CN103053456A - Method for solving problem of biological deposition of sand-bottom stichopus japonicus aquaculture pond by aid of biological functions - Google Patents
Method for solving problem of biological deposition of sand-bottom stichopus japonicus aquaculture pond by aid of biological functions Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for solving the problem of biological deposition of a sand-bottom stichopus japonicus aquaculture pond by the aid of biological functions. The method can solve problems that an effect for improving biological deposition of a sand-bottom stichopus japonicus aquaculture pond is poor in the prior art, a sedimentary environment of the stichopus japonicus aquaculture pond cannot be effectively improved, diseases of stichopus japonicus cannot be prevented and the like. The method is characterized in that certain quantities of penaeus japonicus, fenneropenaeus chinensiss, ruditapes philippinarum and sinonovacula constricta are fed into the stichopus japonicus aquaculture pond, an effect of loosening the bottom of the pond is realized owing to sand diving functions of the penaeus japonicus, the fenneropenaeus chinensiss, the ruditapes philippinarum and the sinonovacula constricta, organisms such as nereid and copepoda in the aquaculture pond are ingested by the penaeus japonicus and the fenneropenaeus chinensiss, and residual feeds, organic detritus, humus, fungi and the like are subjected to filter-feeding by the ruditapes philippinarum and the sinonovacula constricta. Accordingly, the method has the advantages that the purpose of improving a sedimentary environment of the aquaculture pond is achieved, and the problem of biological deposition of the aquaculture pond is solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, specifically, relate to a kind of biological function that utilizes and solve the organosedimentary method in husky apostichopus japonicus culture pond, the end.
Background technology
In recent years, flourish along with mariculture, the pond culture scale enlarges year by year, the Apostichopus japonicus in Ponds upsurge of particularly rising in recent years, growth momentum is swift and violent, and presents and continue the trend that increases.
The upsurge of Apostichopus japonicus in Ponds, brought larger raising though give the national fishery output value, but the problem of himself also manifests gradually, highdensity Apostichopus japonicus in Ponds, make excreta and the accumulation of residual bait and the formation pond life depositions such as organic debris that frond rots to come off and produces of culturing stichopus japonicus, and biogenic deposit (C.N.P) through burying, mineralising easily causes sclerosis knot slope at the bottom of the pond, causes bottom material of pond for breeding environmental deterioration, mushroom amount reproduction, its again suspension can cause culture-pool water quality to descend, finally cause the culturing stichopus japonicus disease to take place frequently, the phenomena of mortality happen occasionally.Cultivating pool waste water discharges in a large number, and not only pollution of marine environment causes the cultivating pool self-pollution simultaneously, causes vicious circle, and these phenomenons have seriously restricted the sustainable development of pond culture.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is that a kind of biological function that utilizes solves the organosedimentary method in husky apostichopus japonicus culture pond, the end, it is undesirable that it can solve the husky end apostichopus japonicus culture pond biogenic deposit improved effect that prior art exists, and can not effectively improve apostichopus japonicus culture pond bottom environment and then prevent the problem such as stichopus japonicus disease generation.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is that a kind of biological function that utilizes solves the organosedimentary method in husky apostichopus japonicus culture pond, the end, throws in prawn and filter-feeding shellfish in apostichopus japonicus culture pond, the husky end.
In technical scheme of the present invention, also have following additional technical feature:
Described prawn is Marsupenaeus japonicus and Crustin.
Described filter-feeding shellfish is razor clam and the Ruditapes philippinarum of hanging.
For the lighter cultivating pool of biogenic deposit, prawn is thrown in and is, it is the long 2.5-3 cm of body that Marsupenaeus japonicus is thrown in specification, and throwing in density is 200～250 tail/mus; It is the long 2.5-3 cm of body that Crustin is thrown in specification, and throwing in density is 270～320 tail/mus;
The filter-feeding shellfish is thrown in, and it is 1000～2000/kg that Ruditapes philippinarum is thrown in specification; Throwing in density is 2000～2500/mu; It is 1000～2000/kg that the razor clam of hanging is thrown in specification; Throwing in density is 1300～1700/mu.
For the heavier cultivating pool of biogenic deposit, prawn is thrown in and is, it is the long 2.5-3 cm of body that Marsupenaeus japonicus is thrown in specification, and throwing in density is 350～400 tail/mus; It is the long 2.5-3 cm of body that Crustin is thrown in specification, and throwing in density is 350～400 tail/mus;
The filter-feeding shellfish is thrown in, and it is 1000～2000/kg that Ruditapes philippinarum is thrown in specification; Throwing in density is 2500～3000/mu; It is 1000～2000/kg that the razor clam of hanging is thrown in specification; Throwing in density is 2500～3000/mu.
For the serious cultivating pool of biogenic deposit, prawn is thrown in and is, it is the long 2.5-3 cm of body that Marsupenaeus japonicus is thrown in specification, and throwing in density is 700～750 tail/mus; It is the long 2.5-3 cm of body that Crustin is thrown in specification, and throwing in density is 450～500 tail/mus;
The filter-feeding shellfish is thrown in, and it is 1000～2000/kg that Ruditapes philippinarum is thrown in specification; Throwing in density is 2500～3000/mu; It is 1000～2000/kg that the razor clam of hanging is thrown in specification; Throwing in density is 4000～4500/mu.
The present invention is applicable to apostichopus japonicus culture pond, the husky end, by prawn (Marsupenaeus japonicus and Crustin) from some to the apostichopus japonicus culture pond and the filter-feeding shellfish (Ruditapes philippinarum and the razor clam of hanging) of throwing in, utilize the latent husky function of prawn and shellfish, play the effect at the bottom of the loose pond, utilize simultaneously the prawn biologies such as clam worm in the cultivating pool, copepoda of ingesting, the residual bait of shellfish filter food, organic debris, humus and mushroom etc., play the purpose of improvement cultivating pool bottom environment, reach the organosedimentary problem of cultivating pool that solves.
Method of the present invention designs by following several respects:
1) selection of cultivating pool: in view of there are pond at the bottom of the mud, silt bottom pond and pond, the husky end in present apostichopus japonicus culture pond, the present invention mainly utilizes the latent husky function of prawn and filter-feeding shellfish, is improvement object at the bottom of the pond so select apostichopus japonicus culture pond, the husky end.
2) selection of prawn and input: according to organosedimentary situation at the bottom of the pond, apostichopus japonicus culture pond, the husky end, Marsupenaeus japonicus and Crustin that selection has the husky function of diving are the input object, determine prawn input specification and density according to the biomass of the biologies such as pond bed-sit silkworm, copepoda simultaneously.
3) selection of shellfish and input: according to organosedimentary situation at the bottom of the pond, apostichopus japonicus culture pond, the husky end, selection has the Ruditapes philippinarum of the husky function of diving and the razor clam of hanging is the input object, simultaneously according to residual bait amount, organic debris, humus and mushroom etc. at the bottom of the bait utilization of culturing stichopus japonicus and the pond, select suitable shellfish to throw in specification and density.
The present invention has the following advantages and good effect:
The present invention takes full advantage of the biological function of prawn and filter-feeding shellfish, utilize the latent husky function of prawn and shellfish, play the effect at the bottom of the loose pond, utilize simultaneously the prawn biologies such as clam worm in the cultivating pool, copepoda of ingesting, the residual bait of shellfish filter food, organic debris, humus and mushroom etc., play the purpose of improvement cultivating pool bottom environment, reach the organosedimentary problem of solution cultivating pool, reduced simultaneously the disease incidence of stichopus japonicus.Mixed breed has also increased the diversity of species in the cultivating pool, has increased the level that utilizes of material, is conducive to keep the ecological balance in pond, has improved simultaneously and has joined ecological benefits and the economic benefit that the shrimp shellfish is raised together with system.
Embodiment
1) selection of cultivating pool:
The apostichopus japonicus culture mode mainly contains at present: the cultivation of batch production workshop, pond culture, cofferdam cultivation and shallow seabed sowing cultivation etc., because the present invention mainly utilizes the latent husky function of selected prawn and filter-feeding shellfish, reach solution apostichopus japonicus culture pond biogenic deposit purpose, so applicable object of the present invention is apostichopus japonicus culture pond, the husky end.
2) selection of prawn and input: according to organosedimentary situation at the bottom of the biological function of prawn and the pond, apostichopus japonicus culture pond, the husky end, selection has the Marsupenaeus japonicus of the husky function of diving and Crustin for throwing in object, determines simultaneously input specification and the density of Marsupenaeus japonicus and Crustin according to the biomass of the biologies such as bottom material of pond for breeding ambient conditions and pond bed-sit silkworm, copepoda.
The organosedimentary weight of cultivating pool is determined, to determine according to clam worm and copepoda biomass, the method of determining is, use five point sampling computing pool bed-sit silkworm and copepoda biomasss, embodiment is: four jiaos two cornerwise friendship stationary points from the pond, be the pond centre, and the intermediate point of handing over an angle, stationary point to four 5 position, 5 clam worm average biomass at the bottom of the sampling computing pool; Use simultaneously 120 order mesh bags to filter water body, calculate pond copepoda biomass.According to the biomass of the biologies such as pond bed-sit silkworm, copepoda and input specification and the density that the bottom material of pond for breeding situation is determined Marsupenaeus japonicus and Crustin.
1. the lighter cultivating pool of biogenic deposit, clam worm: 30-40 bar/m
2, copepoda: 500-700/m
3
For the lighter cultivating pool of biogenic deposit, prawn is thrown in and is, Marsupenaeus japonicus is thrown in specification: the long 2.5-3 cm of body, throw in density: 200～250 tail/mus; Crustin is thrown in specification: the long 2.5-3 cm of body, throw in density: 270～320 tail/mus.
2. the heavier cultivating pool of biogenic deposit, clam worm: 50-60 bar/m
2, copepoda: 800-1000/m
3
Prawn is thrown in, and Marsupenaeus japonicus is thrown in specification: the long 2.5-3 cm of body, throw in density: 350～400 tail/mus; Crustin is thrown in specification: the long 2.5-3 cm of body, throw in density: 350～400 tail/mus.
3. the serious cultivating pool of biogenic deposit, clam worm: 60-70 bar/m
2, copepoda: 1200-1500/m
3Marsupenaeus japonicus is thrown in specification: the long 2.5-3 cm of body, throw in density: 700～750 tail/mus; Crustin is thrown in specification: the long 2.5-3 cm of body, throw in density: 450～500 tail/mus.
3) selection of shellfish and input: according to the organosedimentary situation of biological function and husky apostichopus japonicus culture pond, the end of filter-feeding shellfish, selecting Ruditapes philippinarum and the razor clam of hanging is to throw in object; According to situations such as the bait utilization of bottom material of pond for breeding ambient conditions and culturing stichopus japonicus, residual bait amount, organic debris, humus and mushrooms, determine Ruditapes philippinarum and input specification and the density of the razor clam of hanging.
1. the lighter cultivating pool shellfish of biogenic deposit is thrown in: according to the bait utilization of pond culture stichopus japonicus, residual bait amount, organic debris, humus, mushroom and bottom material of pond for breeding situation etc., determine Ruditapes philippinarum and input specification and the density of the razor clam of hanging.Ruditapes philippinarum is thrown in specification: 1000～2000/kg; Throw in density: 2000～2500/mu; The razor clam of hanging is thrown in specification: 1000～2000/kg; Throw in density: 1300～1700/mu.
2. the heavier cultivating pool shellfish of biogenic deposit is thrown in: according to the bait utilization of pond culture stichopus japonicus, residual bait amount, organic debris, humus, mushroom and bottom material of pond for breeding situation etc., determine Ruditapes philippinarum and input specification and the density of the razor clam of hanging.Ruditapes philippinarum is thrown in specification: 1000～2000/kg; Throw in density: 2500～3000/mu; The razor clam of hanging is thrown in specification: 1000～2000/kg; Throw in density: 2500～3000/mu.
3. the serious cultivating pool shellfish of biogenic deposit is thrown in: according to the bait utilization of pond culture stichopus japonicus, residual bait amount, organic debris, humus, mushroom and bottom material of pond for breeding situation etc., determine Ruditapes philippinarum and input specification and the density of the razor clam of hanging.Ruditapes philippinarum is thrown in specification: 1000～2000/kg; Throw in density: 2500～3000/mu; The razor clam of hanging is thrown in specification: 1000～2000/kg; Throw in density: 4000～4500/mu.
Claims (6)
1. one kind is utilized biological function to solve the organosedimentary method in husky apostichopus japonicus culture pond, the end, it is characterized in that, throws in prawn and filter-feeding shellfish in apostichopus japonicus culture pond, the husky end.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described prawn is Marsupenaeus japonicus and Crustin.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: described filter-feeding shellfish is razor clam and the Ruditapes philippinarum of hanging.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, for the lighter cultivating pool of biogenic deposit, prawn is thrown in and is, it is the long 2.5-3 cm of body that Marsupenaeus japonicus is thrown in specification, and throwing in density is 200～250 tail/mus; It is the long 2.5-3 cm of body that Crustin is thrown in specification, and throwing in density is 270～320 tail/mus;
The filter-feeding shellfish is thrown in, and it is 1000～2000/kg that Ruditapes philippinarum is thrown in specification; Throwing in density is 2000～2500/mu; It is 1000～2000/kg that the razor clam of hanging is thrown in specification; Throwing in density is 1300～1700/mu.
5. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, for the heavier cultivating pool of biogenic deposit, prawn is thrown in and is, it is the long 2.5-3 cm of body that Marsupenaeus japonicus is thrown in specification, and throwing in density is 350～400 tail/mus; It is the long 2.5-3 cm of body that Crustin is thrown in specification, and throwing in density is 350～400 tail/mus;
The filter-feeding shellfish is thrown in, and it is 1000～2000/kg that Ruditapes philippinarum is thrown in specification; Throwing in density is 2500～3000/mu; It is 1000～2000/kg that the razor clam of hanging is thrown in specification; Throwing in density is 2500～3000/mu.
6. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that, for the serious cultivating pool of biogenic deposit, prawn is thrown in and is, it is the long 2.5-3 cm of body that Marsupenaeus japonicus is thrown in specification, and throwing in density is 700～750 tail/mus; It is the long 2.5-3 cm of body that Crustin is thrown in specification, and throwing in density is 450～500 tail/mus;
The filter-feeding shellfish is thrown in, and it is 1000～2000/kg that Ruditapes philippinarum is thrown in specification; Throwing in density is 2500～3000/mu; It is 1000～2000/kg that the razor clam of hanging is thrown in specification; Throwing in density is 4000～4500/mu.
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| CN103947591A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-07-30 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Multi-layer cultivating method for penaeus japonicus through circulating water |
| CN105075952A (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2015-11-25 | 大连市水产技术推广总站 | Method for applying biological prevention and control over copepoda in cage farming process of stichopus japonicas in sea |
| CN105325332A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-02-17 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Application of prawn nauplii in clearing of zooplankton in shellfish aquaculture pond |
| CN111903576A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-11-10 | 烟台市海洋经济研究院 | Method for constructing apostichopus japonicus culture pond polyculture system |
| CN112568158A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-30 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Green pollution-free culture method for stichopus japonicus, penaeus japonicus, portunus trituberculatus and ulva |
| CN115708491A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-02-24 | 江苏海洋大学 | Culture substrate of buried shellfish and application thereof in buried shellfish culture |
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| CN105075952A (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2015-11-25 | 大连市水产技术推广总站 | Method for applying biological prevention and control over copepoda in cage farming process of stichopus japonicas in sea |
| CN105075952B (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2018-07-31 | 大连市水产技术推广总站 | Using the method for Copepods during the net cage seedling nursery of biological prevention and control stichopus japonicus sea area |
| CN105325332A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2016-02-17 | 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所 | Application of prawn nauplii in clearing of zooplankton in shellfish aquaculture pond |
| CN111903576A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-11-10 | 烟台市海洋经济研究院 | Method for constructing apostichopus japonicus culture pond polyculture system |
| CN112568158A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-03-30 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Green pollution-free culture method for stichopus japonicus, penaeus japonicus, portunus trituberculatus and ulva |
| CN115708491A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-02-24 | 江苏海洋大学 | Culture substrate of buried shellfish and application thereof in buried shellfish culture |
| CN115708491B (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2024-02-20 | 江苏海洋大学 | Culture substrate of buried shellfish and application of culture substrate in buried shellfish culture |
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