CN103241123A - Hybrid transmission device for urban buses - Google Patents
Hybrid transmission device for urban buses Download PDFInfo
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- CN103241123A CN103241123A CN2013101762188A CN201310176218A CN103241123A CN 103241123 A CN103241123 A CN 103241123A CN 2013101762188 A CN2013101762188 A CN 2013101762188A CN 201310176218 A CN201310176218 A CN 201310176218A CN 103241123 A CN103241123 A CN 103241123A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle transmission and particularly relates to a hybrid transmission device. According to the technical scheme of the hybrid transmission device for urban buses, the hybrid transmission device for the urban buses comprises an engine, a coupling, a clutch, a power splitting bus, a power converging bus, a first brake, a second brake, a double-rotor motor, a third brake, an output shaft, an input shaft, an energy storing device and an integrated controller. According to the hybrid transmission device for the urban buses, a planetary gear train is utilized as an implementing device of a power splitting mechanism, the engine outputs power to a certain component of the planetary gear train, the planetary gear train, by a fixed proportion, outputs one portion of torque through the power splitting bus directly and distributes the other portion of the torque to an inner motor of the double-rotor motor to drive the inner motor to generate electricity, an outer motor converts input electric energy into mechanical energy, and the mechanical energy is output after superposed with torque of the output shaft by utilizing the power converging bus, so that the size of the motor is reduced; and multiple modes can be achieved through the integrated controller, and the advantages of electric transmission and mechanical transmission can be fully taken advantages of.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the system of vehicle transmission technical field, be specifically related to a kind of hybrid transmissions.
Background technology
Traditional be in the vehicle design of propulsion source with the combustion engine, mainly be to guarantee enough dynamic property and good fuel economy by more number of gear is set.And for the vehicle that adopts hybrid power, adopt electrical motor and driving engine as engine installation simultaneously, make two kinds of engine installation cooperation by closed-center system (power battery pack etc.) and control system, the realization optimum capacity distributes, reach low energy consumption and low emission performance, particularly at the city road of crowded traffic, fuel saving ratio can improve greatly.
Compare and miniwatt car hybrid transmissions, urban public traffic vehicles need adopt more high-performance electrical generator and electrical motor usually, how under the situation that guarantees urban public traffic vehicles dynamic property and economy, reduce electrical generator and power of electric motor demand, reducing the cost, is a hybrid-power bus technical issues that need to address.
Double-rotor machine is integrated in a motor with electrical motor and the electrical generator of conventional hybrid power vehicle, and motor and outer motor greatly reduce space requirement in being divided into, and have improved power density.Adopt the hybrid transmissions of double-rotor machine can realize infinite speed variation, optimize engine behavior, make vehicle obtain best tractive performance and fuel-economy performance, under power battery pack cooperates, can realize many operational modes, as electric model, combination drive pattern, braking energy take-back model, external powering mode, the auxiliary aero mode of battery etc.With respect to small passenger car, urban public traffic vehicles needs wideer gear range, starts and the pattern of running at high speed to satisfy low speed high torque.Driving engine adds the hybrid power transmission of the direct output of double-rotor machine under the prerequisite of certain power of motor, and the transmitting ratio setting range that can realize is difficult to satisfy the requirement of city bus.The solution route of transmission: improve the power grade of motor on the one hand, this can bring large volume weight and cost; On the other hand, keep the power of motor grade constant, increase gear by the series connection change speed gear box, enlarge gear range, but double-rotor machine also needs to transmit whole power and the torque of driving engine, need high-power double-rotor machine parts.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is: a kind of hybrid transmissions that is applicable to many operational modes that 20 tonnes of urban public traffic vehicles are used is provided, satisfy city bus and power drive system is exported the requirement of big torque and wide speed range, improve bus starting, traction, acceleration capability, optimize engine behavior, improve dynamic property and fuel economy.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: the automobile-used hybrid transmissions of a kind of city bus, it is characterized in that it comprises: driving engine, coupler, power-transfer clutch, power dividing row, power flow concentration row, first drg, second drg, double-rotor machine, the 3rd drg, output shaft, input shaft, closed-center system and general controller;
Driving engine is diesel motor, and it is by coupler, with transmission of power to input shaft;
The power dividing package is drawn together: twin-stage sun and planet gear K1, single-stage planetary gear mechanism K2, pinion carrier A and gear ring, long satellite gear and short satellite gear; Twin-stage sun and planet gear K1 and single-stage planetary gear mechanism K2 common planet carrier A and gear ring; Short satellite gear, long satellite gear are installed on pinion carrier A, the sun wheel A engagement of short satellite gear and twin-stage sun and planet gear K1, long satellite gear are meshed with the sun wheel A of short satellite gear, gear ring, twin-stage sun and planet gear K1 and the sun wheel B of single-stage planetary gear mechanism K2 simultaneously;
Power flow concentration row K3 comprises: pinion carrier C, gear ring C, satellite gear and sun wheel C; Satellite gear is installed on the pinion carrier C, and meshes with gear ring C, sun wheel C;
Double-rotor machine is permanent magnet synchronous type, can be used as electrical motor or electrical generator and uses, and it comprises: internal rotor, outer rotor and stator; Motor in internal rotor and stator are formed, outer rotor and internal rotor are formed outer motor, and internal rotor links to each other with the sun wheel A of twin-stage sun and planet gear K1, and outer rotor links to each other with the sun wheel C of power flow concentration row K3; Internal rotor, stator link to each other with general controller by lead, and general controller links to each other with closed-center system by lead;
General controller is controlled driving engine, first drg, second drg, the 3rd drg and power-transfer clutch;
Input shaft connects power dividing row's gear ring, gear ring by power-transfer clutch with transmission of power to output shaft, output shaft links to each other with the pinion carrier C of power flow concentration row K3;
The sun wheel B of first drg braking single-stage planetary gear mechanism K2, the sun wheel A of second drg braking twin-stage sun and planet gear K1, the gear ring of the 3rd drg B.P. bus duct K3.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention transmits engine power jointly by mechanical horsepower and power of motor, thereby reduces the power grade of motor by the principle of compound transmission power shunting;
(1) adopt planet circular system as the implement device of power dividing mechanism, the a certain member of engine power output valve planet circular system, planet circular system is pressed fixed proportion with moment of torsion, a part is output directly, another part is distributed to motor in the double-rotor machine, interior electric power generation, outer motor changes the electric energy of input into mechanical energy, utilizes power flow concentration row and output torque stack back output.By the design of rational coupling, can reduce the torque that the inside and outside motor of double-rotor machine bears, namely be conducive to reduce the size of motor;
(2) utilize general controller to the coordination control of drg, double-rotor machine, power-transfer clutch, driving engine, can realize various modes, can take full advantage of the moving and mechanically operated advantage of fax; The anti-fire an engine that drags of motor in utilizing has simultaneously omitted engine starter;
(3) under starting, middle low speed operating mode, adopted planet circular system and double-rotor machine shunting transmission, power is divided into the two-way transmission, has reduced the power of double-rotor machine and the demand of torque, has realized the function of stepless transmission, has improved fuel economy; Comparing with traditional hydraulic machine has gear stage, has reduced the gearshift number of times, has improved ride comfort.In addition by the shunting transmission, mechanical transfer part power, driving efficiency when having improved the low speed of driving device than the hydraulic machine transmission.When frequent deceleration and braking, can utilize outer motor to play effect slow and that braking potential reclaims;
(4) operating mode of running at high speed adopts three fixed speed ratios, satisfies the demand of the efficient transmission of high-speed working condition, and can realize parallel combination drive, and double-rotor machine only plays a role in shift process.Reversing can utilize the counter-rotating of the outer motor of double-rotor machine to realize that this has also simplified the structure of speed changing structure;
(5) input shaft, output shaft, motor, power-transfer clutch, drg and planet row can coaxial arrangement, saves the space, improves power density.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the scheme drawing of driving device of the present invention;
When Fig. 2 is the braking of the 3rd drg, be used for realizing the scheme drawing of pure electric drive mode;
When Fig. 3 is the braking of first drg, be used for realizing the anti-scheme drawing that drags the fire an engine function of interior motor of double-rotor machine;
Fig. 4 is starting or during middle low cruise, is used for realizing the scheme drawing of outer motor combination drive pattern of interior electric power generation, driving engine and the double-rotor machine of double-rotor machine;
When Fig. 5 is the braking of first drg or the braking of second drg, be used for the scheme drawing of the pure Mechanical Driven pattern of the fixing shelves 1 of realization, fixing shelves 3;
When Fig. 6 is the power-transfer clutch joint, be used for the scheme drawing of the pure Mechanical Driven pattern of the fixing shelves 2 of realization;
When Fig. 7 is the braking of first drg, be used for realizing the power generation in parking pattern;
When Fig. 8 is the braking of the 3rd drg, be used for the brake snub power generation mode;
When Fig. 9 is the braking of the 3rd drg, be used for realizing reversing mode;
Wherein, 1-driving engine, 2-coupler, 3-power-transfer clutch, 5-first drg, 6-second drg, 7-double-rotor machine, 8-gear ring C, 9-satellite gear, 10-pinion carrier C, 11-output shaft, 12-sun wheel C, 13-the 3rd drg, 14-internal rotor, 15-outer rotor, 16-stator, 17-sun wheel B, the long satellite gear of 18-, 19-gear ring, the short satellite gear of 20-pinion carrier A, 21-, 22-sun wheel A, 23-input shaft, 24-closed-center system, 27-general controller.
The specific embodiment
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, the automobile-used hybrid transmissions of a kind of city bus, it comprises: driving engine 1, coupler 2, power-transfer clutch 3, power dividing row, power flow concentration row, first drg 5, second drg 6, double-rotor machine 7, the 3rd drg 13, output shaft 11, input shaft 23, closed-center system 24 and general controller 27;
The power dividing package is drawn together: twin-stage sun and planet gear K1, single-stage planetary gear mechanism K2, pinion carrier A20 and gear ring 19, long satellite gear 18 and short satellite gear 21; Twin-stage sun and planet gear K1 and single-stage planetary gear mechanism K2 common planet carrier A20 and gear ring 19; Short satellite gear 21, long satellite gear 18 are installed on pinion carrier A20, weak point satellite gear 21 meshes with the sun wheel A22 of twin-stage sun and planet gear K1, and long satellite gear 18 meshes with the sun wheel A22 of short satellite gear 21, gear ring 19, twin-stage sun and planet gear K1 and the sun wheel B17 of single-stage planetary gear mechanism K2 simultaneously;
Power flow concentration row K3 comprises: pinion carrier C10, gear ring C8, satellite gear 9 and sun wheel C12; Satellite gear 9 is installed on the pinion carrier C10, and meshes with gear ring C8, sun wheel C12;
Double-rotor machine 7 is permanent magnet synchronous type, can be used as electrical motor or electrical generator and uses, and it comprises: internal rotor 14, outer rotor 15 and stator 16; Motor in internal rotor 14 is formed with outer rotor 15, outer rotor 15 is formed outer motor with stator 16, and internal rotor 14 links to each other with the sun wheel A22 of twin-stage sun and planet gear K1, and outer rotor 15 links to each other with the sun wheel C12 of power flow concentration row K3; Internal rotor 14, stator 16 link to each other with general controller 27 by lead, and general controller 27 links to each other with closed-center system 24 by lead;
27 pairs of driving engines 1 of general controller, first drg 5, second drg 6, the 3rd drg 13 and power-transfer clutch 3 are controlled; First drg 5, second drg 6, the 3rd drg 13 are wet multi-disk brake, and described power-transfer clutch 3 is multi-disc wet clutch.
The sun wheel B17 of first drg, 5 braking single-stage planetary gear mechanism K2, the sun wheel A22 of second drg, 6 braking twin-stage sun and planet gear K1, the gear ring 8 of the 3rd drg 13 B.P. bus duct K3.
Fig. 2 to Fig. 9 realizes different mode of operation and function by different control with operation for power flow concentration row K3, and the scheme drawing that power flows under every kind of mode of operation.
Figure 2 shows that electric-only mode, when being used for starting or the enforcement of the low speed below 30km/h operating mode, consider that mainly engine load is lower when low speed, fuel economy is lower, and the electric power of utilizing outer motor to absorb closed-center system 24 drives separately; Described general controller 27 starts electric-only mode, i.e. the 3rd drg 13 brakings, and outer motor is in electric motor state, and the energy in the closed-center system 24 is converted into mechanical horsepower by outer motor, through being exported by output shaft 11 behind the power flow concentration K3 of mechanism.
Electric motor starting machine pattern in Figure 3 shows that, when needing fire an engine 1, electric motor starting machine pattern in described general controller 27 starts, i.e. first drg, 5 brakings, internal rotor 14 counter-rotatings by motor in controlling drag driving engine 1 starting, and interior motor is as the energy in the electrical motor absorption closed-center system 24.
Figure 4 shows that the combination drive pattern, when being used for the low speed enforcement operating mode below starting or the 0-40km/h, described general controller 27 starts the combination drive pattern, i.e. first drg 5 and the 3rd drg 13 Associated brakes, the mechanical horsepower that driving engine 1 sends is shunted by diversion mechanism, and a part is delivered to output shaft 11 by diversion mechanism gear ring 19, long satellite gear 18, pinion carrier 20; Another part is delivered to double-rotor machine internal rotor 14 by the sun wheel A22 of diversion mechanism gear ring 19, long satellite gear 18, short satellite gear 21, twin-stage sun and planet gear K1, electric power generation in driving, interior machine operation is in the electrical generator state, and the electric power of sending is absorbed by closed-center system 24; Outer motor works in the energy that electric motor state absorbs closed-center system 24, and the mechanical horsepower of outer rotor 15 outputs is confluxed with the mechanical horsepower of driving engine by sun wheel C12, satellite gear 9, the pinion carrier 10 of power flow concentration row K3 and exported jointly by output shaft 11.This pattern can satisfy starting, low-medium speed driving cycle, realizes stepless transmission agency, and this condition automobile scooter 40km/h does not need gearshift, can improve the traveling comfort of the traveling comfort, particularly standing passenger of city bus.Simultaneously under this operating mode, double-rotor machine 7 is isolated driving engine 1 and wheel limit load, optimize engine behavior by controlling inside and outside rotating speed of motor and torque, driving engine is worked on the optimum work fuel oil consumption curve, to improve fuel economy all the time.When deceleration or braking, can utilize outer motor to play effect slow and that braking energy reclaims.
Fig. 5, Figure 6 shows that pure mechanical mode, when the high-speed working condition that is used for greater than 40km/h, described general controller 27 starts pure mechanical mode, i.e. first drg, 5 brakings realize machinery shelves A, and its transmitting ratio is 1.5; When power-transfer clutch 3 engages, realize machinery shelves B, its transmitting ratio is 1; During 6 brakings of second drg, realize machinery shelves C, its transmitting ratio is 0.75.
Fig. 7 is the power generation in parking pattern, during Parking, described general controller 27 starts power generation mode, i.e. first drg, 5 brakings, the sun wheel A22 of the power dividing row's that driving engine 1 sends gear ring 19, long satellite gear 18, short satellite gear 21, twin-stage sun and planet gear K1 is delivered to the internal rotor 14 of double-rotor machine 7, electric power generation in driving, interior machine operation are in the electrical generator state, and the electric power of sending is absorbed by closed-center system 24.
Fig. 8 is the brake snub power generation mode, when bus slows down, considers that public transit vehicle needs brake snub frequently, therefore when bus slows down, this driving device whole process can utilize outer motor to generate electricity under generator mode, plays the function of retarder, reclaims braking energy.Described general controller 27 starts the brake snub power generation mode, i.e. the 3rd drg 13 brakings, and the outer rotor 16 of double-rotor machine 7 drives outer motor generating, and outer motor works in the electrical generator state, and the electrical power storage of sending is in closed-center system 24.
Fig. 9 is pure electronic reversing mode, and when bus was moveed backward, described general controller 27 started reversing mode, is about to outer rotor 16 counter-rotatings of double-rotor machine 7.
Claims (9)
1. automobile-used hybrid transmissions of city bus, it is characterized in that it comprises: driving engine (1), coupler (2), power-transfer clutch (3), power dividing row, power flow concentration row, first drg (5), second drg (6), double-rotor machine (7), the 3rd drg (13), output shaft (11), input shaft (23), closed-center system (24) and general controller (27);
Driving engine (1) is diesel motor, and it is by coupler (2), with transmission of power to input shaft (23);
The power dividing package is drawn together: twin-stage sun and planet gear K1, single-stage planetary gear mechanism K2, pinion carrier A(20) and gear ring (19), long satellite gear (18) and short satellite gear (21); Twin-stage sun and planet gear K1 and single-stage planetary gear mechanism K2 common planet carrier A(20) and gear ring (19); Short satellite gear (21), long satellite gear (18) are installed on pinion carrier A(20), the sun wheel A(22 of short satellite gear (21) and twin-stage sun and planet gear K1) engagement, long satellite gear (18) simultaneously with the sun wheel A(22 of short satellite gear (21), gear ring (19), twin-stage sun and planet gear K1) and the sun wheel B(17 of single-stage planetary gear mechanism K2) mesh;
Power flow concentration row K3 comprises: pinion carrier C(10), gear ring C(8), satellite gear (9) and sun wheel C(12); Satellite gear (9) is installed on pinion carrier C(10) on, and with gear ring C(8), sun wheel C(12) engagement;
Double-rotor machine (7) is permanent magnet synchronous type, can be used as electrical motor or electrical generator and uses, and it comprises: internal rotor (14), outer rotor (15) and stator (16); Motor in internal rotor (14) is formed with outer rotor (15), outer rotor (15) is formed outer motor with stator (16), the sun wheel A(22 of internal rotor (14) and twin-stage sun and planet gear K1) link to each other the sun wheel C(12 of outer rotor (15) and power flow concentration row K3) link to each other; Internal rotor (14), stator (16) link to each other with general controller (27) by lead, and general controller (27) links to each other with closed-center system (24) by lead;
General controller (27) is controlled driving engine (1), first drg (5), second drg (6), the 3rd drg (13) and power-transfer clutch (3);
Input shaft (23) connects power dividing row's gear ring (19), gear ring (19) by power-transfer clutch (3) with transmission of power to output shaft (11), output shaft (11) and power flow concentration are arranged the pinion carrier C(10 of K3) link to each other;
The sun wheel B(17 of first drg (5) braking single-stage planetary gear mechanism K2), the sun wheel A(22 of second drg (6) braking twin-stage sun and planet gear K1), the gear ring (8) of the 3rd drg (13) B.P. bus duct K3.
2. the automobile-used hybrid transmissions of a kind of city bus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when being used for starting or the enforcement of the low speed below 30km/h operating mode, described general controller (27) starts electric-only mode, i.e. the 3rd drg (13) braking, outer motor is in electric motor state, and the energy in the closed-center system (24) is converted into mechanical horsepower by outer motor, through being exported by output shaft (11) behind the power flow concentration K3 of mechanism.
3. the automobile-used hybrid transmissions of a kind of city bus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when needing fire an engine (1), electric motor starting machine pattern in described general controller (27) starts, i.e. first drg (5) braking, internal rotor (14) counter-rotating by motor in controlling drags driving engine (1) starting, and interior motor absorbs energy in the closed-center system (24) as electrical motor.
4. the automobile-used hybrid transmissions of a kind of city bus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when being used for starting or the enforcement of the low speed below 0-40km/h operating mode, described general controller (27) starts the combination drive pattern, i.e. first drg (5) and the 3rd drg (13) Associated brake, the mechanical horsepower that driving engine (1) sends is shunted by diversion mechanism, and a part is delivered to output shaft (11) by diversion mechanism gear ring (19), long satellite gear (18), pinion carrier (20); Another part is by the sun wheel A(22 of diversion mechanism gear ring (19), long satellite gear (18), short satellite gear (21), twin-stage sun and planet gear K1) be delivered to double-rotor machine internal rotor (14), electric power generation in driving, interior machine operation is in the electrical generator state, and the electric power of sending is absorbed by closed-center system (24); Outer motor works in the energy that electric motor state absorbs closed-center system (24), and the mechanical horsepower of outer rotor (15) output is by the sun wheel C(12 of power flow concentration row K3), satellite gear (9), pinion carrier (10) conflux by the common output of output shaft (11) with the mechanical horsepower of driving engine.
5. the automobile-used hybrid transmissions of a kind of city bus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when the high-speed working condition that is used for greater than 40km/h, described general controller (27) starts pure mechanical mode, realize three mechanical gears, the transmitting ratio of three mechanical gears is respectively: 1.5,1 and 0.75; Realize by first drg (5) braking, power-transfer clutch (3) joint, second drg (6) braking respectively.
6. the automobile-used hybrid transmissions of a kind of city bus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when Parking, described general controller (27) starts power generation mode, i.e. first drg (5) braking, the power that driving engine (1) sends is through power dividing row's gear ring (19), long satellite gear (18), short satellite gear (21), the sun wheel A(22 of twin-stage sun and planet gear K1) is delivered to the internal rotor (14) of double-rotor machine (7), electric power generation in driving, interior machine operation is in the electrical generator state, and the electric power of sending is absorbed by closed-center system (24).
7. the automobile-used hybrid transmissions of a kind of city bus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when bus slows down, described general controller (27) starts the brake snub power generation mode, i.e. the 3rd drg (13) braking, the outer rotor (16) of double-rotor machine (7) drives outer motor generating, and outer motor works in the electrical generator state, and the electrical power storage of sending is in closed-center system (24).
8. the automobile-used hybrid transmissions of a kind of city bus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that when bus was moveed backward, described general controller (27) started reversing mode, be about to outer rotor (16) counter-rotating of rotor electric machine (7), the 3rd drg (13) braking.
9. the automobile-used hybrid transmissions of a kind of city bus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, first drg (5), second drg (6), the 3rd drg (13) are wet multi-disk brake, and described power-transfer clutch (3) is multi-disc wet clutch.
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| CN201310176218.8A CN103241123B (en) | 2013-05-14 | 2013-05-14 | The automobile-used hybrid transmissions of city bus |
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