CN203032364U - Range-extending type electromobile power system adopting planetary gear two-gear transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an extended-range electric vehicle power system adopting a planetary gear two-speed transmission, which is characterized in that: the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine is connected with the housing of a dual-clutch transmission device, and the first clutch of the dual-clutch transmission device is connected to the planetary transmission device through a transmission shaft. The gear mechanism is connected, the second clutch is connected with the first motor rotor, and the second motor rotor can be connected with any one of the three elements of the planetary gear mechanism, such as the sun gear, the planet carrier and the ring gear, and is set by the first The two components output power, and two gears are realized by controlling the motion state of the third component. When driving at low speed, the vehicle is mainly driven by the second electric motor, which avoids the low-speed and low-load operation of the engine, and improves the economy and emission of the vehicle; when driving at high speed, the power system works in parallel to drive the vehicle, with high energy transfer efficiency, ensuring the power of the vehicle On the basis of this, the driving range of the vehicle is further extended.

Description

A range-extended electric vehicle power system using a planetary gear two-speed transmission

technical field

The utility model relates to a range-extended electric vehicle power system adopting a planetary gear two-speed transmission, in particular to a range-extended electric vehicle power system which has an internal combustion engine and two electric motors and can be driven in parallel by the internal combustion engine and the electric motors. the

Background technique

Today, when energy conservation and environmental protection have become the development theme of the automobile industry, hybrid electric vehicles have become the focus of research by automobile manufacturers in various countries. A hybrid electric vehicle (Hybrid Electrical Vehicle, referred to as HEV) refers to a vehicle that is equipped with two power sources at the same time - a thermal power source (generated by a traditional gasoline engine or a diesel engine) and an electric power source (power battery and electric motor). Hybrid electric vehicles do not require external charging, and are electric vehicles with the engine as the main power source. Through hybrid functions such as engine idling shutdown, braking energy recovery, low-speed pure electric driving, driving power generation, driving assistance, and independent drive of the engine, the engine It can be flexibly regulated according to the actual operating conditions of the whole vehicle, and keep working in the area with the best comprehensive performance, thereby reducing fuel consumption and emissions. the

Compared with hybrid vehicles, pure electric vehicles (Battery Electric vehicles, referred to as BEVs) completely rely on electric motors to drive vehicles, and their energy sources come from the grid, achieving zero emissions, high energy efficiency, and low noise. However, limited by the current level of power battery technology, its energy density cannot meet the needs of vehicles, and the driving range of the vehicle is limited, which cannot meet the daily use requirements of users. the

In order to extend the mileage of pure electric vehicles, people add a high-efficiency internal combustion engine to the power system of electric vehicles. When the voltage of the power battery drops, it can drive the generator to provide power, so as to achieve the purpose of extending the mileage. This type of electric vehicle is called a Range-extended Electric Vehicle (REEV). According to the structure of the power system, the existing extended-range electric vehicles can be divided into series extended-range electric vehicles and hybrid extended-range electric vehicles. Series extended-range electric vehicles have great advantages in terms of cost increase (compared with traditional vehicles), and it is difficult to meet the vehicle performance requirements in the power maintenance stage, and the fuel economy at high speeds is also poor. The power and fuel consumption of hybrid extended-range electric vehicles are better than series extended-range electric vehicles in the power maintenance stage, but the power system is complex and the cost is high;

(1) Since the internal combustion engine of a traditional vehicle (or hybrid vehicle) needs to work in a low gear to meet the acceleration demand, its load rate is low and the load and speed change quickly, which affects the economy of the vehicle;

(2) In the existing hybrid configuration, the motor is mainly used to adjust the working area of the internal combustion engine, so that the internal combustion engine can work in the optimal economic range as much as possible. The power required to drive the vehicle is still mainly provided by the internal combustion engine, so the power of the internal combustion engine is very low. Large, affecting vehicle economy and emissions;

(3) In the existing hybrid configuration, there are generally two forms of the first electric motor, BSG (Belt Starter Generator) and ISG (Integrated Starter Generator), which are usually directly connected to the internal combustion engine, and the internal combustion engine will always drive them when it is working Rotation, which will not only produce mechanical friction loss, but also electromagnetic loss, which will affect the economy of the vehicle;

(4) Although pure electric vehicles can achieve zero fuel consumption and zero emissions, due to the limitations of the volume and energy density of power batteries, their driving range is very limited;

(5) For series extended-range electric vehicles, in the extended-range mode, there is a secondary conversion loss of energy that affects the economy of the vehicle.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide an extended-range electric vehicle power system using a two-speed planetary gear transmission, which adopts a low-power internal combustion engine and a high-power second electric motor; when the internal combustion engine is driven, it is prevented from driving the first electric motor The rotation reduces the friction and electromagnetic loss of the first motor, and provides two speed ratios for the second motor through the planetary gear mechanism. The power demand of the whole vehicle is met by the second motor, which reduces the power of the internal combustion engine and increases the load rate of the internal combustion engine. , improving the economy and emission of the vehicle; when the power battery is insufficient, the vehicle is driven in series at low speed, and the internal combustion engine drives the first electric motor to charge the power battery to maintain the power balance; when the vehicle is driven in parallel at high speed, the energy transfer efficiency is high. On the basis of ensuring the dynamic performance of the vehicle, the driving range of the vehicle is further extended. the

The technical scheme of the utility model is realized in the following way: a power system of an extended-range electric vehicle adopting a two-speed planetary gear transmission, which is executed by an internal combustion engine, a first electric motor, a second electric motor, a dual-clutch transmission device, a planetary gear mechanism, and a gearshift Mechanism composition, wherein the shift actuator includes a shift clutch and a shift brake; the feature is that the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine is connected to the housing of the dual-clutch transmission, and the first clutch of the dual-clutch transmission is connected to the planetary gear mechanism through the transmission shaft connection, the second clutch is connected with the first motor rotor, and the second motor rotor can be connected with any one of the three elements of the planetary gear mechanism, such as the sun gear, the planet carrier and the ring gear, and is set by the second element The power is output, and two gears are realized by controlling the motion state of the third element. the

The rotor of the second motor is connected with the planet carrier of the planetary gear mechanism, and the power is output through the ring gear. When the sun gear is locked, the transmission ratio of the planetary gear mechanism is greater than 0.5 and less than 1, which is the second gear; when the sun gear and the planet When the frame is locked as a whole, the transmission ratio of the planetary gear mechanism is equal to 1, which is the first gear. the

The rotor of the second motor is connected with the ring gear of the planetary gear mechanism, and the power is output through the planetary carrier. When the sun gear is locked, the transmission ratio of the planetary gear mechanism is greater than 1 and less than 2, that is, first gear; when the sun gear and the planetary carrier When locked together, the transmission ratio of the planetary gear mechanism is equal to 1, which is the second gear. the

The rotor of the second motor is connected with the sun gear of the planetary gear mechanism, and the power is output through the planetary carrier. When the ring gear is locked, the transmission ratio of the planetary gear mechanism is greater than 2, that is, the first gear; when the ring gear and the planetary carrier are locked together , the transmission ratio of the planetary gear mechanism is equal to 1, which is the second gear. the

The first clutch of the dual-clutch transmission is combined, power transmission is performed between the internal combustion engine and the second electric motor, the first clutch of the dual-clutch transmission is separated, and the power transmission between the internal combustion engine and the second electric motor is disconnected; the dual-clutch transmission The second clutch of the device is combined, and the power transmission is carried out between the internal combustion engine and the first electric motor. The second clutch of the dual clutch transmission is separated, and the power transmission between the internal combustion engine and the first electric motor is disconnected. The second clutch can also be cancelled, and the first electric motor and the dual clutch The housings of the clutch transmission are rigidly connected. the

The internal combustion engine, the dual-clutch transmission and the first electric motor can be eliminated, and the power system always works in a pure electric mode, which is a pure electric vehicle power system. the

The positive effect of the utility model is that a two-speed transmission is adopted to provide two transmission ratios for the second electric motor, which reduces the torque demand of the vehicle on the second electric motor and reduces the volume of the second electric motor; the first electric motor, the second electric motor and the two-speed transmission are integrated The optimized design makes the system structure more compact and realizes the light weight of the power system; compared with hybrid electric vehicles of the same level, the power of the internal combustion engine is small, which improves the load rate of the internal combustion engine when the vehicle is running; when the second clutch of the dual-clutch transmission is disengaged, it prevents When the internal combustion engine drives the first motor to rotate, the friction loss and electromagnetic loss of the first motor are reduced, thereby improving the fuel economy of the vehicle; when the second clutch of the dual-clutch transmission is canceled, the structure of the power system is more compact, which can reduce Vehicle cost. When the vehicle is running at low speed, the power system can work in pure electric or series mode; when the vehicle is running at high speed, the power system can work in pure electric mode, or it can be combined with the first clutch to make the engine participate in the driving of the vehicle. At this time, the energy transfer efficiency of the power system is High, on the basis of ensuring the dynamic performance of the vehicle, it can further extend the driving range of the vehicle. Based on the power system of the utility model, the internal combustion engine, dual-clutch transmission and the first electric motor can be eliminated, and the power system has been working in the pure electric mode. The utility model evolves into a pure electric vehicle power system, which can realize the extended-range electric vehicle Shared platform with the power system of pure electric vehicles. the

Description of drawings

Figure 1 shows that the rotor of the second motor is connected with the planet carrier of the planetary gear mechanism, and the power is output through the ring gear. the

Figure 2 shows that the rotor of the second motor is connected with the ring gear of the planetary gear mechanism, and the power is output through the planet carrier. the

Figure 3 shows that the rotor of the second motor is connected with the sun gear of the planetary gear mechanism, and the power is output through the planet carrier. the

Figure 4 shows two working stages of the power system. The SOC is the state of charge of the power battery. A high SOC means that the power of the power battery is sufficient; a low SOC means that the power of the power battery is insufficient. the

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described: as shown in Figure 1, this extended-range electric vehicle power system possesses: internal combustion engine 1, dual-clutch transmission housing 2, first clutch 3, second clutch 4, ring gear 5. Planet carrier 6, sun gear 7, friction plate 8, shift clutch 9, shift brake 10, second motor rotor 11, second motor stator 12, transmission mechanism housing 13, transmission shaft 14, output shaft 15, The first motor stator 16 and the first motor rotor 17 . the

The crankshaft of the internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the housing 2 of the dual clutch transmission. The first clutch 3 of the dual clutch transmission is connected to the planetary gear mechanism through the transmission shaft 14 , and the second clutch 4 is connected to the first motor rotor 17 . The second motor rotor 11 can be connected with any one of the three components such as the ring gear 5, the planet carrier 6 and the sun gear 7, and output power from the second component set therein, by controlling the motion state of the third component Achieve two gears. the

As shown in FIG. 1 , the rotor 11 of the second electric motor is connected with the planet carrier 6 of the planetary gear mechanism, and outputs power through the ring gear 5 . When the sun gear 7 is locked, the transmission ratio of the planetary gear mechanism is greater than 0.5 and less than 1, which is the second gear; Here, the planet carrier 6 is the first component, the ring gear 5 is the second component, and the sun gear 7 is the third component. the

As shown in FIG. 2 , the second motor rotor 11 is connected with the ring gear 5 of the planetary gear mechanism, and outputs power through the planet carrier 6 . When the sun gear 7 is locked, the transmission ratio of the planetary gear mechanism is greater than 1 and less than 2, which is the first gear; Here, the ring gear 5 is the first element, the planet carrier 6 is the set second element, and the sun gear 7 is the third element. the

As shown in FIG. 3 , the second motor rotor 11 is connected with the sun gear 7 of the planetary gear mechanism, and outputs power through the planet carrier 6 . When the ring gear 5 is locked, the transmission ratio of the planetary gear mechanism is greater than 2, that is, the first gear; when the ring gear 5 and the planet carrier 6 are locked together, the transmission ratio of the planetary gear mechanism is equal to 1, that is, the second gear. Here, the sun gear 7 is the first element, the planet carrier 6 is the set second element, and the ring gear 5 is the third element. the

The second clutch 4 is engaged, and power is transmitted between the internal combustion engine 1 and the first electric motor rotor 17 . The second clutch 4 is disengaged, and the power transmission between the internal combustion engine 1 and the rotor 17 of the first electric motor is disconnected. the

The first clutch 3 is engaged, and power is transmitted between the internal combustion engine 1 and the second electric motor rotor 11 . The first clutch 3 is disengaged, and the power transmission between the internal combustion engine 1 and the rotor 11 of the second electric motor is disconnected. the

As shown in Figure 4, according to the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery, the power system has two working phases: the power consumption (CD) phase and the power maintenance (CS) phase. the

When the power system is in the power consumption (CD) stage and the power maintenance (CS) stage, the working mode of the power system is shown in Table 1:

  

The working status of each component of the system in different working modes is shown in Table 2:

 

  When the power of the power battery is sufficient, the system works in the CD stage. When the power of the power battery drops to a certain level, the system enters the CS stage.

In the CD stage, the power system has the following working modes: low-speed pure electric mode, high-speed pure electric mode, high-speed internal combustion engine independent drive mode and high-speed combined drive mode. In the CS stage, the power system has the following working modes: low-speed series mode, high-speed driving power generation mode, high-speed internal combustion engine independent drive mode and high-speed combined drive mode. the

In the pure electric mode, the internal combustion engine 1 stops working, the first clutch 3 is disengaged, the first electric motor stops working, and the second electric motor alone drives the vehicle. the

In the series mode, the internal combustion engine 1 works, the first clutch 3 is disengaged, the second clutch 4 is engaged, the first electric motor generates electricity, and the second electric motor drives the vehicle alone. the

In the driving power generation mode, the internal combustion engine 1 works, the first clutch 3 is engaged, the second clutch 4 is engaged, the first electric motor generates electricity, the second electric motor rotates accordingly, and the internal combustion engine 1 drives the vehicle to travel. In the driving mode of the internal combustion engine alone, the internal combustion engine 1 works, the first clutch 3 is engaged, the second clutch 4 is disengaged, the first electric motor stops working, the second electric motor rotates, and the internal combustion engine 1 drives the vehicle. the

In the combined driving mode, the internal combustion engine 1 works, the first clutch 3 is engaged, the second clutch 4 is disengaged, the first electric motor stops working, and the second electric motor and the internal combustion engine 1 jointly drive the vehicle to travel. the

Claims (6)

1. stroke-increasing electric automobile power system that adopts the planetary gear two-shift change-speed box, be made up of combustion engine, first electrical motor, second electrical motor, dual clutch transmission, sun and planet gear and gearshift actuating unit, the actuating unit of wherein shifting gears comprises a shift clutch and a gearshift drg; Be characterised in that: the bent axle of combustion engine is connected with the housing of dual clutch transmission, the first clutch of dual clutch transmission is connected with sun and planet gear by transmission shaft, second clutch is connected with first motor rotor, second motor rotor can be connected with wherein any one element of three elements such as sun wheel, pinion carrier and gear ring of sun and planet gear, and by the second element outputting power of wherein setting, by controlling wherein two gears of three-element state of kinematic motion realization.

2. the stroke-increasing electric automobile power system of employing planetary gear two-shift change-speed box according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described second motor rotor links to each other with the pinion carrier of sun and planet gear, by the gear ring outputting power, when the locking sun wheel, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear is greater than 0.5 and less than 1 i.e. two retainings; When sun wheel and pinion carrier were locked into one, it was a retaining that the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear equals 1.

3. the stroke-increasing electric automobile power system of employing planetary gear two-shift change-speed box according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described second motor rotor links to each other with the gear ring of sun and planet gear, by the pinion carrier outputting power, when the locking sun wheel, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear namely one keeps off less than 2 greater than 1; When sun wheel and pinion carrier were locked into one, it was two retainings that the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear equals 1.

4. the stroke-increasing electric automobile power system of employing planetary gear two-shift change-speed box according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described second motor rotor links to each other with the sun wheel of sun and planet gear, by the pinion carrier outputting power, when the locking gear ring, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear namely one keeps off greater than 2; When gear ring and pinion carrier were locked into one, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear equaled 1 i.e. two retainings.

5. the stroke-increasing electric automobile power system of employing planetary gear two-shift change-speed box according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the combination of described dual clutch transmission first clutch, carry out transmission of power between combustion engine and second electrical motor, the dual clutch transmission first clutch separates, and transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine and second electrical motor; The combination of described dual clutch transmission second clutch, carry out transmission of power between combustion engine and first electrical motor, the dual clutch transmission second clutch separates, transmission of power disconnects between combustion engine and first electrical motor, also can cancel second clutch, first electrical motor becomes to be rigidly connected with the housing of dual clutch transmission.

6. the stroke-increasing electric automobile power system of employing planetary gear two-shift change-speed box according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described combustion engine, dual clutch transmission and first electrical motor can cancel, power system is worked under electric-only mode always, is a kind of pure electric automobile power system.

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