second clutch 4 combinations, the generating of the first electrical motor, the second electrical motor is with turning, and combustion engine 1 drives Vehicle Driving Cycle.Under the independent drive pattern of combustion engine, combustion engine 1 work, first clutch 3 combinations, second clutch 4 separates, and the first electrical motor quits work, and the second electrical motor is with turning, and combustion engine 1 drives Vehicle Driving Cycle.
Under the associating drive pattern, combustion engine 1 work, first clutch 3 combinations, second clutch 4 separates, and the first electrical motor quits work, and the second electrical motor and combustion engine 1 are united the driving Vehicle Driving Cycle.
In the concrete driving process of vehicle, the mode of operation of this power system is specific as follows:
A) when cranking internal combustion engine 1, first clutch 3 separates, and second clutch 4 combinations are by the first motor starting combustion engine 1;
B) when vehicle start, first clutch 3 separates, and transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine 1 and the second electrical motor, the independent forward drive of the second electrical motor, and power system is with electric-only mode work;
C) when low vehicle speeds or combustion engine 1 efficient are low, first clutch 3 separates, and the second electrical motor drives separately vehicle.According to the electrokinetic cell dump energy, can be in conjunction with second clutch 4, by the generating of internal combustion engine drive the first electrical motor, power system is with series model work;
D) when vehicle suddenly gives it the gun, first clutch 3 combinations, second clutch 4 separates, and combustion engine 1 and the second electrical motor drive vehicle simultaneously, and power system is with paralleling model work;
E) at the uniform velocity travel and combustion engine 1 efficient when higher at vehicle, first clutch 3 combinations drive vehicle by combustion engine 1.According to the electrokinetic cell dump energy: can drive the generating of the first electrical motor by combustion engine 1 in conjunction with second clutch 4, realize the electrokinetic cell energy equilibrium; Also separable second clutch 4, the first electrical motors quit work, and reduce loss due to friction and the electromagnetism loss of the first electrical motor;
F) when car retardation travels or brakes, first clutch 3 separates, and disconnects transmission of power between combustion engine 1 and the second electrical motor, and the second electrical motor is to power battery charging;
G) when vehicle backing travels, first clutch 3 separates, and disconnects transmission of power between combustion engine 1 and the second electrical motor, and the second electrical motor works independently, and contrarotation drives vehicle.
Claims (10)
1. range extended electric vehicle power system that adopts the planetary wheel two-speed transmission, be comprised of combustion engine, the first electrical motor, the second electrical motor, dual clutch transmission, sun and planet gear and gear shifting actuating mechanism, wherein gear shifting actuating mechanism comprises a shift clutch and a gearshift drg; Be characterised in that: the bent axle of combustion engine is connected with the housing of dual clutch transmission, the first clutch of dual clutch transmission is connected with sun and planet gear by transmission shaft, second clutch is connected with the first motor rotor, the second motor rotor can be connected wherein any one element of three elements to be connected with sun wheel, pinion carrier and the gear ring of sun and planet gear, and by the second element outputting power of wherein setting, by controlling wherein two gears of three-element state of kinematic motion realization.
2. the range extended electric vehicle power system of employing planetary wheel two-speed transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that described combustion engine is to satisfy driving power that vehicle high-speed at the uniform velocity travels and the demand of electronic accessory horsepower.
3. the range extended electric vehicle power system of employing planetary wheel two-speed transmission according to claim 1, the power that it is characterized in that described the first electrical motor are used for cranking internal combustion engine, and satisfy electrokinetic cell SOC balance and electronic annex power requirement.
4. the range extended electric vehicle power system of employing planetary wheel two-speed transmission according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described the second motor power (output) is determined by the car load dynamic property, one grade of sun and planet gear is satisfied the max. climb slope requirement, and second gear satisfies the maximum speed requirement.
5. the range extended electric vehicle power system of employing planetary wheel two-speed transmission according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described the second motor rotor links to each other with the pinion carrier of sun and planet gear, by the gear ring outputting power, when the locking sun wheel, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear is greater than 0.5 and be second gear less than 1; When sun wheel and pinion carrier were locked into one, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear equaled 1 and is one grade.
6. the range extended electric vehicle power system of employing planetary wheel two-speed transmission according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described the second motor rotor links to each other with the gear ring of sun and planet gear, by the pinion carrier outputting power, when the locking sun wheel, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear is one grade greater than 1 less than 2; When sun wheel and pinion carrier were locked into one, it was second gear that the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear equals 1.
7. the range extended electric vehicle power system of employing planetary wheel two-speed transmission according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described the second motor rotor links to each other with the sun wheel of sun and planet gear, by the pinion carrier outputting power, when the locking gear ring, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear is one grade greater than 2; When gear ring and pinion carrier were locked into one, it was second gear that the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear equals 1.
8. the range extended electric vehicle power system of employing planetary wheel two-speed transmission according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the combination of described dual clutch transmission first clutch, carry out transmission of power between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, the dual clutch transmission first clutch separates, and transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine and the second electrical motor; The combination of described dual clutch transmission second clutch, carry out transmission of power between combustion engine and the first electrical motor, the dual clutch transmission second clutch separates, transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine and the first electrical motor, also can cancel second clutch, the first electrical motor becomes to be rigidly connected with the housing of dual clutch transmission.
9. the range extended electric vehicle power system of employing planetary wheel two-speed transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that described power system comprises following mode of operation:
A) when cranking internal combustion engine, first clutch separates, and the second clutch combination is by the first motor starting combustion engine;
B) when vehicle start, first clutch separates, and transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, the independent forward drive of the second electrical motor, and power system is with electric-only mode work;
C) when low vehicle speeds or the efficiency of internal combustion engine were low, first clutch separated, and the second electrical motor drives separately vehicle;
C) according to the electrokinetic cell dump energy, can be in conjunction with second clutch, by the generating of internal combustion engine drive the first electrical motor, power system is with series model work;
D) when vehicle suddenly gives it the gun, the first clutch combination, second clutch separates, and combustion engine and the second electrical motor drive vehicle simultaneously, and power system is with paralleling model work;
E) at the uniform velocity travel and efficiency of internal combustion engine when higher at vehicle, the first clutch combination is by IC engine-powered vehicles;
E) according to the electrokinetic cell dump energy: can in conjunction with second clutch, by the generating of internal combustion engine drive the first electrical motor, realize the electrokinetic cell energy equilibrium; Also separable second clutch, the first electrical motor quits work, and reduces loss due to friction and the electromagnetism loss of the first electrical motor;
F) when car retardation travels or brakes, first clutch separates, and disconnects transmission of power between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, and the second electrical motor is to power battery charging;
G) when vehicle backing travels, first clutch separates, and disconnects transmission of power between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, and the second electrical motor works independently, and contrarotation drives vehicle.
10. the range extended electric vehicle power system of employing planetary wheel two-speed transmission according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described combustion engine, dual clutch transmission and the first electrical motor can cancel, power system is worked under electric-only mode always, is a kind of pure electric vehicle power system.
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| CN107082016A (en) * | 2016-02-16 | 2017-08-22 | 北京汽车动力总成有限公司 | A kind of continuous variable transmission assembly and automobile |
| CN107503851A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2017-12-22 | 无锡商业职业技术学院 | A kind of new automobile engine automatic start-stop device |
| CN108016267A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-11 | 聊城大学 | A kind of single motor coupler of pure electric vehicle |
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