CN103008326B - Method for comprehensive treatment of household refuses and secondary pollution control - Google Patents
Method for comprehensive treatment of household refuses and secondary pollution control Download PDFInfo
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- CN103008326B CN103008326B CN201210491103.3A CN201210491103A CN103008326B CN 103008326 B CN103008326 B CN 103008326B CN 201210491103 A CN201210491103 A CN 201210491103A CN 103008326 B CN103008326 B CN 103008326B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for comprehensive treatment of household refuses and secondary pollution control. The method comprises the following procedures of: 1) coarse separation of the household refuses; 2) pretreatment of the household refuses; 3) fine separation of the household refuses; 4) aerobic composting of the household refuses; 5) biological organic fertilizer preparation; 6) fabrication of refuse derived fuels; and 7) secondary pollution control. The method employs parallel dual-separation lines which are compact in arrangement; each functional unit device is rational in configuration, easy to operate and mechanically control; the sorting efficiency and the energy source recovery effect are obviously improved; and minimization, harmless treatment, recycling and energy conversion of the household refuses can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Solid Waste Treatment and Resources and utilize technical field, relate to one way of life method for comprehensively treating rubbish, relate more specifically to the method that the process of one way of life rubbish green controls with secondary pollution.
Background technology
Along with socioeconomic development, world's Municipal Garbage Yield increases with the trend being three times in economic average speed of growth, more than 25% of the output Yi Zhan world Municipal Garbage Yield of China's municipal refuse, in 668 cities, the whole nation, existing more than 70% is surrounded by rubbish, garbage-surrounded city produces large amount of organic, heavy metal and pathogenic microorganism, has had a strong impact on the healthy of environmental quality and resident.As far back as earlier 1900s, can be used for after people just find garbage as resource heating, generating, drive automobile, rubbish is considered to never exhausted " the city mineral reserve " of most potentiality to be exploited, " resource mislayed ", the minimizing of house refuse, resource, energy and innoxious, being environmental protect quality, realizing the active demand of energy-saving and emission-reduction, is also the inevitable requirement of Chinese society development.
The mode that focuses on of house refuse mainly contains landfill, compost and burning.Landfill method is simple to operate, processing cost is lower, is the major way of current domestic rubbish disposal, but this method floor space is large, and garbage decrement degree is low, and the percolate of generation and foul smell easily pollute underground water and ambient air.The rubbish that the composting process suitable treatment content of organic matter is higher, can realize the recycling of part resource, but due to China's rubbish mixed collection, the house refuse without sorting contains the poisonous and harmful substances such as plurality of heavy metal, inert impurities and pathogenic microorganism.After compost, product fertilizer efficiency is low, impurity is many, heavy metals exceeding standard, is difficult to be used as fertilizer or soil conditioner, and market outlet is not good.
Burning method can realize the minimizing of rubbish and innoxious, but because China's crude waste composition is complicated, moisture content is high, calorific value is low, direct burning disposal needs to consume a large amount of auxiliary fuel, and investment is large, and operating cost is high.Crude waste is also containing the refuse such as plastics, battery, and directly burning produces the hazardous waste such as bioxin, flying dust, causes serious secondary pollution to surrounding environment.
Therefore, for realizing the minimizing of house refuse, resource, energy and innoxious, the secondary pollution of the poisonous and harmful substances such as effective containment bioxin, heavy metal, flying dust, improve mechanical sorting line and arrange dispersion, each functional unit equipment linking confusion, the general grade on the low side of the efficiency of separation is not enough, must explore Novel household garbage integrated treatment and secondary pollution control method.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the method that one way of life comprehensive garbage disposal and secondary pollution control, to improve the defect existed in known technology.
For achieving the above object, the method that domestic garbage comprehensive process provided by the invention and secondary pollution control, its main flow is:
1) household garbage rough sorting choosing
First house refuse carries out the separated and collected of garbage bag breaking and bulk rubbish, and the screenings after sorting carries out being separated and reclaiming of ferromagnetic material and hard-degraded substance;
2) house refuse pretreatment
Degradable material carries out facultative biofermentation pretreatment, and pretreatment temperature controls at 30 ~ 65 DEG C, and the material water ratio after process reduces by more than 60%;
3) Domestic garbage fine sorting
Pretreated material is carried out again segmentation choosing, separating ferrum magnetic material and hard-degraded substance, to sieve through two-stage magnetic separation roller after selecting isolated ferromagnetic materials to merge ragging and segmentation and bouncing sorter realizes the separation and recovery of different-grain diameter metal;
4) house refuse aerobic compost
Oversize after segmentation choosing enters aerobic fermentation chamber and carries out aerobic compost, and the temperature of aerobic compost is 40 ~ 70 DEG C, and the house refuse moisture content after compost declines more than 80%;
5) biological organic fertilizer preparation
Material through ragging, pretreatment, segmentation choosing and aerobic compost carries out sieving laggard row aerobic compost again, and make hard-degraded substance in rubbish decompose with innoxious further, the composting production after becoming thoroughly decomposed is this refined biometric fertilizer;
6) garbage derivatived fuel makes
Mixed in proportion with lime by flammable oversize after refuse classification, wherein plastics, lime account for 80% and 5% of material dry weight, brokenly after each mixing of materials, extruded make garbage derivatived fuel; Non-combustible oversize makes construction material;
7) secondary pollution control method
Mechanical sorting equipment, the fermentation cabin top of destructor plant are equipped with foul gas collection conduit, and foul smell successively enters scrubbing tower, double-deck biofilter processes; Be filled with filtrate in double-deck biofilter, filtrate is made up of aerobic compost product and part oversize, and composting production and oversize ratio are 10: 1;
Rubbish biological process is provided with leachate collection groove bottom storehouse, and the percolate produced in processing procedure processes through anaerobic pond respectively, and after process, sewage is used for the moisturizing of plant area's greening, biological fermentation process; Processing procedure produce mud and sorting after rubbish be mixed into row aerobic compost.
Described method, wherein, garbage rough sorting and meticulous sorting line all adopt two sorting lines run parallel.
Described method, wherein, garbage rough sorting is made up of two-stage rotary screen for breaking bags, magnetic sorting apparatus; Rubbish segmentation choosing is made up of one-level rotary screen, magnetic sorting apparatus, three grades of rotary screens.
Described method, wherein, the oversize outlet of every grade of rotary screen and magnetic sorting apparatus waste outlet are all furnished with wind power sorting device, and the material that selection by winnowing goes out enters plastic dry cleaning machine and plastics baling press under the conveying of selection by winnowing belt.
Described method, wherein, magnetic sorting apparatus is made up of electromagnetic separator, magnetic-separation belt conveyor, material commutation bounce-back belt feeder, house refuse is after feed belt machine is delivered to magnetic sorting apparatus, ferromagnetic material in rubbish is recycled under the acting in conjunction of electromagnetic separator and magnetic separation belt, residual refuse enters commutation bounce-back machine, separated according to each density of fraction, proportion and air drag difference.
Described method, wherein, the metalliferous material that magnetic sorting apparatus sub-elects enters magnetic separation line, through commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor, two-stage magnetic separation roller sieve and bouncing sorter first, realizes the separation and recovery of old metal, bottle cap, battery, lighter different grain size, density and elasticity ferromagnetic material respectively.
Described method, wherein, the oxygen content 0 ~ 5% of house refuse pretreatment condition, temperature 30 ~ 65 DEG C.
Described method, wherein, the draft type of aerobic compost is exhaust ventilation bottom heap body, ventilation frequency 5 ~ 24h/d.
Described method, wherein, leachate collection and ventilation are all by piling strip groove bottom body, and trench cross-section is trapezium structure wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.
Described method, wherein, garbage derivatived fuel is squeezed into cylinder particle after adding chlorine-solidifying agent in making after Mechanical Crushing, and chlorine-solidifying agent is Ca (OH)
2and/or CaO
2, chlorine-solidifying agent addition is 5% ~ 20% of rubbish dry weight.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the present invention innovates and adopts parallel double sorting line, broken bag, screening, magnetic separation, selection by winnowing, spring sorting technology are organically combined, sorting line compact in design, each functional unit Equipments Setting are reasonable, sorting efficiency significantly improves, effectively can be separated combustible, the component such as glass, plastics, bamboo wood, fabric, rubber, masonry, and the poisonous and harmful substance such as old metal, battery, lighter, energy recovery effect is good, effectively controls secondary pollution discharge.
(2) sorting line equipment of the present invention and fermentation cabin are totally-enclosed, are provided with foul gas, leachate collection and treatment system, significantly reduce secondary pollution discharge, improve destructor plant environment, realize garbage disposal machinery, automation, resource.
(3) the present invention makes full use of waste material on garbage sorting sieve, biological compost product, makes the garbage derivatived fuel RDF, filter material for biological filter, construction material etc. with high added value in different ways.In addition, foul smell passes into fermentation cabin air feed through biofilter process Posterior circle, and the mud that sewage disposal produces is used as aerobic compost conditioning agent, and whole integrated disposal processing no waste produces, and realizes house refuse zero-emission and resource, recovery energy.
(4) magnetic separation of the present invention is satisfactory for result, poisonous and harmful substance is effectively separated, house refuse effectively reduces moisture content through Biological Pretreatment, aerobic compost, exquisite composting process and improves the rubbish content of organic matter, and plastics and content of beary metal are extremely low, and fertilizer quality is high.
(5) the present invention is easy to operation and mechanization control, and method compact and reasonable, equipment energy consumption is lower, and secondary pollution is few, meets Renewable energy policy and circular economy concept.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the inventive method flow chart;
Fig. 2 is sorting unit schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is rotary screen schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is magnetic-separation belt conveyor schematic diagram of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. electromagnetic separator; 2. magnetic separation belt; 3. commutation bounce-back belt feeder; 4. foul gas collection conduit; 5. garbage inlet; 6. feed belt; 7. metal discharging opening; 8. metal splicing belt; 9. waste outlet; 10. shell; 11. belt pulleys; 12. bar shaped screen clothes; 13. supports; 14. baffle plates; 15. engines; 16. magnet; 17. roller bearings; 18. commutation magnetic separation belts; 19 prismatic magnetic rubber strips.
Detailed description of the invention
The method of domestic garbage comprehensive process provided by the invention, comprises the systems such as crude waste ragging, Biological Pretreatment, meticulous sorting, aerobic compost, exquisite compost, garbage derivatived fuel (RDF) preparation, Odor control, percolate process.Crude waste carries out ragging through rotary screen for breaking bags, magnetic sorting apparatus, after sorting, rubbish enters the dehydration of Biological Pretreatment storehouse and stabilisation, pretreated rubbish enters meticulous sorting line again, through methods such as screening, magnetic separation, selection by winnowing, resourcebility utilization is efficiently separated with poisonous and hazardous product, residual organic substances material sieves after carrying out aerobic compost again, becomes thoroughly decomposed and makes finished product fertilizers.
The flammable oversize of high heating value that sorting obtains, adds and brokenly, extruded after chlorine-solidifying agent makes RDF.Construction material is made in the inertia oversize regeneration such as masonry.
The percolate that Biological Pretreatment, aerobic compost and exquisite composting process produce enters sewage treatment facility, comprises regulating reservoir, anaerobic pond, aerobic aeration pond, cooling tower, ultrafiltration, catalytic ozonation pond.For plant area's greening, fermentation moisturizing after sewage disposal; After the mud produced in processing procedure and sorting, rubbish is mixed into row aerobic compost.
Mechanical sorting equipment, fermentation cabin top are equipped with foul gas collection conduit, and pipeline is connected with biological filter chamber treatment system, and stench processing system comprises the devices such as regenerated reactor, scrubbing tower, biofilter.
Described method for comprehensively treating rubbish, wherein, garbage rough sorting and meticulous sorting line all adopt A, B two sorting lines run parallel.
Described method for comprehensively treating rubbish, wherein, garbage rough sorting is made up of two-stage rotary screen for breaking bags, magnetic sorting apparatus.The meticulous sorting of rubbish is made up of one-level rotary screen, magnetic sorting apparatus, three grades of rotary screens.
Described method for comprehensively treating rubbish, wherein, the oversize outlet of every grade of rotary screen and magnetic sorting apparatus waste outlet are all furnished with wind power sorting device.The material that selection by winnowing goes out enters plastic dry cleaning machine and plastics baling press under the conveying of selection by winnowing belt.
Described method for comprehensively treating rubbish, wherein, magnetic sorting apparatus is made up of electromagnetic separator, magnetic-separation belt conveyor, material commutation bounce-back belt feeder.House refuse is after feed belt machine is delivered to magnetic sorting apparatus, ferromagnetic material in rubbish is recycled under the acting in conjunction of electromagnetic separator and magnetic separation belt, residual refuse enters commutation bounce-back machine, separated according to each density of fraction, proportion and air drag difference.
Described method for comprehensively treating rubbish, wherein, after the metalliferous material that the magnetic sorting apparatus of ragging and meticulous sorting line sub-elects enters magnetic separation line, combine under the effect of commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor, through two-stage magnetic separation roller sieve and bouncing sorter after elder generation, realize the separation and recovery of different grain size, density and the elasticity ferromagnetic materials such as old metal, bottle cap, battery, lighter.
Described method for comprehensively treating rubbish, wherein, the Biological Pretreatment condition of house refuse is facultative fermentation, waste height 1.0 ~ 3.5 meters, oxygen content 0 ~ 5%, temperature 30 ~ 65 DEG C, processing time 8 ~ 30d.Garbage aerobic compost condition is aerobic fermentation, oxygen content 8 ~ 20%, waste height 1.0 ~ 2.5 meters, temperature 40 ~ 70 DEG C, processing time 10 ~ 30d.Draft type is exhaust ventilation bottom heap body, ventilation frequency 5 ~ 24h/d.
Described method for comprehensively treating rubbish, wherein, leachate collection and ventilation are all by piling strip groove bottom body, and trench cross-section is trapezium structure, wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, bottom width 5 ~ 20cm, surface wide 10 ~ 40cm, groove depth 10 ~ 30cm.
Described method for comprehensively treating rubbish, wherein, RDF makes oversizes such as adopting plastics, fabric, bamboo wood, paper, and plastic content is 50% ~ 90%.Oversize is squeezed into cylinder particle, RDF particle diameter 5 ~ 30mm, length 20 ~ 100mm after adding chlorine-solidifying agent after Mechanical Crushing.Chlorine-solidifying agent can be Ca (OH)
2, CaO
2, but be not limited only to above compound.
Described method for comprehensively treating rubbish, wherein, the oversizes such as the bamboo wood that filler adopts house refuse aerobic compost product, refuse classification goes out of biofilter and fabric.Composting production and oversize ratio are 5: 1 ~ 20: 1.
The method of domestic garbage comprehensive process provided by the invention is made up of systems such as house refuse mechanical sorting, biological treatment, foul gas process, percolate process, and by the rubbish after process for the preparation of products such as fertilizer, RDF, construction materials, realize innoxious, resource and the energy of house refuse.
Crude waste carries out mechanical sorting through two sorting lines run parallel.Garbage rough sorting is made up of two-stage rotary screen for breaking bags, magnetic sorting apparatus; The meticulous sorting of rubbish is made up of one-level rotary screen, magnetic sorting apparatus, three grades of rotary screens.The oversize outlet of rotary screen and magnetic sorting apparatus waste outlet are all furnished with pneumatic separation device, and the material that selection by winnowing goes out enters plastic dry cleaning machine and plastics baling press under the conveying of selection by winnowing belt.The metalliferous material that magnetic sorting apparatus sub-elects enters magnetic separation line, through commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor, two-stage magnetic separation roller sieve and bouncing sorter first, realizes the separation and recovery of different grain size, density and elasticity ferromagnetic material respectively.
After ragging, Biological Pretreatment storehouse sent into by rubbish, and at 30 ~ 65 DEG C of temperature, facultative fermentation process 8 ~ 30d carries out garbage dewatering and stabilisation.Pretreated rubbish enters meticulous sorting line again, through methods such as screening, magnetic separation, selection by winnowing, resourcebility utilization is efficiently separated with poisonous and hazardous product, residual organic substances material carries out aerobic compost, composting conditions is aerobic fermentation, oxygen content 8 ~ 20%, waste height 1.0 ~ 2.5 meters, temperature 40 ~ 70 DEG C, processing time 10 ~ 30d.
Aerobic compost product makes organic finished product fertilizers carry out exquisite compost after screening after.The flammable oversize of high heating value that mechanical sorting obtains, adds and brokenly, extruded after chlorine-solidifying agent makes garbage derivatived fuel RDF.Construction material is made in the inertia oversize regeneration such as masonry.
Mechanical sorting equipment, fermentation cabin top are equipped with foul gas collection conduit, and foul smell processes through devices such as regenerated reactor, scrubbing tower, biofilters.The filtrate of biofilter is made up of aerobic compost product and the bamboo wood, fabric etc. sub-elected.The percolate produced in rubbish biological processing procedure processes through facilities such as regulating reservoir, anaerobic pond, aerobic aeration pond, cooling tower, ultrafiltration, catalytic ozonation ponds.Plant area's greening, fermentation moisturizing is can be used for after sewage disposal; After the mud produced in processing procedure and sorting, rubbish is mixed into row aerobic compost.
For summary of the invention of the present invention, Characteristic can be understood further, enumerate embodiment and composition graphs 1 is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Treating capacity is the urban garbage disposal factory of 1200 tons/day, crude waste is sent into after factory through steel plate blow tank and is entered the dehydration of Biological Pretreatment storehouse and stabilisation through garbage rough sorting, pretreated rubbish enters meticulous sorting line again, resourcebility utilization be efficiently separated with poisonous and hazardous product through methods such as screening, magnetic separation, selection by winnowing, residual organic substances material carries out aerobic compost.Rubbish after biological treatment, oversize, inert material are respectively used to produce the products such as biological organic fertilizer, RDF, construction material, realize the minimizing of house refuse, innoxious and resource.
1, household garbage rough sorting choosing
Crude waste carries out rough segmentation route selection through steel plate feeding mouth, and rough segmentation route selection is made up of A, B two sorting lines run parallel, and first rubbish deliver to two-stage broken bag screening plant, carries out the separated and collected of garbage bag breaking and bulk rubbish, footwear.The long 8m of rotary screen for breaking bags, diameter of cylinder 2.5m, sieve aperture is 10cm bar shaped, is 1 ~ 5 degree with horizontal plane angle.
Screenings enters the magnetic sorting apparatus of high 6m, electromagnetic separator 1 and magnetic separation belt 2 are positioned at device 5.5 meters of eminences, vertical lower 1 meter of is commutation bounce-back belt feeder 3, rubbish is after magnetic separation and commutation bounce-back sorting, ferromagnetic material enters magnetic separation line through commutation magnetic separator, two-stage magnetic separation roller sieve is by old metal separation and recovery such as pop cans, again through bouncing sorter by battery, the separation such as lighter, residue masonry, footwear, the hard-degraded substances such as rubber are used as construction material, remain degradable material after sorting to export belt by material and be transported to Biological Pretreatment storehouse and process.The outlet of rotary screen for breaking bags oversize and magnetic sorting apparatus waste material line exit are equipped with pneumatic separation device, and are connected with baling press with plastic dry cleaning machine, and for plastics recovery, plastic recycling device is known device.
2, house refuse pretreatment
House refuse enters open pretreatment storehouse and carries out facultative biofermentation, rubbish after ragging adopts bar buttress formula to stack, wide 5 ~ the 8m of heap body, long 10 ~ 30m, high 2.5 ~ 3.5 meters, and stack separately according to rubbish warehouse entry time difference, whole processing procedure does not need to ventilate or turning, pretreatment temperature controls at 35 ~ 65 DEG C, processing time 8 ~ 30d, and after process, msw water content reduces by more than 60%.Warehouse top is provided with foul smell collection conduit, percolate guiding gutter at the bottom of storehouse that compost produces enters sewage disposal system, advanced treating is carried out respectively through anaerobic reation pool, A/O treatment pond, ultrafiltration and catalytic ozonation pond, sewage-treatment plant is known device, and the sewage after process is used for plant area's greening.
3, the meticulous sorting of house refuse
Rubbish after Biological Pretreatment is transported to the meticulous sorting line that A, B two run parallel, rubbish carries out being separated sorting with three grades of rotary screens through one-level rotary screen, magnetic sorting apparatus first.This magnetic sorting apparatus height 6m, top is provided with foul gas collection conduit 4, and electromagnetic separator 1 and magnetic separation belt 2 are positioned at device 5.5 meters of eminences, and vertical lower 1 meter of is commutation bounce-back belt feeder 3.Garbage inlet 5 is horizontal by 8 degree of angles, and feed belt 6 is wide is 160cm, and metal discharging opening 7 is positioned at immediately below charging aperture, and the wide 80cm of metal splicing belt 8, direction and feed belt are 90 degree.Rubbish is after magnetic separation and commutation bounce-back sorting, and the hard-degraded substances such as masonry, glass, footwear, rubber are delivered to waste material line through waste outlet, and waste outlet 9 is horizontal by 8 degree.Rotary screen diameter 2m, long 8m, be made up of shell 10, belt pulley 11, bar shaped screen cloth 12, support 13, baffle plate 14, engine 15, with horizontal plane all in 1.5 degree of angles.Mixing through elementary magnetic separation is ferromagnetic selects material, brings rotary screen into through magnetic separation line belt, and rotary screen rotates with 0.2 ~ 0.8m/s speed under belt pulley drives, and varigrained material is collected after screening.Level Four rotary screen measure-alike, annular screen-aperture is respectively 10cm, 5cm, 5cm and 3cm.The outlet of rotary screen for breaking bags oversize and magnetic sorting apparatus waste material line exit are equipped with pneumatic separation device, and are connected with baling press with plastic dry cleaning machine, and for plastics recovery, plastic recycling device is known device.
The metalliferous material that magnetic sorting apparatus sub-elects enters magnetic separation line, sieves and bouncing sorter realizes the separation and recovery of the poisonous and harmful materials such as different-grain diameter metal, lighter, battery after ragging and segmentation select the ferromagnetic materials produced to merge under the effect of reversing belt machine through two-stage magnetic separation roller.Wherein, commutation magnetic separation belt is installed on above metal outfeed belt to be located, and the support upper and lower of commutation magnetic separation belt respectively installs the roller bearing 17 that two middle parts are magnet 16, and commutation magnetic separation belt 18 is vertical with metal outfeed belt 8, and parallel with magnetic separation line belt.On the magnetic separation belt of commutation magnetic separation belt, compartment of terrain is horizontally installed with prismatic magnetic rubber strip 19.Magnetic pulley sieve is two-stage, and the mesh size that the first order magnetic pulley be connected with magnetic separation line belt sieves is greater than the mesh size that second level magnetic pulley sieves; Magnetic pulley sieve is installed into horizontal by 1 ~ 8 degree, and discharge end is provided with baffle plate 14, is convenient to material collection.The spring belt of bouncing sorter is horizontal by 1 ~ 5 degree of angle.
4, house refuse aerobic compost
Screenings after the meticulous sorting of rubbish enters aerobic fermentation chamber and carries out aerobic compost, and oversize makes derivatived fuel through broken, briquetting.Rubbish adopts bar buttress formula to stack, wide 5 ~ the 8m of heap body, long 10 ~ 30m, high 1 ~ 2 meter, and stack separately according to rubbish warehouse entry time difference, temperature controls at 40 ~ 65 DEG C, processing time is 15 ~ 30d, by exhaust ventilation bottom heap body, heap body oxygen content is made to remain on more than 10%, ventilation frequency 10 ~ 24h/d.Rubbish after compost realizes innoxious, and msw water content declines more than 80%.
5, biological organic fertilizer preparation
House refuse is meticulous compost after the product of ragging, Biological Pretreatment, meticulous sorting and aerobic compost sieves again, hard-degraded substance in rubbish is made to decompose with innoxious further, waste height 1 ~ the 2m of meticulous compost, processing time 10 ~ 30d under 30 ~ 70 DEG C of conditions, does not need process of ventilating.Composting production after becoming thoroughly decomposed prepares finished product biological organic fertilizer through fragmentation, granulation, polishing and packing.
6, garbage derivatived fuel makes
Mixed in proportion with lime by flammable for high heating value after refuse classification oversize, wherein plastics, lime account for 80% and 5% of material dry weight.Brokenly after each mixing of materials, extruded make garbage derivatived fuel RDF.RDF is cylinder particle, diameter 10 ~ 30mm, length 30 ~ 100mm.Construction material is made in the inertia oversize regeneration such as masonry.
7, secondary pollution control method
Mechanical sorting equipment, the fermentation cabin top of destructor plant are equipped with foul gas collection conduit, and foul smell successively enters scrubbing tower, double-deck biofilter processes.Be filled with high absorption property filtrate in double-deck biofilter, filtrate is made up of aerobic compost product and part oversize (bamboo wood, fabric etc.), and composting production and oversize ratio are 10: 1.
Rubbish biological process is provided with leachate collection groove bottom storehouse, and the percolate produced in processing procedure is respectively through anaerobic pond (22 × 25 × 7,3850m
3), aerobic aeration pond (18 × 20 × 7,2520m
3), cooling tower (2 cover), catalytic ozonation pond (6 × 8 × 7,336m
3) etc. facility carry out advanced treating.After process, sewage is mainly used in the moisturizing of plant area's greening, biological fermentation process; Processing procedure produce mud and sorting after rubbish be mixed into row aerobic compost.
The present invention innovates and adopts parallel double sorting line, and broken bag, screening, magnetic separation, selection by winnowing, spring sorting technology are organically combined, sorting line compact in design, each functional unit Equipments Setting are reasonable, and sorting efficiency significantly improves.Make full use of waste material on garbage sorting sieve, biological compost product, make the garbage derivatived fuel RDF, filter material for biological filter, construction material etc. with high added value in different ways, realize house refuse zero-emission and resource, recovery energy.
Claims (8)
1. the method that controls of one way of life comprehensive garbage disposal and secondary pollution, its main flow is:
1) household garbage rough sorting choosing
First house refuse carries out the separated and collected of garbage bag breaking and bulk rubbish, and the screenings after sorting carries out being separated and reclaiming of ferromagnetic material and hard-degraded substance;
2) house refuse pretreatment
Degradable material carries out facultative biofermentation pretreatment, and pretreatment temperature controls at 30 ~ 65 DEG C, and the material water ratio after process reduces by more than 60%;
3) Domestic garbage fine sorting
Pretreated material is carried out again segmentation choosing, separating ferrum magnetic material and hard-degraded substance, to sieve through two-stage magnetic separation roller after selecting isolated ferromagnetic materials to merge ragging and segmentation and bouncing sorter realizes the separation and recovery of different-grain diameter metal;
4) house refuse aerobic compost
Oversize after segmentation choosing enters aerobic fermentation chamber and carries out aerobic compost, and the temperature of aerobic compost is 40 ~ 70 DEG C, and the house refuse moisture content after compost declines more than 80%;
5) biological organic fertilizer preparation
Material through ragging, pretreatment, segmentation choosing and aerobic compost carries out sieving laggard row aerobic compost again, and make hard-degraded substance in rubbish decompose with innoxious further, the composting production after becoming thoroughly decomposed is this refined biometric fertilizer;
6) garbage derivatived fuel makes
Mixed in proportion with lime by flammable oversize after refuse classification, wherein plastics, lime account for 80% and 5% of material dry weight, brokenly after each mixing of materials, extruded make garbage derivatived fuel; Non-combustible oversize makes construction material;
7) secondary pollution control method
Mechanical sorting equipment, the fermentation cabin top of destructor plant are equipped with foul gas collection conduit, and foul smell successively enters scrubbing tower, double-deck biofilter processes; Be filled with filtrate in double-deck biofilter, filtrate is made up of aerobic compost product and part oversize, and composting production and oversize ratio are 10:1;
Rubbish biological process is provided with leachate collection groove bottom storehouse, and the percolate produced in processing procedure processes through anaerobic pond respectively, and after process, sewage is used for the moisturizing of plant area's greening, biological fermentation process; Processing procedure produce mud and sorting after rubbish be mixed into row aerobic compost;
Wherein, garbage rough sorting and segmentation choosing all adopt two sorting lines run parallel;
Carry out ferromagnetic material and hard-degraded substance to be separated and to reclaim be adopt magnetic sorting apparatus, this magnetic sorting apparatus is made up of electromagnetic separator, magnetic-separation belt conveyor, material commutation bounce-back belt feeder, house refuse is after feed belt machine is delivered to magnetic sorting apparatus, ferromagnetic material in rubbish is recycled under the acting in conjunction of electromagnetic separator and magnetic separation belt, residual refuse enters commutation bounce-back machine, separated according to each density of fraction, proportion and air drag difference.
2. method according to claim 1, wherein, garbage rough sorting is made up of two-stage rotary screen for breaking bags, magnetic sorting apparatus; Rubbish segmentation choosing is made up of one-level rotary screen, magnetic sorting apparatus, three grades of rotary screens.
3. method according to claim 2, wherein, the oversize outlet of every grade of rotary screen and magnetic sorting apparatus waste outlet are all furnished with wind power sorting device, and the material that selection by winnowing goes out enters plastic dry cleaning machine and plastics baling press under the conveying of selection by winnowing belt.
4. method according to claim 1, wherein, the metalliferous material that magnetic sorting apparatus sub-elects enters magnetic separation line, through commutation magnetic-separation belt conveyor, two-stage magnetic separation roller sieve and bouncing sorter after elder generation, realize bottle cap, battery, lighter respectively according to the separation and recovery of different grain size, density and elasticity ferromagnetic material.
5. method according to claim 1, wherein, the oxygen content 0 ~ 5% of house refuse pretreatment condition, temperature 30 ~ 65 DEG C.
6. method according to claim 1, wherein, the draft type of aerobic compost is exhaust ventilation bottom heap body, ventilation frequency 5 ~ 24h/d.
7. method according to claim 1, wherein, leachate collection and ventilation are all by piling strip groove bottom body, and trench cross-section is trapezium structure wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.
8. method according to claim 1, wherein, garbage derivatived fuel is squeezed into cylinder particle after adding chlorine-solidifying agent in making after Mechanical Crushing, and chlorine-solidifying agent is Ca (OH)
2and/or CaO
2, chlorine-solidifying agent addition is 5% ~ 20% of rubbish dry weight.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN104801528B (en) * | 2014-01-28 | 2017-04-12 | 常州大学 | Domestic waste organic treatment method |
| CN104446715A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2015-03-25 | 吴长江 | Kitchen waste treatment method |
| CN104668277B (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2016-08-24 | 上海环境卫生工程设计院 | Organic slurry anaerobism resource recovering system based on household kitchen wastes and method |
| CN107262490A (en) * | 2016-04-08 | 2017-10-20 | 深圳华云环保科技发展有限公司 | Comprehensive treating system for life garbage and technique |
| CN107030089B (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2023-02-17 | 江阴市广福机械有限公司 | Household garbage treatment production line and household garbage treatment process thereof |
| CN108300533A (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2018-07-20 | 光大环保技术研究院（南京）有限公司 | A kind of garbage derivatived fuel and preparation method thereof |
| CN108620418B (en) * | 2018-05-16 | 2024-05-24 | 中国葛洲坝集团股份有限公司 | Urban solid waste full-recycling treatment and recycling system and method |
| CN108753406A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-11-06 | 阿尔法环能生物能源有限公司 | A kind of household refuse landfill sites original position aerobic stabilization technique |
| CN109848171A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-06-07 | 江苏润环设备股份有限公司 | A kind of processing is new to generate 2000 tons of intelligent equipments of house refuse |
| CN112642565B (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2022-03-15 | 北京建筑大学 | System and method for full resource treatment of town garbage |
| CN112939649B (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-07-26 | 北京建筑大学 | Integrated integrated wet garbage in-situ resource treatment system and treatment method |
| CN113680794B (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2022-06-07 | 厦门陆海环保股份有限公司 | Treatment process for intelligently sorting low-value recyclable household garbage |
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| US6467708B1 (en) * | 2000-02-02 | 2002-10-22 | Robert Terzini | Method of processing municipal waste |
| CN1654434A (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2005-08-17 | 薛占何 | Urban domestic garbage comprehensive treatment technology |
| CN201015727Y (en) * | 2006-12-07 | 2008-02-06 | 广州电器科学研究院 | Organic waste gases or stench processing system |
| CN102527701B (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2013-08-21 | 北京昊海天际科技有限公司 | Comprehensive treating system for domestic wastes |
| CN102615092B (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2015-09-23 | 苏州天荣能源环境科技有限公司 | A kind of municipal refuse treatment device and method |
| CN102671928B (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2014-02-26 | 四川川润环保能源科技有限公司 | Method for sorting and comprehensively using urban mixed garbage |
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