CN103085643A - Hybrid power transmission - Google Patents
Hybrid power transmission Download PDFInfo
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- CN103085643A CN103085643A CN2012105915313A CN201210591531A CN103085643A CN 103085643 A CN103085643 A CN 103085643A CN 2012105915313 A CN2012105915313 A CN 2012105915313A CN 201210591531 A CN201210591531 A CN 201210591531A CN 103085643 A CN103085643 A CN 103085643A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hybrid power transmission which comprises a combustion motor, a Ravenna planetary system, a transmission assembly, an outer gear and a middle shaft gear train, wherein the outer gear is meshed with a Ravenna planetary system gear ring, and the middle shaft gear train is meshed with the outer gear of the transmission assembly. An input shaft of the Ravenna planetary system is connected with the combustion motor through a torque damper, a first motor is arranged on the Ravenna planetary system gear ring, and a rear sun gear of the Ravenna planetary system is provided with a second motor. The hybrid power transmission conducts improvement on the basis of a 4AT of an existing Ravenna type planetary structure, the existing Ravenna type planetary structure obtains a double equiviscous-temperature(EVT) structure having an infinitely variable speed function like a constant-voltage transformer (CVT), and defects of the existing 4AT on shift comfort and fuel economy are overcome. The hybrid power transmission is suitable for preposition and forerunner automobiles having transversely arranged power assemblies, and achieves mixture power drive.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to automotive field, relate to vehicular transmission, specifically a kind of hybrid gearbox.
Background technology
In recent years, for the consideration of energy-conserving and environment-protective aspect, hybrid electric vehicle is increasingly fast-selling.The propulsion source of motor vehicle driven by mixed power is combustion engine and electrical motor, the characteristics of electrical motor low-speed big made up combustion engine especially turbocharging internal-combustion engines in the shortcoming of low speed torque deficiency, the tractive performance of vehicle is guaranteed fully.Adopt Technology of Hybrid Electric Vehicle can mate small displacement engine in the same level vehicle under the prerequisite that does not reduce dynamic property, fuel consumption rate and emission behavior also are improved greatly.
Most of cars enterprise is all making great efforts to utilize own technology inside information development to meet the Technology of Hybrid Electric Vehicle of company's characteristic, and this just needs breakthrough main flow enterprise in the core technology in conventional transmission field.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention, be to provide a kind of hybrid gearbox, it is to improve on the 4AT basis of existing La Weinashi planetary structure, make it have the stepless shift function that two EVT structures have possessed similar CVT, make up the existing deficiency of 4AT aspect shifting comfort and fuel economy.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of hybrid gearbox, comprise combustion engine, La Weina planetary system, differential assembly, also comprise the countershaft-gear train that is meshed with the external gear of the external gear of La Weina planetary system gear ring, differential assembly, the countershaft-gear train is located between La Weina planetary system and differential assembly; The La Weina planetary system comprises rear sun gear; Its special feature is:
Link through torque absorber and combustion engine on the input shaft of La Weina planetary system;
The gear ring of La Weina planetary system is provided with the first motor, and internal rotor and the gear ring of the first motor link;
Rear sun gear is provided with the second motor, and internal rotor and the rear sun gear of the second motor link.
As limitation of the invention:
Pinion carrier and the input shaft of described La Weina planetary system link; The second clutch that pinion carrier is provided with first clutch, is connected with front sun wheel, La Weina planetary system also comprise front sun wheel, long satellite gear, short satellite gear; Wherein:
Combustion engine is connected with the interior hub of first clutch, the outer hub of second clutch by torque absorber;
The outer hub of first clutch is connected with pinion carrier;
The interior hub of second clutch is connected with front sun wheel;
Front sun wheel and the engagement of short satellite gear; Short satellite gear also with the engagement of long satellite gear, long satellite gear had not only meshed but also had meshed with gear ring with rear sun gear.
The countershaft-gear train is located on counter gear shaft, comprises output ring gear and countershaft-gear; External gear on gear ring and the engagement of output ring gear, the external gear engagement on countershaft-gear and differential assembly.
Differential assembly is connected with the left and right semiaxis.
As further restriction of the present invention, described pinion carrier is provided with drg, and drg is located at the pinion carrier tail end and is connected with pinion carrier.
Principle of work of the present invention is as follows:
(1) start
Start, when low speed arrives middling speed, need only the electric weight of battery within zone of reasonableness, automobile is by the first motor-driven, and this moment, car load was in pure power mode, and two power-transfer clutchs and drg all are in released state.Power directly passes to counter gear shaft by gear ring, then passes to differential assembly by counter gear shaft, and two semiaxis of power through being connected with diff pass to left and right wheels, thereby realize the output of power.
(2) generally travel
When car load enters when generally travelling, first clutch drove engine crankshaft in conjunction with electrical generator (the second motor) and began rotation from static this moment, until igniting.An engine power part directly drives wheel by planetary system, and a part is distributed to electrical generator (the second motor) and is used for generating, and electric power is distributed to battery and motor by demand.Send out by adjustment the stepless change that the second motor speed is realized similar CVT.Concrete speed control principle is as follows:
In formula: in n-internal-combustion engine rotational speed; N electricity the-first motor speed; N sends out-electrical generator (the second motor) rotating speed; N frame-pinion carrier rotating speed; The tooth ratio of the rear sun gear that the gear ring that K2-first motor connects is connected with the second motor;
From following formula as can be known in the situation that do not change internal-combustion engine rotational speed, can realize the adjusting of the rotating speed of the gear ring that is connected with the first motor by changing generator speed, namely realize the change of output speed, because electrical generator can be realized step-less adjustment in the rated speed of rotation scope, so can realize the step-less adjustment of the similar CVT of motor speed by the regulator generator rotating speed.
(3) the anxious acceleration
Anxious accelerating mode divides two-stage:
(31) when middle low-speed range is accelerated, battery provides power assist to accelerate for two motors, thereby second clutch is in conjunction with improving to obtain higher transmitting ratio the dynamic property of accelerating simultaneously, simultaneously again can be according to the speed of a motor vehicle and output speed, judge whether wheel skids, thereby determine to adjust battery to two energy that motor provides;
(32) when high-speed range is accelerated, thereby first clutch is in conjunction with improving output speed to reduce transmitting ratio, and battery provides energy to realize auxiliary the acceleration for two motors simultaneously, to improve acceleration capability.The combination of two power-transfer clutchs all can realize by the infinite speed variation of electrical generator the step-less adjustment of the similar CVT of rotating speed of the gear ring that the first motor connects guaranteeing the ride comfort in accelerator.The Principles of Regulation of first clutch combination are narrated at general driving cycle; The Principles of Regulation of second clutch combination are as follows:
Arranging above-mentioned two gets:
In formula: in n-internal-combustion engine rotational speed; N electricity the-first motor speed; N sends out---electrical generator (the second motor) rotating speed; N frame-pinion carrier rotating speed; The tooth ratio of the front sun wheel that the gear ring that K1-first motor connects is connected with combustion engine; The tooth ratio of the rear sun gear that the gear ring that K2-first motor connects is connected with the second motor;
From following formula as can be known, in the situation that do not change internal-combustion engine rotational speed, can realize the adjusting of the gear ring rotating speed that the first motor connects by changing generator speed, namely realize the change of output speed, because electrical generator can be realized step-less adjustment in the rated speed of rotation scope, so can realize the step-less adjustment of the similar CVT of motor speed by the regulator generator rotating speed.
Second clutch is in conjunction with the groundwork of the dynamic property of improve accelerating:
Second clutch is in conjunction with the torque distribution principle:
In formula: the moment of T electricity-engine torque through producing be connected gear ring with the first motor after planetary mechanism; In T-engine torque; T sends out: the moment of engine torque through producing be connected gear ring with the first motor after planetary mechanism; The energy that T can the-first motor obtains from battery or electrical generator (the second motor) pair is connected the moment of gear ring generation with the first motor;
First clutch is in conjunction with the torque distribution principle:
The second clutch combination
The first clutch combination
To sum up analyze, second clutch combination and first clutch are in conjunction with comparing, with the torque of the first motor gear ring, significantly raising is arranged, the amplitude of raising reaches with the moment of torsion of electrical generator (the second motor) and is connected the tooth of gear ring and the front sun wheel that is connected with combustion engine with the first motor than relevant.So second clutch can obtain larger moment of torsion in conjunction with being connected gear ring with the first motor, so in the situation that do not increase the output torque that the first power of motor has improved the low speed operating mode, drive so more be fit to the overland vehicle of operating mode complexity, improve Driving.
(4) slow down, brake
When deceleration, braking, because of effect of inertia wheel drive motors gear ring, the effect of the first motor starter/generator is stored into regenerating braking energy in battery.
(5) climb very steep slopes
During climb very steep slopes, second clutch improves output torque in conjunction with to obtain higher transmitting ratio, and battery provides power assist to improve output torque for two motors simultaneously.
(6) stopping for charging
Parking is turned on the aircondition or when the recreational facilities such as sound equipment, combustion engine is flame-out, utilize the electric weight of battery to carry out Power supply to above-mentioned facility, when being reduced to the certain numerical value rear engine, battery electric quantity starts, utilize the hand-braking pulled on to pass to electrical generator (the second motor) to guarantee the kinetic current in process of charging by driving engine, prevent simultaneously in process of charging that vehicle slips car.Stop when battery electric quantity is elevated to the certain numerical value rear engine, the electric weight for the treatment of battery again is reduced to the certain numerical value rear engine and restarts, so treats and so forth, keeps battery electric quantity within limits.
(7) emergency starting
After the first motor and electrical generator (the second motor) control system was damaged, by controlling the combination of drg, driving engine utilized the second clutch emergency starting, makes vehicle mobile to perch.The Main Function of drg be the first motor and electrical generator (after (the second motor) control system damages, the use of driving engine emergency starting, vehicle mobile is to the use of perch.In the situation that control system can guarantee that reliability can remove drg.
Owing to having adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention compared with prior art, obtained technological advance is:
Thereby i. by realizing in two gear driving engines and motor coupling at two power-transfer clutchs of input shaft location arrangements.
Ii. each gear only need be controlled a power-transfer clutch and just can complete the conversion of gear, and each gear all can realize being similar to by controlling generator speed the stepless change of CVT.
Iii. because employing has increased the auxiliary of Motor torque, when driving engine is not in the best effort interval, greatly increased fuel economy by motor-driven.
Iv. owing to having increased motor and storage battery, controlling the motor inversion when counter dragging is electrical generator, can realize braking energy recovering function.
V. increase motor at the output gear place, can electric power is provided for the first motor by the second motor when engine drive, thereby realize in the situation that do not change gear parameter and realize increasing turning round function; And can realize driving engine and motor output torque simultaneously by rational coupling, thereby realize the coupling of many car loads platform.
Vi. on the 4AT La Weina planetary system basis that enterprise generally has at home, synthesize EVT formula hybrid gearbox by increasing by two motors and 2 power-transfer clutchs of configuration and 1 brake groups, can effectively improve fuel economy, reduce oil consumption, improve simultaneously shifting comfort, reach the level equal with CVT.
To sum up, the present invention is on the basis of the La Weinashi planetary structure of existing 4AT, keep two power-transfer clutchs and a drg, increase by the first motor on gear ring, increase by the second motor on sun wheel, remove turbine transformer at input end and increase torque absorber, thereby can realize pure electronic or driving engine or hybrid power cycling start, normally travel, braking energy reclaims, normally travel and accelerate the function such as power-assisted.This scheme is simple and compact for structure, and second clutch realizes mainly that in conjunction with operating mode low-speed big promotes the dynamic property of car load, especially is fit to the climbing of needs high pulling torque and the anxious vehicle that accelerates.
The present invention is applicable to preposition forerunner and dynamic assembly is horizontal vehicle, realizes that hybrid power drives.
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific embodiment.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the integral structure sketch of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2-Fig. 8 is respectively that kinetic current, the power under different operating modes embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 spreads moving schematic diagram, and in figure, arrow represents direction of power flows.
In figure: 1-combustion engine, 2-torque absorber, 3-second clutch, 4-first clutch, 5-pinion carrier, 6-gear ring, the 7-the first motor, 8-drg, the 9-the second motor, 10-rear sun gear, 11-long satellite gear, 12-short satellite gear, 13-front sun wheel, 14-output ring gear, 15-counter gear shaft, 16-countershaft-gear, 17-left half axle, 18-differential assembly, 19-right axle shaft, 20-gear ring external gear, 22-differential assembly external gear, 23-La Weina planetary system.
The specific embodiment
EmbodimentA kind of hybrid gearbox
With reference to figure 1, the present embodiment comprises combustion engine 1, torque absorber 2, La Weina planetary system 23, differential assembly 18, also comprises the countershaft-gear train that is meshed with La Weina planetary system gear ring external gear 20, differential assembly external gear 22.Link through torque absorber and combustion engine on the input shaft of La Weina planetary system;
The countershaft-gear train is located between La Weina planetary system 23 and differential assembly 18.
Pinion carrier 5 and the input shaft of La Weina planetary system 23 link.
La Weina planetary system 23 comprises front sun wheel 13, rear sun gear 10, long satellite gear 11, short satellite gear 12, reaches pinion carrier 5.First clutch 4 is connected with front sun wheel 13, and the interior hub of first clutch 4 is connected with the outer hub of second clutch 3, and the outer hub of first clutch 4 is connected with pinion carrier 5; The interior hub of second clutch 3 is connected with front sun wheel 13; Drg 8 is located at the tail end of pinion carrier 5 and is connected with pinion carrier 5.
Internal rotor and gear ring 6 that the gear ring 6 of La Weina planetary system 23 is provided with the first motor 7, the first motors 7 link.
Combustion engine 1 is connected with the interior hub of first clutch 4, the outer hub of second clutch 3 by torque absorber 2.
Internal rotor and rear sun gear 10 that the rear sun gear 10 of La Weina planetary system 23 is provided with the second motor 9, the second motors 9 link.
The countershaft-gear train is located on counter gear shaft 15, comprises output ring gear 14 and countershaft-gear 16; Gear ring external gear 20 and 14 engagements of output ring gear, countershaft-gear 16 and 22 engagements of differential assembly external gear.
The operating mode of the present embodiment has following several:
(1) start, with reference to figure 2
Start, low speed is during to middling speed, as long as the electric weight of battery is within zone of reasonableness, automobile is driven by the first motor 7, and this moment, car load was in pure power mode, two power-transfer clutchs 3 and 4 and drg 8 all be in released state.Power directly passes to counter gear shaft 15 by gear ring 6, then passes to differential assembly 18 by counter gear shaft 15, and left half axle 17, the right axle shaft 19 of power through being connected with differential assembly 18 passes to left and right wheel, thereby realizes the output of power.
(2) generally travel, with reference to figure 3
When car load enters when generally travelling, first clutch 4 drove engine crankshaft in conjunction with electrical generator (the second motor 9) and began rotation from static this moment, until igniting.An engine power part directly drives wheel by La Weina planetary system 23, and a part is distributed to electrical generator (the second motor 9) and is used for generating, and electric power is distributed to battery and the first motor 7 by demand.By adjusting the rotating speed of the second motor 9, realize the stepless change of similar CVT.Concrete speed control principle is as follows:
In formula: in n-rotating speed of combustion engine 1; The rotating speed of n electricity the-first motor 7; N sends out-rotating speed of electrical generator (the second motor 9); The rotating speed of n frame-pinion carrier 5; The tooth ratio of the rear sun gear that the gear ring that K2-first motor connects is connected with the second motor;
From following formula as can be known in the situation that do not change internal-combustion engine rotational speed, can realize the adjusting of the gear ring rotating speed of the first motor 7 by changing generator speed, namely realize the change of output speed, because electrical generator (the second motor 9) can be realized step-less adjustment in the rated speed of rotation scope, so can realize the step-less adjustment of the first motor 7 similar CVT of rotating speed by the rotating speed of regulator generator (the second motor 9).
(3) the anxious acceleration
Anxious accelerating mode divides two-stage:
(31) with reference to figure 4, when middle low-speed range is accelerated, battery provides power assist to accelerate for the first motor 7 and the second motor 9, thereby second clutch 3 is in conjunction with improving to obtain higher transmitting ratio the dynamic property of accelerating simultaneously, simultaneously again can be according to the speed of a motor vehicle and output speed, judge whether wheel skids, thereby determine to adjust battery to two energy that motor provides;
(32) with reference to figure 5, when high-speed range is accelerated, thereby first clutch 4 is in conjunction with improving output speed to reduce transmitting ratio, and battery provides energy to realize auxiliary the acceleration for two motors simultaneously, to improve acceleration capability.The combination of two power-transfer clutchs all can realize by the infinite speed variation of electrical generator the step-less adjustment of motor (being the motor gear ring) the similar CVT of rotating speed, guarantees the ride comfort in accelerator.The Principles of Regulation of first clutch 4 combinations are narrated at general driving cycle; The Principles of Regulation of second clutch 3 combinations are as follows:
Arranging above-mentioned two gets:
In formula: in n-rotating speed of combustion engine 1; The rotating speed of n electricity the-first motor 7; N sends out---electrical generator (the second motor 9) rotating speed; The rotating speed of n frame-pinion carrier 5; The tooth ratio of the front sun wheel that the gear ring that K1-first motor 7 connects is connected with combustion engine 1; The tooth ratio of the sun wheel that the gear ring that K2-first motor 7 connects is connected with the second motor 9;
From following formula as can be known, in the situation that do not change the rotating speed of combustion engine 1, can realize the adjusting of motor speed by the rotating speed that changes electrical generator (the second motor 9), namely realize the change of output speed, because electrical generator (the second motor 9) can be realized step-less adjustment in the rated speed of rotation scope, so can realize the step-less adjustment of the similar CVT of motor speed by the rotating speed of regulator generator (the second motor 9).
Second clutch 3 combinations improve the groundwork of the dynamic property of accelerating:
Second clutch 3 is in conjunction with the torque distribution principle:
In formula: the moment that the gear ring that after the moment of torsion process La Weina planetary system 23 of T electricity-combustion engine 1, the first motor 7 is connected produces; In T-moment of torsion of combustion engine 1; T sends out: the moment that the gear ring that after the moment of torsion process La Weina planetary system 23 of combustion engine 1, driving engine is connected produces; The moment that the gear ring that the energy that T can the-first motor 7 obtains from battery or electrical generator (the second motor 9) connects the first motor 7 produces;
First clutch 4 is in conjunction with the torque distribution principle:
Second clutch 3 combinations
First clutch 4 combinations
To sum up analyze, second clutch 3 combinations and first clutch 3 is in conjunction with comparing, the torque of the first motor and gear ring thereof has significantly and to improve, and the tooth of the sun wheel that the moment of torsion of the amplitude of raising and electrical generator (the second motor 9) and the gear ring of the first motor 7 connections are connected with combustion engine 1 is than relevant.So second clutch 3 can obtain larger moment of torsion in conjunction with the gear ring that the first motor 7 connects, so in the situation that do not increase the power of the first motor 7, improve the output torque of low speed operating mode, driven so more be fit to the overland vehicle of operating mode complexity, improved Driving.
(4) slow down, brake, with reference to figure 6
When deceleration, braking, because of the gear ring that effect of inertia wheel drive motors (the first motor) connects, the effect of the first motor 7 starter/generators is stored into regenerating braking energy in battery.
(5) climb very steep slopes is with reference to figure 4
During climb very steep slopes, second clutch 3 improves output torque in conjunction with to obtain higher transmitting ratio, and battery provides power assist to improve output torque for two motors simultaneously.
(6) stopping for charging is with reference to figure 7
Parking is turned on the aircondition or when the recreational facilities such as sound equipment, combustion engine 1 is flame-out, utilize the electric weight of battery to carry out Power supply to above-mentioned facility, when being reduced to the certain numerical value rear engine, battery electric quantity starts, utilize the hand-braking pulled on to pass to electrical generator (the second motor 9) to guarantee the kinetic current in process of charging by driving engine, prevent simultaneously in process of charging that vehicle slips car.Stop when battery electric quantity is elevated to the certain numerical value rear engine, the electric weight for the treatment of battery again is reduced to the certain numerical value rear engine and restarts, and so forth, keeps battery electric quantity within limits.
(7) emergency starting is with reference to figure 8
After the first motor 9 and electrical generator (the second motor 9) control system was damaged, by controlling the combination of drg 8, driving engine utilized second clutch 3 emergency startings, makes vehicle mobile to perch.
The Main Function of drg 8 is after the first motor 7 and electrical generator the second motor 9 control system are damaged, the use of driving engine emergency starting, and vehicle mobile is to the use of perch.In the situation that control system can guarantee that reliability can remove drg.
Claims (5)
1. hybrid gearbox, comprise combustion engine, La Weina planetary system, differential assembly, also comprise the countershaft-gear train that is meshed with the external gear of the external gear of La Weina planetary system gear ring, differential assembly, the countershaft-gear train is located between La Weina planetary system and differential assembly; The La Weina planetary system comprises rear sun gear;
It is characterized in that:
Link through torque absorber and combustion engine on the input shaft of La Weina planetary system;
The gear ring of La Weina planetary system is provided with the first motor, and internal rotor and the gear ring of the first motor link;
The rear sun gear of La Weina planetary system is provided with the second motor, and internal rotor and the rear sun gear of the second motor link.
2. a kind of hybrid gearbox according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that:Pinion carrier and the input shaft of described La Weina planetary system link; The second clutch that pinion carrier is provided with first clutch, is connected with front sun wheel, La Weina planetary system also comprise front sun wheel, long satellite gear, short satellite gear; Wherein:
Combustion engine is connected with the interior hub of first clutch, the outer hub of second clutch by torque absorber;
The outer hub of first clutch is connected with pinion carrier;
The interior hub of second clutch is connected with front sun wheel;
Front sun wheel and the engagement of short satellite gear; Short satellite gear also with the engagement of long satellite gear, long satellite gear had not only meshed but also had meshed with gear ring with rear sun gear.
3. a kind of hybrid gearbox according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that:The countershaft-gear train is located on counter gear shaft, comprises output ring gear and countershaft-gear; External gear on gear ring and the engagement of output ring gear, the external gear engagement on countershaft-gear and differential assembly.
4. a kind of hybrid gearbox according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that:Differential assembly is connected with the left and right semiaxis.
5. the described a kind of hybrid gearbox of any one according to claim 1 to 4,
It is characterized in that:Described pinion carrier is provided with drg, and drg is located at the pinion carrier tail end and is connected with pinion carrier.
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Effective date of registration: 20191113 Address after: 071000 No.75, Dongsheng Road, Lianchi District, Baoding City, Hebei Province Patentee after: Beehive transmission technology Hebei Co., Ltd Address before: 071000 No. 2266 Chaoyang South Street, Hebei, Baoding Patentee before: Changcheng Automobile Co., Ltd. |