CN101886010A - Method for preparing regeneration pellet fuel of urban household garbage - Google Patents
Method for preparing regeneration pellet fuel of urban household garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN101886010A CN101886010A CN2010102247335A CN201010224733A CN101886010A CN 101886010 A CN101886010 A CN 101886010A CN 2010102247335 A CN2010102247335 A CN 2010102247335A CN 201010224733 A CN201010224733 A CN 201010224733A CN 101886010 A CN101886010 A CN 101886010A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing the regeneration pellet fuel of urban household garbage, which adopts the following steps of: comprehensive treatment of household garbage, burdening, secondary mixing and crushing, material drying, fuel forming, cooling and packaging and the like. The regeneration pellet fuel of the urban household garbage prepared by the method has the advantages that: the burdening process is adopted in the process of preparing garbage fuel to balance a heat value of the garbage fuel; the garbage fuel is prepared by adopting fully-mechanized assembly line operation, the process of garbage disposal has no phenomenon of material retention, no secondary pollution and no generation of garbage percolate and reduces mosquitoes and flies and the stench grade to the lowest limit, and simultaneously, the heat value of combustible matters in the processing process is not lost basically; and the fuel is dried first before forming, and has the high heat efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental technology field, particularly a kind of preparation method of regeneration pellet fuel of urban household garbage.
Background technology
At present China's domestic waste every year is just with 10% speed increase, and the municipal wastes of implementing simple and easy processing only accounts for 2.3% of total amount, because China can use the soil to be less than 3.85% of the U.S. per capita, China's scrap heap storage over the years is up to 6,000,000,000 tons at present, occupy cultivated land 500,000,000 square metres, direct economic loss reaches 8,000,000,000 yuans.National urban has now developed into 660, and wherein existing 200 cities are absorbed among the rubbish encirclement.With urban population 2.6 hundred million, produce 440 kilograms of rubbish for each person every year and calculate, producing quantity of refuse is 1.14 hundred million tons, can make the city of 1,000,000 populations cover 1 meter.And also increasing progressively in the speed with 8～10% every year.China has become the heaviest country of rubbish burden in the world, municipal wastes innoxious, subtract appearanceization and recycling treatment is extremely urgent.But then, if with its whole utilizations, then be equivalent to the energy of 1,340 ten thousand tons of oil.
The energy process of quickening refuse treatment is the focus that countries in the world are paid close attention to; Garbage derivatived fuel manufacturing technology (RDF technology) is ripe relatively abroad; In developed countries such as Japan, Germany, the U.S. the special company that is engaged in the operation of RDF fuel production is arranged, effectiveness of operation is good.What but they handled all is the stable sorting rubbish of component; Its production technique device is incompatible substantially for the rubbish of China.
Do not obtain the former of good effect in many international waste disposal method numerous engineering practices at home because: be subjected to the influence of consumption habit and environmental consciousness; The rubbish of external most countries is thrown in and collection method is the classification reception; At the rubbish that enters before the treatment facility; By good classification; Be subjected to simultaneously living habit influence the surplus and less moisture of hogwash class amount of substance in kitchen in the rubbish and putrescible matter lower; Packed standard; Created good condition for comprehensive reutilization.And the collection method of Chinese rubbish is the mixing reception; Kitchen in the rubbish is surplus and hogwash class amount of substance is higher; Moisture and putrescible matter are higher; Packed lack of standardization; Raw refuse " bag in the bag " form that is almost is thrown in and the interior material composition complexity of bag can't be classified; So we are commonly referred to as " high humidity composting " it possess following characteristic in field of environmental engineering:
1. mix and receive complicated component, packed thing content height; General method can't normally effectively be classified.
2. moisture is big: average moisture 50%, and limit moisture is up to 70%, and calorific value is low; The kitchen is surplus, dregs class content is higher on average accounts for 50%.Separate with the dehydration difficulty bigger; It is higher to deal with energy consumption improperly.
3. easy corrupt substances content is higher; Deal with improperly and cause serious secondary pollution; The recycling Product Safety and the commodity of rubbish are relatively poor simultaneously.Its typical composition sees the following form:
The typical composition statistics tabulation of China's rubbish
Above composition was tabulated with 2005, Shanghai and Nanjing, Nanning, four ground, Chongqing typical case's component content synthesis result.
At domestic many research institutions of the characteristic of Chinese rubbish and business unit, the fuel manufacturing technology of Chinese high humidity composting has been done a series of research:
The garbage fuel making method of domestic routine mainly is divided into following three major types:
The classification and the typical process of garbage fuel mainly contain in the existing manufacturing technology of China:
1, the compound garbage derivatived fuel of mixed coal type:
Adopt the piston punching block, at forming pressure 75KN, water ratio 10%, dirt content 20% utilizes coal and domestic refuse to prepare garbage derivatived fuel under coal proportioning 20%. room temperatures; Project still is in the fundamental research stage, does not see mass-producing factory report.
The mixed firing of its major technique defective: RDF and coal has had successful case abroad; And because the pyrolysis vapour incineration temperature that RDF produces in combustion processes is higher; Can effectively improve the burner fire box temperature, combustion-supporting preferably effect be arranged for the low grade coal of high ash content, low heat value, high point of ignition.Coal improves as calorific value and the adhesive substance of moulding but add in fuel in the determining of technological line, can form negative impact to effective thermal decomposition vaporization combustion of fuel.
2, waste classification substances derivatived fuel manufacturing technology:
This intermediate item is extracted the combustiblesubstance in the rubbish by the whole bag of tricks, adopts extrusion process to carry out fuel then and makes, and the garbage fuel utilization ratio is lower than 20%; All adopt the method for comprehensive classified use to solve to other residuums simultaneously.
Analysis by typical case draws to draw a conclusion:
Carry out fuel then and make reclaiming combustiblematerials behind the refuse classification raw material that acts as a fuel.So not only can solve the calorific value problem of fuel but also can improve recovery utilization rate.Simultaneously because the combustionproperty of the additional back of the calorific value fuel of removal interpolation coal is comparatively stable; Fuel is applied widely; The commodity performance is good.Solve but have shocking need of more problem according to existing running gear, outstanding behaviours exists:
1). according to Chinese rubbish characteristic; The surplus class material in kitchen accounts for more than 60% of rubbish quality weight; And be that packed mixing receives; Cause the separation and the course of processing wayward.
2). another quality that reclaims product-compost of refuse treatment is difficult to stable; Narrow application range, selling market are little, cheap.Cause serious overstocking, influence the operation of whole production line.
3), processing technology routine complexity; Appliance arrangement is various and the individual event yield is little; The operating cost of equipment is difficult to realize profit far above the recovery output value of product.
4), lack efficient special processing equipment guarantee, existing processing units is mining equiment and substitutes integration, bad adaptability, operation troubles height, working rate wretched insufficiency.
5), factory's severe operational environment; Three wastes discharge amount is bigger, if need qualified discharge, it is higher normally to move its control expense.
3, domestic waste complete utilization fuel manufacture craft: Chinese patent 200510021985.7 has been announced a kind of city refuse incineration furnace granular fuel manufacture craft: it adopts the automatic sorting of rubbish to remove the method for carrying out complete utilization behind the noncombustibles such as metal and produces the grains dedicated fuel of incinerator.Its primary process is:
(1) sorting, fragmentation: municipal wastes is carried out sorting, sub-elect combustiblerefuse, again these combustiblerefuses are broken into the rubbish piece material of particle diameter≤100mm;
(2) draining evaporation: is that the drop of 2900-3300Pa mixes in the storehouse and draining with above-mentioned rubbish piece material at pressure, and the moisture content in the evaporation rubbish piece material is to rubbish piece material water content≤40%;
(3) secondary is pulverized: the rubbish piece material of water content≤40% is carried out the secondary pulverizing, form the rubbish piece material of particle diameter≤50mm;
(4) granulation: in the rubbish piece material of particle diameter≤50mm, add the auxiliary agent of rubbish piece material weight 3-8%, carry out extruder grain after mixing again, form the granulated garbage material;
(5) oven dry: above-mentioned granulated garbage material is dried between 100-200 ℃,, promptly get city refuse incineration furnace granular fuel to water content≤20%.
From above process as can be seen the problem that mainly exists of its technology be:
1, adopt the method for draining evaporation remove its cycle of moisture long, the bad smell gas emissions is big, the percolate generation is big, COD in the percolate, the high processing cost of BOD content are big.
2, fermenting process makes a large amount of plant type organic degradeds, causes a large amount of calorific value losses.
3, rubbish is because reception ground and changes of seasons cause the composition gap bigger, and the fuel value deviation of its making is bigger, and the incinerator operation condition is extremely unstable.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to overcome defective of the prior art, the preparation method who provides a kind of rubbish that will be suitable for the high humidity composting characteristic of China's actual conditions to produce regeneration pellet fuel.
The present invention in order to realize the technical scheme that its technical purpose adopts is: a kind of preparation method of regeneration pellet fuel of urban household garbage, adopt following steps to produce:
Step 1: domestic waste is carried out comprehensive treating process, described domestic waste is carried out automatic sorting, fragmentation, dehydration, recovery, to can utilize thing directly to reclaim in the municipal wastes, harmful fire-retardant thing security landfill, fresh plant carries out fragmentation with the surplus cone disk type extrusion dehydration that carries out in kitchen, produces moisture organic biodegradable component regenerant recovery, the low hydrous matter of paper class below 40% and pulverizes;
Step 2: batching, the low hydrous matter of step 1 dehydrate that produces and the paper class of having pulverized is carried out average typical composition content standard batching by rubbish, the unslaked lime of inserting 0.5-1% in its process is as auxiliary agent;
Step 3: carry out secondary and mix broken: above-mentioned raw materials is carried out the processing of secondary mixing fine crushing obtain work in-process;
Step 4: drying materials: adopt efficient stirring and drying technology that half-finished moisture that step 3 produces is reduced in 25%;
Step 5: combust molding: the material that step 4 is produced carries out the extrusion molding of porous continous way, the fuel work in-process of attaining the Way;
Step 6: cooling packing: the fuel package that step 5 is produced takes on factory.
Concrete, in the step 2, described dehydrate and the low hydrous matter of the paper class of having pulverized by the calorific value requirement, determine the weight batching ratio.
Adopt the domestic garbage fuel manufacturing technology of technology of the present invention and routine to compare and have following innovation:
1, the assorting room of rubbish adopts the full automatic mechanical operation, not only labor savings cost but also improve the organic efficiency of rubbish.
2, the large quantity of moisture of garbage fuel making raw material is removed by the cone disk type press dewatering, its dewatering efficiency height, and the clean outlet energy consumption is low.
3. increase burden process, balance garbage fuel calorific value for the garbage fuel preparation process.
4, garbage fuel is made and is adopted Fully-mechanized pipelining, and refuse treatment process material does not have trapping phenomena, and no Secondary Fermentation, no percolate generation, mosquitos and flies and bad smell grade drop to bottom line, simultaneously the basic free of losses of calorific value of course of processing combustiblematerials.
5, fuel adopts oven dry aftershaping technology earlier, and its thermo-efficiency is high.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is done comparatively detailed description.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a granulated garbage fuel production schema of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, and present embodiment is a kind of regeneration pellet fuel of urban household garbage preparation technology, and as shown in Figure 1, a kind of preparation method of regeneration pellet fuel of urban household garbage is characterized in that: adopt following steps to produce:
Step 1: domestic waste is carried out comprehensive treating process, described domestic waste is carried out automatic sorting, fragmentation, dehydration, recovery, to can utilize thing directly to reclaim in the municipal wastes, harmful fire-retardant thing security landfill, fresh plant carries out fragmentation with the surplus cone disk type extrusion dehydration that carries out in kitchen, produces moisture organic biodegradable component regenerant recovery, the low hydrous matter of paper class below 40% and pulverizes;
This step is divided into two small steps, the automatic sorting of first small step, fragmentation: domestic waste is carried out effective automatization sorting fragmentation extract hard materials such as wherein battery, metal, inorganics; In this process, can utilize rubbish to be divided into three major types:
One class is that its moisture contents of lightweight combustiblematerials paper such as paper and plastics are lower than 25%, and is directly standby after the secondary grinding and processing.
Second class is the surplus mixture of earth and kitchen, and moisture is up to 60%.
Second class is materials such as high aqueous rag and bright branch, tendril, sneaks into the second class material after shredding processing.
The second small step extrusion dehydration: the mixture of above-mentioned two, three class materials is efficiently bored the dish press dewatering, its water ratio is reduced in 40%, the full water removal rate of material reaches more than 60%.
Step 2: batching, the low hydrous matter of step 1 dehydrate that produces and the paper class of having pulverized is carried out average typical composition content standard batching by rubbish, the unslaked lime of inserting 0.5-1% in its process is as auxiliary agent;
Dehydrate with the weight percent of the low hydrous matter of the paper class of having pulverized is in this step: 65.20: 12.80.
Step 3: carry out secondary and mix broken: above-mentioned raw materials is carried out the processing of secondary mixing fine crushing obtain work in-process;
Work in-process are the product of the uniform calorific value homogeneous of content, and it contains 33-35% moisture.
Step 4: drying materials: adopt efficient stirring and drying technology that half-finished moisture that step 3 produces is reduced in 25%;
Step 5: combust molding: the material that step 4 is produced carries out the extrusion molding of porous continous way, the fuel work in-process of attaining the Way;
Step 6: cooling packing: the fuel package that step 5 is produced takes on factory.
Work in-process after the extrusion molding since temperature all at 45-65 ℃, particle surface is softer, dispatches from the factory as direct packing, the probability of fuel secondary breaking and adhesion is bigger, can guarantee that after cooling its intensity can evaporate certain moisture simultaneously.
The incineration furnace granular fuel performance such as the following table that make according to the method for present embodiment:
Generally speaking, this implementation of processes of present embodiment divides 5 unit step to realize as shown in Figure 1 in the concrete time:
1. rubbish receives the sorting breaking unit: the automatic sorting and the classification shattering process of rubbish mainly realized in this unit.
2, the high heating value combustiblematerials is pulverized the unit: mainly to paper and dry goods.The material of plant class is realized efficient the pulverizing, improves the utilization ratio of this type of material.
3, refuse moisture reduces and calorific value lifting and equilibrium unit: this unit is mainly efficiently bored the high-moisture material dish extrusion dehydration and is handled, reduce the full water of material more than 60%, make discharging moisture be lower than 40%, simultaneously high heating value broken material and auxiliary agent are metered into the back by standard and adopt and mix crushing technology and be processed into calorific value and the uniform shape material in small, broken bits of moisture.
4, oven dry processing unit: will adopt moisture in the efficient stirring and drying technology rubbish to reduce to the safe moisture scope of the preservation that is easy to process below 25%.
5. combust molding and cooling unit: this unit adopts the continuously shaped technology of porous that fuel is made behind the finished product cooling process surface hardening again and the laggard capable finished product of the part moisture of going out is exported.
Carrying out the regeneration pellet fuel of urban household garbage preparation, each step all needs environmental protection facilities such as supporting environmental protection facility unit, vent gas treatment, stench and mosquitos and flies improvement, sewage disposal and mud recovery.
Claims (2)
1. the preparation method of a regeneration pellet fuel of urban household garbage is characterized in that: adopt following steps to produce:
Step 1: domestic waste is carried out comprehensive treating process, described domestic waste is carried out automatic sorting, fragmentation, dehydration, recovery, to can utilize thing directly to reclaim in the municipal wastes, harmful fire-retardant thing security landfill, fresh plant carries out fragmentation with the surplus cone disk type extrusion dehydration that carries out in kitchen, produces moisture organic biodegradable component regenerant recovery, the low hydrous matter of paper class below 40% and pulverizes;
Step 2: batching, the low hydrous matter of step 1 dehydrate that produces and the paper class of having pulverized is carried out average typical composition content standard batching by rubbish, the unslaked lime of inserting 0.5-1% in its process is as auxiliary agent;
Step 3: carry out secondary and mix broken: above-mentioned raw materials is carried out the processing of secondary mixing fine crushing obtain work in-process;
Step 4: drying materials: adopt efficient stirring and drying technology that half-finished moisture that step 3 produces is reduced in 25%;
Step 5: combust molding: the material that step 4 is produced carries out the extrusion molding of porous continous way, the fuel work in-process of attaining the Way;
Step 6: cooling packing: the fuel package that step 5 is produced takes on factory.
2. the preparation method of a kind of regeneration pellet fuel of urban household garbage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the step 2, described dehydrate and the low hydrous matter of the paper class of having pulverized by the calorific value requirement, determine the weight batching ratio.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102294348A (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2011-12-28 | 天津德为环保工程设备有限公司 | High-efficient incineration generating system for municipal domestic wastes |
| CN102492516A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-06-13 | 李东霖 | Reclaimed coal |
| CN102660346A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-09-12 | 四川川润环保能源科技有限公司 | Multi-component regenerated fuel based on domestic garbage and preparation method thereof |
| CN102676265A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-09-19 | 四川川润环保能源科技有限公司 | Formed fuel mixed with combustible garbage components and coal liquefaction residual and preparation method |
| CN104118130A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-10-29 | 南京工业大学大丰海洋产业研究院 | Manufacturing system for making abandoned biomass template |
| CN104194862A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2014-12-10 | 卢仁华 | Manufacturing method for garbage molded fuel |
| CN107858189A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-03-30 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | A kind of method that clean environment firendly recycles house refuse |
| CN108296264A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-20 | 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 | A kind of remote villages and small towns life garbage original-source decrement treatment method |
| CN108723058A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2018-11-02 | 秦皇岛威立雅环保科技有限公司 | One kind not sorting garbage fuel treatment technology |
| CN110328214A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-15 | 中山大学 | A kind of naval vessel solid waste multiple plasma processing method and system |
| TWI739281B (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2021-09-11 | 隆順綠能科技股份有限公司 | Fuel rod with a low melting point material and method for manufacturing the same |
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| CN1766073A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2006-05-03 | 四川雷鸣生物环保工程有限公司 | Preparation method of city refuse incineration furnace granular fuel |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102294348A (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2011-12-28 | 天津德为环保工程设备有限公司 | High-efficient incineration generating system for municipal domestic wastes |
| CN102492516A (en) * | 2011-12-22 | 2012-06-13 | 李东霖 | Reclaimed coal |
| CN102660346A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-09-12 | 四川川润环保能源科技有限公司 | Multi-component regenerated fuel based on domestic garbage and preparation method thereof |
| CN102676265A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-09-19 | 四川川润环保能源科技有限公司 | Formed fuel mixed with combustible garbage components and coal liquefaction residual and preparation method |
| CN102676265B (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2014-04-16 | 四川川润环保能源科技有限公司 | Formed fuel mixed with combustible garbage components and coal liquefaction residual and preparation method |
| CN104118130A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-10-29 | 南京工业大学大丰海洋产业研究院 | Manufacturing system for making abandoned biomass template |
| CN104194862A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2014-12-10 | 卢仁华 | Manufacturing method for garbage molded fuel |
| CN108723058A (en) * | 2017-04-13 | 2018-11-02 | 秦皇岛威立雅环保科技有限公司 | One kind not sorting garbage fuel treatment technology |
| CN107858189A (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-03-30 | 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 | A kind of method that clean environment firendly recycles house refuse |
| CN107858189B (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2020-10-09 | 金官根 | Method for recycling household garbage |
| CN108296264A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-20 | 江苏天楹环保能源成套设备有限公司 | A kind of remote villages and small towns life garbage original-source decrement treatment method |
| CN110328214A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-15 | 中山大学 | A kind of naval vessel solid waste multiple plasma processing method and system |
| CN110328214B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2022-03-08 | 中山大学 | Multistage plasma treatment method and system for ship solid waste |
| TWI739281B (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2021-09-11 | 隆順綠能科技股份有限公司 | Fuel rod with a low melting point material and method for manufacturing the same |
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Application publication date: 20101117 |