CN102986499A - Self-powered and cold air-assisted water-drawing self-irrigation system based on ground surface temperature difference - Google Patents
Self-powered and cold air-assisted water-drawing self-irrigation system based on ground surface temperature difference Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a self-powered and cold air-assisted water-drawing self-irrigation system based on ground surface temperature difference. The self-powered and cold air-assisted water-drawing self-irrigation system adopts a three-dimensional structure: the part above the ground comprises a wind turbine generator 1, a solar panel 2, an air feeder 3 and a rain collector 4; and the part below the ground comprises a heat radiation air inlet pipeline 5 of a refrigeration device, a condensation pipeline 6, an exhaust pipeline 7, a water tank 8, a capillary nylon rope 9, a heat insulation pipe 10, a radiator 11, a heat insulation box body 12, the refrigeration device 13, a heat conduction copper block 14, the condensation pipeline 15, a control core unit 16, a water collecting box 17 and a water pump 18. The devices of the whole system can utilize wind energy and solar energy resources for power supply and perform condensation through earth cooling resources and an auxiliary refrigeration system under the domination of the control core unit 16, the air feeder is used for realizing cyclic circulation of air, the rain collector is used for collecting rainwater and dew, and the nylon rope is used for realizing capillary self-irrigation, so that various natural resources can be fully utilized, the power consumption of the system can be reduced to the greatest extent and a water source can be efficiently utilized and collected.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural irrigation technology, particularly the plant irrigation system under the serious water shortage environment of arid area.
Background technology
The agricultural water imbalance between supply and demand becomes increasingly conspicuous, and shortage of water resources has become the principal element of restriction China's agricultural development.Reduce gradually and under the objective reality of grain yield increase in demand, agricultural water conservation enjoys common people to pay close attention to, so water-saving irrigation philosophy and technique progress is very fast in agriculture water volume that can be utilized.Principle according to " regulating flowing and digging a new spring " is summarized as follows:
1, water-saving irrigation technique
So-called " throttling " is the Irrigation at the about water source of dactylus, and the general irrigation method in present common farmland is to irrigate comprehensively, and water enters the field and relies on power for support and capillarity infiltration soil from ground, so be also referred to as the gravity irrigation method.The method is more ancient a kind of method commonly used, different by the mode of its moistening soil, can divide border irrigation, irrigate through furrow, basins irrigation and flood irrigation.And water-saving irrigation technique is divided into following patterns:
1.1 drip irrigation
The sixties in 20th century, the Israelis has created drip irrigation technique, to utilize a sleeving plastic pipeline Jiang Shui of system to be delivered directly to every crop root, water by water dropper be the drop shape slowly and equably drip irrigation in the soil of crop root zone, then infiltrate soil and infiltrate the zone of crop root.Although the water-saving irrigation technique of drip irrigation technique development comparative maturity, need near and fixing water source, need electric energy to power to peristaltic pump, water dropper is easily fouling obstruction in actual use, and the land readjustment degree there is stricter requirement, be unfavorable for promoting without water source area and mountain region in arid, the regular maintenance cost is high.
1.2 microspray irrigation
Microspray irrigation is called again miniature sprinkling irrigation or micro spray irrigation, is with very little shower nozzle water to be sprayed at soil surface.Microspray irrigation comprises mini sprinkler sprinkling irrigation and fine-spraying belt sprinkling irrigation.The microspray irrigation technology needs near and fixing water source, the electric energy power supply, owing to be sprayed directly on the surface, soil, local moisture barren in the soil and that wind-force is large scatters and disappears easily, needs large quantity of moisture could satisfy the demand of plant.Same land readjustment degree has stricter requirement, is unfavorable for promoting without water source area and mountain region in arid, and the regular maintenance cost is high.
1.3 infiltrating irrigation
Being subsurface irrigation, is to utilize underground piping that irrigation water is inputted in the water permeating pipeline or rat hole that the field is embedded in underground certain depth, by the irrigation method of the moistening soil of soil capillarity.
The infiltration irrigation technology major advantage is: the rear soil of 1. pouring water still keeps rarefaction, and the spoiled soil structure does not produce sealing of soil, for crop can provide good soil water regime; 2. surface soil humidity is low, can reduce evaporation from land surface; 3. pipeline is imbedded undergroundly, can reduce occupation of land, is convenient to traffic and farm work, can pour water simultaneously and farming activities; 4. irrigation quantity is economized, the efficient of pouring water height; 5. can reduce weed growth and plant pest; 6. the infiltrating irrigation system flow is little, and pressure is low, so can reduce power consumption, energy savings.Its shortcoming is also apparent in view: 1. topsoil humidity is relatively poor, is unfavorable for budding and growth of seedling, also is unfavorable for the shallow root plant growth; 2. investment is high, and construction is complicated, and the management and maintenance difficulty; In case line clogging or destruction are difficult to check and repair; 3. easily produce deep percolation, stronger to water penetration especially light soil, easier generation seepage loss.
1.4 irrigation on plastic membrance
Irrigation on plastic membrance is a kind of new water-saving irrigation technique that comes across Xinjiang of China the eighties in 20th century, is on the basis of film-mulching cultivation, and mulch film side is in the past poured water changes irrigation on plastic membrance water into, and water is irrigated crop along putting the infiltration of seedling hole and mulch film side.The water source that this Technology Need is near and fixing, and the land readjustment degree had stricter requirement, be unfavorable for promoting without water source area and mountain region in arid.
2, air technology of water catchment
Air collection (drawing) water technology is indication " increasing income ".Water-saving irrigation technique all needs to utilize local water source to supply water, and under the serious water shortage environmental condition of arid area, the water source obtains difficulty, severe inhibition the performance of water-saving technology, and it is surperficial according to the study, even in desert area, still containing a large amount of water vapours in the dry air, the technology that therefore draws water from air is applied to agricultural irrigation fortune becomes possibility.
At present, water intaking is quite ripe from air, product ripe on the market mostly adopts refrigeration dewfall method, collect after utilizing refrigeration compressor or semiconductor chilling plate with airborne steam condensation, what present dehumidifier namely adopted is this kind principle, but the air water-intaking energy resource consumption is large, the spread when being unfavorable for agricultural irrigation.
The cold resource in ground is a kind of soil heat sink of natural reproducible, extensive use in the air-conditioning system of earth source heat pump.The Australian utilizes the cold resource in ground to propose air-drop irrigation system (Airdrop irrigation system), requiring at soil temperature when it is used is the condensation pipe that provided underground about 5 ℃ can be higher with heat exchange in soil efficient, through this pipeline with ground on steam in the hot-air form condensed water after being cooled to dew-point temperature, realize irrigation to crop with the water source of collecting.Yet, under the condition of general geographical environment, summer, the thin solum temperature was 18-32 ℃, although temperature is lower than ambient air temperature, freezed because it relies on fully with the heat exchange of soil, differ and reach surely the dew-point temperature of steam, therefore condensation efficiency can not guarantee, can't be embodied as the water-deficient area plant provides lasting water source or strict to underground environmental requirement, and irrigates and irrigate by the mode of semi-permeable hose after adopting water pump to pump water, stop up easily flexible pipe, later maintenance is costly.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly the deficiency that will overcome commercially available water intaking and irrigation rig, provides a kind of based on the earth's surface temperature difference and the solar wind-energy auxiliary cold air system that draws water of powering, and creatively combines from irrigation technique with capillary.This system relies on wind energy and solar powered, with rainwater-collecting, natively cold-peace auxiliary cooling condensation three combination, even can from air, draw moisture content without the arid and semi-arid area of electrical network and by the capillary nylon rope plant root carried out capillary and irrigate, thereby guarantee that plant has lasting water source supply, cause is not to utilize pipeline to irrigate, therefore can because of generation cloggings such as silt incrustation scales, not be convenient to maintenance management yet.
The present invention is tridimensional structure, comprises on the ground and underground two parts, and wherein the above part in ground comprises wind-driven generator 1, solar panel 2, pressure fan 3, rainwater collector 4; Below ground partly comprises refrigerating plant heat radiation admission line 5, condensation pipe 6, discharge duct 7, water tank 8, capillary nylon rope 9, instlated tubular 10, radiator 11, heat insulating box 12, refrigeration unit 13, heat-conducting block 14, condensation pipe 15, control core unit 16, header tank 17, suction pump 18.
Described wind-driven generator 1 and solar panel 2 are the whole system power supply, can select wherein one or both as the power supply source according to the geographical environment of this system applies.
Described rainwater collector 4 adopts discoid device, collects rainwater thereon and the little water droplet that condenses night, and windproof scrim is equipped with in the top, only opens in rainy day and night.
Described condensation pipe 6 adopts preferably spiral copper pipe of heat conductivility, its inwall has network structure, increased with the contact area of air and delayed flowing of air, generally need be laid on ground and fully contact below 2 meters and with soil, thereby hot-air is cooled to soil temperature.
Described refrigerating plant 13 can adopt semiconductor refrigerating tablet mode or refrigeration compressor pattern, according to can actual scale selecting.
Described condensation pipe 15 is comprised of many row H type structure copper pipes, the fitting area of increase and heat conduction copper billet 14, and refrigerating plant chill surface and heat conduction copper billet 14 close contacts, thus realize that condensation pipe and chill surface carry out heat transmission effectively.
Described instlated tubular 10 adopts the plastic tube with heat-blocking action, and its upper end links to each other with spiral condensation pipe 6, and the lower end connects H type condensation pipe, stops the up and down heat exchange of condensation pipe.
Described heat insulating box 12 usefulness heat-barrier materials are divided into up and down two cavitys, stop the heat exchange between two cavitys.Upper cavity is equipped with fin 11, one ends and is connected with admission line 5, and the other end is communicated with discharge duct 7, the whole heat sinking function of realizing; Lower chamber comprises refrigerating plant 13, heat conduction copper billet 14, condensation pipe 15, and the lower end links to each other with header tank 18, the whole effect that realizes condensation air.Whole casing 12 adopts heat-barrier material, effectively stops the inside and outside heat transmission of cavity, keeps the outer soil stationary temperature of cabinets cavity body and casing.
Described pressure fan 3 adopts helical structure, automatic ventilating when wind-force is larger, driven by motor air-supply when calm.Pressure fan 3 can be delivered to the above hot-air in ground in the described spiral condensation pipe 6 and be cooled to soil temperature, through instlated tubular 10, in H type condensation pipe 15, can reach steam dew point low temperature by refrigerating plant 13, steam in effectively condensation (liquefaction) pipeline in the mobile hot-air, little water droplet flows in the header tank 11 of below in the pipeline, and condensed air is discharged through blast pipe 6.The heat that refrigerating plant 13 produces is delivered to the upper cavity of casing 12 by radiator 11, then the gas flow loop through heat radiation admission line 5 and blast pipe 7 roads composition is expelled in the atmosphere, the heat that assurance refrigerating plant 13 produces is discharged smoothly, keeps the upper cavity surrounding soil and keeps constant low temperature.
Described suction pump 9 sucks top water tank 5 with the water in the water tank 6, water is delivered to the root of plant by capillary nylon rope 9 in capillary mode.
The whole system device is on the whole under the domination of above-mentioned control core unit 16, utilize the power supply of wind energy and solar energy resources, by the cold resource in ground and the auxiliary cold condensation of carrying out of semiconductor, realized the circulation of air by pressure fan, rainwater collector is collected rainwater dew, and the capillary nylon rope is realized from irrigation, thereby taken full advantage of various natural resourcess, reduce to greatest extent system power dissipation, the efficient utilization collected the water source.
Compared with prior art, the advantage that has of the present invention is:
Utilize earth's surface temperature difference technology, effectively utilized ground cold resource (soil temperature is lower than ambient air temperature), can reduce the power consumption of 30-40% refrigerating plant;
Novelty auxiliary cooling is combined with the earth's surface temperature difference (soil air heat exchange) technology is applied to the dewfall method and draws water in the system, has the advantage that power consumption is little, efficient is high;
Whole system solves the powerup issue of arid area by the power supply of small-sized solar wind energy plant, and is applied widely;
Employing is from irrigation water-saving device, the condensed water collected and rainwater utilized about capillary by nylon rope irrigate, and both avoided the problem of line clogging in traditional water-saving irrigation technique, supplies with for plant root provides long-term continual and steady moisture again.
Four, description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the structural representation of the embodiment of the invention
Five, embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the drawing water and comprise on the ground and underground two parts from irrigation system based on the earth's surface temperature difference and the solar wind-energy auxiliary cold air of powering of present embodiment, wherein ground is above partly comprises wind-driven generator 1, solar panel 2, pressure fan 3, rainwater collector 4; Below ground partly comprises refrigerating plant heat radiation admission line 5, condensation pipe 6, discharge duct 7, water tank 8, capillary nylon rope 9, instlated tubular 10, radiator 11, heat insulating box 12, refrigerating plant 13, heat-conducting metal piece 14, condensation pipe 15, control core unit 16, header tank 17, suction pump 18.
In the semiarid and arid area without electrical network, this system and device can provide required moisture for the plant seedling root of directly sowing or transplanting.Use when of the present invention, at first be selected in plant suitable zone on every side, according to environment of living in, the factors such as geological conditions are determined the degree of depth, for example 3 meters, with header tank 17 horizontal settings on the horizontal plane that is lower than 3 meters on ground, with pumping conduit, the casing 12 of condensing unit, air inlet pipe 5 and blast pipe 6 are installed on the header tank 17, according to environment of living in, the factors such as geological conditions are filled to certain altitude with soil, underground 2 m places for example, then instlated tubular 10 and condensation pipe 6 are installed on this horizontal plane, then continue to fill condensation pipe 6 space on every side with soil, guarantee that condensation pipe and soil carry out heat exchange effectively.According to the degree of depth of nylon rope 9 ends, for example 5 cm determine that the degree of depth that water tank is buried is higher than the nylon rope end, then water tank 8 are placed ground or are higher than the degree of depth of nylon rope 9 ends, and nylon rope 9 is connected to the water outlet of water tank and guides in the soil of plant root.At last rainwater collector 4 is installed on the water tank, is used for collecting rainwater and dew.
Acrial part wind-driven generator 1, solar panel 2, pressure fan 3 are assembled on the lamp stand successively, and pressure fan can be delivered to condensation pipe with hot-air by the bar interior conduit, little water droplet flows in the header tank 17 of below in the pipeline, and condensed air is discharged by blast pipe through header tank.Suction pump 18 is loaded on water tank, by water pipe the water in 17 is sucked the top, rainwater collector 4 collects rainwater thereon and the little water droplet that condenses night simultaneously, also flows into water tank 5 through filter screen, finally by nylon rope 9 water is delivered to the root of plant in capillary mode.
Wherein heat insulating box 12 usefulness heat-barrier materials are divided into up and down two cavitys, stop the heat exchange between two cavitys.Upper cavity is equipped with fin 11, one ends and is connected with admission line 5, and the other end is communicated with discharge duct 7, the whole heat sinking function of realizing; Lower chamber comprises refrigerating plant 13, heat-conducting metal piece 14, condensation pipe 15, and the lower end links to each other with header tank 18, the whole effect that realizes condensation air.Whole casing 12 adopts heat-barrier material, effectively stops the inside and outside heat transmission of cavity, keeps the outer soil stationary temperature of cabinets cavity body and casing.
The whole system device is on the whole under the domination of control core unit 16, utilize the power supply of wind energy and solar energy resources, by the cold resource in ground and the auxiliary cold condensation of carrying out of semiconductor, realized the circulation of air by pressure fan, rainwater collector is collected rainwater dew, and nylon rope is realized capillary from irrigation, thereby takes full advantage of various natural resourcess, reduce to greatest extent system power dissipation, the efficient utilization collected the water source.
The above only is the preferred embodiments of the present invention, can not limit scope of the invention process with this, and all simple conversion of doing according to claim of the present invention and description all should still belong to the protection domain that the present invention covers.
Claims (9)
1. draw water from irrigation system based on the auxiliary cold air of the self-powered of the earth's surface temperature difference, comprise the above part in ground: wind-driven generator 1, solar panel 2, pressure fan 3, rainwater collector 4; Below ground partly comprises the heat radiation admission line 5 of refrigerating plant, condensation pipe 6, discharge duct 7, water tank 8, nylon rope 9, instlated tubular 10, radiator 11, heat insulating box 12, refrigerating plant 13, heat-conducting metal piece 14, condensation pipe 15, control core unit 16, header tank 17, suction pump 18.
2.
According to claim 1, the auxiliary cold air of the self-powered based on the earth's surface temperature difference described in draw water from irrigation system, it is characterized in that:Also comprise wind-driven generator 1, solar panel 2 and pressure fan 3; Wind-driven generator 1 and solar panel 2 can be whole system power supply, can select wherein one or both as the power supply source according to the geographical environment of this system applies; Pressure fan 3 can be delivered to the above hot-air in ground the condensation pipe 8 in the soil, and it adopts turbine structure, automatic ventilating when wind-force is larger, driven by motor air-supply when calm.
3.
According to claim 1 and 2, the auxiliary cold air of the self-powered based on the earth's surface temperature difference described in draw water from irrigation system, it is characterized in that: also compriseCondensation pipe 8, adopt preferably spiral copper pipe of heat conductivility, its inwall has network structure, increased with the contact area of air and delayed flowing of air, generally need be laid on underground and fully contact with soil, thereby hot-air is cooled to soil temperature, condensation pipe 15 is comprised of many row H type structure copper pipes, increase the fitting area with heat-conducting metal piece 14, and refrigerating plant 13 and heat-conducting metal piece 14 close contacts, thereby realize that condensation pipe and refrigerating plant carry out heat transmission effectively, instlated tubular 10 adopts the plastic tube with heat-blocking action, its upper end links to each other with spiral condensation pipe 6, the lower end connects H type condensation pipe, stop the up and down heat exchange of condensation pipe, in being lower than the soil of ambient air temperature, hot-air is by being cooled to soil temperature in the condensation pipe 6, through instlated tubular 10, in H type condensation pipe 15, can reach the steam dew-point temperature by refrigerating plant, the steam in the condensation air effectively, little water droplet flows in the header tank 11 of below in the pipeline, and condensed air is discharged through blast pipe 6.
4.
According to claim 1, drawing water from irrigation system based on the earth's surface temperature difference and the solar wind-energy auxiliary cold air of powering described in 2 or 3, it is characterized in that: also compriseHeat insulating box 12 is divided into up and down two cavitys with heat-barrier material, stops the heat exchange between two cavitys, and upper cavity is equipped with fin 11, one ends and is connected with admission line 5, and the other end is communicated with discharge duct 7, the whole heat sinking function of realizing; Lower chamber comprises refrigerating plant 13, heat-conducting metal piece 14, condensation pipe 15, the lower end links to each other with header tank 18, the whole effect that realizes condensation air, whole casing 12 adopts heat-barrier material, effectively stop the inside and outside heat transmission of cavity, keep the outer soil stationary temperature of cabinets cavity body and casing, the heat that refrigerating plant 13 produces is delivered to the upper cavity of casing 12 by radiator 11, then the gas flow loop through refrigerating plant heat radiation admission line 5 and blast pipe 7 roads composition is expelled in the atmosphere, the heat that the assurance refrigerating plant produces is discharged smoothly, keeps the upper cavity surrounding soil and keeps constant low temperature environment.
5.
According to claim 1, drawing water from irrigation system based on the earth's surface temperature difference and the solar wind-energy auxiliary cold air of powering described in 2,3 or 4, it is characterized in that: also compriseRainwater collector 3 adopts discoid device, collects rainwater thereon and the little water droplet that condenses night, and windproof scrim is equipped with in the top, only opens in rainy day and night.
6. suction pump 9 sucks top water tank 5 with the water in the water tank 6, water is delivered to the root of plant by nylon rope 9 in capillary mode, the whole system device is on the whole under the domination of control core unit 16, utilize the power supply of wind energy and solar energy resources, by the cold resource in ground and the auxiliary cold condensation of carrying out of semiconductor, realized the circulation of air by pressure fan, rainwater collector is collected rainwater dew, the capillary nylon rope is realized from irrigating, thereby take full advantage of various natural resourcess, reduce to greatest extent system power dissipation, the efficient utilization collected the water source.
7.
According to claim 1 to 5Drawing water from irrigation system based on the earth's surface temperature difference and the solar wind-energy auxiliary cold air of powering described in the middle any one
, it is characterized in that: described condensation pipe 8 is the copper pipeline of helical form, institute's condensation pipe 15 is many row H type condensation pipes 8.
8.
According to claim 1, drawing water from irrigation system based on the earth's surface temperature difference and the solar wind-energy auxiliary cold air of powering described in any one in 5, it is characterized in that: described suction pump 9 is immersible pump.
9.
According to claim 1, drawing water from irrigation system based on the earth's surface temperature difference and the solar wind-energy auxiliary cold air of powering described in any one in 5 is characterized in that:(1) technology of having utilized the auxiliary cooling of the earth's surface temperature difference (soil air heat exchange) technology and refrigerating plant to combine had both guaranteed that airborne moisture can reach dew-point temperature and aggegation Cheng Shui, the power consumption of having saved again refrigerating plant; (2) adopt from irrigation water-saving device, by capillarity, the water source that has utilized efficiently low power consumption device to collect, having guaranteed provides long-term continual and steady moisture for plant root.
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2012
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