CN104668277B - Organic slurry anaerobism resource recovering system based on household kitchen wastes and method - Google Patents
Organic slurry anaerobism resource recovering system based on household kitchen wastes and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of organic slurry anaerobism resource recovering system based on household kitchen wastes and method, this system includes: receive the reception bucket of household kitchen garbage, two bouncers with pneumatic separating mechanism, pressafiner and anaerobic digestion reaction vessel, the present invention passes through broken bag, once screen with cross-elasticity, plastic waste material is isolated after secondary and secondary wind filter, heavy substance and intermediate material, finally by pressafiner, intermediate material is extruded, obtain serosity more than kitchen to be delivered to anaerobic digestion reaction vessel and use semidry method to carry out anaerobic digestion, remaining Yugan, kitchen slag is delivered to incineration plant and is carried out incineration disposal.The present invention can efficiently separate the metal class impurity in rubbish from cooking and other the most stifled things, significantly improves treatment effeciency and has saved the energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technology of a kind of field of environment protection, low for existing categorized consumer waste level, form family kitchen
The characteristic that remaining impurity content is high, plastic content is high, moisture is high, calorific value is low, proposes a kind of household kitchen wastes and prepares organic slurry
Liquid anaerobism method of resource, disposes for existing low-level classification household kitchen wastes and provides outlet.
Background technology
Along with China's Development of China's Urbanization advances and the expansion of city size, the annual average rate of increase of China's domestic waste is up to
8%～10%, the rate of increase in some cities is even as high as 15%～20%.Showing according to national statistics office data, within 2012, China is raw
Refuse collection amount of living has reached 1.71 hundred million tons, and a large amount of generation of house refuse causes very big load to urban development and social environment, carries out
It is the fundamental way realizing Sources decreasing that categorized consumer waste is collected.
Having many cities to carry out categorised collection exploration, such as Beijing, Guangzhou, Xiamen etc. in domestic existing city, Shanghai City exists
Categorized consumer waste collection aspect has also carried out positive trial, within 2011, has arranged 1000 categorized consumer wastes and has collected community,
Within 2012, set up 1000 communities.Meanwhile, Shanghai City government formulates for categorized consumer waste and has promulgated many management systems,
Such as " Shanghai City changing food waste into resources utilizes facilities planning ", " reality about propelling this city categorized consumer waste promotion Sources decreasing
Execute suggestion ", " Shanghai City house refuse collection and disposition management method ", " Shanghai City categorized consumer waste facilities and equipment configuration directive/guide
(trying) ", " the Shanghai City People's Government prints and distributes about the notice strengthening further the some suggestions of this city managing household garbage ".
But, in view of the existing national conditions of China, categorized consumer waste level is relatively low, the organic principle of sorted household kitchen wastes
The most relatively low (VS/TS=65～75%), bagging degree is high, present " three high and one low " characteristic (plastic content is high, and moisture is high,
Impurity content is high, and incinerating combustion value is low), this type of household kitchen garbage is not suitable for directly using landfill, burning or compost treatment disposal technology.①
Directly landfill: moisture content is the highest, landfill operation difficulty, content of organics is high, produces a large amount of high concentration, difficult degradation percolate, band
Carry out serious secondary pollution problem；The most directly burn: high-moisture percentage cause family's wet refuse calorific value low (generally 100～500 kilocalories/
Kilogram) cannot directly burn, needing to add auxiliary fuel, dramatically increase burning cost, the highest plastic content is easily caused incineration flue gas
Two English problems；3. direct compost: moisture content is too high, and composting process needs to add a large amount of regulator, and impurity content is high, and compost produces
Product quality does not ensure, needs to solve a large amount of composting production problem of outlet.
Actual in conjunction with domestic and international project, it is that one has that organic principle in household kitchen wastes carries out producing methane through anaerobic fermentation resource
The process disposal method of effect.But due to China's household kitchen wastes complicated component, directly carry out anaerobic digestion existing problems, may
Cause anaerobic fermentation failure.So, organic principle in household kitchen garbage need to be separated with impurity component, after separation, organic principle anaerobism is sent out
Ferment produces biogas utilization, and other separation components carry out recycling according to characteristic.
For household kitchen wastes pretreatment, carry out numerous trial, Chinese patent literature CN103567029A, publication date
2014 02 12, disclose a kind of bag breaking screening machine and include the restaurant garbage treating system of this bag breaking screening machine, utilizing bouncing pin and bullet
Ratchet bar on pogo stick, realizes broken bag and screening by bouncing and tearing.Chinese patent literature CN103418605A, publication date
2013 12 04, open a kind of horizontal type complete set crushing and purifying device for kitchen garbage.Including charging bag breaking area, hammer crushing district, weight
Material Disengagement zone and biomass Disengagement zone；The discharging opening of charging bag breaking area connects with the charging aperture in hammer crushing district, the interior storehouse of interior shaft screen
For hammer crushing district, the warehouse between outer shaft screen and interior shaft screen is heavy substance Disengagement zone, and hammer crushing district and heavy substance Disengagement zone are same
Axle circular ring type is arranged, screen drum is internal is biomass Disengagement zone, and hammer crushing district and biomass Disengagement zone are coaxially arranged, hammer crushing
District, heavy substance Disengagement zone and biomass Disengagement zone are installed in housing, and plastics discharging opening is externally arranged housing and is positioned at biomass
The outside of Disengagement zone.
Chinese patent literature CN102357515A, publication date 2,012 02 22, at open a kind of kitchen waste crushing squeezing
Reason machine.Kitchen waste crushing squeezing processor includes pulverizing part and press dewatering part, and structure is pair roller type reducing mechanism, passes through
Extrude and the gear on roller is carried out broken dehydration.Chinese patent literature CN103085307A, publication date 2,013 05 08, public
Open a kind of rubbish from cooking and extract squeezer, pass through screw extrusion, it is achieved the method that more than kitchen, serosity separates.
Rubbish from cooking is processed and proposes different directions by said method, but there is following defect:
1) composition of rubbish from cooking is complicated, comprises the various material of metal impurities, plastic bag etc., is very different with changing food waste；
As used the broken method of routine, either hammer or high speed rotating cut mode, it is likely to equipment is caused damage；
2) using squeezing fashion of extrusion is the most organic a kind of separation method, but material particular diameter is had by extruding press apparatus to be wanted
Ask, containing more plastics in household kitchen garbage, and containing bulk matter, easily block press apparatus, be likely to result in device current overload.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to deficiencies of the prior art, propose a kind of organic slurry anaerobism resource based on household kitchen wastes
Recovery system and method, efficiently separate the metal class impurity in rubbish from cooking and other the most stifled things, significantly improve treatment effeciency and save
The about energy.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention relates to a kind of organic slurry anaerobism resource recovering system based on household kitchen wastes, including: receive household kitchen garbage
Receive bucket, two bouncers with pneumatic separating mechanism, pressafiner and anaerobic digestion reaction vessel, wherein: receive
The outfan of bucket and the first bouncer are connected, and the top output port of the first bouncer is provided with pneumatic separating mechanism, to once bullet
The light matter material that vanning is selected carries out a wind filter and exports the plastic waste material obtained to collecting box, the first pneumatic separating mechanism
Leftover materials output to the second bouncer be connected, the middle part outfan of the first bouncer is connected with pressafiner, the first bullet
Bottom outfan and the second bouncer of jumping device are connected, and the top output port of the second bouncer is provided with pneumatic separating mechanism,
The light matter material filtering out secondary bounce carries out secondary wind filter and is collected by the plastic waste material after gained and a wind filter,
The leftover materials of the second pneumatic separating mechanism are transmitted back to receive bucket, and the middle part outfan of the second bouncer is connected with pressafiner,
The bottom of the second bouncer exports final heavy substance and discharges, and pressafiner is delivered to anaerobism by finally squeezing serosity more than the kitchen obtained
Digestion reactor, slag tap as Yugan, kitchen slag discharge.
The present invention relates to its recovery method as resource of said system, comprise the following steps:
After the first step, household kitchen garbage receive, enter the first bouncer and carry out broken bag and screening of once bouncing, screening of once bouncing
After the light materials that obtains enter the first pneumatic separating mechanism, by blast, plastic product isolated plastic waste material and remaining light materials,
Realize a wind filter；The heavy substance obtained after wind filter gained residual substance and once spring screening enters the second spring
Device, the intermediate material once obtained after spring screening is delivered to pressafiner.
Described remaining light materials includes but not limited to once sort in light material and the most also cannot not break by the part of wind-force blowout
The plastic bag of bag, has such as adhered to the plastic bag of large amount of organic material.
Residual substance and heavy substance that the first step is obtained by second step, the second bouncer carry out secondary bounce screening, secondary bounce
The light materials obtained after screening is delivered to the second pneumatic separating mechanism and carries out secondary wind filter to be further separated out plastic waste material, and two
The heavy substance obtained after secondary spring screening is delivered to household refuse landfill sites landfill stabilization, the intermediate material obtained after secondary bounce screening
It is delivered to pressafiner.
Above-mentioned once with secondary wind filter after the plastic waste material that obtains once purged for recycling.
Described pneumatic separating mechanism uses low pressure centrifugal extension set, for this wind of light materials once or obtained after secondary bounce screening
The outlet pressure of power sorting mechanism arranges more than 40kpa, and air quantity is more than 200m3/min。
3rd step, the intermediate material that obtains after once bounce screening and secondary bounce screening is extruded by pressafiner,
Obtaining serosity more than kitchen to be delivered to anaerobic digestion reaction vessel and use semidry method to carry out anaerobic digestion, remaining Yugan, kitchen slag is delivered to incineration plant and is entered
Row incineration disposal.
More than described kitchen, serosity TS is about 20%, and VS/TS is about 90%, and more than kitchen, serosity can be directly entered without dilution and detest
Oxygen reactor reacts.
Technique effect
Compared with prior art, the technique effect of the present invention includes:
1) for the household kitchen garbage of domestic existing low-level categorised collection, the pretreatment facility that a set of engineering is feasible is formed, it is achieved
Efficiently separating of organic slurry and household kitchen garbage, organic slurry ratio accounts for about the 50% of household kitchen garbage weight；
2) by semidry method anaerobic digestion reaction vessel, it is achieved organic slurry producing methane through anaerobic fermentation, it is achieved organic substance resource profit
With；
3) combined by distinct device, formed a set of can project scale metaplasia produce household kitchen garbage disposal facility, it is achieved separating plastic
Resource, by separating organic slurry, improves Yugan, kitchen slag calorific value (moisture content about 50%, calorific value 1200kcal/kg), favorably
Incineration disposal in Yugan, kitchen slag.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is present invention process flow chart；
Fig. 2 is present system schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is pressafiner schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is single pressafiner schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is spring machine schematic diagram；
In figure: hopper 1, disintegrating machine 2, bouncer 3a, 3b, blower fan 4a, 4b, pressafiner 5a, 5b, collection
Case 6, artificial separation platform 7, anaerobic digestion reaction vessel 8, shaft 9, ramp 10, top 11, bottom 12, sieve plate 13.
Detailed description of the invention
Elaborating embodiments of the invention below, the present embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention,
Give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 2～Fig. 5, the present embodiment includes: receive household kitchen garbage receives the bucket 1, two the spring dress with blower fan
Put 3a, 3b, pressafiner 5 and anaerobic digestion reaction vessel 8, wherein: receive outfan and first bouncer of bucket 1
3a is connected, and the top output port of the first bouncer 3a is provided with blower fan 4, and the light matter material selecting bounce screen carries out one
The plastic waste material output obtained also is exported to the second bouncer by secondary wind filter to collecting box 6, the leftover materials of the first blower fan 4a
3b is connected, and the middle part outfan of the first bouncer 3a is connected with pressafiner 5, the bottom output of the first bouncer 3a
End is connected with the second bouncer 3b, and the top output port of the second bouncer 3b is provided with blower fan 4, deletes secondary bounce and selects
Light matter material carry out secondary wind filter and the plastic waste material after gained and a wind filter collected, the second blower fan 4b's is surplus
Excess material is transmitted back to receive bucket 1, and the middle part outfan of the second bouncer 3b is connected with pressafiner 5, the second bouncer
The bottom of 3b exports final heavy substance and discharges, and pressafiner 5 is delivered to anaerobic digestion reaction by finally squeezing serosity more than the kitchen obtained
Device 8, slag tap as Yugan, kitchen slag discharge.
Described reception bucket 1 is provided with disintegrating machine 2, the most directly passes through conveying worm when receiving the ordinary material in household kitchen garbage
It is delivered to one-level bouncer 3, when the large-scale material (such as large-scale wooden unit, furniture etc.) received in household kitchen garbage breaks through disintegrating machine 2
Export again after broken to the first bouncer 3a.
As it is shown on figure 3, described pressafiner is two 5a, 5b parallel-connection structures.
As shown in Figure 4, being provided with seven shafts 9 in the present embodiment in each pressafiner, these shafts 9 are divided into four row；
The outfan of the 7th shaft is connected with anaerobic digestion reaction vessel 8, and above-mentioned two pressafiners 5a, 5b are preferably specular
Arrange.
As it is shown in figure 5, first and second described bouncer 3a, 3b built-in angular adjustable spring inclined ramps 10, should
The upper end 11 in ramp 10 is light materials outlet, and attaching most importance to material outlet in the bottom 12 in ramp, is provided with sieve plate 13 in ramp 10
Carry out screening and obtain intermediate material.
Described sieve plate is provided with the sieve aperture of diameter 8cm.
The present embodiment is pilot scale 25 ton day process level, specifically includes following steps:
1, using 8 hours dutys, arrange reception hopper, material is transported to disposing base by transport vehicle more than special kitchen, fortune
Material is poured in reception hopper by defeated car, receives hopper and arranges a movable top cover, and during discharging, top cover is opened, and closes during not discharging
Close, reduce foul smell volatilization.
2, use Shaftless screw conveyor conveying material (diameter of axle 50cm), rubbish from cooking is delivered to bullet with the speed of 3.125t/h
Jumping separator charging aperture, one-level bouncing sorter, after sorting, obtains intermediate material (once) 15t, obtains heavy substance (once) 5t,
Obtain light materials (once) 5t, control dividing potential drop 40kpa, air quantity 200m3/min, obtain plastic product 1.75t, after obtaining selecting crude drugs with winnower
Product 3.25t.
3, heavy substance 5t after one-level spring sorting and product 3.25t after selecting crude drugs with winnower has respectively and is fallen into two grades of next layer by pipeline
Bouncing sorter (two bouncing sorter wind are not positioned at one layer and two layers, floor height 5m), obtains intermediate material (secondary) 3.75t, obtains
Heavy substance (finally) 3.5t, obtains light materials 1t, controls dividing potential drop 40kpa, air quantity 200m3/ min, obtains plastic product 0.85t,
The light materials that a small amount of selecting crude drugs with winnower cannot separate returns and receives hopper (0.15t).
4, intermediate material (once) 15t and intermediate material (secondary) 3.75t is delivered to spiral pressure by pipeline and conveying worm respectively
The import of crusher, by screw press, obtains serosity 12.5t and Yugan, kitchen slag 6.5t more than kitchen.The solid content of Yugan, kitchen slag is high, and
Calorific value is high, can be as novel high-performance bio fuel RDF.
More than kitchen, serosity 12.5t is delivered to serum storage tank by Pulp pump, and the volume of serum storage tank is 40m3, by serum storage tank
Material is uniformly delivered in dry anaerobic digestion reactor according to 24h, controls about charging rate 0.52t/h, it is ensured that anaerobic digestion
Material in reactor is uniform and stable.
Table 1 household kitchen garbage processes process stream balance sheet
25t household kitchen garbage, ultimately forms 12.5t serosity (going anaerobic digestion), Yugan, 6.25t kitchen slag (incineration disposal), 2.5t weight
Material (landfill stabilization, or reclaim metal), 3.75t light materials (resource after plastic cleaning)
Serosity semidry method anaerobic digestion parameter more than table 2 kitchen
PH maintains about 7.4, and reactor is neutral alkalescence on the weak side, without acidification phenomenon.Reactor ORP maintains 459mv,
Show that reactor is in good anaerobic state.Organic loading reaches 13.44kgVS/m3, unit volume gas production is 11.22L/L,
Unit organic matter factor of created gase reaches 0.835L/gVS, and gas producing efficiency has relation, strain concentration to reach 23.4g/L higher than strain concentration.
Claims (8)
- null1. an organic slurry anaerobism resource recovering system based on household kitchen wastes，It is characterized in that，Including: receive the reception bucket of household kitchen garbage、Two bouncers with pneumatic separating mechanism、Pressafiner and anaerobic digestion reaction vessel，Wherein: the outfan and the first bouncer that receive bucket are connected，The top output port of the first bouncer is provided with the first pneumatic separating mechanism，The light matter material selecting bounce screen carries out a wind filter and exports the plastic waste material obtained to collecting box，The leftover materials of the first pneumatic separating mechanism export to the second bouncer，The middle part outfan of the first bouncer is connected with pressafiner，The bottom outfan of the first bouncer and the second bouncer are connected，The top output port of the second bouncer is provided with the second pneumatic separating mechanism，The light matter material filtering out secondary bounce carries out secondary wind filter and is collected by the plastic waste material after gained and a wind filter，The leftover materials of the second pneumatic separating mechanism are transmitted back to receive bucket，The middle part outfan of the second bouncer is connected with pressafiner，Final heavy substance is discharged by the bottom outfan of the second bouncer，Pressafiner is delivered to anaerobic digestion reaction vessel by finally squeezing serosity more than the kitchen obtained、Slag tap and discharge as Yugan, kitchen slag.
- Organic slurry anaerobism resource recovering system the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described reception bucket is provided with disintegrating machine, is the most directly delivered to the first bouncer by conveying worm when receiving or exports to the first bouncer after crusher in crushing again after bucket receives household kitchen garbage.
- Organic slurry anaerobism resource recovering system the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described pressafiner is two parallel-connection structures, and two pressafiners are that specular is arranged.
- Organic slurry anaerobism resource recovering system the most according to claim 3, is characterized in that, is provided with seven shafts in each pressafiner, and these shafts are divided into four row；The outfan of the 7th shaft is connected with anaerobic digestion reaction vessel.
- Organic slurry anaerobism resource recovering system the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the first and second bouncer built-in angular adjustable spring inclined ramp, the upper end in this ramp is light materials outlet, attaching most importance to material outlet in the bottom in ramp, is provided with sieve plate and carries out screening and obtain intermediate material in ramp.
- Organic slurry anaerobism resource recovering system the most according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described sieve plate is provided with the sieve aperture of diameter 8cm.
- 7. its recovery method as resource according to the organic slurry anaerobism resource recovering system described in any of the above-described claim, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:After the first step, household kitchen garbage receive, enter the first bouncer and carry out broken bag and screening of once bouncing, once after spring screening, the light materials that obtains enters the first pneumatic separating mechanism, by blast, plastic product is isolated plastic waste material and remaining light materials, it is achieved a wind filter；The heavy substance obtained after wind filter gained residual substance and once spring screening enters the second bouncer, and the intermediate material once obtained after spring screening is delivered to pressafiner；Residual substance and heavy substance that the first step is obtained by second step, the second bouncer carry out secondary bounce screening, the light materials obtained after secondary bounce screening is delivered to the second pneumatic separating mechanism and carries out secondary wind filter to be further separated out plastic waste material, the heavy substance obtained after secondary bounce screening is delivered to household refuse landfill sites landfill stabilization, and the intermediate material obtained after secondary bounce screening is delivered to pressafiner；3rd step, the intermediate material that obtains after once bounce screening and secondary bounce screening is extruded by pressafiner, obtaining serosity more than kitchen to be delivered to anaerobic digestion reaction vessel and use semidry method to carry out anaerobic digestion, remaining Yugan, kitchen slag is delivered to incineration plant and is carried out incineration disposal.
- Its recovery method as resource the most according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, described pneumatic separating mechanism uses low pressure centrifugal blower fan, for the light materials once or obtained after secondary bounce screening, the outlet pressure of this pneumatic separating mechanism arranges more than 40kpa, and air quantity is more than 200m3/min。
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| CN107790385A (en) * | 2017-10-27 | 2018-03-13 | 保定市方正机械厂 | A kind of flip-over type material layering screening installation for refuse classification |
| CN113843254A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2021-12-28 | 杭州市环境集团有限公司 | Large-scale treatment method for kitchen waste treated by taking incineration as tail end |
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| BE898799A (en) * | 1983-02-01 | 1984-07-31 | Icopower Bv | Sieving refuse from hammer mill - medium sieve fraction ballistically classified with coarse fraction added after further hammer milling |
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| JPH0975904A (en) * | 1995-09-08 | 1997-03-25 | Nansei Kensetsu Kk | Crude refuse treating device |
| CN102527701A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-07-04 | 北京昊海天际科技有限公司 | Comprehensive treating system for domestic wastes |
| CN103008326A (en) * | 2012-11-27 | 2013-04-03 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Method for comprehensive treatment of household refuses and secondary pollution control |
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Address after: 200001 unit 1216, building 1, No.10 Jianguo Middle Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai Patentee after: SHANGHAI ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION ENGINEERING DESIGN INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Address before: 200002 room 06q, 381 south Suzhou Road, Huangpu District, Shanghai Patentee before: SHANGHAI ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION ENGINEERING DESIGN INSTITUTE |
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