CN102848913B - A kind of range extended electric vehicle power system adopting planetary gearbox - Google Patents
A kind of range extended electric vehicle power system adopting planetary gearbox Download PDFInfo
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- CN102848913B CN102848913B CN201210346094.9A CN201210346094A CN102848913B CN 102848913 B CN102848913 B CN 102848913B CN 201210346094 A CN201210346094 A CN 201210346094A CN 102848913 B CN102848913 B CN 102848913B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system adopting planetary gearbox, it is characterized in that: the bent axle of combustion engine is connected with the housing of dual clutch transmission, the first clutch of dual clutch transmission is connected with sun and planet gear by transmission shaft, second clutch is connected with the first motor rotor, second motor rotor can with the sun wheel of sun and planet gear, pinion carrier is connected with wherein any one element of three elements such as gear ring, and by the second element outputting power wherein set, two gears are realized by the state of kinematic motion controlling wherein third element.Primarily of the second motor car during low speed driving, avoid low engine speed, underload work, improve car load economy and emission performance; When running at high speed, power system parallel running drives vehicle, and energy transfer efficiency is high, on the basis ensureing car load dynamic property, extends the continual mileage of vehicle further.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system adopting planetary gearbox, particularly there are combustion engine and two electrical motors, and the range extended electric vehicle power system of combustion engine and electrical motor parallel drive can be carried out.
Background technology
Become today of China Automobile Industry theme at energy saving standard, hybrid vehicle has become the object of automobile vendor of various countries primary study.Hybrid vehicle (HybridElectricalVehicle is called for short HEV) refers to the automobile simultaneously equipping two kinds of power resources-heat dynamic resources (being produced by traditional spark ignition engine or diesel engine) and electrodynamic source (electrokinetic cell and electrical motor).Hybrid vehicle does not need external charge; take driving engine as the electronlmobil of main power source; by hybrid power functions such as engine idle shutdown, Brake energy recovery, low speed pure motor driving, driving generating, driving power-assisted and driving engine drive separately; make driving engine can according to the actual operating mode flexible modulation of car load; work in the region remaining on Combination property the best, thus reduce oil consumption and discharge.
Compared with hybrid vehicle, pure electric automobile (BatteryElectricvehicle is called for short BEV) relies on motor car completely, and its energy source, from electrical network, achieves zero-emission, and efficiency is high, and noise is little.But limit by current driving force battery technology level, its energy density can't meet automobile-used demand, and car load continual mileage is limited, the requirement of user's routine use can not be met.
In order to extend the continual mileage of pure electric automobile, people add a high efficiency internal combustion engine in power system of electric automobile, and when electrokinetic cell voltage reduces, it can drive power electric generators, reaches the object of extending driving range with this.This kind of battery-driven car is called as stroke-increasing electric automobile (Range-extendedElectricVehicle is called for short REEV).According to power system architecture, the stroke-increasing electric automobile existed at present can be divided into series connection stroke boosting electronlmobil and series-parallel connection stroke-increasing electric automobile.It is comparatively large that series connection stroke boosting electronlmobil increases advantage in (comparing with traditional vehicle) at cost, and under electric quantity maintaining stage, dynamic property is difficult to meet vehicle performance requirement, and fuel economy of running at high speed is also poor.Series-parallel connection stroke-increasing electric automobile dynamic property and oil consumption under electric quantity maintaining stage are all better than series connection stroke boosting electronlmobil, but power system is complicated, cost is higher.There is following problem:
(1) because the combustion engine of traditional vehicle (or hybrid vehicle) needs to be operated in bottom gear with satisfied acceleration demand, the low and load of its rate of load condensate and rotation speed change fast, affect car load economy;
(2) in existing hybrid power configuration, motor is mainly used to the work area regulating combustion engine, thus make combustion engine as far as possible in the work of Optimum Economic interval, the power driving vehicle to need still provides primarily of combustion engine, therefore the power of combustion engine is very large, affects car load economy and emission performance;
(3) in existing hybrid power configuration, first motorjbrm generally has two kinds, and ISG (IntegratedStarterGenerator) BSG(BeltStarterGenerator), they are directly connected with combustion engine usually, can them be driven to rotate during internal combustion engine always, this not only can produce mechanical friction loss, also can produce electromagnetism loss, affect car load economy;
(4) although pure electric automobile can realize zero consumption of fuel and zero-emission, due to the volume of electrokinetic cell and the restriction of energy density, its continual mileage is very limited;
(5) series connection stroke boosting electronlmobil, under increasing journey pattern, there is energy secondary conversion loss, fuel economy is low.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system adopting planetary gearbox, it adopts the second electrical motor of the combustion engine of a miniwatt grade and a high-power grade, prevent drive first electrical motor from rotating when internal combustion engine drive, the friction and the electromagnetism that decrease the first electrical motor lose.By sun and planet gear for the second electrical motor provides two speed ratios, car load dynamic property demand is met by the second electrical motor, reduces the power of combustion engine, improves the rate of load condensate of combustion engine, improves car load fuel consumption and emission.When electrokinetic cell electricity is not enough, tandem drive vehicle during low speed, by internal combustion engine drive first electrical motor to power battery charging, maintains electric quantity balancing; Parallel drive vehicle during high speed, energy transfer efficiency is high, on the basis ensureing power performance, extends the continual mileage of vehicle further.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system adopting planetary gearbox, by combustion engine, first electrical motor, second electrical motor, dual clutch transmission, sun and planet gear and gear shifting actuating mechanism composition, wherein gear shifting actuating mechanism comprises a shift clutch and a gearshift drg, it is characterized in that: the bent axle of combustion engine is connected with the housing of dual clutch transmission, the first clutch of dual clutch transmission is connected with sun and planet gear by transmission shaft, second clutch is connected with the first motor rotor, second motor rotor can with the sun wheel of sun and planet gear, pinion carrier is connected with wherein any one element of three elements such as gear ring, and by the second element outputting power wherein set, two gears are realized by the state of kinematic motion controlling wherein third element.
Described combustion engine is used for meeting the demand of driving power that vehicle high-speed at the uniform velocity travels and electrical accessory consumed power.
The power of the first described electrical motor is used for starting combustion engine, and meets electrokinetic cell SOC balance and electrical accessory electrical energy demands.
The second described motor power (output) is determined by car load dynamic property, and one grade of sun and planet gear meets max. climb slope requirement, and second gear meets maximum speed requirement.
The second described motor rotor is connected with the pinion carrier of sun and planet gear, and by gear ring outputting power, when locking sun wheel, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear is greater than 0.5 and is less than 1 i.e. second gear; When making sun wheel and pinion carrier is locked into one, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear equals 1 that is one grade.
The second described motor rotor is connected with the gear ring of sun and planet gear, and by pinion carrier outputting power, when locking sun wheel, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear is greater than 1 and is less than 2 that is one grade; When making sun wheel and pinion carrier is locked into one, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear equals 1 i.e. second gear.
The second described motor rotor is connected with the sun wheel of sun and planet gear, and by pinion carrier outputting power, when locking gear ring, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear is greater than 2 that is one grade; When gear ring and pinion carrier are locked into one, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear equals 1 i.e. second gear.
The second described electrical motor can by one grade and second gear transmitting ratio outputting power, and combustion engine can only pass through second gear transmitting ratio outputting power.
Described dual clutch transmission first clutch combines, and carries out transmission of power between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, and dual clutch transmission first clutch is separated, and between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, transmission of power disconnects; Described dual clutch transmission second clutch combines, transmission of power is carried out between combustion engine and the first electrical motor, dual clutch transmission second clutch is separated, between combustion engine and the first electrical motor, transmission of power disconnects, also can cancel second clutch, the first electrical motor becomes to be rigidly connected with dual clutch transmission housing.
Described power system comprises following mode of operation:
A) when starting combustion engine, first clutch is separated, and second clutch combines, by the first motor starting combustion engine;
B) when vehicle start, first clutch is separated, and between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, transmission of power disconnects, the independent forward drive of the second electrical motor, and power system is with electric-only mode work;
C) low vehicle speeds or the efficiency of internal combustion engine lower time, first clutch be separated, the second electrical motor drives vehicle separately.According to electrokinetic cell dump energy, in conjunction with second clutch, can be generated electricity by internal combustion engine drive first electrical motor, realize power system with series model work;
D) when vehicle suddenly gives it the gun, first clutch combines, and second clutch is separated, and combustion engine and the second electrical motor drive vehicle simultaneously, and power system is with paralleling model work;
E) when vehicle at the uniform velocity travels and the efficiency of internal combustion engine is higher, first clutch combines, by IC engine-powered vehicles.According to electrokinetic cell dump energy: in conjunction with second clutch, can be generated electricity by internal combustion engine drive first electrical motor, realize electrokinetic cell energy equilibrium; Also separable second clutch, the first motor stall, the loss due to friction and the electromagnetism that reduce by the first electrical motor lose;
F) in car retardation traveling or when braking, first clutch is separated, and disconnect transmission of power between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, the second electrical motor is to power battery charging;
G) when vehicle backing travels, first clutch is separated, and disconnect transmission of power between combustion engine and the second electrical motor, the second electrical motor works independently, and contrarotation drives vehicle.
Described combustion engine, dual clutch transmission and the first electrical motor can be cancelled, and power system works always and is pure electric vehicle power system under electric-only mode.
Good effect of the present invention is to adopt two-speed transmission, for the second electrical motor provides two transmitting ratios, reduces vehicle to the second motor torque demand, reduces the second electrical motor volume; First electrical motor, the second electrical motor, two-speed transmission Integration Design, make system architecture compacter, realizes the lightweight of power system; Compare same level hybrid vehicle, power of IC engine is little, improves the rate of load condensate of combustion engine when vehicle travels; When the second clutch of dual clutch transmission is separated, prevent from during internal combustion engine drive, driving the first electrical motor to rotate, decrease loss due to friction and the electromagnetism loss of the first electrical motor, thus improve the fuel economy of car load; When cancelling second clutch, power system architecture is compacter, can reduce integral vehicle cost.During low vehicle speeds, power system can be pure electronic or series model work; During high vehicle speeds, power system can be electric-only mode work, also can in conjunction with first clutch, driving engine is made to participate in vehicular drive, now power system energy transfer efficiency is high, on the basis ensureing car load dynamic property, can extend the continual mileage of vehicle further.Based on power system of the present invention, combustion engine, dual clutch transmission and the first electrical motor can be cancelled, power system works always under electric-only mode, the present invention develops into a kind of pure electric vehicle power system, can realize the dynamical system altogether platform of stroke-increasing electric automobile and pure electric automobile.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1 shows that the second motor rotor is connected with the pinion carrier of sun and planet gear, by gear ring outputting power.
Figure 2 shows that the second motor rotor is connected with the gear ring of sun and planet gear, by pinion carrier outputting power.
Figure 3 shows that the second motor rotor is connected with the sun wheel of sun and planet gear, by pinion carrier outputting power.
Figure 4 shows that two kinds of working stages of power system.Wherein SOC is the state-of-charge of electrokinetic cell.SOC is high, illustrates that electrokinetic cell electricity is sufficient; SOC is low, illustrates that electrokinetic cell electricity is not enough.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described: as shown in Figure 1, a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system adopting planetary gearbox, by combustion engine 1, dual clutch transmission housing 2, first clutch 3, second clutch 4, gear ring 5, pinion carrier 6, sun wheel 7, friction lining 8,3rd power-transfer clutch 9, drg 10, the second motor rotor 11, second motor stator 12, transmission device housing 13, transmission shaft 14, output shaft 15, first motor stator 16, first motor rotor 17 forms.
The bent axle of combustion engine 1 is connected with the housing 2 of dual clutch transmission.The first clutch 3 of dual clutch transmission is connected with sun and planet gear by transmission shaft 14, and second clutch 4 is connected with the first motor rotor 17.Second motor rotor 11 can be connected with wherein any one element of three elements such as gear ring 5, pinion carrier 6 and sun wheel 7, and by the second element outputting power wherein set, realizes two gears by the state of kinematic motion controlling wherein third element.
As shown in Figure 1, the second motor rotor 11 is connected with the pinion carrier 6 of sun and planet gear, by gear ring 5 outputting power.When locking sun wheel 7, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear is less than 1 i.e. second gear; When making sun wheel 7 and pinion carrier 6 is locked into one, the transmitting ratio of planetary gear construction equals 1 that is one grade.At this, pinion carrier 6 is the first element, and gear ring 5 is the second element, and sun wheel 7 is third element.
As shown in Figure 2, the second motor rotor 11 is connected with the gear ring 5 of sun and planet gear, by pinion carrier 6 outputting power.When locking sun wheel 7, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear is greater than 1 and is less than 2 that is one grade; When making sun wheel 7 and pinion carrier 6 is locked into one, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear equals 1 i.e. second gear.At this, gear ring (5) is the first element, and pinion carrier 6 is the second element, and sun wheel 7 is third element.
As shown in Figure 3, the second motor rotor 11 is connected with the sun wheel 7 of sun and planet gear, by pinion carrier 6 outputting power.When locking gear ring 5, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear is greater than 2 that is one grade; When gear ring 5 and pinion carrier 6 are locked into one, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear equals 1 i.e. second gear.At this, sun wheel 7 is the first element, and pinion carrier 6 is the second element, and gear ring 5 is third element.
Second clutch 4 combines, and carries out transmission of power between combustion engine 1 and the first motor rotor 17.Second clutch 4 is separated, and between combustion engine 1 and the first motor rotor 17, transmission of power disconnects.
First clutch 3 combines, and carries out transmission of power between combustion engine 1 and the second motor rotor 11.First clutch 3 is separated, and between combustion engine 1 and the second motor rotor 11, transmission of power disconnects.
As shown in Figure 4, according to power battery charged state (SOC), power system has two working stages: electric quantity consumption (CD) stage and electricity maintain (CS) stage.When electrokinetic cell electricity is sufficient, system works is in the CD stage, and when electrokinetic cell electricity is reduced to a certain degree, system enters into the CS stage.Under the CD stage, power system has following several mode of operation: low speed electric-only mode, high speed electric-only mode, the independent drive pattern of high-speed internal combustion engine and high-speed joint drive pattern.Under the CS stage, power system has following several mode of operation: low speed series model, high speed traveling power generation mode, the independent drive pattern of high-speed internal combustion engine and high-speed joint drive pattern are as shown in the table.
Under electric-only mode, combustion engine 1 quits work, and first clutch 3 is separated, the first motor stall, and the second electrical motor drives separately vehicle to travel.
Under series model, combustion engine 1 works, and first clutch 3 is separated, and second clutch 4 combines, and the first electrical motor generating, the second electrical motor drives separately vehicle to travel.
Under driving power generation mode, combustion engine 1 works, and first clutch 3 combines, and second clutch 4 combines, and the first electrical motor generating, the second electrical motor is with turning, and combustion engine 1 drives vehicle to travel.
Under the independent drive pattern of combustion engine, combustion engine 1 works, and first clutch 3 combines, and second clutch 4 is separated, the first motor stall, and the second electrical motor is with turning, and combustion engine 1 drives vehicle to travel.
Under associating drive pattern, combustion engine 1 works, and first clutch 3 combines, and second clutch 4 is separated, the first motor stall, and the second electrical motor and combustion engine 1 are combined driving vehicle and travelled.
In the concrete driving process of vehicle, the mode of operation of this power system is specific as follows:
A) when starting combustion engine 1, first clutch 3 is separated, and second clutch 4 combines, by the first motor starting combustion engine 1;
B) when vehicle start, first clutch 3 is separated, and between combustion engine 1 and the second electrical motor, transmission of power disconnects, the independent forward drive of the second electrical motor, and power system is with electric-only mode work;
C) low vehicle speeds or combustion engine 1 efficiency lower time, first clutch 3 is separated, and the second electrical motor drives vehicle separately.According to electrokinetic cell dump energy, in conjunction with second clutch 4, the first electrical motor can be driven to generate electricity by combustion engine 1, realizes power system with series model work;
D) when vehicle suddenly gives it the gun, first clutch 3 combines, and second clutch 4 is separated, and combustion engine 1 and the second electrical motor drive vehicle simultaneously, and power system is with paralleling model work;
E) when vehicle at the uniform velocity travels and combustion engine 1 efficiency is higher, first clutch 3 combines, and drives vehicle by combustion engine 1.According to electrokinetic cell dump energy: in conjunction with second clutch 4, the first electrical motor can be driven to generate electricity by combustion engine 1, realize electrokinetic cell energy equilibrium; Also separable second clutch 4, first motor stall, the loss due to friction and the electromagnetism that reduce by the first electrical motor lose;
F) to travel or when braking, first clutch 3 is separated at car retardation, disconnect transmission of power between combustion engine 1 and the second electrical motor, the second electrical motor is to power battery charging;
G) when vehicle backing travels, first clutch 3 is separated, and disconnect transmission of power between combustion engine 1 and the second electrical motor, the second electrical motor works independently, and contrarotation drives vehicle.
Claims (3)
1. one kind adopts the range extended electric vehicle power system of planetary gearbox, by combustion engine, first electrical motor, second electrical motor, dual clutch transmission, sun and planet gear and gear shifting actuating mechanism composition, wherein gear shifting actuating mechanism comprises a shift clutch and a gearshift drg, the bent axle of combustion engine is connected with the housing of dual clutch transmission, the first clutch of dual clutch transmission is connected with sun and planet gear by transmission shaft, second clutch is connected with the first motor rotor, second motor rotor can with the sun wheel of sun and planet gear, wherein any one element of pinion carrier and gear ring three elements is connected, and by the second element outputting power wherein set, two gears are realized by the state of kinematic motion controlling wherein third element, the second described electrical motor is by two gear outputting powers, and combustion engine is by means of only a gear outputting power, it is characterized in that: the second motor rotor is connected with the pinion carrier of sun and planet gear, by gear ring outputting power, when locking sun wheel, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear is greater than 0.5 and is less than 1 and is two gears, when making sun wheel and pinion carrier is locked into one, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear equals 1 and is a gear.
2. a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system adopting planetary gearbox according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the second described motor rotor is connected with the gear ring of sun and planet gear, by pinion carrier outputting power, when locking sun wheel, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear is greater than 1 and is less than 2 and is a gear; When making sun wheel and pinion carrier is locked into one, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear equals 1 and is two gears.
3. a kind of range extended electric vehicle power system adopting planetary gearbox according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the second described motor rotor is connected with the sun wheel of sun and planet gear, by pinion carrier outputting power, when locking gear ring, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear is greater than 2 and is a gear; When gear ring and pinion carrier are locked into one, the transmitting ratio of sun and planet gear equals 1 and is two gears.
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| CN201210346094.9A CN102848913B (en) | 2012-09-18 | 2012-09-18 | A kind of range extended electric vehicle power system adopting planetary gearbox |
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| CN102848913B true CN102848913B (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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| CN102874094B (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2016-03-02 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of range extended electric vehicle power system adopting planetary wheel two-speed transmission |
| CN103978882B (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2016-08-17 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | The power transmission of motor vehicle driven by mixed power |
| CN103978883B (en) * | 2014-06-06 | 2017-04-05 | 重庆大学 | The range extended electric vehicle power system combined with planetary gear using double clutches |
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| CN112140857B (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2024-05-10 | 宇通客车股份有限公司 | Pure electric vehicle and electric drive power system thereof |
| DE102019117758A1 (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2021-01-07 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Hybrid transmission with integrated air conditioning compressor for a motor vehicle; as well as motor vehicle |
| CN112297820B (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2022-08-12 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Hybrid power system |
| CN113357326B (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2023-07-18 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Two keep off four drive torque management system and vehicle |
| CN113335044A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-09-03 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Power system of electric automobile with double transmissions and control method thereof |
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